阅读说明：本技术 一种非均质砂岩油藏可视化水驱油实验装置及方法 (Visual water displacement experimental device and method for heterogeneous sandstone reservoir ) 是由 鞠斌山 刘楠 田亚鹏 董银涛 马帅 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种模拟非均质砂岩油藏水驱油可视化实验装置及方法。其用于非均质砂岩油藏水驱油物理过程模拟、直接观察水驱前缘驱替位置、注水波及面积及剩余油分布状态。模拟非均质砂岩油藏水驱油可视化实验装置包括：模拟系统、注入系统和监测系统。模拟系统用于模拟砂岩油藏非均质性、不同井网等因素对砂岩油藏的开发效果的影响；注入系统用于控制注入速度、注入量；监测系统用于观察模型系统井口位置处的压力、检测产油速度及产水速度、计算模拟油藏含水率及采收率。模拟实验用油与模拟实验用水通过染色剂染色后感光性增强,在平行光源的照射下,能够更清晰的观察非均质砂岩油藏水驱油藏中油水分界线,水驱油前缘变化,剩余油分布规律。(The invention provides a visual experimental device and a visual experimental method for simulating oil-water displacement of an inhomogeneous sandstone reservoir. The method is used for simulating the water flooding physical process of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir and directly observing the displacement position of the water flooding front edge, the water flooding swept area and the distribution state of the residual oil. The visual experimental apparatus of simulation heterogeneous sandstone oil reservoir water displacement of reservoir oil includes: simulation system, injection system and monitoring system. The simulation system is used for simulating the influence of factors such as heterogeneity of the sandstone oil reservoir and different well patterns on the development effect of the sandstone oil reservoir; the injection system is used for controlling the injection speed and the injection quantity; the monitoring system is used for observing the pressure at the position of a wellhead of the model system, detecting the oil production speed and the water production speed, and calculating the water content and the recovery ratio of the simulated oil reservoir. After the oil for the simulation experiment and the water for the simulation experiment are dyed by the dyeing agent, the photosensitivity is enhanced, and under the irradiation of a parallel light source, the oil-water boundary line, the water displacement front edge change and the residual oil distribution rule in the water-drive reservoir of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir can be observed more clearly.)

1. The visual water displacement experimental device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir is characterized by comprising a simulation system, an injection system and a monitoring system; the simulation system comprises a support frame and a sand filling device, wherein the support frame comprises wheels (1), a lower support seat (2), two triangular support frames (3) and two support columns (4); the wheel (1) is arranged at the bottom of the lower supporting seat (2), the two supporting columns (4) are arranged at two sides of the upper end of the lower supporting seat (2) and are respectively tightly attached to the triangular supporting frame (3), and the triangular supporting frame (3) is tightly connected with the supporting columns (4) and fixed on the lower supporting seat (2) together;

the bottom layer of the sand filling device is a groove type perspective plate (5), core layer fillers are filled in a groove of the groove type perspective plate (5), a glass perspective flat plate (6) is arranged on the groove type sand filling perspective plate (5), a liquid injection port or a liquid outlet is arranged on the glass perspective flat plate (6) according to the requirement of a certain well pattern spacing and is used for representing different well mouth positions, and the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet is controlled by a three-hole valve (9); the parallel light source (8) is arranged right below the groove type perspective plate (5); the sand filling device is arranged on the supporting column (4),

the injection system comprises a flow control valve (12), a water injection cylinder (11) and a plurality of drainage pipes (13), wherein the water injection cylinder (11) is connected with the drainage pipes (13) through the flow control valve (12);

the monitoring system comprises an oil-water flow meter (14) and a pressure sensitive meter (15), and is installed on the glass perspective flat plate (6) and on the three-hole valve (9) arranged at the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet port.

2. The visual water flooding experiment device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core layer filler is prepared from experiment sand and experiment mud according to a certain proportion, the core layer filler is uniformly spread on the groove-shaped perspective plate (5) coated with epoxy resin glue, and the heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs with different permeability areas are arranged according to different sand filling modes and are used for simulating reservoirs with different permeabilities; bonding the periphery of the rock core layer filler by using the epoxy resin adhesive for sealing, and reinforcing and sealing by using a sealing clamp (7); the groove type perspective plate (5) and the glass perspective flat plate (6) are fixed by screws (10).

3. the visual water flooding experiment device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir as claimed in claim 2, wherein the core-filling layer filler is saturated with simulation experiment oil, the water injection cylinder (11) contains simulation experiment water, the simulation experiment oil is prepared from kerosene and paraffin according to a ratio of 20:1, the viscosity of the preparation is 23.9 mPa-s, and a proper amount of Sudan III dye is added into the simulation experiment oil for dyeing, so that the photosensitivity of the simulation experiment oil is enhanced, and the water flooding experiment process is convenient to observe; the simulation experiment water is formed by the configuration of solution concentration for 21000 mg/L's NaCl and 5000 mg/L's CaCl2, the water mineralization degree for the simulation experiment is 220000mg/L, and density is 1.032g/cm3, add right amount of methylene blue coloring agent dyeing in the simulation experiment water, strengthen the photosensitivity of simulation experiment water is convenient for observe the water displacement of reservoir oil experimental process.

4. The visual water flooding experimental device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir as claimed in claim 3, wherein the groove-shaped perspective plate (5) and the glass perspective flat plate (6) are made of transparent glass or organic glass, and the material of the groove-shaped perspective plate is acrylic glass.

5. The visual water flooding experimental device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir of claim 4, wherein the epoxy resin glue is prepared by fully mixing epoxy resin, ethylenediamine, absolute ethyl alcohol and dibutyl phthalate according to a ratio of 10:1:1: 0.6.

6. The visual water flooding experiment device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir as set forth in claim 5, wherein the parallel light source (8) provides a light source for the simulation system, the photosensitivity of the simulated experiment oil and the simulated experiment water after being dyed by a coloring agent is enhanced, and under the irradiation of the parallel light source (8), the oil-water boundary, the water flooding front edge change and the residual oil distribution rule of the water flooding in the model can be directly observed through the simulation system.

7. The visual water flooding experimental apparatus for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of drainage tubes (13) are connected to a plurality of outlets of the water injection cylinder (11), the injection speed is controlled by the flow control valve (12) connecting the water injection cylinder (11) and the drainage tubes (13), and the other ends of the drainage tubes (13) are connected to the three-hole valve (9) of the injection port.

8. The visual waterflood experimental apparatus for heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs according to any of claims 1-7, characterized in that the three-hole valve (9) at the injection or outlet is used to connect one hole to the drain (13) of the injection system, another hole to the oil-water flow meter (14) for the monitoring system, and a third hole to the pressure-sensitive meter (15) for the monitoring system.

9. the visual water flooding experimental apparatus for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir of claim 8, wherein the oil-water flow meter (14) is configured to monitor the oil production speed and the water production speed of the injection port or the liquid outlet, the sensitive pressure gauge (15) is configured to monitor the pressure at the position point of the injection port or the liquid outlet, and a video recording device is used to record the oil-water boundary, the change of the water flooding front edge, and the distribution rule of the remaining oil at different times displayed by the glass transparent plate (6).

10. an experimental method using the visual water flooding experimental device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir of any one of claims 1-9 comprises the following steps:

Step S1: assembling a visual water flooding experimental device of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir;

Step S2: preparing experimental simulation oil and experimental simulation water;

Step S3: simulating oil in a saturation experiment and vacuumizing the sand filling device by using a vacuum pump;

step S4: deploying a well pattern according to a determined rule, and connecting a simulation system saturated with experimental oil with an injection system and a monitoring system;

step S5: opening a flow control valve, and carrying out water injection and oil displacement experiment operation on the simulation system by an injection system at a certain injection speed;

Step S6: monitoring the flow rate and pressure at the simulated injection well point, monitoring the flow rate and pressure at the simulated production well point, and recording; the oil-water boundary, the water displacement front edge change and the residual oil distribution rule presented by the glass perspective flat plate;

Step S7: and (4) ending the experiment until the simulation system hardly produces oil, closing the flow control valve, and calculating the parameters of the simulated heterogeneous sandstone oil reservoir such as the recovery ratio, the water content and the like.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir development, in particular to a visual water flooding experimental device and method for a heterogeneous sandstone reservoir.

Background

The heterogeneous sandstone reservoir is an important reservoir in the oil-gas exploration and development mileage of China, and the reservoir dimensions of the reservoir are different, the geometrical forms are different, and the fluid in the pores has a special flowing rule due to the extremely strong heterogeneity and the complex oil-water relationship. At present, the knowledge of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir is more limited to the theoretical research of reservoir fluid seepage under certain assumed conditions, and the evaluation knowledge of the overall reservoir development system by indoor experiments is lacked. At present, indoor experiments related to oil reservoir development are mainly mobility experiments, and a microscopic method can only statically observe the static oil-water distribution condition before displacement or at a certain moment after displacement. The mobility experiment and the microscopic method cannot observe the dynamic change rule of oil-water two-phase migration and distribution in the displacement process. If the oil-water migration rule in the displacement process can be mastered, the migration channel and the oil-water distribution condition are determined, and a targeted oil reservoir exploitation scheme can be provided, so that the oil reservoir recovery rate is greatly improved.

Currently, the physical models used for studying displacement effect and seepage characteristics in the development process of oil and gas fields mainly include: the physical model of the cylindrical natural rock core and the artificial cylindrical quartz sand rock core has the advantages that: the model displacement performance is good, the core condition is close to the actual oil reservoir condition, the model can work under high temperature and high pressure, the model manufacturing cost is low, the investment of operation equipment is less, and the model is a research means generally adopted in the current physical simulation displacement experiment; the disadvantages are that: the displacement process is invisible, data acquisition, image analysis and processing cannot be carried out, the problems in the experimental process and the experimental data cannot be judged and processed accurately and intuitively, and the service life is one-time. Secondly, the flat sandstone physical model is formed by die casting natural rock powder or quartz sand mixed with inorganic or organic adhesive, and has the advantages that: the model is three-dimensional, has larger size and is convenient to operate; the disadvantages are that: the displacement process is invisible, data acquisition, image analysis and processing cannot be performed, and the working temperature and pressure cannot be too high. The microcosmic physical model has the advantages that: the model displacement process is visual, can carry out data acquisition, image analysis and processing, and can be repeatedly used for multiple times; the disadvantages are that: because the physical model is manufactured by adopting the photoetching technology, the physical model has smaller geometric dimension, is in a plane two-dimensional form, can not simulate the real pore seepage structure of an oil reservoir, has lower accuracy of an experimental result, and has higher manufacturing cost, difficulty and requirements on manufacturing equipment. Therefore, a dynamic visualization device capable of accurately simulating the pore seepage structure of the reservoir is urgently needed to be developed, and the dynamic visualization device is used for researching the oil-water seepage rule, the residual oil distribution rule and the water flooding front edge interface propulsion condition of the heterogeneous reservoir, so that reasonable well pattern deployment is determined, and theoretical and experimental basis is provided for developing the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of accurately simulating dynamic visualization of an oil reservoir pore-permeability structure, which cannot be solved by the prior art, and provides a visual water flooding experiment device and method for a heterogeneous sandstone oil reservoir.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a visual water flooding experimental device for a heterogeneous sandstone reservoir comprises a simulation system, an injection system and a monitoring system; the simulation system comprises a support frame and a sand filling device, wherein the support frame comprises wheels, a lower support seat, two triangular support frames and two support columns; the wheels are arranged at the bottom of the lower supporting seat, the two supporting columns are arranged at two sides of the upper end of the lower supporting seat and are respectively tightly attached to the triangular supporting frame, and the triangular supporting frame is tightly connected with the supporting columns and fixed on the lower supporting seat together;

the bottom layer of the sand filling device is a groove-shaped perspective plate, core layer fillers are filled in a groove of the groove-shaped perspective plate, a glass perspective flat plate is arranged on the groove-shaped sand filling perspective plate, a liquid injection port or a liquid outlet is arranged on the glass perspective flat plate according to the requirement of a certain well pattern interval and used for representing different well mouth positions, and the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet is controlled by a three-hole valve; the parallel light source is arranged right below the groove type perspective plate; the sand filling device is arranged on the supporting column,

The injection system comprises a flow control valve, a water injection cylinder and a plurality of drainage tubes, wherein the water injection cylinder is connected with the drainage tubes through the flow control valve;

The monitoring system comprises an oil-water flow meter and a pressure sensitive meter, and is installed on the glass perspective flat plate, and the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet is arranged on the three-hole valve.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the core layer filler is prepared by experimental sand and experimental mud according to a certain proportion, the core layer filler is uniformly spread on the groove-shaped perspective plate coated with the epoxy resin glue, and heterogeneous sandstone oil reservoirs with different permeability areas are arranged according to different sand filling modes and are used for simulating oil reservoirs with different permeabilities; bonding the periphery of the rock core layer filler by using the epoxy resin adhesive for sealing, and reinforcing and sealing by using a sealing clamp; the groove type perspective plate and the glass perspective flat plate are fixed through screws.

in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filling rock core layer filler is saturated by simulation experiment oil, the water injection cylinder is filled with simulation experiment water, the simulation experiment oil is prepared from kerosene and paraffin according to a ratio of 20:1, the viscosity of the preparation is 23.9mPa & s, and a proper amount of Sudan III coloring agent is added into the simulation experiment oil for dyeing, so that the photosensitivity of the simulation experiment oil is enhanced, and the water flooding experiment process is convenient to observe; the simulation experiment water is formed by the configuration of solution concentration for 21000 mg/L's NaCl and 5000 mg/L's CaCl2, the water mineralization degree for the simulation experiment is 220000mg/L, and density is 1.032g/cm3, add right amount of methylene blue coloring agent dyeing in the simulation experiment water, strengthen the photosensitivity of simulation experiment water is convenient for observe the water displacement of reservoir oil experimental process.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the groove type see-through plate and the glass see-through plate are made of transparent glass or organic glass, and the material of the groove type see-through plate is acrylic glass.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy resin adhesive is prepared by fully mixing epoxy resin, ethylenediamine, absolute ethyl alcohol and dibutyl phthalate according to a ratio of 10:1:1: 0.6.

in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the parallel light source provides a light source for the simulation system, the photosensitivity of the oil for the simulation experiment and the water for the simulation experiment dyed by the dyeing agent is enhanced, and under the irradiation of the parallel light source, the oil-water boundary, the change of the water displacement front edge, and the remaining oil distribution rule of the water displacement in the model can be directly observed by the simulation system.

in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the draft tubes are connected to a plurality of outlets of the water injection tub, an injection speed is controlled by the flow control valve connecting the water injection tub and the draft tubes, and the other end of the draft tube is connected to the three-hole valve of the injection port.

in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the three-hole valve at the liquid inlet or outlet is used for connecting the drainage tube of the injection system, another hole is used for connecting the oil-water flow meter for the monitoring system, and a third hole is used for connecting the pressure-sensitive meter for the monitoring system.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil-water flow meter is configured to monitor an oil production speed and a water production speed of the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet, the sensitive pressure gauge is configured to monitor a pressure at a position of the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet, and a video recording device is used to record an oil-water boundary, a water flooding front edge change, and a remaining oil distribution rule at different times, which are presented by the glass perspective panel.

An experimental method adopting the visual water flooding experimental device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir comprises the following steps:

Step S1: assembling a visual water flooding experimental device of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir;

step S2: preparing experimental simulation oil and experimental simulation water;

step S3: simulating oil in a saturation experiment and vacuumizing the sand filling device by using a vacuum pump;

Step S4: deploying a well pattern according to a determined rule, and connecting a simulation system saturated with experimental oil with an injection system and a monitoring system;

step S5: opening a flow control valve, and carrying out water injection and oil displacement experiment operation on the simulation system by an injection system at a certain injection speed;

step S6: monitoring the flow rate and pressure at the simulated injection well point, monitoring the flow rate and pressure at the simulated production well point, and recording; the oil-water boundary, the water flooding front edge change and the residual oil distribution rule at different moments presented by the glass perspective flat plate;

Step S7: and (4) ending the experiment until the simulation system hardly produces oil, closing the flow control valve, and calculating the parameters of the simulated heterogeneous sandstone oil reservoir such as the recovery ratio, the water content and the like.

The advantages of the physical model of the invention include: the method can be used for realizing indoor physical model simulation of the actual heterogeneous sandstone reservoir, simulating the displacement characteristics of reservoirs with different permeability, and evaluating the extraction degree and factors influencing the oil-water two-phase seepage rule; under the irradiation of the parallel light source, the oil-water boundary of the oil for the simulation experiment dyed by the dyeing agent and the water for the simulation experiment is clearer, and the oil-water boundary, the water drive front edge change and the distribution condition of the residual oil can be more accurately judged; the method can simulate the development effects of different prosodic reservoir conditions and different development well patterns.

The model has high visualization degree, good sealing performance between the cover plate and the sand filling, can be used for simulating the conditions of simulated experimental oil and water under the conditions of different well pattern deployment differences and different stratum heterogeneous conditions under the condition of an actual oil reservoir heterogeneous stratum, is used for estimating the recovery ratio, the water content and the like of an oil reservoir, further evaluating the reasonable well pattern deployment of the oil reservoir, and can simultaneously observe the oil-water distribution change condition in the whole injection and production process in real time.

drawings

the following describes the visualized water flooding simulation experiment device for heterogeneous oil reservoirs in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a simulation system according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic left view of the simulation system of the present invention;

Wherein: the device comprises a wheel 1, a lower support seat 2, a triangular support frame 3, a support column 4, a groove-shaped perspective plate 5, a glass perspective flat plate 6, a sealing clamp 7, a parallel light source 8, a three-hole valve 9, a screw 10, a water injection cylinder 11, a flow control valve 12, a drainage tube 13, an oil-water flow meter 14 and a pressure gauge 15.

Detailed Description

the structural features and technical solutions of the physical model of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the actual design and manufacturing process, the designer of the invention manufactures the physical model and performs the experiment according to the following steps:

As shown in fig. 1-3, a visual flooding experimental apparatus for heterogeneous sandstone reservoirs comprises a simulation system, an injection system and a monitoring system; the simulation system comprises a support frame and a sand filling device, wherein the support frame comprises wheels 1, a lower support base 2, two triangular support frames 3 and two support columns 4; the wheel 1 is arranged at the bottom of the lower supporting seat 2, the two supporting columns 4 are arranged at two sides of the upper end of the lower supporting seat 2 and are respectively tightly attached to the triangular supporting frame 3, and the triangular supporting frame 3 is tightly connected with the supporting columns 4 and fixed on the lower supporting seat 2 together;

The bottom layer of the sand filling device is a groove type perspective plate 5, rock core layer filling is filled in a groove of the groove type perspective plate 5, a glass perspective flat plate 6 is arranged on the groove type sand filling perspective plate 5, a liquid injection port or a liquid outlet is arranged on the glass perspective flat plate 6 according to the requirement of a certain well pattern spacing and used for representing different well mouth positions, and the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet is controlled by a three-hole valve 9; the parallel light source 8 is arranged right below the groove type perspective plate 5; the sand-filling device is arranged on the supporting column 4,

The injection system comprises a flow control valve 12, a water injection cylinder 11 and a plurality of drainage tubes 13, wherein the water injection cylinder 11 is connected with the drainage tubes 13 through the flow control valve 12;

The monitoring system comprises an oil-water flow meter 14 and a pressure sensitive meter 15, and is installed on the glass perspective flat plate 6, and the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet is arranged on the three-hole valve 9.

the experimental method adopting the visual water flooding experimental device for the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir comprises the following steps:

(1) assembling a visual water flooding experimental device of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir;

According to design requirements, a groove type perspective plate 5 and a glass perspective plate 6 which is the same as the groove type perspective plate in size, can be covered and can be sealed on the groove type perspective plate are taken, and the groove type perspective plate 5 and the glass perspective plate 6 are glass plates which are made of acrylic glass. The well head positions are arranged on the glass perspective flat plate 6, the number of the well heads is 25, namely 5 rows and 5 columns, the well distances are the same, the well heads are uniformly distributed on the glass perspective flat plate 6, and the glass perspective flat plate can be used for simulating different types of well patterns, such as square well patterns and area well patterns. The well head position of settlement bores the hole that the same with three hole valve diameter size, and three hole valve 9 diameter length is about 4mm, is convenient for connect three hole valve 9, and recess type perspective board 5 and glass perspective flat 6 clean up dry for use.

Preparing a certain mesh of experimental sand and experimental mud, wherein the experimental sand can be quartz sand or natural core powder, calculating a proper sand-mud ratio according to a set permeability, preparing 'sandstone' with different permeabilities according to a ratio, and screening the 'sandstone' according to the technical requirement mesh for later use.

The epoxy resin adhesive is prepared by fully mixing epoxy resin, ethylenediamine, absolute ethyl alcohol and dibutyl phthalate according to the proportion of 10:1:1:0.6, after bubbles disappear, the epoxy resin adhesive is uniformly coated on the inner surfaces of two pieces of glass, the prepared experimental sands with different permeability are uniformly scattered on the adhesive surface according to a preset oil reservoir high-low permeability dividing area, and the experimental sands are compacted by a press roller to ensure uniformity and smoothness.

standing for a period of time, after about 1-2 hours, removing sand and glue at the position of 5-8mm of the edge of the glass and the notch of the wellhead by using a blade, and then emptying floating sand on the surface of the glass. And after 2-4 hours, the glue is completely dried, the epoxy resin glue is filled in a blank at the position of 5-8mm of the edge of the glass after bubbles disappear, the thickness of the glue surface is slightly higher than that of the sand surface, the two pieces of glass are tightly attached, and meanwhile, the edge positions of the two pieces of glass are secondarily sealed by using a sealing clamp. The physical model is placed on a plane and is compacted, so that the sand filling device is ensured to have good sealing performance, and no large bubbles or air leakage phenomenon exists at the joint of the two glasses.

(2) preparing experimental simulation oil and experimental simulation water;

Preparing oil for simulation experiment for saturated filling of a core layer filler, preparing simulation oil with the viscosity of 23.9mPa & s from kerosene and paraffin according to the ratio of 20:1, adding a proper amount of Sudan III coloring agent for dyeing, and in order to better observe the migration condition of the simulation oil in a model.

Preparing simulation experiment water for injection displacement, preparing simulation water with the solution concentration of 21000mg/L NaCl and 5000mg/L CaCl2, the mineralization degree of 220000mg/L and the density of 1.032g/cm3, adding a proper amount of methylene blue dye for dyeing, and better observing the migration condition of the simulation water in the model.

(3) Simulating oil in a saturation experiment and vacuumizing the sand filling device by using a vacuum pump;

and arranging a three-hole valve 9 at a liquid injection port of the manufactured sand filling device, connecting the three-hole valve 9 with an upper drainage tube 13, injecting configured experimental simulation oil along a guide tube, fully saturating the physical model of the heterogeneous sandstone reservoir with the experimental simulation oil, vacuumizing the simulation system by using a vacuum pump, and standing for later use.

(4) Deploying a well pattern according to a determined rule, and connecting a simulation system saturated with experimental oil with an injection system and a monitoring system;

and (3) checking that the flow control valve 12 on the water injection cylinder 11 is in a closed state, connecting the drainage pipe 13 with the injection port valve according to a reasonable well pattern deployment mode, and filling a proper amount of prepared experimental simulation water into the water injection cylinder 11 for standby. According to actual experiment requirements, different well patterns can be deployed, such as a square well pattern and an area well pattern, and a simulation system saturated with experimental oil is connected with an injection system and a monitoring system.

(5) opening the flow control valve 12, and carrying out water injection and oil displacement experiment operation on the simulation system by the injection system at a certain injection speed;

according to a set well pattern deployment mode, adjusting three-hole valves 9 at the positions of the set injection well and the set production well, connecting the three-hole valves 9 at the position of the set injection well with a drainage tube 13, connecting the three-hole valves 9 at the position of the set production well with an oil-water flow meter 14 and a pressure sensitive meter 15, using the three-hole valves 9 as control switches of flow channels, closing the valves at the positions of the non-injection well and the production well, closing the wells, and opening flow control valves 12 at the positions of the injection well and the production well according to a set injection speed to start a water flooding experiment. The parallel light source 8 is started before the displacement experiment is started, the parallel light source 8 provides a light source for the simulation system, the photosensitivity of the simulation experiment oil dyed by the dyeing agent and the simulation experiment water is stronger, under the irradiation of the parallel light source 8, the oil-water boundary is clearer, the water-drive front edge is more obvious, and the residual oil distribution rule can be observed more favorably.

(6) Monitoring the flow rate and pressure at the simulated injection well point, monitoring the flow rate and pressure at the simulated production well point, and recording; the oil-water boundary, the water flooding front edge change and the residual oil distribution rule at different moments presented by the glass perspective flat plate 6;

The oil-water flow meter 14 is used for monitoring the oil production speed and the water production speed of the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet, and the sensitive pressure gauge 15 is used for monitoring the pressure at the position point of the liquid injection port or the liquid outlet; the recording equipment can be adopted to record the oil-water boundary, the water displacement front edge change and the residual oil distribution rule of the glass perspective flat plate 6 at different moments.

(7) And (4) ending the experiment until the simulation system hardly produces oil, closing the flow control valve, and calculating the parameters of the simulated heterogeneous sandstone oil reservoir such as the recovery ratio, the water content and the like.

and monitoring and recording the movement condition of the water drive front edge and the oil-water distribution condition at any time, measuring the oil production speed and the water production speed and the pressure change at the wellhead, and calculating the recovery ratio and the water content.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only used for simplifying the description of the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

the above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.