阅读说明：本技术 一种用于强化厌氧消化的填料反应系统 (A pack reaction system for strengthening anaerobic digestion ) 是由 戴晓虎 李磊 陈永栋 刘昊宇 刘芮 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于强化厌氧消化的填料反应系统,包括依次连接的生物填料驯化区、生物填料布置区、厌氧消化反应区；所述生物填料驯化区中,完成多种填料的挂膜驯化和适应性验证,得到通过验证的强化生物填料；所述生物填料布置区中,对通过验证的强化生物填料进行特定的选择及组合,并进行层次化布置,得到层次化布置的强化厌氧消化填料组合；所述厌氧消化反应区中,基于层次化布置的强化厌氧消化填料组合进行生物填料强化下的厌氧消化反应。与现有技术相比,本发明满足了新型填料反应器精准化、高效化、集成化、可持续化的需求,可有效提升填料反应器强化厌氧消化的能力和效率,具备良好的工程应用前景。(The invention relates to a filler reaction system for strengthening anaerobic digestion, which comprises a biological filler domestication area, a biological filler arrangement area and an anaerobic digestion reaction area which are sequentially connected; in the biological filler domestication area, completing biofilm domestication and adaptability verification of various fillers to obtain verified reinforced biological fillers; in the biological filler arrangement area, specifically selecting and combining verified reinforced biological fillers, and performing hierarchical arrangement to obtain a hierarchical arranged reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination; in the anaerobic digestion reaction zone, anaerobic digestion reaction is carried out under the reinforcement of biological fillers based on the reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination arranged in a layering way. Compared with the prior art, the invention meets the requirements of novel filler reactors on precision, high efficiency, integration and sustainability, can effectively improve the capability and efficiency of the filler reactors for strengthening anaerobic digestion, and has good engineering application prospect.)

1. A filler reaction system for strengthening anaerobic digestion is characterized by comprising a biological filler domestication area, a biological filler arrangement area and an anaerobic digestion reaction area which are sequentially connected;

in the biological filler domestication area, completing biofilm domestication and adaptability verification of various fillers to obtain verified reinforced biological fillers;

in the biological filler arrangement area, specifically selecting and combining verified reinforced biological fillers, and performing hierarchical arrangement to obtain a hierarchical arranged reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination;

in the anaerobic digestion reaction zone, anaerobic digestion reaction is carried out under the reinforcement of biological fillers based on the reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination arranged in a layering way.

2. The packed reaction system for enhanced anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein the packing comprises hydrolysis-enhanced packing, acidification-enhanced packing, and methanogenic-enhanced packing.

3. The packing reaction system for enhanced anaerobic digestion according to claim 2, wherein the hydrolysis-enhancing packing comprises catalytic packing and electrolytic packing;

the reinforced acidification type filler comprises an iron oxide filler and a composite filler;

the reinforced methanogenic filler comprises a magnetic filler and a non-magnetic filler.

4. The filler reaction system for enhancing anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein the biological filler acclimation area comprises a hydrolytic microorganism biofilm formation acclimation area, an acidogenic microorganism biofilm formation acclimation area, and a methanogenic microorganism biofilm formation acclimation area.

5. The filler reaction system for enhancing anaerobic digestion according to claim 4, wherein the hydrolysis microorganism biofilm culturing area is used for completing biofilm culturing domestication of the enhanced hydrolysis fillers, a carbon source in the domestication process comprises protein, polysaccharide and lipid, and the domestication time is 3 d-20 d;

the membrane hanging area of the acid-producing microorganisms completes membrane hanging domestication of the reinforced acidification type filler, a carbon source in the domestication process comprises amino acid, monosaccharide and fatty acid, and the domestication time is 5 d-25 d;

the biofilm culturing area of the methanogenic microorganisms completes reinforced biofilm culturing domestication of methanogenic fillers, carbon sources in the domestication process comprise methanol, acetic acid and carbon dioxide, and the domestication time is 15-40 days.

6. The filler reaction system for enhancing anaerobic digestion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adaptability validation is performed after the acclimatization of different fillers, the carbon source in the acclimatization process of biofilm formation is replaced by sewage and organic waste from sewage plant in the adaptability validation process, the biofilm inspection and the effect validation are performed, and the time of the adaptability validation is 2 d-30 d.

7. The packed reaction system for enhanced anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein the bio-packing disposed region is an annular net bag disposed in two or three layers;

when two layers are arranged, the reinforced methanogenic biological filler is arranged on the first layer, and the reinforced hydrolytic biological filler and the reinforced acidification biological filler are arranged on the second layer;

when three layers are arranged, the reinforced methanogenic biological filler, the reinforced acidification biological filler and the reinforced hydrolysis biological filler are sequentially arranged on the first layer, the second layer and the third layer.

8. The packed reaction system for enhanced anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic digestion reaction zone is provided with a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a biogas collection pipe and a stirring assembly.

9. The packed reaction system for enhanced anaerobic digestion according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic digestion reaction process comprises system feeding, system stirring, system gas collection and system discharging.

10. A packed reaction system for enhanced anaerobic digestion according to claim 9, wherein the reaction temperature is 25 ℃ to 65 ℃ in the anaerobic digestion reaction;

the reaction feeding mode is batch feeding, semi-continuous or continuous feeding, and the reaction residence time is 5-30 d;

the stirring speed is 60 rpm-150 rpm in the reaction process.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and resource recovery, in particular to a filler reaction system for strengthening anaerobic digestion.

Background

In the field of sewage and organic waste treatment, the key links of carbon emission reduction and even negative carbon emission are pollution reduction, carbon reduction, synergistic effect and resource and energy recovery enhancement. The anaerobic digestion technology is a biological treatment green technology widely applied to sewage, sludge and various organic waste treatment, can complete harmless treatment of pollutants and simultaneously realize recovery of biomass resource energy, and the generated biogas as a renewable energy can effectively replace fossil energy such as petroleum, and is an important technical guarantee for supporting ecological civilization construction and social sustainable development.

As a mature technology, the anaerobic digestion technology applied to the organic waste treatment has a series of problems of long treatment period, low methane production efficiency, low methane proportion in the methane and the like. In order to further improve the anaerobic digestion performance, researchers have made many different attempts, and the use of fillers is one of the technologies. The application of the filler in anaerobic digestion has a series of technical advantages of enriching anaerobic microorganisms, enhancing the stability of anaerobic digestion, improving the performance of anaerobic digestion and the like.

The patent "a UBF anaerobic reactor based on biological carbon carrier" (CN113060832A), the patent "a large-scale biological anaerobic digestion device" (CN107226527A) and so on all adopt the filler technology to strengthen the anaerobic digestion from this thought. However, most of the existing packed reactor systems pay attention to the combination with anaerobic digestion, the material and amount of the packing, and the structure of the reactor, but the technical problems of unclear effect, inaccurate effect, complex recovery procedure and unsustainable use of various packings applied to anaerobic digestion still cannot be solved. In order to promote the development and application of the packing reactor system in the field of anaerobic digestion, a novel precise, efficient, integrated and sustainable packing reactor system is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a filler reaction system for enhancing anaerobic digestion, which solves the technical problems of unclear effect, inaccurate effect, complex recovery procedure, unsustainable use and the like of the conventional filler reactor system applied to anaerobic digestion.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the technical scheme aims to protect a filler reaction system for strengthening anaerobic digestion, which comprises a biological filler domestication area, a biological filler arrangement area and an anaerobic digestion reaction area which are sequentially connected;

in the biological filler domestication area, completing biofilm domestication and adaptability verification of various fillers to obtain verified reinforced biological fillers;

in the biological filler arrangement area, specifically selecting and combining verified reinforced biological fillers, and performing hierarchical arrangement to obtain a hierarchical arranged reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination;

in the anaerobic digestion reaction zone, anaerobic digestion reaction under the reinforcement of biological fillers is carried out through the reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination which is arranged in a layering way.

The operation method corresponding to the reaction system in the technical scheme comprises the following steps: filler selection, filler hanging membrane domestication, biological filler adaptability verification, biological filler arrangement and anaerobic digestion.

Further, the filler comprises a reinforced hydrolysis-type filler, a reinforced acidification-type filler and a reinforced methanogenesis-type filler.

The reinforcement of the filler on anaerobic digestion comes from reinforcement of one or more links of hydrolysis, acidification and methane production of the anaerobic digestion, but the specific action of the filler is not specifically distinguished in the previous research, and the filler is not accurately utilized when being used. Before domesticating the biological filler, the filler is divided into three categories of reinforced hydrolysis, reinforced acidification and reinforced methane production, so that the subsequent precise membrane hanging domestication and efficient start of anaerobic digestion are facilitated.

Further, the hydrolysis-enhancing filler includes a catalytic filler (including but not limited to MOF filler) and an electrolytic filler (including but not limited to iron-carbon microelectrolytic filler);

the strengthened acidizing fillers comprise iron oxide fillers (including but not limited to hematite fillers) and composite fillers (including but not limited to nitrogen-doped graphene fillers);

the enhanced methanogenic filler includes magnetic fillers (including but not limited to magnetite fillers) and non-magnetic fillers (including but not limited to activated carbon fillers).

On the basis of dividing the fillers into three types, the three types of fillers of reinforced hydrolysis, reinforced acidification and reinforced methane production are classified in a more subdivided manner according to the action characteristics of different fillers, and a representative filler is selected, so that the method is favorable for selecting more appropriate fillers for different pollutant objects needing to be treated in the anaerobic digestion process to perform biofilm formation domestication and anaerobic digestion, and the accuracy and high efficiency level of a filler reactor system is improved.

Further, the biological filler domestication area comprises a hydrolysis microorganism membrane domestication area, an acidogenic microorganism membrane domestication area and a methanogenic microorganism membrane domestication area. According to the technical scheme, by dividing the biological filler domestication area, biofilm formation domestication can be performed on selected different types of fillers, and different functional microorganisms are enriched.

Further, the hydrolysis microorganism biofilm culturing area completes biofilm culturing domestication of the reinforced hydrolysis filler, a carbon source in the domestication process comprises protein, polysaccharide and lipid, and the domestication time is 3 d-20 d;

the membrane hanging area of the acid-producing microorganisms completes membrane hanging domestication of the reinforced acidification type filler, a carbon source in the domestication process comprises amino acid, monosaccharide and fatty acid, and the domestication time is 5 d-25 d;

the biofilm culturing area of the methanogenic microorganisms completes reinforced biofilm culturing domestication of methanogenic fillers, carbon sources in the domestication process comprise methanol, acetic acid and carbon dioxide, and the domestication time is 15-40 days.

The technical scheme determines the carbon source and the domestication time of different microorganism biofilm formation areas according to the types, growth periods and substrate requirements of microorganisms to be biofilm-formed, so that the corresponding types of microorganisms are purposefully enriched to form the specific high-activity microbial film.

Further, the adaptability verification is carried out after the biofilm culturing acclimation of different fillers is finished, sewage and organic waste (including but not limited to sludge, kitchen waste and crop straws) of a sewage plant are adopted to replace a carbon source in the biofilm culturing acclimation process in the adaptability verification process, the biomembrane inspection and the effect verification are carried out, and the time for the adaptability verification is 2 d-30 d.

In order to verify and ensure the smooth completion of the biofilm formation of microorganisms in the biofilm formation domestication area, the technical scheme adopts actual wastewater and wastes to carry out biofilm inspection and effect verification, the metabolic pollutants and the growth and reproduction effects of different types of biofilms are verified in the reaction periods of different microbial membranes, the biofilms passing the adaptability verification enter the biofilm formation area, and the biofilms not passing the adaptability verification return to the biofilm formation domestication area to carry out biofilm formation domestication again, so that the high efficiency of the obtained biofilms and the improvement of the subsequent anaerobic digestion performance are ensured.

Further, the biological filler arrangement area is an annular net bag with two or three layers;

when two layers are arranged, the reinforced methanogenic biological filler is arranged on the first layer, and the reinforced hydrolytic biological filler and the reinforced acidification biological filler are arranged on the second layer;

when three layers are arranged, the reinforced methanogenic biological filler, the reinforced acidification biological filler and the reinforced hydrolysis biological filler are sequentially arranged on the first layer, the second layer and the third layer.

In the technical scheme, the biological filler arrangement area adopts a form of a multilayer annular net bag, on one hand, different biological fillers are integrated in a reactor device in a targeted manner, on the other hand, the influence on the stirring of a reactor system is avoided to the maximum extent, the mass transfer reaction process is optimized, and compared with a filler reactor system adopting a biological filler bed form, the uniform mass transfer performance is more excellent; the biological filler arrangement area is determined by two-layer arrangement or three-layer arrangement according to sewage and organic waste which can be treated as required, two-layer arrangement can be used for waste with unobvious interval in the hydrolysis acidification process, such as kitchen waste, and three-layer arrangement can be adopted for waste with relatively slow hydrolysis acidification process, such as crop straws.

Furthermore, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a biogas collecting pipe and a stirring assembly are arranged on the anaerobic digestion reaction zone. According to the technical scheme, the packing reactor integrates the biological packing arrangement area and the anaerobic digestion reaction area, the stirring performance of the packing reactor is optimized, and meanwhile, the integration degree of the biological packing reactor is improved through reasonable selection and arrangement of the biological packing, and chaos, deposition and loss of the biological packing in the anaerobic digestion reaction area are avoided.

Further, in the anaerobic digestion reaction zone, the anaerobic digestion reaction process comprises system feeding, system stirring, system gas collection and system discharging. The biological filler which is subjected to biofilm domestication, adaptability verification and reasonable arrangement can efficiently start and operate anaerobic digestion after the system is fed, and the treatment and recycling processes of organic matters are completed.

Further, in the anaerobic digestion reaction, the reaction temperature is 25-65 ℃;

the reaction feeding mode is batch feeding, semi-continuous or continuous feeding, and the reaction residence time is 5-30 d;

the stirring speed is 60 rpm-150 rpm in the reaction process.

The filler reactor has wide applicability and large-scale feasibility, and has good engineering application prospect.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:

(1) precision: according to the invention, representative fillers are selected according to the action characteristics of different fillers, biofilm domestication is carried out on the selected fillers of different types through dividing a biological filler domestication area, microorganisms with different functions are accurately enriched, and more appropriate biological fillers and arrangement modes are selected subsequently according to different pollutant objects needing to be treated by anaerobic digestion, so that the accuracy level of the filler reactor system is effectively improved.

(2) High efficiency: according to the invention, through targeted biofilm formation domestication and adaptability verification, different types of biological fillers with high-reactivity biological membranes are screened out, and targeted selection and arrangement are carried out, so that anaerobic digestion of pollutants can be efficiently started, and the anaerobic digestion performance is improved.

(3) Integration: the biological filler arrangement area adopts a form of a multilayer annular net bag, different biological fillers are integrated in the reactor device in a targeted manner while the stirring performance of the filler reactor is optimized, the integration degree of the biological filler reactor is improved through reasonable selection and arrangement of the biological fillers, and the biological filler arrangement area can be applied in a large scale.

(4) Sustainable treatment: on one hand, the biological filler has a high-reactivity biological film, and the confusion, deposition and loss of the biological filler in an anaerobic digestion reaction area are avoided in a multi-layer annular net bag mode, so that the biological filler has excellent sustainable operation capability and enhanced anaerobic digestion performance; on the other hand, the biological filler arrangement area is easy to disassemble, the biological filler subjected to biofilm culturing and domestication can smoothly replace the original filler in the biological filler arrangement area, and the replaced filler can return to the biological filler domestication area for secondary domestication, so that the stable operation performance of the reactor system is further ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition and operation of a packed reaction system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a packed reactor apparatus constructed using the present system;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the configuration of the packing arrangement zone in a packing reactor constructed using the present system;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a net bag in a packing arrangement area in a packing reactor constructed by using the present system.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

In the technical scheme, the characteristics such as the part type, the material name, the connection structure and the like which are not explicitly described are all regarded as common technical characteristics disclosed in the prior art.

According to the technical scheme, through the design of the biological filler domestication area, the biological filler arrangement area and the anaerobic digestion reaction area, and a series of operation means of filler selection, filler film hanging domestication, biological filler adaptability verification, biological filler arrangement and anaerobic digestion, the requirements of novel filler reactors on accuracy, high efficiency, integration and sustainability are met, the capability and efficiency of the filler reactors for strengthening anaerobic digestion can be effectively improved, and the filler reactors have good engineering application prospects.

The filler reaction system for enhancing anaerobic digestion in the technical scheme comprises a biological filler domestication area, a biological filler arrangement area and an anaerobic digestion reaction area which are sequentially connected.

In the biological filler domestication area, completing biofilm domestication and adaptability verification of various fillers to obtain verified reinforced biological fillers; in the biological filler arrangement area, specifically selecting and combining the verified reinforced biological fillers, and performing hierarchical arrangement to obtain a hierarchical arranged reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination; in the anaerobic digestion reaction zone, anaerobic digestion reaction under the reinforcement of biological fillers is carried out through the reinforced anaerobic digestion filler combination which is arranged in a layering way.

The operation method corresponding to the reaction system in the technical scheme comprises the following steps: filler selection, filler hanging membrane domestication, biological filler adaptability verification, biological filler arrangement and anaerobic digestion.

The filler comprises reinforced hydrolytic filler, reinforced acidification filler and reinforced methanogenesis filler. Hydrolysis-enhancing fillers include catalytic fillers (including but not limited to MOF fillers) and electrolytic fillers (including but not limited to iron-carbon microelectrolytic fillers); the strengthened acidification type filler comprises iron oxide filler (including but not limited to hematite filler) and composite filler (including but not limited to nitrogen-doped graphene filler); enhanced methanogenic fillers include magnetic fillers (including but not limited to magnetite fillers) and non-magnetic fillers (including but not limited to activated carbon fillers).

The biological filler domestication area comprises a hydrolysis microorganism biofilm formation domestication area, an acid-producing microorganism biofilm formation domestication area and a methane-producing microorganism biofilm formation domestication area.

The biological filler arrangement area is an annular net bag with two or three layers; when two layers are arranged, the reinforced methanogenic biological filler is arranged on the first layer, and the reinforced hydrolytic biological filler and the reinforced acidification biological filler are arranged on the second layer; when three layers are arranged, the reinforced methanogenic biological filler, the reinforced acidification biological filler and the reinforced hydrolysis biological filler are sequentially arranged on the first layer, the second layer and the third layer.

Example 1

This example is directed to a reactor configuration for a packed reactor system for enhanced anaerobic digestion and method of operating the same.

In this embodiment, the biofilm carrier domestication area is selected to be a space satisfying domestication requirements, the anaerobic digestion reactor is composed of a biofilm carrier arrangement area and an anaerobic digestion reaction area, both of which are integrated in the reaction device shown in fig. 2, the biofilm carrier arrangement area adopts a three-layer arrangement, and the enhanced methanogenic biofilm carrier, the enhanced acidification biofilm carrier and the enhanced hydrolysis biofilm carrier are sequentially arranged in the first layer, the second layer and the third layer. Wherein, the No. 1 filler is a magnetite biological filler, the No. 2 filler is a hematite biological filler, and the No. 3 filler is an iron-carbon micro-electrolysis biological filler. The detailed schematic diagram of the biological stuffing arrangement area is shown in fig. 3, wherein the 1# net bag, the 2# net bag and the 3# net bag are all formed by combining porous plastic plates, the installation and the disassembly are easy, the pore diameter is smaller than the stuffing size, and the detailed schematic diagram of the net bag is shown in fig. 4. The reactor can effectively carry out anaerobic digestion on the organic wastes which are difficult to degrade, and can be used for integrated large-scale production in practical application.

A filler reaction system is used for strengthening anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste, and in the aspect of initial filler selection, an MOF filler, a nitrogen-doped graphene filler and an active carbon filler are respectively selected to enter a biological filler domestication area for biofilm formation domestication.

The MOF filler is subjected to biofilm formation domestication in a hydrolyzed microorganism biofilm formation area, carbon sources in the domestication process are bovine serum albumin and cellulose, the domestication time is 10 days, and the relative abundance of the domesticated hydrolyzed bacteria is more than 50%.

And (3) performing biofilm culturing domestication on the acid-producing microorganism biofilm culturing area by using the nitrogen-doped graphene filler, wherein the carbon source in the domestication process is amino acid and glucose, the domestication time is 15d, and the relative abundance of the domesticated acid-producing bacteria is more than 50%.

And (3) performing biofilm domestication on the biofilm formation area of the methanogenic microorganisms by using the activated carbon filler, wherein carbon sources in the domestication process are acetic acid and carbon dioxide, the domestication time is 30d, and the relative abundance of the domesticated methanogenic bacteria is more than 60%.

The membrane hanging domestication process realizes the precise enrichment of the corresponding type of microorganism and forms a specific high-activity microbial membrane.

After the biofilm domestication of different fillers is finished, the kitchen waste is adopted to replace a carbon source in the biofilm domestication process, biofilm inspection and effect verification are carried out, microbial metabolism and growth of the three biological fillers are normally carried out, the degradation rate of organic matters in the kitchen waste reaches over 75%, the performance is excellent, and adaptability verification is passed.

The biological filler enters a biological filler arrangement area which is arranged in two layers, wherein the activated carbon biological filler is arranged in a first layer, and the MOF biological filler and the nitrogen-doped graphene biological filler are mixed in a ratio of 1: 1 proportion arranges in the second floor jointly, and the biofilm carrier reactor integrates the degree height, has avoided the confusion, the deposit and the loss of biofilm carrier in anaerobic digestion reaction zone. The temperature of the anaerobic digestion link is 55 ℃, the feeding mode of the system is batch feeding, the retention time is 30d, and the stirring speed of the system is 100 rpm. In the embodiment, the biofilm domestication, adaptability verification and reasonable arrangement of the biological filler can efficiently start and continuously strengthen the anaerobic digestion of the kitchen waste after the system is fed, and the treatment and recycling processes of the kitchen waste are completed.

A filler reaction system is used for strengthening anaerobic digestion of the concentrated sludge, the solid content of the concentrated sludge is 4.06%, and the proportion of volatile solids in the total solids is 55.23%. Three biological fillers after membrane hanging domestication are respectively and correspondingly arranged in three layers of biological filler arrangement areas, concentrated sludge serving as a processing object is fed into an anaerobic digestion reaction area in a semi-continuous mode, the temperature is set to be 37 ℃, the stirring speed is 150rpm, the retention time is 25d, anaerobic digestion is carried out, and the methane production lag period, the maximum methane production rate and the methane yield in the monitoring process are monitored.

Comparative example 1

The conventional packing reactor, namely the packing reactor formed by combining the conventional anaerobic digestion reactor with a biological packing bed, is adopted, the same packing types and the same using amounts, the same feeding matrixes and feeding modes, the same anaerobic digestion temperature, stirring speed and time are kept as in example 1, anaerobic digestion is carried out, and the methane production lag period, the maximum methane production rate and the methane yield in the process are monitored.

The experimental result shows that the methane production lag phase in the example 1 is 0.8d, which is shortened by 74.2 percent compared with the 3.1d of the comparative example 1; the maximum methane production rate and the methane production amount are 124.5mL/(g VS)_addD) compared with 76.1mL/(g VS) of comparative example 1_addD) 63.6% improvement, with a methane production of 364.2mL/g VS, a 30.8% increase over the 278.4mL/g VS of comparative example 1. These results fully illustrate the high efficiency performance and technical effectiveness of packed reaction systems in enhancing anaerobic digestion over conventional packed reactors.

The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.