阅读说明：本技术 用于空间缆索悬索桥吊索张拉的大角度调节装置及方法 (Large-angle adjusting device and method for tensioning suspension cable of spatial cable suspension bridge ) 是由 王晓明 祁泽中 陶沛 赵建领 汪帆 李鹏飞 薛园园 邹杰 李兆辉 王炳玉 黄春杨 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种用于空间缆索悬索桥吊索张拉的大角度调节装置及方法,包括吊索整形机构、吊索柔性接长杆、吊索导管、吊索张拉机构和吊索锚固机构；所述的吊索整形机构包括能够在移动导轨内移动的多个撑拉杆；所述的撑拉杆包括固定撑拉杆和活动撑拉杆；牵引钢丝绳收紧器上缠绕有牵引钢丝绳的一端,牵引钢丝绳的另一端固定在移动导轨的顶面上或者固定在移动导轨端部的挑臂上。本发明的装置使得在吊索张拉过程中,既可以保证吊索在耳板处不产生弯折,又可以保证吊索在吊索导管处不发生弯折且顺利穿入吊索导管,不影响吊索的使用寿命。(The invention provides a large-angle adjusting device and a method for tensioning a sling of a spatial cable suspension bridge, which comprises a sling shaping mechanism, a sling flexible extension bar, a sling guide pipe, a sling tensioning mechanism and a sling anchoring mechanism, wherein the sling shaping mechanism is arranged on the sling guide pipe; the sling shaping mechanism comprises a plurality of stay rods which can move in the moving guide rail; the support pull rod comprises a fixed support pull rod and a movable support pull rod; one end of the traction steel wire rope is wound on the traction steel wire rope tightener, and the other end of the traction steel wire rope is fixed on the top surface of the movable guide rail or on a cantilever arm at the end part of the movable guide rail. The device of the invention can ensure that the sling does not bend at the ear plate and can also ensure that the sling does not bend at the sling guide pipe and smoothly penetrates into the sling guide pipe during the tensioning process of the sling, and the service life of the sling is not influenced.)

1. A large-angle adjusting device for tensioning a sling of a spatial cable suspension bridge is characterized by comprising a sling shaping mechanism (1), a sling flexible extension bar (2), a sling guide pipe (3), a sling tensioning mechanism (4) and a sling anchoring mechanism (5);

the sling shaping mechanism (1) comprises a working platform (101), a movable guide rail (102) is fixedly arranged on the working platform (101) along the long axis direction, a plurality of stay rods (103) are arranged in the movable guide rail (102), and the stay rods (103) can move in the movable guide rail (102);

the support pull rod (103) comprises a fixed support pull rod (10301) and a movable support pull rod (10302), the bottom end of the movable support pull rod (10302) is telescopically arranged in the top end of the fixed support pull rod (10301), the top end of the movable support pull rod (10302) is fixedly provided with a fixed pulley (10303), the fixed pulley (10303) is provided with a detachable pulley (10304), and a cavity between the detachable pulley (10304) and the fixed pulley (10304) is a sling passing cavity (10305);

the bottom ends of the fixed stay pull rods (10301) are rotatably mounted on a movable seat (10306), a first driving motor (10307) is mounted on the movable seat (10306), the first driving motor (10307) drives a movable gear (10308) mounted at the bottom of the movable seat (10306) to rotate, a rack (104) is mounted in the movable guide rail (102), and the movable gear (10308) is matched with the rack (104) to enable the plurality of stay pull rods (103) to move in the movable guide rail (102);

a pair of second driving motors (10309) is arranged on the outer wall of the top end of the fixed stay rod (10301), movable stay rod control gears (10310) are mounted on rotating shafts of the second driving motors (10309), and the movable stay rod control gears (10310) are assembled in rack grooves (10311) formed in the side walls of the movable stay rods (10302) to drive the movable stay rods (10302) to stretch;

a pair of third driving motors (105) is further arranged on the outer wall of the front end of the fixed stay rod (10301), a traction steel wire rope tightener (106) is installed on a rotating shaft of each third driving motor (105), one end of a traction steel wire rope (107) is wound on each traction steel wire rope tightener (106), and the other end of each traction steel wire rope (107) is fixed on the top surface of the corresponding movable guide rail (102) or on a cantilever arm (108) at the end part of the corresponding movable guide rail (102);

a plurality of ballast water tanks (109) are uniformly distributed on the working platform (101) at the two sides of the movable guide rail (102); the bottom of the working platform (101) is provided with a bearing beam (110), the bottom of the bearing beam (110) is provided with a bearing tray (111), two ends of the bearing beam (110) in the long axis direction are respectively provided with a fixed steel wire rope tensioner (112), one end of a fixed steel wire rope (113) is wound on the fixed steel wire rope tensioner (112), and the other end of the fixed steel wire rope (113) is connected with fixed drag hooks (114) which can be installed on two sides of a bridge deck of the box girder (6);

the sling flexible extension bar (2) comprises a semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201), the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201) comprises a plurality of threaded steel bar sections (20101), and two adjacent threaded steel bar sections (20101) are connected through a first universal hinge (20102); one end of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201) is connected with a drop-shaped anchor cup (8) at the anchoring end of the sling (7) through a second universal hinge (202), and the other end of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201) is connected with one end of a flexible steel wire rope extension bar (204) through a third universal hinge (203);

the sling tensioning mechanism (4) comprises a jack tensioning pedestal (401), the bottom end of the sling guide pipe (3) is placed on the top end of the jack tensioning pedestal (401), a winch (402) is installed at the bottom end of the jack tensioning pedestal (401), and the other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod (204) penetrates through the sling guide pipe (3) and is wound on the winch (402);

the sling anchoring mechanism (5) comprises a temporary anchoring nut (501) for temporarily anchoring the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension rod (201) and a permanent anchoring nut (502) for permanently anchoring the drop-shaped anchor cup (8).

2. The large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge is characterized in that the suspension cable guide pipe (3) comprises a reducer pipe (301) which is reduced from the top end to the bottom end, the bottom end of the reducer pipe (301) is communicated with the top end of an equal-diameter pipe (302), and the bottom end of the equal-diameter pipe (302) is open and is provided with an anchor backing plate (303).

3. The large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the sling of the spatial cable suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jack tensioning pedestal (401) comprises a pair of base plates (40101), the base plates (40101) are fixedly connected through a stay bar (40102), and the base plate (40101) is provided with a first through hole (40103) through which the semi-rigid and semi-flexible long rod (201) and the drop-shaped anchor cup (8) can pass.

4. The large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the sling of the spatial cable suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the winch (402) comprises a tensioning seat (40201) fixedly installed at the bottom of the tensioning pedestal (401) of the jack, and the tensioning seat (40201) is provided with a second through hole (40202) for allowing the flexible steel wire rope extension rod (204) to pass through; a pair of supporting plates (40203) is vertically arranged at the bottom of the tensioning seat (40201), and a pair of draw rods (40204) which can rotate under the drive of a fourth drive motor is mounted on the pair of supporting plates (40203).

5. The large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge is characterized in that a traction gear (40205) is arranged at the end part of the traction rod (40204) extending out of the outer side wall of the supporting plate (40203), and a one-way locking device (40206) matched with the traction gear (40205) is further arranged on the outer side wall of the supporting plate (40203).

6. The wide angle adjusting device for the sling tensioning of a spatial cable suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temporary anchor nut (501) comprises a primary anchor nut (50101) and a secondary anchor nut (50102) which are integrally formed.

7. The large angle adjusting device for tensioning the sling of the spatial cable suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permanent anchor nut (502) comprises a first fixing petal (50201) and a second fixing petal (50202), a water drop half cavity (50203) for accommodating a water drop-shaped anchor cup (8) is respectively arranged at the inner sides of the first water fixing petal (50201) and the second fixing petal (50202), and the first fixing petal (50201) and the second fixing petal (50202) are spliced and locked through a constraint nut (50204).

8. The large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the sling of the spatial cable suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rectangular opening (20103) for increasing the rotation angle of the first universal hinge (20102) is formed at the end of the threaded steel rod segment (20101).

9. The large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working platform (101) is further provided with a shaping controller (115), and the shaping controller (115) is respectively connected with the first driving motor (10307), the second driving motor (10309) and the third driving motor (105).

10. A large angle adjusting method for tensioning suspension ropes of a space cable suspension bridge, which is characterized by adopting the large angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension ropes of the space cable suspension bridge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9;

the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a sling flexible extension bar (2) is arranged at a drop-shaped anchor cup (8) at the anchoring end of a sling (7) and used for tensioning the sling;

secondly, a sling tensioning mechanism (4) is arranged at the bottom end of the sling guide pipe (3);

thirdly, the other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod (204) of the sling flexible extension rod (2) penetrates through the sling guide pipe (3) and is wound on a winch (402) in the sling tensioning mechanism (4); starting the winch (402), winding the flexible steel wire rope extension rod (204) by the winch (402), and moving the flexible steel wire rope extension rod (204) to the sling guide pipe (3) by tightening the traction sling (7) until the flexible steel wire rope extension rod (204) is completely wound by the winch (402);

fourthly, installing a sling shaping mechanism (1), positioning the sling shaping mechanism (1) on a bridge deck of the box girder (6), adjusting the height of a bearing tray (111) to enable the bearing tray to be tightly attached to the bridge deck, injecting water into a ballast water tank (109), installing fixed drag hooks (114) on two sides of the bridge deck of the box girder (6) and connecting fixed steel wire ropes (113), rotating a fixed steel wire rope tensioner (112) to tension the fixed steel wire ropes (113), and enabling the sling shaping mechanism (1) not to displace in the transverse bridge direction of the box girder (6) in the shaping process;

step five, starting the sling shaping mechanism (1), realizing the movement of the stay rod (103) along the movable guide rail (102) by controlling the rotation of the first driving motor (10307), realizing the extension and retraction of the movable stay rod (10302) by controlling the rotation of the second driving motor (10309), and realizing the retraction and extension of the traction steel wire rope (107) by controlling the rotation of the third driving motor (105), so that the included angle between the connecting line of the lower anchoring end of the sling (7) and the top end of the stay rod (103) and the axis of the sling guide pipe (3) is always kept in the allowable included angle range in the tensioning process of the sling (7);

installing a tensioning jack in a jack tensioning pedestal (401), starting the tensioning jack, enabling a tensioning jack clamping piece to clamp a semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201), removing a flexible steel wire rope extension bar (204) and a winch (402), and installing the winch (402) in other sling tensioning mechanisms (4) to perform initial tensioning on the sling (7);

step seven, a hydraulic oil pump is started to supply oil to a tensioning jack, and the tensioning jack pulls a semi-rigid semi-flexible extension bar (201) to stretch a sling (7) until the sling force is set;

step eight, installing a temporary anchoring nut (501) on the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201) to temporarily anchor the sling (7), removing the sling tensioning mechanism (4) to tension other slings (7), and repeating the process until the sling (7) is tensioned to a bridge forming state;

and step nine, mounting a permanent anchoring nut (502) on the drop-shaped anchor cup (8), and removing the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar (201), the sling tensioning mechanism (4) and the sling shaping mechanism (1).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of road bridges, relates to a space cable suspension bridge, and particularly relates to a large-angle adjusting device and method for tensioning a sling of the space cable suspension bridge.

Background

The conventional suspension bridge is generally a plane cable-type ground-anchored suspension bridge, and comprises a main cable, a sling, a stiffening beam, a main tower and a main cable anchoring member. The main cable and the suspension cables are located in the same vertical plane to form a cable surface, namely the main cable only has vertical sag but no transverse sag, and all the suspension cables are vertically hung without transverse bridge inclination angles, so that the traditional suspension bridge is usually composed of two parallel cable surfaces. The traditional suspension bridge adopts hoisting construction, namely a method of cable first and beam second, and comprises the following steps: firstly, erecting a main cable on a catwalk, wherein the shape of the main cable is called as a hollow cable shape; secondly, a sling cable clamp is arranged on the main cable; thirdly, a sling is installed, and the upper end of the sling is connected with a cable clamp; hoisting the stiffening beam, hoisting the beam sections of the stiffening beam at the lower end of the sling until all the beam sections are hoisted, and temporarily hinging the beam sections at the moment; fifthly, adjusting the line shape of the stiffening beam and welding the stiffening beam into a whole; sixthly, paving and dismantling the catwalk in the second stage.

Because the main cable and the sling of the traditional suspension bridge are positioned in the same vertical plane, in the hoisting construction process, the installation of the sling cable clamp does not need to consider the inclination angle in the transverse bridge direction, and the sling cable clamp can be directly vertically positioned in the cable surface.

Compared with the traditional suspension bridge, the spatial cable suspension bridge has the following maximum characteristics: the face that main push-towing rope and hoist cable formed is a space curved surface, and the main push-towing rope not only has vertical sag but also horizontal sag, and the horizontal bridge of hoist cable is from last to outer slope and inclination diverse down.

The hoisting construction of the space cable suspension bridge has the advantages that: the main cable is pulled open to a certain degree by the transverse bridge inclined slings of the spatial cable suspension bridge, the slings and the main cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge have directional force, the transverse bridge inclined slings and the stiffening beam form a stable triangle, and the transverse bridge horizontal component in each pair of inclined slings clamps the stiffening beam, so that the main beam has restoring force similar to pendulum, thereby improving the overall torsional rigidity. The space cable suspension bridge has the advantages of superior dynamic performance, strong wind resistance, beautiful line shape and novel shape, and is more and more favored by people.

The space cable suspension bridge can be divided into an earth anchor type and a self-anchor type according to different anchoring forms.

For the spatial cable ground-anchored suspension bridge, the construction method can be constructed according to the 'cable first and beam second' construction method of the planar cable ground-anchored suspension bridge.

For a space cable self-anchored suspension bridge, the traditional construction method is 'beam first and cable second', namely, a support is erected → a main beam is erected on the support → a main cable is erected, and two ends of the main cable are anchored at the beam end → a tensioning sling → second-stage pavement → the support is dismantled.

For a spatial cable suspension bridge, the following problems to be solved can be solved by adopting a 'beam first and cable second' method: the empty cable after the main cable is erected is in a plane cable shape, namely only vertical sag and no transverse sag exist, and the position of the empty cable in the bridge forming state is greatly different from that of a space cable in the transverse bridge position. Therefore, the connecting line of the upper and lower lifting points of the sling inevitably generates a transverse included angle with the axial line of the sling pipe of the anchor box or the axial line of the sling plate of the cable clamp in construction, when the angle is larger than the limit value, the sling can be seriously bent at the upper end (the sling plate of the cable clamp) or the lower end (the sling pipe of the anchor box), the service life of the sling and the cable clamp is shortened, and even the sling and the cable clamp can not be inserted for installation.

For a space cable suspension bridge constructed by adopting a 'beam first and cable second' method, the existing solutions include a temporary sling method, a temporary cross bracing method and the like. The temporary sling method is characterized in that a temporary sling is adopted to transversely outwards open an empty cable, so that the empty cable is linear and is close to a bridge forming line in a transverse bridge, then a sling cable clamp is installed, the procedures of tensioning the sling and the like are carried out, and the temporary sling is removed after the second-stage pavement. The upper end of the temporary sling is connected with a temporary sling cable clamp of the main cable, and the lower end of the temporary sling is fixed on the constructed main beam. The process of the temporary cross bracing method is basically consistent with that of the temporary sling method, but the temporary cross bracing method adopts rigid cross bracing to brace the empty cable.

The temporary sling method needs to perform temporary anchoring support on the top surface of the beam, and needs to continuously adjust the tension force of the temporary sling in the sling tensioning process so as to adapt to the main cable line shape of permanent sling tensioning. The installation and the dismantlement of interim stull need large-scale hoist and mount machinery, and the main push-towing rope need adopt large-scale hoist engine to drag the main push-towing rope at the tensile in-process that is close to the bridging state, and large-scale hoist engine is expensive and only be applicable to the tensile later stage of main push-towing rope and do not have other effects, and interim stull method adopts a plurality of stulls to strut the main push-towing rope, and the stull will bear huge axial pressure and horizontal force simultaneously, and the overall stability of structure is not good under the empty cable state.

According to the construction processes of the two methods, the two methods solve the problems existing in the sling tensioning process of the spatial self-anchored suspension bridge by adjusting the spatial line shape of the main cable, but the construction process for solving the problems existing in the sling tensioning process of the spatial self-anchored suspension bridge based on adjusting the sling does not exist in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a large-angle adjusting device and method for tensioning a sling of a spatial cable suspension bridge, so as to solve the technical problem that the service life of the sling is influenced based on a method for adjusting a main cable in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a large-angle adjusting device for tensioning a sling of a spatial cable suspension bridge comprises a sling shaping mechanism, a sling flexible extension bar, a sling guide pipe, a sling tensioning mechanism and a sling anchoring mechanism;

the sling shaping mechanism comprises a working platform, a movable guide rail is fixedly arranged on the working platform along the long axis direction, a plurality of stay rods are arranged in the movable guide rail, and the stay rods can move in the movable guide rail;

the supporting pull rod comprises a fixed supporting pull rod and a movable supporting pull rod, the bottom end of the movable supporting pull rod is telescopically arranged in the top end of the fixed supporting pull rod, a fixed pulley is fixedly arranged at the top end of the movable supporting pull rod, a detachable pulley is arranged on the fixed pulley, and a cavity between the detachable pulley and the fixed pulley is a sling passing cavity;

the bottom ends of the fixed stay rods are rotatably arranged on the movable seat, a first driving motor is arranged on the movable seat, the first driving motor drives a movable gear arranged at the bottom of the movable seat to rotate, a rack is arranged in the movable guide rail, and the movable gear is matched with the rack to ensure that the stay rods can move in the movable guide rail;

a pair of second driving motors is arranged on the outer wall of the top end of the fixed stay rod, a rotating shaft of each second driving motor is provided with a movable stay rod control gear, and the movable stay rod control gears are assembled in rack grooves formed in the side walls of the movable stay rods to drive the movable stay rods to stretch;

a pair of third driving motors is further arranged on the outer wall of the front end of the fixed stay rod, a traction steel wire rope tightener is mounted on a rotating shaft of each third driving motor, one end of a traction steel wire rope is wound on each traction steel wire rope tightener, and the other end of each traction steel wire rope is fixed on the top surface of the corresponding movable guide rail or on a cantilever at the end part of the corresponding movable guide rail;

a plurality of ballast water tanks are uniformly distributed on the working platforms on the two sides of the movable guide rail; the bottom of the working platform is provided with a bearing beam, the bottom of the bearing beam is provided with a bearing tray, two ends of the bearing beam in the long axis direction are respectively provided with a fixed steel wire rope strainer, one end of a fixed steel wire rope is wound on the fixed steel wire rope strainer, and the other end of the fixed steel wire rope is connected with fixed drag hooks which can be installed on two sides of a bridge deck of the box girder;

the sling flexible extension bar comprises a semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar, the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar comprises a plurality of screw-thread steel bar sections, and two adjacent screw-thread steel bar sections are connected through a first universal hinge; one end of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar is connected with a drop-shaped anchor cup at the anchoring end of the sling through a second universal hinge, and the other end of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar is connected with one end of the flexible steel wire rope extension bar through a third universal hinge;

the sling tensioning mechanism comprises a jack tensioning pedestal, the top end of the jack tensioning pedestal is provided with the bottom end of a sling guide pipe, the bottom end of the jack tensioning pedestal is provided with a winch, and the other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod penetrates through the sling guide pipe and is wound on the winch;

the sling anchoring mechanism comprises a temporary anchoring nut for temporarily anchoring the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar and a permanent anchoring nut for permanently anchoring the drop-shaped anchor cup.

The invention also has the following technical characteristics:

the sling guide pipe comprises a reducer pipe which is reduced from the top end to the bottom end, the bottom end of the reducer pipe is communicated with the top end of the constant-diameter pipe, and the bottom end of the constant-diameter pipe is open and is provided with an anchor backing plate.

Jack stretch-draw pedestal include a pair of backing plate, link to each other through the vaulting pole is fixed between a pair of backing plate, set up on the backing plate and to make half just gentle extension bar and the first through-hole that drop-shaped anchor cup passes through.

The winch comprises a tensioning seat fixedly installed at the bottom of the tensioning pedestal of the jack, and a second through hole through which the flexible steel wire rope extension rod can pass is formed in the tensioning seat; and a pair of supporting plates is vertically arranged at the bottom of the tensioning seat, and a pair of traction rods which can rotate under the drive of a fourth drive motor are arranged on the pair of supporting plates.

The end part of the traction rod extending out of the outer side wall of the support plate is provided with a traction gear, and the outer side wall of the support plate is also provided with a one-way locker matched with the traction gear.

The temporary anchoring nut comprises a main anchoring nut and a secondary anchoring nut which are integrally formed.

The permanent anchor nut comprises a first fixing flap and a second fixing flap, water drop half cavities used for containing the water drop-shaped anchor cup are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the first water fixing flap and the second fixing flap, and the first fixing flap and the second fixing flap are spliced and then locked through a constraint nut.

The end part of the threaded steel rod section is provided with a rectangular opening for increasing the rotation angle of the first universal hinge.

The working platform is also provided with a shaping controller, and the shaping controller is respectively connected with the first driving motor, the second driving motor and the third driving motor.

The invention also discloses a large-angle adjusting method for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge, which adopts the large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge;

the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, mounting a sling flexible extension bar at a drop-shaped anchor cup at the anchoring end of a sling for tensioning the sling;

secondly, a sling tensioning mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the sling guide pipe;

thirdly, the other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod of the sling flexible extension rod penetrates through the sling guide pipe and is wound on a winch in the sling tensioning mechanism; starting the winch, winding the flexible steel wire rope extension rod by the winch, and tightening the traction sling by the flexible steel wire rope extension rod to move towards the sling pipe until the flexible steel wire rope extension rod is completely wound by the winch;

fourthly, installing a sling shaping mechanism, positioning the sling shaping mechanism on the bridge deck of the box girder, adjusting the height of the bearing tray to enable the bearing tray to be tightly attached to the bridge deck, injecting water into the ballast water tank, installing fixed drag hooks on two sides of the bridge deck of the box girder and connecting the fixed steel wire ropes, and rotating the fixed steel wire rope tensioner to tighten the fixed steel wire ropes so that the sling shaping mechanism does not displace in the transverse bridge direction of the box girder in the shaping process;

step five, starting a sling shaping mechanism, realizing the movement of the stay rod along the movable guide rail by controlling the rotation of a first driving motor, realizing the extension and contraction of a movable stay rod by controlling the rotation of a second driving motor, and realizing the retraction and release of a traction steel wire rope by controlling the rotation of a third driving motor, thereby realizing that the included angle between the connecting line of the lower anchoring end of the sling and the top end of the stay rod and the axis of the sling guide pipe is always kept in the allowable included angle range in the sling tensioning process;

installing a tensioning jack in a jack tensioning pedestal, starting the tensioning jack, enabling a clamping piece of the tensioning jack to clamp a semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar, removing a flexible steel wire rope extension bar and a winch, and installing the winch in other sling tensioning mechanisms to perform initial tensioning on the sling;

step seven, starting a hydraulic oil pump to supply oil to a tensioning jack, and pulling a semi-rigid semi-flexible long rod by the tensioning jack to stretch a sling until the sling force of the sling is set;

step eight, mounting a temporary anchoring nut on the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar to temporarily anchor the sling, removing the sling tensioning mechanism to tension other slings, and repeating the process until the sling is tensioned to a bridge forming state;

and step nine, mounting a permanent anchoring nut on the drop-shaped anchor cup, and removing the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar, the sling tensioning mechanism and the sling shaping mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the device has the advantages of stable structure, clear stress of the components and convenient erection and operation processes. The sling shaping mechanism can be effectively matched with the sling flexible extension bar and the horn-shaped sling guide pipe, so that the sling can smoothly enter the sling guide pipe to reasonably stretch the sling. The device of the invention can ensure that the sling does not bend at the ear plate and can also ensure that the sling does not bend at the sling guide pipe and smoothly penetrates into the sling guide pipe during the tensioning process of the sling, and the service life of the sling is not influenced.

The sling shaping mechanism of the invention can make the whole sling form a larger bending angle by shaping the sling in a large range, and make the sling penetrate into the sling guide pipe within an allowable range at an included angle between the sling and the axis of the sling guide pipe within a small-angle bending range within a unit length range of the sling to finish tensioning of the sling, thereby avoiding the serious bending of the sling at the sling guide pipe to influence the service life of the sling.

Compared with the conventional rigid extension bar, the flexible extension bar has strong small-range bending capability, so that the extension bar can be bent at a large angle at the position of the sling rope guide pipe to effectively adapt to the included angle between the sling rope and the axis of the sling rope guide pipe in the tensioning process, and the serious bending of permanent sling ropes in the tensioning process is avoided.

The flexible steel wire rope extension rod has high flexibility and extremely strong bending capability, and can effectively adapt to a large bending angle; the flexibility of the steel wire rope enables the steel wire rope to be collected by a take-up device after tensioning, and aiming at large displacement in the initial tensioning stage, the rigid extension bar can be tensioned in a smaller tensioning space after being tensioned, the flexible steel wire rope extension bar can effectively avoid the problem, so that the requirement for the tensioning space is reduced by tensioning in the smaller tensioning space, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.

The semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar is connected with the flexible steel wire rope extension bar through a spherical universal hinge, and after the steel wire rope is tensioned by the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar after the tensioning effect is finished, the flexible steel wire rope extension bar can be easily disassembled for tensioning other slings, so that the flexible steel wire rope extension bar and the flexible steel wire rope extension bar tensioning mechanism can be repeatedly used, and the construction cost is effectively reduced; the flexible steel wire rope extension rod is connected with the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension rod through the spherical universal hinge, the spherical universal hinge can rotate in multiple directions, so that when the flexible steel wire rope extension rod is connected with the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension rod, the phenomenon that a bolt rod is screwed into an inner thread hole of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension rod is influenced by the anti-twisting action of a steel wire rope during bolting is avoided, and meanwhile, the free rotation of the universal hinge avoids the phenomenon that a threaded rod is separated due to the twisting action of the steel wire rope during the tensioning process of a sling, so that the sling and the flexible steel wire rope extension rod are suddenly cracked, and the safety of the sling tensioning process and the tensioning process are influenced; the multi-section threaded steel rod which is connected by the universal hinge and is adopted by the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension rod can be freely bent in a large angle in a small range, so that excessive bending of a sling entering a sling guide pipe is avoided, and the service life of the sling is shortened.

(IV) the flexible steel wire rope extension rod of the sling tensioning mechanism is tensioned and collected by a winch, so that the tensioning space can be effectively reduced, and the construction cost can be reduced; the winch can be detached for tensioning other slings after the flexible steel wire rope extension rod plays a role, can be repeatedly used for many times, and reduces the construction cost.

(V) compared with the conventional cylindrical sling conduit, the trumpet-shaped sling conduit of the invention can enable the sling to have larger variation of the transverse inclination angle to adapt to the transverse included angle between the sling and the sling in a bridge forming state in the tensioning process, and the camber angle of the trumpet-shaped sling conduit is gradually reduced from the end close to the bridge deck to the anchoring end of the sling, and the variation trend is consistent with the variation of the transverse included angle between the sling and the sling in a bridge forming state in the tensioning process, so that the trumpet-shaped sling conduit can effectively adapt to the transverse included angle between the sling and the sling in a bridge forming state in the tensioning process of the space cable-shaped suspension bridge.

(VI) in the anchoring mechanism of the invention, the permanent anchoring nut can perfectly wrap the drop-shaped anchor cup to achieve the purpose of permanent anchoring; the secondary anchoring nut of the temporary anchoring nut has a limiting function and can effectively match discontinuity of the thread surface of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension rod so as to achieve the purpose of reliable anchoring.

(VII) the drop-shaped anchor cup can freely rotate in the cross-section of the transverse bridge along with the deviation of the sling in the sling guide pipe, so that the sling is prevented from being bent locally at the anchor cup, and the drop-shaped anchor cup is smooth in periphery, so that the problems of abrasion of the external thread of the anchor cup and scratch of the sling guide pipe in the process that the anchor cup penetrates into the sling guide pipe can be effectively avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge.

Fig. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of another view angle of the large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the suspension cable of the spatial cable suspension bridge.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall construction of the sling-shaping mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the stay bar.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the stay rod in a contracted state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the working platform.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a load beam.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the sling flexible extension bar.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the part of the sling flexible extension bar.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the sling tube.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of a sling tensioning mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the assembly of the sling guide tube and sling tensioning mechanism.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the construction of the sling anchoring mechanism.

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the permanent anchor nut.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the shaping effect of the main plane of the sling after being shaped by the sling shaping mechanism.

The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-sling shaping mechanism, 2-sling flexible extension bar, 3-sling guide pipe, 4-sling tensioning mechanism, 5-sling anchoring mechanism, 6-box beam, 7-sling, 8-drop-shaped anchor cup and 9-main cable;

101-a working platform, 102-a movable guide rail, 103-a support pull rod, 104-a rack, 105-a third driving motor, 106-a traction steel wire rope tightener, 107-a traction steel wire rope, 108-a cantilever arm, 109-a ballast water tank, 110-a bearing beam, 111-a bearing tray, 112-a fixed steel wire rope tightener, 113-a fixed steel wire rope, 114-a fixed drag hook and 115-a shaping controller;

10301-fixed stay bar, 10302-movable stay bar, 10303-fixed pulley, 10304-detachable pulley, 10305-sling through cavity, 10306-moving seat, 10307-first driving motor, 10308-moving gear, 10309-second driving motor, 10310-movable stay bar control gear, 10311-rack groove;

201-half rigid and half flexible extension bar, 202-second universal hinge, 203-third universal hinge, 204-flexible steel wire rope extension bar; 20101-a threaded steel rod segment, 20102-a first universal hinge, 20103-a rectangular opening;

301-reducing pipe, 302-reducing pipe and 303-anchor backing plate;

401-jack tensioning stand, 402-winch, 403-groove; 40101-backing plate, 40102-stay bar, 40103-first through hole; 40201-a tension seat, 40202-a second through hole, 40203-a support plate, 40204-a traction rod, 40205-a traction gear and 40206-a one-way locker;

501-temporary anchoring nut, 502-permanent anchoring nut; 50101-primary anchor nut, 50102-secondary anchor nut; 50201, a first fixed valve, 50202, a second fixed valve, 50203, a water drop half cavity and 50204, a constraint nut.

The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that all parts or devices of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are intended to be covered by the present invention as if they were all known in the art.

The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides a large-angle adjusting device for tensioning a sling of a spatial cable suspension bridge, which comprises a sling shaping mechanism 1, a sling flexible extension bar 2, a sling guide pipe 3, a sling tensioning mechanism 4 and a sling anchoring mechanism 5, as shown in fig. 1 to 14;

the sling shaping mechanism 1 comprises a working platform 101, a movable guide rail 102 is fixedly arranged on the working platform 101 along the long axis direction, a plurality of stay rods 103 are arranged in the movable guide rail 102, and the stay rods 103 can move in the movable guide rail 102;

the stay rod 103 comprises a fixed stay rod 10301 and a movable stay rod 10302, the bottom end of the movable stay rod 10302 is telescopically mounted in the top end of the fixed stay rod 10301, the top end of the movable stay rod 10302 is fixedly provided with a fixed pulley 10303, the fixed pulley 10303 is provided with a detachable pulley 10304, and a cavity between the detachable pulley 10304 and the fixed pulley 10304 is a sling passing cavity 10305;

the bottom ends of the fixed stay bars 10301 are rotatably mounted on a movable seat 10306, a first driving motor 10307 is mounted on the movable seat 10306, the first driving motor 10307 drives a movable gear 10308 mounted at the bottom of the movable seat 10306 to rotate, a rack 104 is mounted in the movable guide rail 102, and the movable gear 10308 is matched with the rack 104 to enable the plurality of stay bars 103 to move in the movable guide rail 102;

a pair of second driving motors 10309 are arranged on the outer wall of the top end of the fixed stay bar 10301, movable stay bar control gears 10310 are mounted on rotating shafts of the second driving motors 10309, and the movable stay bar control gears 10310 are assembled in rack grooves 10311 formed in the side walls of the movable stay bars 10302 to drive the movable stay bars 10302 to stretch and retract;

a pair of third driving motors 105 are further arranged on the outer wall of the front end of the fixed stay bar 10301, a traction wire rope tightener 106 is mounted on a rotating shaft of each third driving motor 105, one end of a traction wire rope 107 is wound on each traction wire rope tightener 106, and the other end of each traction wire rope 107 is fixed on the top surface of the movable guide rail 102 or on a cantilever arm 108 at the end part of the movable guide rail 102;

a plurality of ballast water tanks 109 are uniformly distributed on the working platform 101 at two sides of the movable guide rail 102; the bottom of the working platform 101 is provided with a bearing beam 110, the bottom of the bearing beam 110 is provided with a bearing tray 111, two ends of the bearing beam 110 in the long axis direction are respectively provided with a fixed steel wire rope tensioner 112, one end of a fixed steel wire rope 113 is wound on the fixed steel wire rope tensioner 112, and the other end of the fixed steel wire rope 113 is connected with fixed drag hooks 114 which can be installed on two sides of a bridge deck of the box girder 6;

the sling flexible extension bar 2 comprises a semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201, the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201 comprises a plurality of threaded steel bar sections 20101, and two adjacent threaded steel bar sections 20101 are connected through a first universal hinge 20102; one end of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201 is connected with the drop-shaped anchor cup 8 at the anchoring end of the sling 7 through a second universal hinge 202, and the other end of the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201 is connected with one end of a flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 through a third universal hinge 203;

the sling tensioning mechanism 4 comprises a jack tensioning pedestal 401, the bottom end of the sling guide pipe 3 is placed on the top end of the jack tensioning pedestal 401, a winch 402 is installed at the bottom end of the jack tensioning pedestal 401, and the other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod 204 penetrates through the sling guide pipe 3 and is wound on the winch 402;

the sling anchoring mechanism 5 comprises a temporary anchoring nut 501 for temporarily anchoring the semi-rigid semi-flexible extension bar 201 and a permanent anchoring nut 502 for permanently anchoring the drop-shaped anchor cup 8.

As a preferable mode of this embodiment, the sling guide tube 3 includes a reducing tube 301 that is tapered from the top end to the bottom end, the bottom end of the reducing tube 301 communicates with the top end of the equal-diameter tube 302, and the bottom end of the equal-diameter tube 302 is open and provided with an anchor pad 303. The top surface of the backing plate 40101 on the top of the jack tensioning pedestal 401 is provided with a groove 403 for placing the anchor backing plate 303, so as to increase the stability.

As a preferred scheme of this embodiment, jack stretch-draw pedestal 401 includes a pair of backing plate 40101, and through vaulting pole 40102 fixed the linking between a pair of backing plate 40101, set up on the backing plate 40101 and can make half just gentle stock 201 and the first through-hole 40103 that drop-shaped anchor cup 8 passes through. The jack tensioning pedestal 401 is used for installing a jack and tensioning the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201 until the drop-shaped anchor cup 8 enters the jack tensioning pedestal 401.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the winch 402 includes a tensioning seat 40201 fixedly installed at the bottom of the jack tensioning pedestal 401, and the tensioning seat 40201 is provided with a second through hole 40202 through which the flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 can pass; a pair of supporting plates 40203 are vertically arranged at the bottom of the tensioning seat 40201, and a pair of draw rods 40204 which can rotate under the driving of a fourth driving motor are mounted on the pair of supporting plates 40203. The other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod 204 is wound on the traction rod 40204, and the rotation of the traction rod 40204 realizes the tension of the flexible steel wire rope extension rod 204.

Further preferably, a traction gear 40205 is mounted at the end of the traction rod 40204 extending out of the outer side wall of the support plate 40203, and a one-way lock 40206 matched with the traction gear 40205 is further mounted on the outer side wall of the support plate 40203. During the operation of the winch 402, when the sling 7 stops stretching, the one-way lock 40206 can lock the traction gear 40205 for temporary anchoring, and the fourth drive motor is removed for stretching of other slings 7.

As a preferable aspect of the present embodiment, the temporary anchor nut 501 includes a primary anchor nut 50101 and a secondary anchor nut 50102 which are integrally provided.

As a preferable aspect of this embodiment, the permanent anchor nut 502 includes a first stationary lobe 50201 and a second stationary lobe 50202, a water drop half-cavity 50203 for receiving the water drop-shaped anchor cup 8 is respectively provided inside the first water stationary lobe 50201 and the second stationary lobe 50202, and the first stationary lobe 50201 and the second stationary lobe 50202 are engaged and locked by the constraint nut 50204.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the end of the threaded steel rod section 20101 is opened with a rectangular opening 20103 for increasing the rotation angle of the first universal hinge 20102.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the work platform 101 is further provided with a shaping controller 115, and the shaping controller 115 is connected to the first driving motor 10307, the second driving motor 10309, and the third driving motor 105, respectively. The shaping controller 115 can realize automatic control, the shaping data is obtained based on the geometric parameters of the sling 7, the shaping parameters are input into the shaping controller 115, then the shaping process is started, and the sling shaping mechanism 1 starts the sling shaping process under the control of the shaping controller 115. By adopting computer control, errors and labor cost caused by manual control can be effectively avoided, and the construction cost can be effectively reduced.

Specifically, the working process of the cable shaping mechanism 1 is as follows: the first driving motor 10307 is controlled to rotate, the first driving motor 10307 drives the moving gear 10308 to rotate, and the moving gear 10308 is meshed with the rack 104 in the moving guide rail 102, so that the moving seat 10306 moves in the moving guide rail 102, and the movement of the stay rod 103 along the moving guide rail 102 is realized. The rotation of the second driving motor 10309 is controlled, the second driving motor 10309 drives the movable stay bar control gear 10310 to rotate, the movable stay bar control gear 10310 is meshed with a rack groove 10311 formed in the side wall of the movable stay bar 10302, and the movable stay bar 10302 is driven to stretch, so that the stretching of the stay bar 103 is realized. The rotation of the third driving motor 105 is controlled, the third driving motor 105 drives the traction wire rope tightener 106 to rotate, and the traction wire rope tightener 106 tightens the traction wire rope 107, thereby realizing the traction of the stay rod 103.

Example 2:

the embodiment provides a large-angle adjusting method for tensioning a sling of a spatial cable suspension bridge, which adopts the large-angle adjusting device for tensioning the sling of the spatial cable suspension bridge in the embodiment 1;

the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a sling flexible extension bar 2 is arranged at a drop-shaped anchor cup 8 at the anchoring end of a sling 7 for tensioning the sling;

secondly, a sling tensioning mechanism 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the sling guide pipe 3;

thirdly, the other end of the flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 of the sling flexible extension bar 2 passes through the sling conduit 3 and is wound on a winch 402 in the sling tensioning mechanism 4; starting the winch 402, winding the flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 by the winch 402, and moving the traction sling 7 to the sling guide pipe 3 by the flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 in a tightening way until the flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 is completely wound by the winch 402;

fourthly, installing the sling shaping mechanism 1, positioning the sling shaping mechanism 1 on a bridge deck of the box girder 6, adjusting the height of the bearing tray 111 to enable the bearing tray to be tightly attached to the bridge deck, injecting water into the ballast water tank 109, installing fixed drag hooks 114 on two sides of the bridge deck of the box girder 6 and connecting the fixed drag hooks with fixed steel wire ropes 113, rotating the fixed steel wire rope tensioner 112 to tighten the fixed steel wire ropes 113, and enabling the sling shaping mechanism 1 not to displace in the transverse bridge direction of the box girder 6 in the shaping process;

step five, starting the sling shaping mechanism 1, realizing the movement of the stay rod 103 along the movable guide rail 102 by controlling the rotation of the first driving motor 10307, realizing the extension and retraction of the movable stay rod 10302 by controlling the rotation of the second driving motor 10309, and realizing the retraction and extension of the traction steel wire rope 107 by controlling the rotation of the third driving motor 105, so that the included angle between the connecting line of the lower anchoring end of the sling 7 and the top end of the stay rod 103 and the axis of the sling conduit 3 is always kept within the allowed included angle range in the tensioning process of the sling 7;

installing a tensioning jack in a jack tensioning pedestal 401, starting the tensioning jack, enabling a tensioning jack clamping piece to clamp the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201, removing the flexible steel wire rope extension bar 204 and the winch 402, and installing the winch 402 in other sling tensioning mechanisms 4 to perform initial tensioning on the sling 7;

step seven, starting a hydraulic oil pump to supply oil to a tensioning jack, and pulling the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201 by the tensioning jack to stretch the sling 7 until the sling force is set;

step eight, mounting a temporary anchoring nut 501 on the semi-rigid and semi-flexible extension bar 201 to temporarily anchor the sling 7, removing the sling tensioning mechanism 4 to tension other slings 7, and repeating the process until the sling 7 is tensioned to a bridge-forming state;

and step nine, mounting a permanent anchoring nut 502 on the drop-shaped anchor cup 8, and removing the semi-rigid semi-flexible extension rod 201, the sling tensioning mechanism 4 and the sling shaping mechanism 1.

The effects before and after shaping by adopting the device and the method of the invention are shown in figure 15, A represents the shape of a sling cable before shaping, B represents the shape of the sling cable after shaping, and alpha represents the included angle between the slings before and after shaping, and as can be seen from figure 15, the reasonable shape of the sling 7 in the tensioning process can be effectively ensured after shaping, and the damage of the sling caused by excessive shaping of the sling can be avoided.