阅读说明：本技术 下挂架体结构 (Lower hanging rack structure ) 是由 钟松杏 张阳川 林宇鹏 吴泽琛 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及建筑施工领域,尤其涉及一种下挂架体结构,其包括整体滑轨、固定滑轨、移动滑轨、驱动轮、驱动装置、推动装置,整体滑轨设置在整体平台桁架的下端面,整体滑轨朝向一侧延伸有第一固定板和第二固定板,第一固定板朝向第二固定板一面固定设置有固定滑轨,第二固定板朝向第一固定板一面设置有移动槽,移动槽内可移动地设置有移动滑轨,固定滑轨和移动滑轨上均沿整体滑轨长度方向设置有第一齿牙；驱动轮设置在固定滑轨和移动滑轨之间,驱动轮上设置有对应第一齿牙的第二齿牙；驱动轮与驱动装置传动连接；驱动轮沿移动滑轨宽度方向可移动并由推动装置推动。以上设置能够延长挂架移动距离,满足施工需求。(The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a lower hanger body structure which comprises an integral slide rail, a fixed slide rail, a movable slide rail, a driving wheel, a driving device and a pushing device, wherein the integral slide rail is arranged on the lower end surface of an integral platform truss; the driving wheel is arranged between the fixed slide rail and the movable slide rail, and second teeth corresponding to the first teeth are arranged on the driving wheel; the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driving device; the driving wheel is movable along the width direction of the movable slide rail and is pushed by the pushing device. The hanger moving distance can be prolonged by the aid of the arrangement, and construction requirements are met.)

1. A lower hanger body structure is arranged on the lower side of an integral platform truss and is characterized by comprising an integral slide rail, a fixed slide rail, a movable slide rail, a driving wheel, a driving device, a pushing device, a hanging rod and a hanger, wherein the integral slide rail is arranged on the lower end face of the integral platform truss, a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate extend towards one side of the integral slide rail, the first fixed plate is fixedly provided with the fixed slide rail towards the second fixed plate, the second fixed plate is provided with a movable groove towards the first fixed plate, the movable slide rail is movably arranged in the movable groove, and first teeth are arranged on the fixed slide rail and the movable slide rail along the length direction of the integral slide rail; the driving wheel is arranged between the fixed slide rail and the movable slide rail, and second teeth corresponding to the first teeth are arranged on the driving wheel; the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driving device; the driving wheel can move along the width direction of the movable sliding rail and is pushed by the pushing device; a hanging rod is arranged below the driving wheel, and the lower end of the hanging rod is connected with a hanging rack.

2. The bottom hanger body structure of claim 1, wherein said moving glide track has a width greater than a width of the fixed glide track.

3. The lower hanger body structure of claim 2, wherein the opposite surfaces of the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail are provided with limiting and fixing devices, and the driving wheel is matched with the limiting and fixing devices and used for controlling the fixing state of the movable sliding rail.

4. The bottom hanger body structure of claim 3, wherein said spacing fixture comprises a spacing toothed plate and a spacing spring; the movable sliding rail is hollow, a limiting opening is formed between adjacent first teeth of opposite surfaces of the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail, the limiting toothed plate is arranged in the movable sliding rail, and the teeth of the limiting toothed plate protrude out of the limiting opening; and a limiting spring is connected between the bottom of the limiting toothed plate and the second fixing plate.

5. The pylon body structure of claim 1 further comprising a i-shaped frame disposed on an underside of the unitary platform truss opposite a direction of travel of the moveable glide.

6. The pylon body structure of claim 1 wherein the drive wheel further has a pulley fixedly attached to a side of the integral glide track, the pulley abutting against a second fixed plate.

7. The pylon body structure of claim 1 wherein the integral slide rails are i-beams; the fixed slide rail, the movable slide rail, the driving wheel, the driving device and the pushing device are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the I-beam.

8. The pylon body structure of claim 1 further comprising a connecting plate disposed on a side of the drive wheel away from the integral slide rail, a lower end of the connecting plate being connected to the pylon.

9. The lower hanger body structure according to claim 1, wherein the hangers are all made of square steel tubes, and steel plate nets are further arranged on two sides of each hanger; the hanger is provided with a plurality of layers, and the hanger at the lowest layer is paved with a pattern steel plate.

10. The pylon body structure of claim 1 further comprising a hydraulic ram disposed at a lower end of the integral platform truss, the pylon extending to a position opposite the hydraulic ram.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a lower hanging rack body structure.

Background

In the construction process of the existing high-rise large building, the construction of a core tube structure is commonly realized by adopting a formwork system capable of self-climbing-a jacking platform. The jacking platform comprises a hanging rack connected below the jacking platform, the hanging rack serves as a construction providing operation platform, and the hanging rack needs to be close to a construction area during construction.

The thickness of the core tube shear wall is gradually reduced along with the increase of the structure height of the super high-rise core tube shear wall, and the hanging frame needs to move to be close to the core tube with the changed thickness; when the thickness change is too big, the migration distance of stores pylon will unable satisfy the requirement, and the relative construction area of stores pylon is apart from too big, can not carry out normal construction, can only reform transform through the stores pylon.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the lower hanging rack body structure can prolong the moving distance of the hanging rack and meet the construction requirements.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a lower hanger body structure is arranged on the lower side of an integral platform truss and comprises an integral slide rail, a fixed slide rail, a movable slide rail, a driving wheel, a driving device, a pushing device, a hanger rod and a hanger, wherein the integral slide rail is arranged on the lower end face of the integral platform truss; the driving wheel is arranged between the fixed slide rail and the movable slide rail, and second teeth corresponding to the first teeth are arranged on the driving wheel; the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driving device; the driving wheel can move along the width direction of the movable sliding rail and is pushed by the pushing device; a hanging rod is arranged below the driving wheel, and the lower end of the hanging rod is connected with a hanging rack.

Further, the width of the movable slide rail is larger than that of the fixed slide rail.

Furthermore, a limiting fixing device is arranged on the opposite surface of the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail, and the driving wheel is matched with the limiting fixing device and used for controlling the fixed state of the movable sliding rail.

Furthermore, the limiting fixing device comprises a limiting toothed plate and a limiting spring; the movable sliding rail is hollow, a limiting opening is formed between adjacent first teeth of opposite surfaces of the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail, the limiting toothed plate is arranged in the movable sliding rail, and the teeth of the limiting toothed plate protrude out of the limiting opening; and a limiting spring is connected between the bottom of the limiting toothed plate and the second fixing plate.

Further, the movable sliding rail device further comprises a tool-shaped frame, wherein the tool-shaped frame is arranged on the lower side of the integral platform truss, and openings on two sides of the tool-shaped frame are opposite to the moving direction of the movable sliding rail.

Further, the driving wheel is towards whole slide rail one side still fixedly connected with pulley, the pulley supports and leans on the second fixed plate.

Further, the integral slide rail is an I-beam; the fixed slide rail, the movable slide rail, the driving wheel, the driving device and the pushing device are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the I-beam.

Further, still include the connecting plate, the connecting plate sets up and keeps away from whole slide rail one side at the drive wheel, the jib is connected to the lower extreme of connecting plate.

Furthermore, the hanging rack is composed of square steel pipes, and steel plate nets are arranged on two sides of the hanging rack; the hanger is provided with a plurality of layers, and the hanger at the lowest layer is paved with a pattern steel plate.

The hanging frame further comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the integral platform truss, and the hanging frame extends to a position opposite to the hydraulic oil cylinder.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the driving wheel is driven to rotate by the driving device, so that the driving wheel can move along the length direction of the movable slide rail, and the position of a hanging rack below the driving wheel can be adjusted; when the moving distance needs to be increased, the driving wheel is pushed to a position between the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail by the pushing device, at the moment, the movable sliding rail is driven to move along the direction of the moving groove by the rotation of the driving wheel, then the driving wheel is pushed out to a position between the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail by the pushing device, and the movable distance of the driving wheel is increased by changing the position of the movable sliding rail; the movable slide rail can be stored in the integral slide rail after construction, and occupied space of construction can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lower hanger body structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a second fixing plate of the lower hanger body structure according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second stationary plate of the lower hanger body structure in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view illustrating the lower pylon structure mounted to the integral platform truss according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. an integral platform truss; 2. an integral slide rail; 21. a first fixing plate; 22. a second fixing plate; 221. a moving groove;

3. fixing the slide rail; 4. moving the slide rail; 41. a limiting port;

5. a drive wheel; 6. a boom; 7. a hanger; 8. a limit toothed plate; 9. a limiting spring; 10. a jig frame; 11. a pulley; 12. a connecting plate.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a lower hanger 7 body structure is provided, where the lower hanger 7 body structure is installed at a lower side of an integral platform truss 1, and includes an integral slide rail 2, a fixed slide rail 3, a movable slide rail 4, a driving wheel 5, a driving device, a pushing device, a hanger 6, and a hanger 7, the integral slide rail 2 is disposed at a lower end surface of the integral platform truss 1, the integral slide rail 2 extends toward one side to form a first fixed plate 21 and a second fixed plate 22, the first fixed plate 21 is fixedly provided with the fixed slide rail 3 toward the second fixed plate 22, the second fixed plate 22 is provided with a movable groove 221 toward the first fixed plate 21, the movable slide rail 4 is movably disposed in the movable groove 221, and the fixed slide rail 3 and the movable slide rail 4 are both provided with first teeth along a length direction of the integral slide rail 2; the driving wheel 5 is arranged between the fixed slide rail 3 and the movable slide rail 4, and second teeth corresponding to the first teeth are arranged on the driving wheel 5; the driving wheel 5 is in transmission connection with a driving device; the driving wheel 5 can move along the width direction of the movable slide rail 4 and is pushed by a pushing device; a hanging rod 6 is arranged below the driving wheel 5, and the lower end of the hanging rod 6 is connected with a hanging rack 7.

From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the driving wheel 5 is driven to rotate by the driving device, so that the driving wheel 5 can move along the length direction of the movable slide rail 4, and the position of a hanging rack 7 below the driving wheel can be adjusted; when the moving distance needs to be increased, the driving wheel 5 is pushed to a position between the movable slide rail 4 and the fixed slide rail 3 by the pushing device, at the moment, the rotation of the driving wheel 5 drives the movable slide rail 4 to move along the direction of the moving groove 221, then the driving wheel 5 is pushed out from a position between the movable slide rail 4 and the fixed slide rail 3 by the pushing device, and the movable distance of the driving wheel 5 is increased by changing the position of the movable slide rail 4; the movable slide rail 4 can be stored in the whole slide rail 2 after construction, and the occupied construction space can be reduced.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: during normal construction, the integral slide rail 2 on the lower side of the integral platform truss 1 is used as a track for the driving wheel 5 to move, the driving wheel 5 is driven by the driving device, the second teeth of the driving wheel 5 are matched with the first teeth of the movable slide rail 4, so that the driving wheel 5 can accurately move on the movable slide rail 4, and the positions of a hanging rod 6 and a hanging rack 7 arranged below the driving wheel 5 are adjusted; when the moving distance provided by the movable slide rail 4 cannot meet the construction requirement, the driving wheel 5 is pushed to a position between the fixed slide rail 3 and the movable slide rail 4 of the integral slide rail 2 by the pushing device, at the moment, the driving wheel 5 is driven to rotate, because the fixed slide rail 3 is fixedly arranged on the first fixing plate 21 of the integral slide rail 2, the movable slide rail 4 is movably arranged on the moving groove 221 of the second fixing plate 22 of the integral slide rail 2, and the second teeth of the driving wheel 5 are matched with the first teeth of the fixed slide rail 3 and the movable slide rail 4 at the same time, the driving wheel 5 can drive the movable slide rail 4 to move along the moving groove 221, so that the position of the movable slide rail 4 is changed, and the movable distance of the driving wheel 5 is further increased; after the position of the movable sliding rail 4 is changed, the driving wheel 5 is pushed by the pushing device again to be separated from the space between the fixed sliding rail 3 and the movable sliding rail 4, only to be kept in contact with the movable sliding rail 4, and the positions of the suspension rod 6 and the hanger 7 are adjusted under the driving of the driving device.

Further, the width of the movable slide rail 4 is larger than that of the fixed slide rail 3.

As can be seen from the above description, the width of the movable slide rail 4 is greater than the width of the fixed slide rail 3, indicating that one side of the movable slide rail 4 is opposite to the first fixed plate 21, and the other side is opposite to the fixed slide rail 3; when the pushing device pushes the driving wheel 5, the driving wheel 5 can move rapidly along the sliding slot formed between the adjacent first teeth on the movable sliding rail 4.

Furthermore, a limiting fixing device is arranged on the opposite surface of the movable slide rail 4 and the fixed slide rail 3, and the driving wheel 5 is matched with the limiting fixing device and used for controlling the fixing state of the movable slide rail 4.

As can be seen from the above description, by providing the limiting fixing device on the opposite surfaces of the movable sliding rail 4 and the fixed sliding rail 3, when the driving wheel 5 is between the movable sliding rail 4 and the first fixing plate 21, the movable sliding rail 4 is fixed by the limiting fixing device, so as to be prevented from moving due to external force; when the driving wheel 5 is between the movable rail 4 and the fixed rail 3, the driving wheel 5 is engaged with the limit fixing device, and the limit of the movable rail 4 by the limit fixing device is released by the driving wheel 5 while the movable rail 4 is driven to move by the driving wheel 5.

Further, the limiting fixing device comprises a limiting toothed plate 8 and a limiting spring 9; the movable sliding rail 4 is hollow, a limiting opening 41 is formed between adjacent first teeth of the opposite surfaces of the movable sliding rail 4 and the fixed sliding rail 3, the limiting toothed plate 8 is arranged in the movable sliding rail 4, and the teeth of the limiting toothed plate protrude out of the limiting opening 41; and a limiting spring 9 is connected between the bottom of the limiting toothed plate 8 and the second fixing plate 22.

As can be seen from the above description, the limit toothed plate 8 is arranged inside the movable sliding rail 4, and the teeth of the limit toothed plate 8 protrude from the limit opening 41 between the adjacent first teeth on the movable sliding rail 4, so that the movable sliding rail 4 is limited and fixed, and the movable sliding rail 4 is prevented from being displaced under the action of external force; after the driving wheel 5 moves between the movable sliding rail 4 and the fixed sliding rail 3, the driving wheel 5 rotates to enable second teeth of the driving wheel 5 to be matched with first teeth of the movable sliding rail 4, so that teeth of the limiting toothed plate 8 protruding out of the limiting toothed plate 8 are pressed downwards, and limiting and fixing of the limiting toothed plate 8 on the movable sliding rail 4 are released; after the driving wheel 5 is pushed out between the movable sliding rail 4 and the fixed sliding rail 3 by the pushing device, the second teeth of the driving wheel 5 are no longer matched with the first teeth of the movable sliding rail 4, and under the action of the spring connected with the bottom of the limiting toothed plate 8 and the second fixed plate 22, the teeth of the limiting toothed plate 8 reset and protrude out of the limiting port 41 on the movable sliding rail 4 to limit and fix the movable sliding rail 4.

Further, the platform truss structure further comprises a jig frame 10, wherein the jig frame 10 is arranged on the lower side of the integral platform truss 1, and openings on two sides of the jig frame 10 are opposite to the moving direction of the movable sliding rail 4.

As can be seen from the above description, the jig 10 is used for ensuring the support of the driving wheel 5 and the connected suspension rod 6 and suspension rack 7 by the movable sliding rail 4 after the movable sliding rail 4 moves to a certain distance outside the integral sliding rail 2, and the jig 10 is arranged at a safe distance to support the movable sliding rail 4 passing through, so as to ensure that the stress on the movable sliding rail 4 is within an allowable range.

Further, the driving wheel 5 is fixedly connected with a pulley 11 towards one side of the integral slide rail 2, and the pulley 11 abuts against the second fixing plate 22.

As is apparent from the above description, the pulley 11 provided on the driving wheel 5 side can assist in guiding the movement of the driving wheel 5 and move along the second fixing plate 22 when the driving wheel 5 moves.

Further, the integral slide rail 2 is an I-beam; the fixed slide rail 3, the movable slide rail 4, the driving wheel 5, the driving device and the pushing device are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the I-beam.

From the above description, the symmetrical arrangement of the fixed slide rail 3, the movable slide rail 4, the driving wheel 5, the driving device and the pushing device can ensure that the device is stressed uniformly and moves smoothly.

Further, the device also comprises a connecting plate 12, wherein the connecting plate 12 is arranged on one side of the driving wheel 5 far away from the integral slide rail 2, and the lower end of the connecting plate 12 is connected with the suspension rod 6.

As is apparent from the above description, the driving wheel 5 and the boom 6 are integrally connected by the connecting plate 12; meanwhile, the connecting plate 12 can shield one side of the whole sliding rail 2, so that interference of external dust and the like to the rotation of the driving wheel 5 is reduced.

Furthermore, the hanging rack 7 is composed of square steel pipes, and steel plate nets are arranged on two sides of the hanging rack 7; the hanging rack 7 is provided with a plurality of layers, and the pattern steel plate is paved on the hanging rack 7 at the lowest layer.

Further, the hydraulic lifting device further comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the integral platform truss 1, and the hanging rack 7 extends to a position opposite to the hydraulic oil cylinder.

According to the description, the hydraulic oil cylinder is used as power for lifting and moving the integral platform truss 1, and needs to be fixed with a built attached wall when working, and needs to be released from the fixed attached wall when moving, so that the hanging frame 7 is extended to a position opposite to the hydraulic oil cylinder, and workers can conveniently operate the hydraulic oil cylinder.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a first embodiment of the present invention is:

as shown in fig. 1 and 4, in the lower hanger 7 body structure of the present embodiment, the lower hanger 7 body structure is installed at the lower side of an integral platform truss 1, and includes an integral slide rail 2, a fixed slide rail 3, a movable slide rail 4, a driving wheel 5, a driving device, a pushing device, a hanger rod 6 and a hanger 7, the integral slide rail 2 is arranged at the lower end surface of the integral platform truss 1, the integral slide rail 2 extends toward one side to form a first fixed plate 21 and a second fixed plate 22, the first fixed plate 21 is fixedly provided with the fixed slide rail 3 toward the second fixed plate 22, the second fixed plate 22 is provided with a movable groove 221 toward the first fixed plate 21, the movable slide rail 4 is movably arranged in the movable groove 221, and the fixed slide rail 3 and the movable slide rail 4 are both provided with first teeth along the length direction of the integral slide rail 2; the driving wheel 5 is arranged between the fixed slide rail 3 and the movable slide rail 4, and second teeth corresponding to the first teeth are arranged on the driving wheel 5; the driving wheel 5 is in transmission connection with a driving device; the driving wheel 5 can move along the width direction of the movable slide rail 4 and is pushed by a pushing device; a hanging rod 6 is arranged below the driving wheel 5, and the lower end of the hanging rod 6 is connected with a hanging rack 7.

As shown in fig. 1, the width of the movable slide 4 is greater than that of the fixed slide 3.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a limiting fixing device is disposed on an opposite surface of the movable sliding rail 4 and the fixed sliding rail 3, and the driving wheel 5 is matched with the limiting fixing device for controlling a fixing state of the movable sliding rail 4.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the limit fixing device comprises a limit toothed plate 8 and a limit spring 9; the movable sliding rail 4 is hollow, a limiting opening 41 is formed between adjacent first teeth of the opposite surfaces of the movable sliding rail 4 and the fixed sliding rail 3, the limiting toothed plate 8 is arranged in the movable sliding rail 4, and the teeth of the limiting toothed plate protrude out of the limiting opening 41; specifically, both sides of teeth of the limiting toothed plate 8 incline towards the middle of the limiting toothed plate, so that the driving wheel 5 can press the limiting toothed plate 8 downwards when moving between adjacent first teeth of the movable sliding rail 4; and a limiting spring 9 is connected between the bottom of the limiting toothed plate 8 and the second fixing plate 22.

As shown in fig. 4, the platform truss further comprises a jig 10, wherein the jig 10 is arranged at the lower side of the integrated platform truss 1, and openings at two sides of the jig 10 are opposite to the moving direction of the movable slide 4. A plurality of spaced jigs 10 may be provided according to the moving distance of the moving rail 4.

As shown in fig. 1, a pulley 11 is further fixedly connected to one side of the driving wheel 5 facing the integral slide rail 2, and the pulley 11 abuts against a second fixing plate 22.

As shown in fig. 1, the integral slide rail 2 is an i-beam; the fixed slide rail 3, the movable slide rail 4, the driving wheel 5, the driving device and the pushing device are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the I-beam.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the device further comprises a connecting plate 12, wherein the connecting plate 12 is arranged on the side of the driving wheel 5 far away from the integral slide rail 2, and the lower end of the connecting plate 12 is connected with the suspension rod 6.

The hanging rack 7 is composed of square steel pipes, and steel plate nets are arranged on two sides of the hanging rack 7; the hanging rack 7 is provided with a plurality of layers, and the pattern steel plate is paved on the hanging rack 7 at the lowest layer.

The hydraulic support is characterized by further comprising a hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the integral platform truss 1, and the hanging frame 7 extends to a position opposite to the hydraulic oil cylinder.

Because still be connected with other facilities such as construction elevator, tower crane on the whole platform truss 1, arrange on stores pylon 7, need the size of local adjustment stores pylon 7 corresponding above facility position.

In summary, according to the lower hanger body structure provided by the invention, the driving wheel is driven to rotate by the driving device, so that the driving wheel can move along the length direction of the movable slide rail, and the position of the hanger below the driving wheel can be adjusted; when the moving distance needs to be increased, the driving wheel is pushed to a position between the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail by the pushing device, at the moment, the movable sliding rail is driven to move along the direction of the moving groove by the rotation of the driving wheel, then the driving wheel is pushed out to a position between the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail by the pushing device, and the movable distance of the driving wheel is increased by changing the position of the movable sliding rail; the movable slide rail can be accommodated in the integral slide rail after construction, so that the occupied space of construction can be reduced; the widths of the movable sliding rail and the fixed sliding rail are set, so that the driving wheel can rapidly move along the sliding groove between the adjacent first teeth, and the movable sliding rail is driven to move; through the arrangement of the limiting toothed plate and the limiting spring of the limiting fixing device, the driving wheel can be matched with the limiting fixing device under the pushing of the pushing device to control the fixing state of the movable sliding rail; the movable sliding rail can be effectively supported after moving by arranging the tool frame, so that the uniform stress on the movable sliding rail is ensured; the pulley is arranged and used for assisting in guiding the movement of the driving wheel; the device can be uniformly stressed and stably moved by symmetrically arranging the fixed slide rail, the movable slide rail, the driving wheel, the driving device and the pushing device; the connecting plate is arranged to play a role in connecting the driving wheel and the hanging rod, and simultaneously, one side of the whole sliding rail is shielded, so that the driving wheel is prevented from being interfered by external dust and the like; the hanging frame is extended to the position of the hydraulic oil cylinder, so that a worker can conveniently operate the hydraulic oil cylinder.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.