阅读说明：本技术 固井和压裂装置、固井和压裂方法 (Cementing and fracturing device and cementing and fracturing method ) 是由 黄广 张楷 沈鹏 于 2021-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种固井和压裂装置和一种固井和压裂方法。该固井和压裂装置包括：技术套管、固井组件和压裂组件。固井组件的第一端与技术套管固定连接,配置为对从固井组件开始并向井口一侧延伸的第一井段进行固井作业。压裂组件与固井组件的第二端固定连接,配置为对压裂组件所在的第二井段进行压裂作业。该装置可以提高开采效率,减小开采成本。(A cementing and fracturing apparatus and a cementing and fracturing method. The cementing and fracturing apparatus comprises: technical casing, well cementation subassembly and fracturing subassembly. The first end of the cementing assembly is fixedly connected with the technical casing and is configured to perform cementing operation on a first well section which starts from the cementing assembly and extends to the side of the wellhead. The fracturing assembly is fixedly connected with the second end of the well cementation assembly and is configured to perform fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located. The device can improve exploitation efficiency, reduces exploitation cost.)

1. A cementing and fracturing apparatus comprising:

a technical sleeve;

the first end of the well cementation component is fixedly connected with the technical casing and is configured to carry out well cementation operation on a first well section which starts from the well cementation component and extends to one side of a wellhead; and

and the fracturing component is fixedly connected with the second end of the well cementation component and is configured to perform fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing component is located.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cementing assembly comprises:

a first packer having a packing state and a non-packing state configured to isolate a first annulus of the first interval from a second annulus of the second interval in the packing state, wherein the first annulus is a space between the cementing and fracturing apparatus and a wall of the first interval and the second annulus is a space between the cementing and fracturing apparatus and a wall of the second interval; and

a staged collar having an open state and a closed state configured to communicate the interior space of the cementing assembly and the first annular space in the open state.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the fracturing assembly comprises:

m first sliding sleeves and (M +1) second packers, wherein one first sliding sleeve is arranged between every two second packers, each first sliding sleeve has an open state and a closed state, and each second packer has a packing state and a non-packing state;

the (M +1) second packers are configured to isolate M first sub-annular spaces of the second annular space in a packing state, and each two adjacent second packers correspondingly form one first sub-annular space;

the M first sliding sleeves are configured to respectively communicate the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the M first sub-annular spaces in an opening state,

wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the cementing assembly further comprises:

the debris catcher is arranged between the first packer and the grading hoop and is configured to receive debris generated by drilling and grinding operations, wherein the debris catcher is horn-shaped;

the debris catching device has a closed state and a non-closed state, and under the closed state, the debris catching device divides the inner space of the well cementation assembly into two first sub-inner spaces which are isolated from each other.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein,

the second annular space further comprises a second sub-annular space positioned on one side of the M first sub-annular spaces away from the first annular space;

the fracturing assembly further comprises:

the second sliding sleeve is positioned on one side of the M second packers far away from the well cementation assembly, has an opening state and a closing state, and is configured to be communicated with the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the second sub-annular space in the opening state.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the fracturing assembly further comprises:

the starting short joint is positioned on one side, far away from the well cementation assembly, of the second sliding sleeve and is configured to enable one end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly to be closed;

the float collar is positioned on one side of the starting short section, which is far away from the well cementation assembly; and

and the rotary guide shoe is positioned on one side of the float collar, which is far away from the well cementation assembly.

7. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:

a tieback plug configured to pass through and communicate with an interior space of the fracturing assembly via the interior space of the cementing assembly and isolate the interior space of the fracturing assembly from the interior space of the cementing assembly.

8. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein,

the packing pressure required for the first packer to change from the non-packing state to the packing state is the same as the packing pressure required for each second packer to change from the non-packing state to the packing state;

the cracking pressure required for the staged collar to transition from the closed state to the open state is greater than the pack-off pressure required for the first packer to transition from the unset state to the pack-off state.

9. A method of cementing and fracturing comprising:

fixedly connecting a technical casing, a well cementation assembly and a fracturing assembly in sequence, and conveying the fixedly connected technical casing, well cementation assembly and fracturing assembly to a preset position in a well hole;

performing a cementing operation on a first well section which starts from the cementing assembly and extends to the wellhead side of the well hole by using the cementing assembly; and

and carrying out fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located by utilizing the fracturing assembly.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the cementing assembly comprises a first packer and a staging collar;

cementing, with the cementing assembly, a first wellbore section beginning with the cementing assembly and extending toward a wellhead side of the wellbore, comprising:

converting the first packer from a non-packing state to a packing state to isolate a first annular space of the first interval from a second annular space of the second interval, wherein the first annular space is a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a wall of the first interval, and the second annular space is a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a wall of the second interval;

transitioning the staged collar from a closed state to an open state to communicate the interior space of the cementing assembly with the first annular space; and

injecting a cementing medium into an interior space of the cementing assembly such that the cementing medium enters the first annular space via the staging collar.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the fracturing assembly comprises M first slips and (M +1) second packers, one first slip being disposed between each two second packers;

performing a fracturing operation on a second well section in which the fracturing assembly is located by using the fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing operation comprises the following steps:

changing the (M +1) second packers from a non-packing state to a packing state so as to isolate M first sub-annular spaces in the second annular space, wherein one first sub-annular space is correspondingly formed between every two adjacent second packers;

sequentially converting the M first sliding sleeves from a closed state to an open state so as to sequentially communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the M first sub-annular spaces; and

injecting fracturing medium into the M first sub-annular spaces in sequence through the M first sliding sleeves to perform M fracturing operations.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the cementing assembly further comprises a debris catcher;

cementing a first wellbore section beginning with the cementing assembly and extending toward a wellhead side of the wellbore with the cementing assembly, further comprising:

changing the debris catcher from a non-closed state to a closed state to divide the inner space of the well cementation assembly into two first sub-inner spaces which are isolated from each other;

and pressurizing the first sub-inner space in which the grading hoop is positioned so as to enable the grading hoop to be changed from the closed state to the open state.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein,

the second annular space further comprises a second sub-annular space positioned on one side of the M first sub-annular spaces away from the first annular space; the fracturing assembly further comprises a second sliding sleeve positioned on one side of the M second packers away from the cementing assembly;

carrying out fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located by utilizing the fracturing assembly, and further comprising:

transforming the second sliding sleeve of the fracturing assembly from a closed state to an open state to communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the second sub-annular space,

injecting a fracturing medium into the second sub-annulus via the second slip sleeve to perform a fracturing operation.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the fracturing assembly further comprises a start-up sub located on a side of the second slip sleeve distal from the cementing assembly;

the cementing and fracturing method further comprises:

utilizing the starting short joint to seal one end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly;

pressurizing the interior space of the cementing assembly and the interior space of the fracturing assembly such that both the first packer and the (M +1) second packers transition from an unset state to a pack state.

15. The method of claim 13, further comprising:

penetrating a tieback plug through an interior space of the cementing assembly to communicate the tieback plug with an interior space of the fracturing assembly and to isolate the interior space of the fracturing assembly from the interior space of the cementing assembly;

pressurizing the interior space of the fracturing assembly through the tieback plug.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein,

the packing pressure required for the first packer to change from the non-packing state to the packing state is the same as the packing pressure required for each second packer to change from the non-packing state to the packing state;

the cracking pressure required for the staged collar to transition from the closed state to the open state is greater than the pack-off pressure required for the first packer to transition from the unset state to the pack-off state.

Technical Field

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a cementing and fracturing apparatus and a cementing and fracturing method.

Background

In the oil and gas exploitation process, well cementation operation and fracturing operation are required. Through well cementation operation, cement can be injected into a well section to seal complex strata which are easy to collapse, leak and the like, and smooth drilling is guaranteed. Through a fracturing operation, a fracturing fluid may be forced into a subterranean formation to fracture the formation. Proppants may then be packed into the fracture to increase the permeability of the formation, making oil and gas production more efficient.

Disclosure of Invention

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a cementing and fracturing apparatus comprising a technical casing, a cementing assembly, and a fracturing assembly; the first end of the well cementation component is fixedly connected with the technical casing and is configured to carry out well cementation operation on a first well section which starts from the well cementation component and extends to one side of a wellhead; and the fracturing component is fixedly connected with the second end of the well cementation component and is configured to perform fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing component is located.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cementing assembly comprises a first packer and a staging collar; the first packer has a packing state and a non-packing state and is configured to isolate a first annular space of the first well section and a second annular space of the second well section in the packing state, wherein the first annular space is a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a well wall of the first well section, and the second annular space is a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a well wall of the second well section; the staged collar has an open state and a closed state configured to communicate the interior space of the cementing assembly and the first annular space in the open state.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing assembly comprises M first slips and (M +1) second packers, one first slip being disposed between each two of the second packers, each first slip having an open state and a closed state, each second packer having a pack-off state and a non-pack-off state; the (M +1) second packers are configured to isolate M first sub-annular spaces of the second annular space in a packing state, and each two adjacent second packers correspondingly form one first sub-annular space; the M first sliding sleeves are configured to be respectively communicated with the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the M first sub-annular spaces in an opening state, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cementing assembly further comprises a debris catcher disposed between the first packer and the grading collar and configured to receive debris generated by a drilling operation, the debris catcher being trumpet-shaped; the debris catching device has a closed state and a non-closed state, and under the closed state, the debris catching device divides the inner space of the well cementation assembly into two first sub-inner spaces which are isolated from each other.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second annular space further comprises a second sub-annular space located on a side of the M first sub-annular spaces remote from the first annular space; the fracturing assembly further comprises a second sliding sleeve, the second sliding sleeve is located on one side, far away from the well cementation assembly, of the M second packers, has an opening state and a closing state, and is configured to be communicated with the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the second sub-annular space in the opening state.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing assembly further comprises a start sub, a float collar, and a rotary guide shoe; the starting short joint is positioned on one side, far away from the well cementation assembly, of the second sliding sleeve and is configured to enable one end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly to be closed; the float collar is positioned on one side of the starting short section, which is far away from the well cementation assembly; the rotary guide shoe is positioned on one side of the float collar far away from the well cementation assembly.

For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a cementing and fracturing apparatus further comprising a tieback plug configured to pass through and communicate with an interior space of the fracturing assembly via the interior space of the cementing assembly and isolate the interior space of the fracturing assembly from the interior space of the cementing assembly.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the packing pressure required for the first packer to transition from the unset state to the pack state is the same as the packing pressure required for each of the second packers to transition from the unset state to the pack state; the cracking pressure required for the staged collar to transition from the closed state to the open state is greater than the pack-off pressure required for the first packer to transition from the unset state to the pack-off state.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of cementing and fracturing comprising: fixedly connecting a technical casing, a well cementation assembly and a fracturing assembly in sequence, and conveying the fixedly connected technical casing, well cementation assembly and fracturing assembly to a preset position in a well hole; performing a cementing operation on a first well section which starts from the cementing assembly and extends to the wellhead side of the well hole by using the cementing assembly; and performing fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located by utilizing the fracturing assembly.

For example, in a method of cementing and fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cementing assembly comprises a first packer and a staging collar; cementing, with the cementing assembly, a first wellbore section beginning with the cementing assembly and extending toward a wellhead side of the wellbore, comprising: converting the first packer from a non-packing state to a packing state to isolate a first annular space of the first interval from a second annular space of the second interval, the first annular space being a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a wall of the first interval, the second annular space being a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a wall of the second interval; transitioning the staged collar from a closed state to an open state to communicate the interior space of the cementing assembly with the first annular space; and injecting a cementing medium into the interior space of the cementing assembly such that the cementing medium enters the first annular space via the staging collar.

For example, in a method of cementing and fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing assembly includes M first slips and (M +1) second packers, one first slip being disposed between every two second packers; performing a fracturing operation on a second well section in which the fracturing assembly is located by using the fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing operation comprises the following steps: changing the (M +1) second packers from a non-packing state to a packing state so as to isolate M first sub-annular spaces in the second annular space, wherein one first sub-annular space is correspondingly formed between every two adjacent second packers; sequentially converting the M first sliding sleeves from a closed state to an open state so as to sequentially communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the M first sub-annular spaces; and sequentially injecting fracturing medium into the M first sub-annular spaces through the M first sliding sleeves so as to perform M times of fracturing operations.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cementing assembly further comprises a debris catcher; cementing a first wellbore section beginning with the cementing assembly and extending toward a wellhead side of the wellbore with the cementing assembly, further comprising: changing the debris catcher from a non-closed state to a closed state to divide the inner space of the well cementation assembly into two first sub-inner spaces which are isolated from each other; and pressurizing the first sub-inner space in which the grading hoop is positioned so as to enable the grading hoop to be changed from the closed state to the open state.

For example, in a cementing and fracturing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second annular space further comprises a second sub-annular space located on a side of the M first sub-annular spaces remote from the first annular space; the fracturing assembly further comprises a second sliding sleeve positioned on one side of the M second packers away from the cementing assembly; carrying out fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located by utilizing the fracturing assembly, and further comprising: and changing the second sliding sleeve of the fracturing assembly from a closed state to an open state so as to communicate the inner space of the fracturing assembly with the second sub-annular space, and injecting a fracturing medium into the second sub-annular space through the second sliding sleeve so as to perform one fracturing operation.

For example, in the well cementation and fracturing method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fracturing assembly further includes a start-up sub located on a side of the second sliding sleeve away from the well cementation assembly; the cementing and fracturing method further comprises: utilizing the starting short joint to seal one end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly; pressurizing the interior space of the cementing assembly and the interior space of the fracturing assembly such that both the first packer and the (M +1) second packers transition from an unset state to a pack state.

For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a cementing and fracturing method further comprising: penetrating a tieback plug through an interior space of the cementing assembly to communicate the tieback plug with an interior space of the fracturing assembly and to isolate the interior space of the fracturing assembly from the interior space of the cementing assembly; pressurizing the interior space of the fracturing assembly through the tieback plug.

For example, in a method of cementing and fracturing provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the packing pressure required for the first packer to transition from the unset state to the pack state is the same as the packing pressure required for each of the second packers to transition from the unset state to the pack state; the cracking pressure required for the staged collar to transition from the closed state to the open state is greater than the pack-off pressure required for the first packer to transition from the unset state to the pack-off state.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description relate only to some embodiments of the present disclosure and are not limiting to the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a cementing and fracturing apparatus provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a pre-cemented cementing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view of a post-cementing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 illustrates a schematic view of a fracturing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view of another cementing and fracturing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic view, partially in cross-section, of a debris catcher in accordance with at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 illustrates a flow chart of a method of cementing and fracturing provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow chart of a method of cementing provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure; and

fig. 9 illustrates a flow chart of a fracturing method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar referents do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

In the process of well cementation and fracturing operation, a technical casing can be put into a borehole after drilling, then the well cementation casing is put into the borehole and is hung at the bottom of the technical casing, and the well cementation operation is carried out by utilizing the well cementation casing. And then, further drilling downwards on the basis of the original well depth to form an open hole part, finally, putting a well completion string, and performing fracturing well completion operation on the open hole part by using the well completion string. Although the process flow is stable and reliable, the process flow needs to carry out multiple tripping operations and multiple casing running into the well, the production efficiency is low, and the production cost is high.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a cementing and fracturing apparatus and a cementing and fracturing method.

The well cementation and fracturing device comprises a technical casing, a well cementation component and a fracturing component, wherein the first end of the well cementation component is fixedly connected with the technical casing and is configured to perform well cementation operation on a first well section which starts from the well cementation component and extends to one side of a wellhead. The fracturing assembly is fixedly connected with the second end of the well cementation assembly and is configured to perform fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located.

The cementing and fracturing method comprises the following steps: fixedly connecting a technical casing, a well cementation assembly and a fracturing assembly in sequence, and conveying the fixedly connected technical casing, well cementation assembly and fracturing assembly to a preset position in a well hole; performing a cementing operation on a first well section which starts from the cementing assembly and extends to the wellhead side of the well by using the cementing assembly; and carrying out fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located by utilizing the fracturing assembly.

The well cementation and fracturing device and the well cementation and fracturing method can improve the exploitation efficiency and reduce the exploitation cost.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a cementing and fracturing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, the cementing and fracturing apparatus may include a technical casing 110, a cementing assembly 120, and a fracturing assembly 130. A first end of the cementing assembly 120 is fixedly connected to the technical casing 110, the cementing assembly 120 being configured to perform a cementing operation on a first well section a1 extending uphole from the cementing assembly 120. A fracturing assembly 130 is fixedly connected to the second end of the cementing assembly 120, the fracturing assembly 130 being configured to perform a fracturing operation on a second interval a2 in which the fracturing assembly 130 is located.

For example, the technical casing 110 may also be referred to as an intermediate casing, and in the case of a large well depth, the technical casing 110 may serve to isolate and protect the formation in the intermediate section of the wellbore from sloughing, leaking, high pressure, salt, etc.

For example, a first end of the cementing assembly 120 is fixedly connected with the technical casing 110 and a second end of the cementing assembly 120 is fixedly connected with the fracturing assembly 130, the fixed connection means including, but not limited to, fastener connections, welding, and the like. For example, the internal spaces of the technical casing 110, the cementing assembly 120, and the fracturing assembly 130 may be in communication. The technical casing 110, the cementing assembly 120 and the fracturing assembly 130 are fixedly connected in sequence to form a tool string, and the fixedly connected technical casing, cementing assembly and fracturing assembly can be conveyed together to a predetermined position in the borehole a. After feeding the fixedly connected technical casing 110, cementing assembly 120 and fracturing assembly 130 into the well, the second end of the cementing assembly 120 is further away from the wellhead of the wellbore than the first end, i.e. the cementing assembly 120 is located on the side of the technical casing 110 remote from the wellhead, and the fracturing assembly 130 is located on the side of the cementing assembly 120 remote from the wellhead, the depth of the technical casing 110, cementing assembly 120 and fracturing assembly 130 increasing in sequence. It is understood that the first end and the second end of the cementing assembly 120 refer to the two ends that are opposite each other in the axial direction.

For example, after the fixedly connected technical casing 110, the cementing assembly 120 and the fracturing assembly 130 are run down the well to a predetermined position, the cementing assembly 120 may be used to perform a cementing operation on the well section (first well section a1) at the position and above, and after cementing, the fracturing assembly 130 may be used to perform a fracturing operation on the well section (second well section a2) at the position. The lengths of the first interval a1 and the second interval a2 may be practical and are not limited by the disclosed embodiments.

According to the well cementation and fracturing device disclosed by the embodiment of the disclosure, the technical casing, the well cementation assembly and the fracturing assembly are sequentially and fixedly connected, and then the technical casing, the well cementation assembly and the fracturing assembly can be conveyed to a preset position in a well hole A together. Based on the mode, the drilling can be carried out to the target depth at one time without pulling out the drilling for many times, and the technical casing, the well cementation component and the fracturing component can be put into the preset position in the well without being put into the well for many times. Therefore, the mining efficiency can be improved, and the mining cost can be reduced.

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of a pre-cemented well cementation assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic view of a post-cementing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the cementing assembly includes a first packer 111 and a staged collar 112, the first packer 111 being located on a side of the staged collar 112 adjacent to the fracturing assembly 120.

For example, the first packer 111 has a packing state and an unsetting state, with the first packer 111 in FIG. 2 being in the unsetting state and the first packer 111 in FIG. 3 being in the packing state. The radial dimension (e.g., dimension in the direction of the axis D2) of the first packer 111 in the unseamed state is less than the radial dimension of the first packer 111 in the pack-off state. That is, the first packer 111 may be radially expanded, such as to a point where it may be capable of squeezing against the wall of the wellbore, as the first packer 111 transitions from an unset condition to a set condition. Conversely, the first packer 111 radially retracts to its original size during the transition from the packing state to the non-packing state of the first packer 111.

For example, the first packer 111 may be in an unset state prior to cementing, and the first packer 111 may be transitioned from the unset state to a set state when cementing is desired. As shown in fig. 3, the first packer 111 is configured to isolate, in a pack-off condition, a first annulus of the first interval a1, which is the space between the cementing and fracturing device and the wall of the first interval a1, and a second annulus of the second interval a2, which is the space between the cementing and fracturing device and the wall of the second interval a 2.

For example, the cementing and fracturing device has an annular gap with the borehole wall, which may be referred to as an annulus. Because the first packer 111 may be expanded against the wellbore wall, the annulus may be divided into two annuli aligned and sealed off in an axial direction (e.g., in the direction of the D1 axis), which correspond to the first interval A1 and the second interval A2, respectively.

For example, the staged collar 112 has an open state and a closed state, the staged collar 112 being configured to communicate with the interior space and the first annular space of the cementing assembly in the open state, and conversely, the interior space and the first annular space of the cementing assembly may be isolated when the staged collar 112 is in the closed state. The graduated collar 112 may be in a closed state prior to cementing and the graduated collar 112 may be transitioned from the closed state to an open state when cementing is desired.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, with the first packer 111 in the packing state and the staging collar 112 in the open state, a cementing medium, such as cement, may be injected into the interior space of the cementing assembly to enter the first annular space via the staging collar 112. And under the packer action of the first packer 111, the cementing medium does not flow into the second annular space, but flows towards the side of the wellhead, fills the annular space of the first well section A1 to complete the cementing operation for the first well section A1, and under the packer action of the first packer 111, the second well section A2 can be ensured to be an open hole well.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a fracturing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 4, the fracturing assembly includes M first sliding sleeves 121 and (M +1) second packers 122, for example, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M may be determined according to actual requirements, for example, according to the number of fracturing stages required, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present disclosure. The M first sliding sleeves 121 and the (M +1) second packers 122 are arranged axially, the first sliding sleeves 121 and the second packers 122 are arranged at intervals, and one first sliding sleeve 121 is arranged between every two second packers 122. Each first slips 121 has an open state and a closed state, and each second packer 122 has a packing state and an unsetting state. Each second packer 122 may include one or more side-by-side sub-packers 122. For example, the M first sliding sleeves 121 may be ball-throwing sliding sleeves, and when a ball such as a soluble ball is pushed to the ball-throwing sliding sleeve, the ball-throwing sliding sleeve may be blocked, and as the internal pressure of the device increases, the ball-throwing sliding sleeve may be opened.

For example, the (M +1) second packers 122 in fig. 4 are all in a pack-off state. The radial dimension of the second packer 122 in the unseparated state (e.g., the direction of the D2 axis) is less than the radial dimension of the second packer 122 in the pack-off state. That is, the second packer 122 may be radially expanded, such as to a degree that may compress against the wall of the second interval A2, as the second packer 122 transitions from the uncapped state to the cased state. Conversely, the second packer 122 radially contracts back to its original size during the transition of the second packer 122 from the packing state to the non-packing state.

For example, before fracturing, (M +1) second packers 122 may each be in an uncapped state, and when fracturing is desired, (M +1) second packers 122 may each be transitioned from the uncapped state to a packed state. As shown in fig. 4, the (M +1) second packers 122 are configured to isolate M first sub-annular spaces of the second annular space in a packing state, and a corresponding one of the first sub-annular spaces is formed between every two adjacent second packers 122.

For example, each first sliding sleeve 121 has an open state and a closed state, and the M first sliding sleeves 121 are configured to communicate with the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the M first sub-annular spaces in the open state, respectively, and the M first sliding sleeves correspond to the M first sub-annular spaces one to one. For example, a first sliding sleeve is disposed between two second packers 122, and a first sub-annular space can be formed between the two second packers 122, so that the first sliding sleeve can communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the first sub-annular space when the first sliding sleeve is in an open state. Conversely, the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the corresponding first sub-annular space can be isolated with the first runner 121 in the closed state. Before fracturing, M first sliding sleeves 121 can be in the closed condition, when needs carry out fracturing, can change M first sliding sleeves 121 into the open mode by closed condition.

For example, during the course of performing a fracturing operation, (M +1) second packers may each be transitioned from a non-packing state to a packing state to isolate M first sub-annuli in the second annulus, and then the M first slips may be sequentially transitioned from a closed state to an open state to sequentially communicate the interior space of the fracturing assembly with the M first sub-annuli. Injecting fracturing medium into the M first sub-annular spaces in sequence through the M first sliding sleeves to perform M fracturing operations.

For example, each first runner 121 can be opened sequentially from the end away from the wellhead in a direction toward the wellhead (i.e., from right to left in fig. 4). The first sliding sleeve 121 at the farthest end (i.e. the first sliding sleeve 121 at the rightmost end in fig. 4) may be opened first, and the other first sliding sleeves 121 are in a closed state, and a fracturing medium is injected into the internal space of the fracturing assembly, and enters the first sub-annular space at the farthest end via the first sliding sleeve 121 at the farthest end, and further enters the formation corresponding to the first sub-annular space, so that the formation is fractured, and a fracturing operation is completed. Then, the previous first runner 121 adjacent to the most distal first runner 121 may be opened, a fracturing medium may be injected into the interior space of the fracturing assembly to allow the fracturing medium to enter the previous first sub-annulus, and a fracturing operation may be performed on the formation corresponding to the previous first sub-annulus. And so on, until the fracturing operation corresponding to the first sliding sleeve 121 at the most proximal end and the first sub-annular space (i.e. the first sliding sleeve 121 at the most left end and the first sub-annular space in fig. 4) is completed. Based on the mode, staged fracturing can be realized.

FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic view of another cementing and fracturing assembly provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 5, the cementing assembly may further include a debris catcher 113, the debris catcher 113 being disposed between the first packer 111 and the grading collar 112, the debris catcher 113 being configured to receive debris generated by the drilling and grinding operations, the debris catcher 113 being of a horn shape, such as an inverted-horn-ball-seat structure. For example, after the well cementing operation, the rubber plug and other accessories inside the well cementing and fracturing device can be drilled and ground, the drilled and ground debris can fall onto the debris catching device 113, the debris catching device 113 is of an inverted horn structure, and the drill bit is less when the drill bit is drilled and ground, so that the drill bits on the upper portion can be fully drilled into the debris.

For example, the debris catcher 113 has a closed state in which the debris catcher 113 divides the interior space of the cementing assembly into two first sub-interior spaces isolated from each other and an open state.

FIG. 6 illustrates a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a debris trap provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 6, a protrusion 1131 is disposed inside the debris catcher, a symmetrical protrusion may be disposed on the opposite side, and a gap is formed between the two protrusions, so that after a ball or other structures are put into the debris catcher, the gap can be blocked, and the debris catcher is changed from a non-closed state to a closed state.

For example, when a cementing operation is required, the debris catcher 113 may be transitioned from the non-closed state to the closed state to divide the interior space of the cementing assembly into two first sub-interior spaces isolated from each other. As shown in fig. 5, the debris catcher in the closed state can isolate the sub-inner spaces located at the left and right sides of the debris catcher. Then, a pressurizing operation is performed to the first sub-inner space (i.e., the sub-inner space located at the left side of the debris catcher 113 in fig. 5) where the stepped collar 112 is located, and when the inner pressure reaches the opening pressure of the stepped collar 112, the stepped collar 112 can be changed from the closed state to the open state, so that a cementing operation can be performed through the stepped collar 112.

For example, the second annular space further includes a second sub-annular space located on a side of the M first sub-annular spaces remote from the first annular space. As shown in fig. 5, the second sub-annulus is, for example, the annulus to the right of the rightmost second packer 122.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the fracturing assembly may further include a second sliding sleeve 123, the second sliding sleeve 123 being located on a side of the M second packers 122 away from the cementing assembly, the second sliding sleeve 123 having an open state and a closed state, the second sliding sleeve 123 being configured to communicate the interior space of the fracturing assembly and the second sub-annular space in the open state. Conversely, the second runner 123, in a closed state, may isolate the interior space of the fracturing assembly from the second sub-annulus space.

For example, during a fracturing operation, before sequentially opening the M first runners 121, the second runner 121 may be first changed from the closed state to the open state to communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the second sub-annular space. And injecting a fracturing medium into the inner space of the fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing medium can be injected into the second sub-annular space through the second sliding sleeve 121 so as to perform one fracturing operation on the stratum corresponding to the second sub-annular space.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the fracturing assembly may further include a start nipple 124, the start nipple 124 being located on a side of the second sliding sleeve 123 remote from the cementing assembly, the start nipple 124 being configured to close one end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly. For example, the starting nipple 124 is a pitching type nipple, and a ball such as a soluble ball is pushed to the starting nipple 124, so that the soluble ball can block the starting nipple 124, and further close the right end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the fracturing assembly further includes a float collar 125 and a rotary guide shoe 126, the float collar 125 is located on a side of the start nipple 124 away from the cementing assembly, and the rotary guide shoe 126 is located on a side of the float collar 125 away from the cementing assembly. For example, the rotation guide 126 can be used for guiding, the rotation head of the rotation guide 126 can rotate 360 °, and a single-flow valve mechanism can be provided inside the rotation guide 126 to form a double-layer protection with the float collar 125.

For example, before performing a cementing operation, the start-up sub 124 may be used to close off one end of the interior space of the fracturing assembly, and then a pressurization operation may be performed on the interior space of the cementing assembly and the interior space of the fracturing assembly in communication therewith. For example, the first packer 111 and the second packer 122 may each be shifted from an unsetting state to a packing state by pressure, and when the pressure in the inner space of the apparatus reaches the packing pressure of the first packer 111 and the second packer 122, the first packer and the (M +1) second packers may be shifted from the unsetting state to the packing state.

For example, in one example, the pressure required to transition the first packer 111 from the unsetting state to the packing state (referred to as the packing pressure or the setting pressure) may be the same as the pressure required to transition each of the second packers 122 from the unsetting state to the packing state, in which case the first packer 111 and the plurality of second packers 122 may be transitioned to the packing state simultaneously.

For example, in another example, the packing pressure of the first packer 111 may also be different than the packing pressure of the second packer 122.

For example, as shown in fig. 5, the cementing and fracturing apparatus may further comprise a tieback plug 131, the tieback plug 131 configured to pass through and communicate with the interior space of the fracturing assembly via the interior space of the cementing assembly and isolate the interior space of the fracturing assembly from the interior space of the cementing assembly.

For example, the cementing and fracturing apparatus may further include a tieback cylinder 132, the tieback cylinder 132 may be located between the cementing assembly and the fracturing assembly, the tieback plug 131 may be inserted through the technical casing and the interior space of the cementing assembly and into the tieback cylinder 132, and the tieback plug 131 may communicate with the interior space of the fracturing assembly through the tieback cylinder 132. For example, an end of the tieback plug 131 remote from the tieback cylinder may communicate with the tieback tube, and when the tieback plug 131 is inserted into the tieback cylinder 132, the tieback tube, the tieback plug 131, the tieback cylinder 132 and the inner space of the fracturing assembly communicate, and since the tieback tube is located in the inner space of the technical casing and the cementing assembly, a barrier may be formed between the inner space of the fracturing assembly and the inner space of the cementing assembly. The internal volume of the fracturing assembly may then be pressurized by the tieback device 130.

For example, in conjunction with fig. 5, in one embodiment, the cementing and fracturing operations may employ the following procedures (1) - (8):

(1) the fixedly connected technical casing, cementing assembly and fracturing assembly are lowered into the well and the rotating guide shoe 126 of the fracturing assembly may guide during downward travel. In this step, the technical casing, the cementing assembly and the interior space of the fracturing assembly are intercommunicated, and after the device reaches the target depth, a completion protection fluid can be injected into the interior space of the device, and can flow into the annular space between the device and the well wall to cyclically displace the completion protection fluid.

(2) And (3) throwing a soluble ball into the inner space of the device to the starting nipple 124, and plugging the starting nipple 124 by the soluble ball so as to close one end of the inner space of the fracturing assembly. The internal space of the apparatus is pressurized until the internal pressure transitions the first packer 111 and the plurality of second packers 122 from the unsettled state to the set state. The packing pressures of the first packer 111 and the plurality of second packers 122 may be set to be uniform to ensure that a single stroke may set in its entirety.

(3) Soluble balls are put into the inner space, so that the soluble balls fall on the debris catching device 113, and the debris catching device 113 is blocked by the soluble balls, so that the debris catching device 113 is changed from a non-closed state to a closed state, and the inner space of the well cementation assembly is divided into two first sub-inner spaces which are isolated from each other. Pressurizing the interior space may increase the pressure in the first sub-interior space in which the staged collar 112 is located until the pressure increases to the cracking pressure of the staged collar 112, and the staged collar 112 may transition from the closed state to the open state to communicate the interior space and the first annular space of the cementing assembly. For example, the cracking pressure required to transition the staged collar from the closed state to the open state is greater than the packing pressure required to transition the first packer 111 from the unseamed state to the packed state to ensure that the staged collar 112 does not crack when the first and second packers 111, 122 are set.

(4) A cementing medium is injected into the inner space, which may enter the first annular space through the staging collar 112 for performing a cementing operation for the first interval, and the first packer 111 may prevent cementing mud from falling into the second annular space.

(5) The operation is bored and ground to plug and all the other annexs in the inner space, and the piece that bores and grind drops on piece catching device 113, and piece catching device 113 is the structure of falling loudspeaker, and it is less more to bore when boring and grinding to guarantee that the upper portion drill chip fully bores into the piece. And after drilling, the circulation well washing operation can be carried out.

(6) The tie-back plug 131 is inserted into the tie-back cylinder 132 in a tie-back manner, the internal spaces of the tie-back plug 131, the tie-back cylinder 132 and the fracturing assembly which are communicated with each other are subjected to pressure test operation, and the next step of operation can be performed after the pressure test is qualified.

(7) The internal space of the fracturing assembly is pressurized through the tie-back plug 131 and the tie-back cylinder 132 until the pressure reaches the opening pressure of the second sliding sleeve 123, the second sliding sleeve 123 is changed from the closed state to the open state to communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the second sub-annular space, a fracturing medium is injected, the fracturing medium can be injected into the corresponding stratum through the second sliding sleeve 123, and the stratum at the corresponding position of the second sliding sleeve 123 is cracked.

(8) The soluble balls corresponding to the M first sliding sleeves 121 are sequentially put into the internal space of the fracturing assembly to sequentially block the M first sliding sleeves 121, and the M first sliding sleeves 121 can be sequentially opened by increasing internal pressure so as to sequentially communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly with the M first sub-annular spaces. Injecting fracturing medium into the M first sub-annular spaces in sequence through the M first sliding sleeves so as to perform M fracturing operations.

For example, a soluble ball corresponding to the size of the rightmost first sliding sleeve 121 is put into the internal space of the fracturing assembly, the rightmost first sliding sleeve 121 is blocked by the soluble ball, and then the internal space of the fracturing assembly is pressurized until the internal pressure reaches the opening pressure of the rightmost first sliding sleeve 121, so that the first sliding sleeve 121 can be opened, and the other first sliding sleeves 121 are in a closed state. And injecting a fracturing medium into the inner space of the fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing medium enters the first sub annular space at the rightmost end through the first sliding sleeve 121 at the rightmost end and further enters the stratum corresponding to the first sub annular space, so that the stratum is fractured. Then, a soluble ball corresponding to the size of the previous first sliding sleeve 121 is put into the internal space of the fracturing assembly, the previous first sliding sleeve 121 is blocked by the soluble ball, and the internal space of the fracturing assembly is pressurized until the internal pressure reaches the opening pressure of the previous first sliding sleeve 121. And injecting a fracturing medium into the inner space of the fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing medium enters the previous first sub-annular space through the previous first sliding sleeve 121 and further enters the stratum corresponding to the previous first sub-annular space, so that the stratum is fractured. And so on until the fracturing operation corresponding to the first sliding sleeve 121 at the leftmost end is completed.

The disclosed embodiment also provides a well cementation and fracturing method.

Fig. 7 illustrates a flow chart of a cementing and fracturing method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 7, the method may include steps S210 to S230.

Step S210: and fixedly connecting the technical casing, the well cementation assembly and the fracturing assembly in sequence, and conveying the fixedly connected technical casing, well cementation assembly and fracturing assembly to a preset position in a well hole together.

Step S220: a cementing operation is performed with the cementing assembly on a first wellbore section that begins with the cementing assembly and extends toward a wellhead side of the wellbore.

Step S230: and carrying out fracturing operation on the second well section where the fracturing assembly is located by utilizing the fracturing assembly.

The well cementation and fracturing method of the embodiment of the disclosure can not only enable drilling to a target depth once without pulling out and drilling down for many times, but also enable the technical casing, the well cementation component and the fracturing component to be put into a preset position in a well together without being put into the well for many times. Therefore, the mining efficiency can be improved, and the mining cost can be reduced.

For example, the cementing assembly may include a first packer and a staged collar, and the first packer may be located on a side of the staged collar proximate the fracturing assembly.

Fig. 8 shows a flow chart of a cementing method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 8, step S220 may include steps S221 to S223.

Step S221: the first packer is transitioned from the non-packing state to the packing state to isolate a first annulus of the first interval from a second annulus of the second interval. For example, the first annular space is a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a wall of the first wellbore section, and the second annular space is a space between the cementing and fracturing device and a wall of the second wellbore section.

Step S222: the staged collar is transitioned from the closed state to the open state to communicate the interior space of the cementing assembly with the first annular space.

Step S223: injecting a cementing medium into the interior space of the cementing assembly such that the cementing medium enters the first annular space via the staging collar.

For example, the fracturing assembly may include M first slips and (M +1) second packers, with one first slip disposed between each two second packers.

Fig. 9 illustrates a flow chart of a fracturing method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 9, step S230 may include steps S231 to S233.

Step S231: each of the (M +1) second packers is transitioned from the non-packing state to the packing state to isolate the M first sub-annuli in the second annulus. For example, a first sub-annular space is correspondingly formed between every two adjacent second packers.

Step S232: the M first sliding sleeves are sequentially changed from a closed state to an open state so as to sequentially communicate the internal space of the fracturing assembly and the M first sub-annular spaces.

Step S233: injecting fracturing medium into the M first sub-annular spaces in sequence through the M first sliding sleeves so as to perform M fracturing operations.

For example, the well cementation subassembly still includes the piece catcher, and the piece catcher can set up between first packer and hierarchical hoop, can be for accepting the piece that the drilling and milling operation produced, and the piece catcher can be the loudspeaker form, for example for the structure of inverted horn ball seat. The debris catcher 113 has a closed state in which the debris catcher 113 divides the inner space of the cementing assembly into two first sub-inner spaces isolated from each other and an open state. Step S220 may further include: the debris catching device is changed from a non-closed state to a closed state so as to divide the inner space of the well cementation assembly into two first sub-inner spaces which are isolated from each other; and pressurizing the first sub-inner space in which the grading hoop is positioned so as to change the grading hoop from the closed state to the open state.

For example, the second annular space further includes a second sub-annular space located on a side of the M first sub-annular spaces remote from the first annular space. The fracturing assembly further comprises a second sliding sleeve positioned on one side of the M second packers far away from the well cementation assembly. Step S230 may further include: the second sliding sleeve of the fracturing assembly is changed from a closed state to an open state so as to communicate the inner space of the fracturing assembly with the second sub-annular space, and a fracturing medium is injected into the second sub-annular space through the second sliding sleeve so as to perform one fracturing operation.

For example, the fracturing assembly can further include a start-up sub located on a side of the second slip sleeve distal from the cementing assembly. The cementing and fracturing method may further comprise: one end of the internal space of the fracturing component is closed by utilizing the starting short joint; pressurizing the interior space of the cementing assembly and the interior space of the fracturing assembly such that both the first packer and the (M +1) second packers are transitioned from the non-packing state to the packing state.

For example, the cementing and fracturing apparatus may also include a tieback plug. The cementing and fracturing method may further comprise: penetrating a tieback plug through the inner space of the well cementation assembly so as to enable the tieback plug to be communicated with the inner space of the fracturing assembly and isolate the inner space of the fracturing assembly from the inner space of the well cementation assembly; the internal space of the fracturing assembly is pressurized by a tieback plug.

For example, the packing pressure required to transition a first packer from an unsetting state to a packing state is the same as the packing pressure required to transition each second packer from an unsetting state to a packing state. The cracking pressure required to transition the staged collar from the closed state to the open state is greater than the pack-off pressure required to transition the first packer from the unset state to the pack-off state.

For example, the cementing and fracturing methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure may refer to fig. 1-6 and to the related description of the embodiments of the cementing and fracturing apparatus, which are not repeated herein.

(1) The drawings of the embodiments of the disclosure only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the disclosure, and other structures can refer to common designs.

(2) Without conflict, embodiments of the present disclosure and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other to arrive at new embodiments.

The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the scope of the claims.