阅读说明：本技术 暗挖法地铁下穿既有线路硬岩静态爆破施工方法 (Underground excavation method subway underpass existing line hard rock static blasting construction method ) 是由 唐大维 张洪军 方长明 郭源明 李庆 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种暗挖法地铁下穿既有线路硬岩静态爆破施工方法,包括步骤：调查施爆区周边环境；设计爆破方案；配备专业施爆人员；放样、布孔和钻孔施工；装药及安装引爆器材；安全警戒,撤出施爆区域内相关人员至安全距离之外；起爆；清除盲炮；解除警戒。本方案采用静力爆破可将施工过程存在的安全隐患降到最低,相比较传统的微差爆破开挖方式,施工简单易操作,采用静力爆破施工可加快施工进度,提高施工安全性及环保性,实现环保施工。(The invention provides a construction method for underground excavation method underground penetration of existing line hard rock static blasting, which comprises the following steps: investigating the surrounding environment of an explosion application area; designing a blasting scheme; preparing professional explosion personnel; setting out, arranging holes and drilling; charging and installing detonating equipment; safety guard, namely withdrawing the related personnel in the explosion-giving area to the outside of the safety distance; detonating; removing blind cannons; and (6) disarming. This scheme adopts static blasting can fall to the potential safety hazard that the work progress exists to minimum, compares traditional millisecond blasting excavation mode, and the construction is simple easily operated, adopts static blasting construction can accelerate the construction progress, improves construction security and feature of environmental protection, realizes the environmental protection construction.)

1. A construction method for hard rock static blasting of an existing line under a subway under a subsurface excavation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

investigating the surrounding environment of an explosion application area;

designing a blasting scheme, determining that a main blast hole adopts shallow hole loosening control blasting and covering measures, reserving a protective layer with the thickness of 2m, drilling at least one row of shockproof holes in the protective layer in advance, blasting and excavating in a main blast area, excavating in a protective structure area in a mode of taking mechanical crushing as a main mode and smooth blasting as an auxiliary mode, determining the size and the loading capacity of a hole, and determining the type of blasting equipment, blasting parameters, a blast hole distance and the height of a step;

preparing professional explosion personnel;

setting out, arranging holes and drilling;

charging and installing detonating equipment;

safety guard, namely withdrawing the related personnel in the explosion-giving area to the outside of the safety distance;

detonating;

removing blind cannons;

and (6) disarming.

2. The underground excavation method underground existing line hard rock static blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of lofting, hole distribution and drilling construction specifically comprises:

construction preparation: before blasting construction, detecting unfavorable geology, processing the unfavorable geology to an in-place position according to a construction processing method, and lofting the actually measured excavation boundary line on an on-site excavation section;

arranging holes and drilling holes, releasing an excavation contour line according to design requirements, and marking the hole depth and the inclination angle direction of each blast hole site; before charging, checking whether hole position, depth and inclination are in compliance, whether blockage exists in the hole, whether falling blocks exist on the hole wall and whether accumulated water exists in the hole, and sealing the hole opening or setting a mark after drilling is finished.

3. The underground excavation method underground passing existing line hard rock static blasting construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of safety warning specifically comprises the following steps:

set up warning punctuation and send notice signal outside safety barrier:

a forenotice signal is sent 10 minutes before the detonation, all personnel irrelevant to the detonation are warned to be immediately removed to a place outside the dangerous area or a designated safe place, warning personnel are dispatched to the dangerous area, and the detonation personnel carry out laying, wiring and checking work of a detonation network;

initiating a signal, wherein alarm personnel evacuate from the dangerous area, and commanders confirm that personnel and equipment evacuate from the dangerous area after obtaining all reports from all aspects and mastering all conditions, and then release the initiating signal to initiate personnel responsible for initiating;

the alarm signal is released, the blasting personnel enters the site for inspection, the alarm signal is released after the safety is confirmed by inspection, a sentry guard is required to be on guard before the alarm signal is released, and no one except a director or an inspector approved by a blasting job leader enters a dangerous area.

4. The method for the static blasting construction of the hard rock of the underground excavation underground existing line according to claim 2, wherein in the drilling step, the diameter of the drilled hole is 42mm, the drilling depth of the rock is 80% -90% of the target crushed body, the drilling depth is 4m, and the charging depth is 100% of the hole depth.

5. The underground excavation method underground passing existing line hard rock static blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following concrete steps in the step of charging:

adding 22-32% of water by weight into the agent, stirring into a fluid state, uniformly filling into downward and transverse holes until the fluid state is full, and using 23.3kg of expanding agent for each cubic rock;

drilling holes in the horizontal direction and the downward direction, filling the high-strength long fiber paper bag with a medicament, putting the high-strength long fiber paper bag into a basin according to the number of cartridges required by one operation cycle, pouring clean water into the basin for completely soaking, taking out the cartridges, filling the cartridges one by one from the bottom of the holes when the cartridges are fully wet and completely do not bubble, tamping, and tightly filling the cartridges into the holes;

3-5 h after charging is the rock cracking time, and the cracking bubble is 2-3 cm wide;

adopting a multi-component filling group mode, when the medicines are taken and stirred, the main filling hand takes the medicines and stirs the medicines, the auxiliary filling hand ensures the tamping of the medicines, and the orifice is covered by an old jute bag after the tamping is finished;

the filling groups keep synchronous actions in the processes of taking, adding water, mixing and filling.

6. The method for static blasting construction of hard rock of an existing underground crossing underground subway line by using the underground excavation method as claimed in claim 5, further comprising the steps of adding an inhibitor into the mixing water for soaking the medicament, wherein the adding amount of the inhibitor is 5% -6% of the mixing water, adding the promoter in winter, and controlling the reaction time to be 30-60 minutes, wherein the mixing water temperature is not more than 50 ℃.

7. The underground excavation method underground passing existing line hard rock static blasting construction method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the following steps after the step of initiating:

the target size is crushed by adopting a cannon hammer type excavator, and the stone is transported to a target place by utilizing the cooperation of the excavator and a dump truck.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of subway construction, in particular to a construction method for hard rock static blasting of an existing line under a subway by a subsurface excavation method.

Background

The differential blasting, also called millisecond blasting, is a delay blasting with delay time interval of several milliseconds to several tens of milliseconds. Because the blasting time interval of the blast holes of the front and the back adjacent sections is extremely short, energy fields generated by blasting of the blast holes influence each other, the blasting effect can be improved, and the blasting earthquake effect, the shock wave and the flying rock hazard can be reduced.

The earth and stone squares in the foundation pit are mostly excavated by adopting a differential blasting mode. However, due to the influence of the construction environment, for example, commercial buildings, tourist attractions, light rail lines and the like exist around the construction, the problems of damage of the building and the shutdown of the existing light rail lines and the like may occur due to the excavation by the traditional differential blasting method, and great potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a construction method for static blasting of hard rock of an existing line under a subway under a subsurface excavation method, which solves the technical problems.

The invention provides a construction method for underground excavation method underground penetration of existing line hard rock static blasting, which comprises the following steps:

investigating the surrounding environment of an explosion application area;

designing a blasting scheme, determining that a main blast hole adopts shallow hole loosening control blasting and covering measures, reserving a protective layer with the thickness of 2m, drilling at least one row of shockproof holes in the protective layer in advance, blasting and excavating in a main blast area, excavating in a protective structure area in a mode of taking mechanical crushing as a main mode and smooth blasting as an auxiliary mode, determining the size and the loading capacity of a hole, and determining the type of blasting equipment, blasting parameters, a blast hole distance and the height of a step;

preparing professional explosion personnel;

setting out, arranging holes and drilling;

charging and installing detonating equipment;

safety guard, namely withdrawing the related personnel in the explosion-giving area to the outside of the safety distance;

detonating;

removing blind cannons;

and (6) disarming.

Preferably, the steps of lofting, hole distribution and drilling construction specifically include:

construction preparation: before blasting construction, detecting unfavorable geology, processing the unfavorable geology to an in-place position according to a construction processing method, and lofting the actually measured excavation boundary line on an on-site excavation section;

arranging holes and drilling holes, releasing an excavation contour line according to design requirements, and marking the hole depth and the inclination angle direction of each blast hole site; before charging, checking whether hole position, depth and inclination are in compliance, whether blockage exists in the hole, whether falling blocks exist on the hole wall and whether accumulated water exists in the hole, and sealing the hole opening or setting a mark after drilling is finished.

Preferably, the step of security alert specifically includes:

set up warning punctuation and send notice signal outside safety barrier:

a forenotice signal is sent 10 minutes before the detonation, all personnel irrelevant to the detonation are warned to be immediately removed to a place outside the dangerous area or a designated safe place, warning personnel are dispatched to the dangerous area, and the detonation personnel carry out laying, wiring and checking work of a detonation network;

initiating signals, warning personnel and the like are all evacuated from the dangerous area, after commanders obtain reports of all aspects and grasp all conditions, the commanders confirm that personnel and equipment are all evacuated from the dangerous area, and the initiating signals are issued, so that personnel in charge of initiating are initiated;

the alarm signal is released, the blasting personnel enters the site for inspection, the alarm signal is released after the safety is confirmed by inspection, a sentry guard is required to be on guard before the alarm signal is released, and no one except a director or an inspector approved by a blasting job leader enters a dangerous area.

Preferably, in the drilling step, the diameter of the drilled hole is 42mm, the drilling depth of the rock is 80% -90% of the target crushed body, the drilling depth is 4m, and the charging depth is 100% of the hole depth.

Preferably, in the charging step, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

adding 22-32% of water by weight into the agent, stirring into a fluid state, uniformly filling into downward and transverse holes until the fluid state is full, and using 23.3kg of expanding agent for each cubic rock;

drilling holes in the horizontal direction and the downward direction, filling the high-strength long fiber paper bag with a medicament, putting the high-strength long fiber paper bag into a basin according to the number of cartridges required by one operation cycle, pouring clean water into the basin for completely soaking, taking out the cartridges, filling the cartridges one by one from the bottom of the holes when the cartridges are fully wet and completely do not bubble, tamping, and tightly filling the cartridges into the holes;

3-5 h after charging is the rock cracking time, and the cracking bubble is 2-3 cm wide;

adopting a multi-component filling group mode, when the medicines are taken and stirred, the main filling hand takes the medicines and stirs the medicines, the auxiliary filling hand ensures the tamping of the medicines, and the orifice is covered by an old jute bag after the tamping is finished;

the filling groups keep synchronous actions in the processes of taking, adding water, mixing and filling.

Preferably, the method also comprises the steps of adding an inhibitor into the mixing water for soaking the medicament, wherein the adding amount is 5-6% of the mixing water, adding a promoter in winter, and controlling the reaction time within 30-60 minutes, wherein the temperature of the mixing water is not more than 50 ℃.

Preferably, after the step of initiating, the method further comprises:

the target size is crushed by adopting a cannon hammer type excavator, and the stone is transported to a target place by utilizing the cooperation of the excavator and a dump truck.

The underground excavation method subway underpass existing line hard rock static blasting construction method provided by the invention has the following technical advantages:

1. the static blasting construction does not need explosives, is a non-explosive dangerous material, does not need to handle various licenses required by conventional explosives, and is safe in construction and easy to manage;

2. in the construction process, the method is silent, free of vibration, flying stone, toxic gas and dust, is an international popular pollution-free environment-friendly method, and is environment-friendly and pollution-free;

3. the method is simple and easy to operate.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a construction flow chart of the construction method of the hard rock static blasting of the underground excavation method underground passing existing line.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a construction method for underground excavation method underground penetration of existing line hard rock static blasting, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s01, investigating the surrounding environment of the explosion region;

s02, designing a blasting scheme, determining that a main blast hole adopts shallow hole loosening control blasting and covering measures, reserving a protective layer with the thickness of 2m, drilling at least one row of shockproof holes in the protective layer in advance, excavating in a protective structure region in a mode of taking mechanical crushing as a main mode and smooth blasting as an auxiliary mode after blasting excavation of the main blast area, determining the size and the loading amount of holes, and determining the type of blasting equipment, blasting parameters, the distance between blasting holes and the height of steps;

s03, preparing professional exploders;

s04, lofting, hole distribution and drilling construction;

s05, charging and installing a detonator;

s06, safety warning, and withdrawing the related personnel in the explosion-applying area to the outside of the safety distance;

s07, detonating;

s08, removing blind guns;

and S09, disarming.

In step S01, the explosion area surrounding environment is investigated: confirm that station and interval peripheral place are spacious district, and the construction condition is better, involve pipelines such as municipal administration rain sewage, communication electric power all arrange to move outside the construction influence scope.

In step S02, according to the "blasting safety regulations" and related blasting data, combined with engineering experience, shallow hole blasting is determined as the main part, the damage distance of seismic waves and earth and stone flying is controlled, and construction is performed strictly according to the design dosage and network, so as to ensure that people outside the safety area are not injured and ground buildings and underground pipeline facilities are not injured; and a professional subcontracting unit compiles a special construction scheme and performs the construction after the report and the review are passed.

The main blast hole adopts 'shallow hole loosening control blasting + covering measure', the blast hole close to the position of the primary support structure is reserved with the thickness of a protective layer of 2m, one row or two rows of dense shockproof holes are drilled in the protective layer in advance, after blasting excavation is carried out in the main blast area, mechanical crushing is taken as the main mode, smooth blasting is adopted as the auxiliary mode for excavation, and the main blast area is provided with a plurality of large holes and less powder filling and is broken and excavated in a combined mode. In order to protect the finished primary support structure from being damaged by blasting and weaken the blasting vibration effect, one or two rows of 44 mm-phi dense shockproof holes are pre-drilled in the reserved protective rock layer to achieve an obvious shock absorption effect, and the earthquake weakening strength is 30-50%.

In the selection of blasting materials, a blast hole is drilled by a wet pneumatic rock drill, the diameter phi of a drill bit is 34mm, and the diameter phi of a formed hole is 36 mm; the diameter of the drill bit is 42mm, and the diameter of the formed hole is 44 mm.

The explosive is an emulsion explosive with the diameter of 32 mm; the detonator adopts a millisecond nonel detonator.

Other equipment requirements: the detonator and bamboo chips, the detonating tube, the blasting line, the rock powder, the quilt and the like.

In the selection of blasting parameters, the height of a shallow hole blasting step is not more than 2m, the aperture is preferably within 50mm, the aperture of a chassis resistance line is preferably 30-40 times, and the distance between blast holes is preferably 1.0-1.25 times of the chassis resistance line; the length of the 2 nd shallow hole blasting blocking is preferably 0.8-1.0 time of the minimum resistance line of the blast hole.

In addition, the diameter phi of the drill bit for the loosening blasting construction is 34mm, and the diameter phi of a formed hole is 36 mm; the drilling depth is 2m, and the ultra-deep depth is 0.2 m; the front row of holes are drilled vertically, and alpha is 90 degrees; the cloth holes are in a plum blossom shape.

The shallow hole loose blast hole (row) distances a, b can be determined according to the following formula:

a. b is (1.0-1.25) W, and the engineering takes 1 m.

Determining the step height: along with the pilot tunnel excavation, the upper step and the lower step of bedrock excavation are coordinately pushed, the step height is 2m, the step pushing is coordinately pushed with the pilot tunnel excavation and supporting construction, and the distance between the shock absorption hole and the back row of holes of the front shallow hole loosening blasting area is not less than 3 m.

In step S03, professional sub-packaging units and personnel are equipped to perform blasting operation, and the sub-packaging units meet the requirements of the industry governing department.

And then, entering a blasting construction stage.

Preparation stage of construction

Before blasting construction, on the basis of comprehensively knowing design files and design bottoms, unfavorable geology is detected and processed to be in place according to a design processing method, and the actually measured excavation boundary line is lofted on an on-site excavation section.

And informing residents related to the blasting operation influence range of blasting construction general profiles and possible influences, inquiring about opinions of relevant departments, and ensuring that construction is carried out smoothly.

In the hole distribution stage in step S04: an excavation contour line is released according to design requirements, and the hole depth and the inclination angle direction are marked for each gun hole position;

in the drilling stage in step S04: drilling is an important ring for good and bad blasting quality, and drilling is carried out according to the position, direction and angle of blasting design strictly, wherein the drilling is slow firstly and then fast. In the drilling process, careful operation is required, and drilling sticking, over drilling, drilling missing and wrong drilling are strictly prevented; before charging, it must be checked whether the hole position, depth and inclination meet the design requirements, whether the hole is blocked, whether the hole wall has falling blocks and whether water is accumulated in the hole. Especially, when a karst cave, a large crack or a mud interlayer and the like exist in a blast hole, the hole number and the position in the hole are recorded in detail in time and are handed over with field engineering technicians or blasting workers to serve as the basis for charging. After drilling, the hole should be covered or marked.

In the charging stage of step S05, the explosive should be charged strictly according to the designed explosive variety, specification and quantity, and the phenomena of undercharge and overcharge should not occur, thereby affecting the blasting effect. And (4) installing a detonating device according to the design, continuously carrying out uncoupled charge in the light blasting holes, and carrying out continuous centralized charge in the other blasting holes.

The blast hole filling material is filled by adopting the drilling stemming and should be carried out by adopting a layering tamping method without gaps or discontinuity. Each blast hole is filled with enough length which is not less than 1 m; the light explosion hole is filled to be not less than 0.4 m.

The purpose of filling the blast hole is to ensure that the explosive fully reacts to generate maximum heat and prevent the explosive from being incompletely detonated; prevent high-temperature and high-pressure detonation gas from escaping from blast holes or pilot tunnels prematurely, convert more energy generated by explosion into mechanical work of broken rock masses, and improve the effective utilization rate of explosive energy.

After all the work is finished, an experienced blasting worker is networked, and after repeated check, warning is sent out.

In step S06, a security alert is set.

Each time of detonation is implemented by a project organization, a safety quality part is implemented by real personnel, a safety quality part is organized by the project organization and the safety quality part to organize the outside guard of a safety guardrail, guard warning marks are arranged on the outer side of the guardrail and are provided with 6 guard points in total, 3 guard points are arranged outside the guardrail and 3 guard points inside a field, and striking identification plates for 'blasting construction starts immediately and please pedestrians' are arranged at each guard point; and (4) pulling warning lines at two ends of the sidewalk to forbid the vehicles and pedestrians from passing.

Initiation stage of step S07: and when all the policemen report that the warning is finished, the blasting master commander can issue a detonation instruction. After the detonation, the blasting result is firstly checked by a blaster, and when no blind shot is confirmed, the blasting warning can be released.

Step S08, blind shot processing stage: when the blasting network has faults or blind guns occur due to other reasons, the blind guns need to be processed, blasting engineering technicians or blasting workers need to carry out processing on the blind guns, other workers cannot enter a control area uniformly, and the blasting warning cannot be relieved when the blind guns are processed.

When blind misfire occurs after initiation, the special person is responsible for the treatment. First, judge the blind area according to the unexploded part and check the detonating tubes one by one. If the detonating tube is not detonated, whether to detonate again is determined according to the condition of the free face. If the detonation of the detonating tube is finished or the detonation fails, the hole drilling operation is required. Firstly, the stemming is taken out, then the explosive is flushed out by high-pressure wind and water, and the detonator is taken out.

After the blasting is finished and the blind shot is removed, the disarm is carried out, and after a technician checks that the site is correct, a disarm command is issued by a blasting team leader.

And then slag is discharged after explosion: the process of charging slag is supervised by a person specially, so that the detonator which is not exploded is prevented from losing along with the slag discharge.

The static blasting technology is adopted, the rock is cracked and cracked by means of the expansion force, the purpose of crushing is achieved, the operation is simple, blast holes do not need to be blocked, detonators do not need to be arranged, blasting and other operations do not need to be performed, disturbance to the surrounding soil body in the excavation process is small, and interference to the surrounding environment is greatly reduced.

In the steps of lofting, construction preparation in hole arrangement and drilling construction, hole arrangement and drilling, the following operations are sequentially executed:

determining whether the local air temperature, the medicament temperature, the mixing water temperature, the rock temperature and the container temperature are in accordance with the requirements; check if the medicament package is broken. The following materials were determined to be fully prepared prior to operation: medicament, clean mixing water, a water containing bucket, a mixing basin, a water ladle, a bucket stick (horizontal filling), protective glasses, rubber gloves, standby clean water and towels.

In the process, the residual water and the residual slag in the drill hole are blown and washed clean by high-pressure air, and the soil-free stone slag is arranged beside the hole opening.

Before blasting construction, the unfavorable geology is detected and processed to the position according to a construction processing method, and the actually measured excavation boundary line is lofted on the site excavation section.

In the eye laying stage, at least more than one free surface is determined before eye laying, and the drilling direction is parallel to the free surface as much as possible; the transverse distribution hole pitch is 30cm, the longitudinal pitch is 30cm, the horizontal arrangement blast holes are formed, the row pitch is about 30cm, row-by-row operation is required, the simultaneous operation of multiple rows is avoided, the drilling depth is determined according to the on-site stone state, the drilling depth is generally 1.2-2 m, and the single blasting depth is 1-1.8 m.

The diameter of the drilled hole has a direct relation with the crushing effect, and the drilled hole is too small to bring the medicament into full play; the drilled holes are too large to be punched, and therefore, the appropriate drilled hole size is adopted according to the actual terrain.

In the safety alert setting step, the blast alert must be set at the boundary of the hazardous area and a clear flag set, and the ground sentry should be set outside the range of the hazardous area so that all access to the blast area is within the monitoring range.

Before detonation, both audible and visual signals must be emitted so that personnel in the hazard area can clearly hear or see it.

First signal-advance signal: and all the personnel irrelevant to blasting are immediately removed to the outside of the danger area or a designated safety place and the security personnel are dispatched to the danger area after the personnel are sent out 10 minutes before the blasting. The initiating personnel carries out the final laying, wiring and checking work of the initiating network;

second signal-initiation signal: when the initiating person finishes the final wiring work, the warning person and the like all evacuate from the dangerous area, and the commander obtains reports of all aspects to master all conditions, the commander confirms that all personnel and equipment evacuate from the dangerous area, so that the initiating signal can be issued, and the personnel in charge of initiating can only initiate;

third signal-clear alarm signal: the blasting personnel enters the field for inspection, and sends a third signal after the safety is confirmed by inspection. Before the alarm signal is released, the sentry shall be on the post, and no one but the inspector approved by the director (or blasting job leader) shall enter the dangerous area.

In the drilling step, the drilling depth of the rock is 80-90% of the target crushed body; the drilling depth can reach about 4m, large-volume rocks need to be broken step by step, and the drilling depth can be selected according to construction requirements, and is generally better at 2 m. The charging depth is 100% of the hole depth.

In the charging step, the following steps are specifically performed:

firstly, 22-32 percent (weight ratio) of water (the specific water addition amount is determined by the size of a particle) can be added into the medicament and stirred into a fluid state (paste), the mixture is uniformly filled into downward and transverse holes until the holes are full, and 2.1kg of expanding agent is needed for each hole with the diameter of 42mm, namely 23.3kg of expanding agent is used for each cubic rock. When the cartridge is used for filling the drilled hole, the cartridge should be stabbed and compacted one by one. When the water-cement ratio of the coarse-particle medicament is adjusted to be 0.22-0.25, the flowability of the static crushing agent is better, and when the water-cement ratio of the fine-powder medicament is about 32%, the flowability is better, and the solid poking process can be omitted. The downward filling is smash and is produced more conveniently, according to the particular case of this building site, this building site plans to adopt the construction mode of "from top to bottom, layering breakage", makes things convenient for manual operation.

And secondly, drilling in the horizontal direction and the downward direction, filling the high-strength long fiber paper bags with slightly smaller ground drilling hole diameters with the medicament, putting the high-strength long fiber paper bags into a basin according to the quantity of the cartridges required by one operation cycle, pouring clean water into the basin for completely soaking, taking out the cartridges, filling the cartridges one by one from the bottom of the hole, tamping the cartridges, tightly filling the cartridges into the hole opening when the cartridges are fully wet and do not bubble at all for about 30-50 s. Namely 'centralized soaking, full soaking, filling one by one, splitting and tamping'. Or mixing the medicaments, pressing in the mixture by using a mortar pump, and plugging the hole opening by 5cm by using yellow mud to ensure that the water medicament does not flow out.

Thirdly, the rock cracking time is 3-5 hours after the charging is finished, and the width of a crack bubble is about 2-3 cm. After the rock is just cracked, water can be added into the crack to support the continuous and complete reaction of the medicament, so that a better effect can be obtained.

And fourthly, the engineering is used for carrying out rock crushing construction, and the coordination of operators are very important. A multi-component filling group should be used. Each group consists of a main filling hand and a subsidiary filling hand. When the medicines are taken and stirred, the main filling hand is responsible for taking medicine components and stirring, the auxiliary filling hand is responsible for ensuring the tamping of the medicines, and the orifice is covered by the old jute bag after the tamping is finished. Each group adopts the action operation of 'synchronous operation, little mixing and loading'.

Each group of construction workers must wear labor protection supplies before operation, and the number of holes in charge of hole loading in each operation cycle process cannot be too large. The dosage of the pesticide in each mixing can not exceed the actual work amount. The filling groups should keep synchronization and relative distance in the processes of taking, adding water, mixing and filling (so as to avoid mutual influence and safety accidents caused by punching), and the maximum expansion of the medicament in each hole can be kept in the same period, which is beneficial to the breaking of rocks.

Fifthly, in each filling process, the medicament which has started to generate chemical reaction (the appearance starts to emit gas and the temperature rises rapidly) is not allowed to be filled into the hole. The time from the adding of the medicament into the mixing water to the end of filling is not more than 5 minutes.

Control of reaction time of medicament

The speed of the medicament reaction is directly related to the temperature, the higher the temperature is, the faster the reaction time is, and the slower the reaction time is. In practice, there are two methods of controlling the reaction time of the agent too fast, one is to add the inhibitor to the mixing water, and the other is to control the temperature of the mixing water, the dry powder agent and the rock. The temperature is high in summer, the broken objects are shielded before the breaking, and the medicament is stored at a low-temperature position to avoid exposure to the sun. The mixing water temperature is controlled below 15 ℃.

Further, in order to prevent the occurrence of punch injury accidents due to the fact that the reaction time of the drug (roll) is too fast, an inhibitor for delaying the reaction time may be used. The inhibitor is put into the mixing water for soaking the medicament (roll). The adding amount is 5-6% of the mixing water. Adding promoter in winter and raising the temperature of mixing water. The water temperature for mixing can not exceed 50 ℃. The reaction time is controlled to be 30-60 minutes generally, and the reaction time can be shortened according to actual conditions on a construction site with good conditions, so that construction is facilitated.

After one-time static blasting is finished, relatively large stones generated by blasting are crushed to the required size by using a gun hammer type excavator, and then the stones are transported to a specified place by using the cooperation of the excavator and a dump truck.

The construction method for the hard rock static blasting of the underground excavation method underground passing existing line is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.