阅读说明：本技术 移动体 (Moving body ) 是由 岩井聪 吉野成保 藤原由喜男 于 2019-06-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供一种具备能够将向燃烧机构供给的空气效率良好地冷却、能够抑制燃气涡轮单元的输出的下降的冷却装置的移动体。移动体具备冷却装置(20),所述冷却装置(20)被用于发电系统(E),所述发电系统(E)具备燃气涡轮单元(G)和第一发电机构(35),所述燃气涡轮单元(G)由燃烧机构(6)将液体燃料气化的燃料气体及空气的混合气燃烧而产生燃烧气体,借助由该燃烧机构产生的燃烧气体,燃气涡轮(7)旋转驱动,所述第一发电机构(35)利用燃气涡轮(7)的旋转力进行发电,所述冷却装置(20)供于向燃烧机构(6)供给的空气的冷却,冷却装置(20)具备利用为了将液体燃料气化而利用过的载热体作为冷能源的第一冷却部(21)、利用来自冷冻机(10)的载热体作为冷能源的第二冷却部(22)及利用作为载热体的海水作为冷能源的第三冷却部(23)中的至少某两个。(Provided is a moving body provided with a cooling device capable of efficiently cooling air supplied to a combustion mechanism and suppressing a decrease in the output of a gas turbine unit. The mobile body is provided with a cooling device (20), the cooling device (20) is used for a power generation system (E), the power generation system (E) is provided with a gas turbine unit (G) and a first power generation mechanism (35), the gas turbine unit (G) is used for generating combustion gas by combustion of a fuel gas and air mixed gas of liquid fuel gasification through a combustion mechanism (6), the gas turbine (7) is rotationally driven through the combustion gas generated by the combustion mechanism, the first power generation mechanism (35) generates power by using the rotating force of the gas turbine (7), the cooling device (20) is used for cooling the air supplied to the combustion mechanism (6), the cooling device (20) is provided with a first cooling part (21) which uses a heat carrier used for gasifying the liquid fuel as cold energy, a second cooling part (22) which uses a heat carrier from a refrigerator (10) as the cold energy, and a third cooling part which uses seawater as the heat carrier as the cold energy At least one of the sections (23).)

1. A moving body provided with a cooling device used in a power generation system provided with a gas turbine unit that generates combustion gas by combustion of a mixture of air and fuel gas obtained by vaporizing liquid fuel by combustion means, and a first power generation mechanism that generates power by the rotational force of the gas turbine and that rotationally drives the gas turbine by the combustion gas generated by the combustion means, the cooling device being used for cooling the air supplied to the combustion means,

the cooling device includes at least any two of a first cooling unit that uses a heat medium used for vaporizing the liquid fuel as a cold energy source, a second cooling unit that uses a heat medium from a refrigerator as a cold energy source, and a third cooling unit that uses seawater as a heat medium as a cold energy source.

2. The movable body according to claim 1,

the cooling device includes the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

3. The movable body according to claim 2,

the first and second cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the second cooling portion and the first cooling portion in this order.

4. The movable body according to claim 1,

the cooling device includes the first cooling unit and the third cooling unit.

5. The movable body according to claim 4,

the first and third cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the third cooling portion and the first cooling portion in this order.

6. The movable body according to claim 1,

the cooling device includes the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit.

7. The movable body according to claim 6,

the second and third cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the third cooling portion and the second cooling portion in this order.

8. The movable body according to claim 1,

the cooling device includes the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit.

9. The movable body according to claim 8,

the first, second, and third cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the third cooling portion, the second cooling portion, and the first cooling portion in this order.

10. The movable body according to any one of claims 1 to 9,

the disclosed device is provided with:

a fuel tank storing the liquid fuel;

a vaporizing unit for vaporizing the liquid fuel by using the heat medium used in the first cooling unit as a warm heat source;

the aforementioned gas turbine unit; and

the first power generation mechanism.

11. The movable body according to claim 10,

the disclosed device is provided with:

a waste heat recovery boiler unit for gasifying water by means of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine unit;

a steam turbine unit for rotationally driving a steam turbine by the steam vaporized by the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit; and

a second power generation mechanism for generating power by using the rotational force of the steam turbine;

the moving body is a ship.

12. The movable body according to claim 11,

the cooling device includes the third cooling unit;

the steam turbine unit includes:

a condenser configured to collect steam used for the rotational driving of the steam turbine as condensed steam; and

and a condensed steam cooling unit for cooling the inside of the condenser using the seawater used in the third cooling unit as a cooling energy source.

13. The movable body according to claim 12,

the disclosed device is provided with:

a first seawater flow path through which the seawater supplied to the third cooling unit flows;

a second seawater flow path through which the seawater supplied from the third cooling unit to the condensed steam cooling unit flows;

a bypass flow path connecting the first seawater flow path and the second seawater flow path; and

and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the amount of the seawater flowing through the bypass passage.

14. The movable body according to any one of claims 1 to 13,

the number of operating gas turbine units is determined based on the power demand and the operating state of the cooling device.

15. The movable body according to any one of claims 1 to 14,

the operating state of the cooling device is determined based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit.

16. The movable body according to claim 15 wherein,

the cooling device includes the first cooling unit, and at least one of the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit;

the cooling device is configured to determine the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by at least one of the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit in a state where the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit, and determine the operating state of the cooling device.

17. The movable body according to claim 15 wherein,

the cooling device includes the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit;

in a state where the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit and the third cooling unit, the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the second cooling unit is determined based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit, and the operating state of the cooling device is determined.

18. The movable body according to any one of claims 1 to 14,

the operating state of the cooling device is determined based on at least one of the state of the atmosphere and the state of the cooling device, and the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by at least one of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit is determined.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a mobile unit including a cooling device for cooling air supplied to a combustion mechanism of a power generation system.

Background

A combined cycle power generation system, being a system of: combustion gas generated by the combustion mechanism is supplied to a gas turbine (gas turbine) to rotate the gas turbine, and the generator generates electricity by the rotational force, and also recovers heat remaining in exhaust gas from the gas turbine by an exhaust heat recovery boiler to generate steam, and the steam turbine is rotated by the generated steam, and the generator generates electricity by the rotational force.

Such a combined cycle power generation system is used not only by a power plant on land but also by a system capable of exhibiting high power generation efficiency in recent years, and therefore, use other than on land has been studied.

For example, patent document 1 discloses a marine power generation system mounted on a ship for the purpose of generating power on the ship. The marine power generation system is a power generation system installed in a ship such as an LNG ship, and generates rotational power by supplying combustion gas to a gas turbine and a generator generates power by the rotational power of the gas turbine, and also generates steam by recovering heat from exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine and supplies the generated steam to a steam turbine to generate rotational power, and the generator generates power by the rotational power of the steam turbine, in the same manner as the combined cycle power generation system.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2018-141381.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

Incidentally, although the gas turbine unit generates electric power by the rotational force of the generator by compressing the air taken in, mixing with the fuel gas in the combustion mechanism, and burning the fuel gas, and rotationally driving the gas turbine by the generated combustion gas, the quality of the air sent to the combustion mechanism decreases and the output decreases as a result (in other words, the power generation amount decreases) if the temperature of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism increases.

Therefore, when it is desired to secure a required power generation amount without being affected by the temperature of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism, it is necessary to deal with an increase in the number of gas turbine units to be installed.

However, if the number of gas turbine units to be installed is increased, a problem such as an increase in cost occurs. In particular, in a power generation system installed in a mobile body such as a ship like the marine power generation system described in patent document 1, space saving of the power generation system is required due to the space on the mobile body, and therefore, not only in terms of cost but also expansion of the installation space becomes a serious problem.

On the other hand, as a method for improving the decrease in the output of the gas turbine unit, a method of reducing the temperature of air supplied to the combustion mechanism has been proposed. As such a method, for example, there is a method in which mist is generated in an intake chamber into which air is taken, and the air taken into the intake chamber takes away latent heat of evaporation of the mist to cool air supplied to a combustion mechanism.

However, in the method using mist, since only the amount of mist up to the saturated vapor pressure corresponding to the atmospheric temperature can be evaporated, there is a problem that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism cannot be sufficiently cooled and the effect of output recovery is difficult to obtain when the power generation system is installed in a hot and humid tropical place with high temperature and humidity or when the power generation system is used in a high-temperature and humid environment in summer.

In particular, in the power generation system installed in a mobile body such as a ship like the marine power generation system described in patent document 1, the mobile body often moves in a tropical region, and the effect of output recovery is often not sufficiently obtained.

As a method of reducing the temperature of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism, there is also a method of providing a refrigerator that produces cold water using the heat of combustion of the fuel or the like, providing a heat exchanger that uses the cold water (cold energy) produced by the refrigerator in the intake chamber, and cooling the air supplied to the combustion mechanism with the cold water.

However, in the method using cold water from the refrigerator, when cold water capable of sufficiently cooling air supplied to the combustion mechanism is to be produced by the refrigerator, there is a problem that the effect of recovering the output of the gas turbine unit with respect to the amount of heat input to the refrigerator and the amount of electric power input is small, and the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system is reduced. In addition, when the amount of cold water to be produced is increased, there is a problem that the size of the refrigerator cannot be increased and the burden on the cost is increased.

As described above, only by the above-described method, there are problems that the effect of the output recovery is affected by the environment in which the power generation system is placed, and that it is difficult to suppress the decrease in the output of the gas turbine unit while achieving space saving of the power generation system while suppressing the decrease in the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a movable body including a cooling device that can efficiently cool air supplied to a combustion mechanism and can suppress a decrease in output of a gas turbine unit.

Means for solving the problems

The moving body according to the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized by comprising a cooling device, the cooling device is used for a power generation system provided with a gas turbine unit and a first power generation mechanism, the gas turbine unit is configured to generate combustion gas by combusting a mixture of air and fuel gas obtained by gasifying a liquid fuel by a combustion means, and to rotationally drive a gas turbine by the combustion gas generated by the combustion means, the first power generation means generates power by using the rotational force of the gas turbine, the cooling device cools air supplied to the combustion means, and the cooling device includes at least any two of a first cooling unit that uses a heat medium used for vaporizing the liquid fuel as cold energy, a second cooling unit that uses a heat medium from a refrigerator as cold energy, and a third cooling unit that uses seawater as a heat medium as cold energy.

According to the above feature, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled in at least two of the first cooling unit using the heat medium used for vaporizing the liquid fuel as the cold energy source, the second cooling unit using the heat medium from the refrigerator as the cold energy source, and the third cooling unit using seawater as the heat medium as the cold energy source.

For example, as in the related art, there are many cases where the air cannot be sufficiently cooled only by the cold energy possessed by the cold water from the refrigerator when the cold energy possessed by the cold water (cold energy) from the refrigerator is used alone, and there are other problems that the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system is lowered if the cold water capable of sufficiently cooling the air is to be produced, and the size of the refrigerator cannot be avoided if the production amount of the cold water is increased. However, in the above-described characteristic configuration, by cooling the air supplied to the combustion mechanism in at least two cooling units, it is possible to sufficiently cool the air supplied to the combustion mechanism while suppressing the occurrence of the above-described problem, and to easily obtain the effect of recovering the output of the power generation system, as compared with the case where only the cooling energy possessed by the cooling energy source from the refrigerator is used.

Further, the present invention is a mobile body provided with the cooling device as described above, and therefore, by moving the mobile body to a place where, for example, a combined cycle power generation system not provided with a cooling device is installed, the cooling device can be installed in the combined cycle power generation system, and thereby, a decrease in the output of the gas turbine unit can be suppressed.

In addition, according to a further characteristic configuration of the moving body of the present invention, the cooling device includes the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit.

According to the above feature, the first cooling unit cools the air supplied to the combustion mechanism using the heat medium used for vaporizing the liquid fuel as the cold energy source, and the second cooling unit cools the air using the heat medium from the refrigerator as the cold energy source.

In a power generation system that generates power using a liquid fuel, a heat medium that has taken away cooling energy from the liquid fuel is inevitably generated when the liquid fuel is vaporized, and therefore, the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel can be effectively used by using the heat medium that has taken away cooling energy from the liquid fuel as a cooling energy source for cooling air supplied to a combustion mechanism.

Further, unlike the case where only the cooling energy possessed by the cooling energy source from the refrigerator is used as described above, in the above-described characteristic structure, the cooling by the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel is used in combination with the cooling by not only the cooling energy source from the refrigerator, so that it is no longer necessary to cool the air by the cooling by only the cooling energy possessed by the cooling water from the refrigerator. Therefore, even if the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is sufficiently cooled to obtain the effect of recovering the output of the power generation system, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system and to avoid an increase in the size of the refrigerator.

As described above, according to the mobile unit having the above-described characteristic configuration, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be cooled by effectively utilizing the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel, and the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be cooled while suppressing a decrease in energy efficiency of the entire power generation system and reducing a burden in cost and saving space of the power generation system, whereby a decrease in output of the gas turbine unit can be suppressed.

In the moving body according to the present invention, the first and second cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the second cooling portion and the first cooling portion in this order.

The heat medium used as a cooling energy source in the first cooling unit is used to vaporize the liquid fuel, and the temperature thereof becomes very low due to the considerable cooling energy.

In contrast, the heat medium used as the cooling energy in the second cooling unit is cold water produced by a refrigerator or the like, and tends to have a relatively higher temperature than the heat medium used in the first cooling unit.

Therefore, according to the above-described characteristic configuration, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled in the second cooling unit in which the temperature of the heat medium used is relatively high, and then cooled in the first cooling unit in which the temperature of the heat medium used is relatively low, so that the air can be cooled without wasting the cooling energy possessed by each heat medium used in the two cooling units as much as possible.

In addition, according to a further characteristic configuration of the moving body of the present invention, the cooling device includes the first cooling unit and the third cooling unit.

According to the above feature, the first cooling unit cools the air supplied to the combustion mechanism using the heat medium used for vaporizing the liquid fuel as the cooling energy source, and the third cooling unit cools the air using the seawater as the heat medium as the cooling energy source.

As described above, in the first cooling unit, the heat medium deprived of the cooling energy, which is inevitably generated in the system for generating electricity using the liquid fuel, is used as the cooling energy source, and the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel can be effectively used.

Further, even when the temperature of the air cannot be reduced to such a temperature that the output drop of the power generation system can be suppressed by only the cooling energy obtained by vaporizing the liquid fuel consumed by the power generation system during power generation, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be cooled by the cooling energy possessed by the seawater in the third cooling portion to be reduced in temperature. This makes it easy to suppress a drop in output of the power generation system.

Further, in this characteristic configuration, since the refrigerator is not necessary, the problem of an increase in the size of the refrigerator does not occur, and the burden on the cost can be reduced and the space of the power generation system can be saved.

In this way, even in the mobile unit having the above-described characteristic configuration, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be cooled by effectively utilizing the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel, and the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be cooled in addition to reduction in energy efficiency of the entire power generation system, reduction in cost burden, and space saving of the power generation system, thereby suppressing a decrease in output of the gas turbine unit.

In the moving body according to the present invention, the first and third cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the third cooling portion and the first cooling portion in this order.

As described above, the heat medium used as the cold energy source in the first cooling unit obtains considerable cold energy from the liquid fuel, and the temperature thereof becomes very low.

In contrast, the seawater used as the cold energy source in the third cooling unit also depends on the depth of the water, but the temperature tends to be relatively high compared to the heat medium used as the cold energy source in the first cooling unit.

Therefore, according to the above-described characteristic configuration, the air supplied to the fuel mechanism is cooled in the third cooling unit in which the temperature of the heat medium used is relatively high, and then cooled in the first cooling unit in which the temperature of the heat medium used is relatively low, so that the air can be cooled without wasting the cooling energy possessed by each heat medium used in the two cooling units as much as possible.

In addition, a further characteristic configuration of the moving body according to the present invention is that the cooling device includes the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit.

According to the above feature, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled in the second cooling unit using the heat medium from the refrigerator as the cooling energy source, and the air is cooled in the third cooling unit using seawater as the heat medium as the cooling energy source.

As described above, unlike the case where only the cooling energy owned by the cooling energy source from the refrigerator is used, in the above-described characteristic structure, the cooling by the cooling energy owned by the seawater is used in combination with the cooling by the cooling energy source from the refrigerator, and thus it is no longer necessary to cool the air by the cooling energy owned by only the cooling water from the refrigerator. Therefore, even if the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is sufficiently cooled to obtain the effect of recovering the output of the power generation system, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system and to avoid an increase in the size of the refrigerator.

As described above, according to the mobile unit having the above-described characteristic configuration, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the output of the gas turbine unit by cooling the air supplied to the combustion mechanism while suppressing a decrease in the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system, reducing the burden on the cost, and saving the space of the power generation system.

In the moving body according to the present invention, the second and third cooling units of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the third cooling unit and the second cooling unit in this order.

The temperature of the seawater utilized as a source of cold energy in the third cooling section also depends on the depth taken, but this temperature is in a relatively high tendency compared to the cold water from the chiller utilized as a source of cold energy in the second cooling section.

Therefore, according to the above-described characteristic configuration, the air supplied to the fuel mechanism is cooled in the third cooling unit in which the temperature of the heat medium used is relatively high, and then cooled in the second cooling unit in which the temperature of the heat medium used is relatively low, so that the air can be cooled without wasting the cooling energy possessed by each heat medium used in the two cooling units as much as possible.

In addition, according to a further characteristic configuration of the moving body of the present invention, the cooling device includes the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit.

According to the above feature, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled in the first cooling unit that uses the heat medium used for vaporizing the liquid fuel as the cold energy source, the second cooling unit that uses the heat medium from the refrigerator as the cold energy source, and the third cooling unit that uses seawater as the cold energy source.

By cooling the air supplied to the combustion mechanism in the first, second, and third cooling units in this manner, even when the temperature of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism cannot be lowered to a temperature at which a drop in the output of the power generation system can be suppressed only by the cooling energy possessed by each of the heat exchangers used in any two of the 3 cooling units, for example, because the cooling energy obtained by vaporizing the liquid fuel consumed by the power generation system during power generation is insufficient, the temperature of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be lowered by cooling the air by the cooling energy possessed by each of the heat exchangers used in the 3 cooling units by providing the 3 cooling units. This can further suppress a decrease in the output of the power generation system.

In the moving body according to the present invention, the first, second, and third cooling portions of the cooling device are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustion mechanism flows through the third cooling portion, the second cooling portion, and the first cooling portion in this order.

As described above, the temperature of the seawater used as the cooling energy source in the third cooling unit also depends on the depth of the sampling, but the temperature tends to be relatively higher than the temperatures of the heat medium used as the cooling energy source in the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit; in addition, the heat medium used as the cooling energy in the second cooling unit tends to have a relatively higher temperature than the heat medium used in the first cooling unit.

Therefore, according to the above-described characteristic configuration, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled in the order of the cooling units in which the relative temperatures of the heat mediums to be used are high to low, that is, after being cooled in the third cooling unit, the air is cooled in the second cooling unit and then the air is cooled in the first cooling unit, so that the air can be cooled without wasting the cooling energy possessed by each heat medium used in the 3 cooling units as much as possible.

Further, a moving object according to the present invention is a moving object including: a fuel tank storing the liquid fuel; a vaporizing unit for vaporizing the liquid fuel by using the heat medium used in the first cooling unit as a warm heat source; the aforementioned gas turbine unit; and the first power generation mechanism.

According to the above feature, the movable body is provided with the cooling device, the fuel tank, the vaporizing section, the gas turbine unit, and the first power generation mechanism, and in the movable body, the first power generation mechanism generates power by the rotational force of the gas turbine in the gas turbine unit. In the mobile unit having such a configuration, by providing the cooling device, the air supplied to the combustion mechanism can be cooled while suppressing a decrease in energy efficiency of the entire power generation system, reducing a burden in terms of cost, and saving space of the power generation system, and thereby, a decrease in output of the gas turbine unit can be suppressed, and power generation can be performed efficiently.

In the mobile unit according to the present invention, even if the area in which the mobile unit moves or stops is a tropical area, the cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the cooling device is not utilized by mist as in the conventional case, and therefore, an effect of recovering the output of the power generation system can be obtained.

Further, a moving object according to the present invention is a moving object including: a waste heat recovery boiler unit for gasifying water by means of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine unit; a steam turbine unit for rotationally driving a steam turbine by the steam vaporized by the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit; and a second power generation mechanism for generating power by using the rotational force of the steam turbine; the moving body is a ship.

According to the above-described characteristic configuration, the moving body is a ship (in other words, a ship having a combined cycle power generation system mounted thereon) further including the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit, the turbine unit, and the second power generation mechanism, and in the ship as the moving body, the steam turbine is rotationally driven by the heat possessed by the exhaust gas from the gas turbine unit, and power is generated also by the second power generation mechanism by the rotational force of the steam turbine. Therefore, the heat possessed by the exhaust gas from the gas turbine unit can be effectively utilized to efficiently generate electricity.

In addition, in the mobile body according to the present invention, even when the area where the ship as the mobile body is sailing or parked is a tropical place in many cases, the cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the cooling device is not utilized by mist as in the conventional case, and therefore, an effect of recovering the output of the power generation system can be obtained.

In addition, a further characteristic configuration of the moving body according to the present invention is that the cooling device includes a third cooling unit that uses seawater as a heat medium as a cold energy source; the steam turbine unit includes: a condenser configured to collect steam used for the rotational driving of the steam turbine as condensed steam; and a condensed steam cooling unit for cooling the inside of the condenser using the seawater used in the third cooling unit as a cooling energy source.

According to the above feature, the seawater used in the third cooling unit can be used as cooling energy, the inside of the condenser is cooled in the condensed steam cooling unit, and the steam discharged from the steam turbine is cooled in the condenser and can be recovered as condensed steam.

Therefore, since the seawater can be supplied to the third cooling unit and the condensed water cooling unit or recovered from these cooling units by using a part of the piping for the seawater, the piping arrangement can be simplified, or the number of pumps required for circulating the seawater in the piping can be reduced.

Further, a moving object according to the present invention is a moving object including: a first seawater flow path through which the seawater supplied to the third cooling unit flows; a second seawater flow path through which the seawater supplied from the third cooling unit to the condensed steam cooling unit flows; a bypass flow path connecting the first seawater flow path and the second seawater flow path; and an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the amount of the seawater flowing through the bypass passage.

In the case where the temperature difference between the seawater supplied to the third cooling unit and the outside air sucked for supply to the combustion mechanism is small, even if the amount of seawater supplied to the third cooling unit is small, a difference in the effect of cooling the air is not easily observed, but in such a case, the entire amount of seawater pumped up by the pump is always circulated to the condensed steam cooling unit via the third cooling unit, which causes an unnecessary increase in the output of the pump. In such a case where the temperature of the seawater is higher than the temperature of the outside air, the air may be heated by supplying the seawater to the third cooling unit.

According to the above feature, by providing the bypass passage connecting the first seawater passage and the second seawater passage, and adjusting the amount of seawater flowing through the bypass passage by the adjustment means, the amount of seawater flowing into the condensed steam cooling unit via the third cooling unit and the amount of seawater flowing into the condensed steam cooling unit via the bypass passage without passing through the third cooling unit can be adjusted.

Therefore, by adjusting the amount of seawater flowing through the bypass passage in accordance with the amount of seawater required by the third cooling unit, an unnecessary increase in the pump output can be suppressed. In such a case where the temperature of the seawater is higher than the temperature of the outside air, the entire amount of seawater pumped up by the pump is adjusted to flow through the bypass passage, so that the seawater is not supplied to the third cooling unit, and the air can be prevented from being heated.

In addition, a further characteristic configuration of the mobile unit according to the present invention is that the number of operating gas turbine units is determined based on a power demand and an operating state of the cooling device.

According to the above feature configuration, the number of gas turbine units corresponding to the power demand can be operated without unnecessarily increasing the number of gas turbine units to be operated.

The operating state of the cooling device is changed according to the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by each of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit, and the operating state of the cooling device can be appropriately changed by changing the degree of cooling of the air by each of the cooling units. The degree of cooling of the air by each cooling unit may be changed by changing the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the cooling unit, or by starting or stopping the supply of the heat medium to the cooling unit.

The power demand in the present application is a concept including power required by a mobile body, power required by one or more devices to which power is supplied from the mobile body, power to be generated by a power generation system for the purpose of power storage or the like, and the like.

Further, a further characteristic configuration of the mobile unit according to the present invention is that the operating state of the cooling device is determined based on a power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit.

According to the above feature, the cooling device can be operated in an appropriate operating state commensurate with the power demand, and a load acting on the cooling device more than necessary can be prevented from occurring.

In addition, according to a further feature of the moving body of the present invention, the cooling device includes the first cooling unit, and at least one of the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit; the cooling device is configured to determine the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by at least one of the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit in a state where the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit, and determine the operating state of the cooling device.

According to the above feature, in the state where the air is cooled by the first cooling unit, the degree of cooling of the air by at least one of the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit can be determined based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit, and the operating state of the cooling device can be determined. Therefore, the operating state of the cooling device determined in this way is an operating state in which the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel is effectively utilized.

In addition, the above feature includes: determining the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the second cooling unit and the third cooling unit based on the power demand and the output characteristics of the gas turbine unit in a state in which the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit, thereby determining the operating state of the cooling device; determining the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the second cooling unit based on the power demand and the output characteristics of the gas turbine unit in a state in which the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit, thereby determining the operating state of the cooling device; and determining the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the third cooling unit based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit in a state where the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit, thereby determining the operating state of the cooling device.

In addition, a further characteristic configuration of the moving body according to the present invention is that the cooling device includes the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit; in a state where the air supplied to the combustion mechanism is cooled by the first cooling unit and the third cooling unit, the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by the second cooling unit is determined based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine unit, and the operating state of the cooling device is determined.

According to the above feature, in a state where the air is cooled by the first cooling unit and the third cooling unit, the degree of cooling of the air by the second cooling unit can be determined based on the power demand and the output characteristic of the gas turbine, and the operating state of the cooling device can be determined. Therefore, the operating state of the cooling device determined in this way is an operating state in which the cooling energy possessed by the liquid fuel is effectively utilized.

In the moving body according to the present invention, the operating state of the cooling device is determined based on at least one of the state of the atmosphere and the state of the cooling device, and the degree of cooling of the air supplied to the combustion mechanism by at least one of the first cooling unit, the second cooling unit, and the third cooling unit is determined.

According to the above feature, the operating state of the cooling device can be determined based on the state of the atmosphere, and the degree of cooling of the air by each cooling unit can be determined. Therefore, for example, when the state in which the air is not cooled by any 1 of the 1 st to 3 rd cooling units is determined as the operating state of the cooling device, the degree of cooling of the air by the other cooling units can be determined, and the cooling device can be operated. The atmospheric state refers to the atmospheric temperature, air pressure, humidity, and the like, and the state of the cooling device refers to the presence or absence of a failure, the temperature of the seawater used, the amount of LNG used, and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power generation system mounted on a ship according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerator.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power generation system mounted on a ship according to embodiment 2.

Fig. 4 is a graph showing an output characteristic of the gas turbine unit.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing efficiency characteristics of the gas turbine unit.

Detailed Description

[ 1 st embodiment ]

Hereinafter, a moving object according to embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, a case where the moving object is a ship will be described as an example.

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power generation system E mounted on a ship (LNG ship). As shown in the drawing, the power generation system E includes: a fuel tank 1 in which Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a liquid fuel is stored; a vaporizer 2 (vaporizing unit) for vaporizing LNG as a fuel gas by using water as a heat medium; a gas turbine unit G configured to generate combustion gas by combusting a mixture of fuel gas and air by a combustor 6 (combustion means), and to rotationally drive a gas turbine 7 by the combustion gas generated by the combustor 6; a refrigerator 10 that produces water as a cold energy source (cold heat source); a cooling device 20 that cools air supplied to the combustor 6; an exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25 that gasifies water by using the heat (warm heat) of the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine unit G to produce steam; a steam turbine unit S in which the steam turbine 30 is rotationally driven by steam vaporized by the exhaust gas from the gas turbine unit G; a first generator 35 (first power generation mechanism) that generates power using the rotational force of the gas turbine 7; and a second generator 36 (second power generation mechanism) that generates electric power using the rotational force of the steam turbine 30.

The fuel tank 1 is connected to the other end of a fuel supply path L1 having one end connected to the combustor 6 of the gas turbine unit G, and a vaporizer 2 is disposed in the fuel supply path L1. The vaporizer 2 is a heat exchanger connected to a vaporizing medium supply path L2 through which water flows as a warm heat source (warm heat source) and a first cooling medium supply path L3 through which water having cold heat (cold heat) obtained from LNG flows, and the LNG supplied from the fuel tank 1 is heated and vaporized by the warm heat possessed by the water supplied through the vaporizing medium supply path L2 in the vaporizer 2, and is supplied to the combustor 6 as fuel gas.

The gas turbine unit G has a compressor 5, a combustor 6, and a gas turbine 7. The compressor 5 is rotationally driven by the gas turbine 7, is configured to be supplied with air cooled by a cooling device 20 described later via a first air supply passage L10, and compresses the supplied air and sends it to the combustor 6. The combustor 6 combusts a mixture gas obtained by mixing the fuel gas supplied via the fuel supply passage L1 with the compressed air supplied from the compressor 5 via the second air supply passage L11, and sends the generated combustion gas to the gas turbine 7 via the combustion gas supply passage L12. The gas turbine 7 is rotationally driven by the combustion gas sent from the combustor 6, and the rotational force is transmitted to the compressor 5 and the first generator 35. The combustion gas supplied to the rotation drive of the gas turbine 7 is sent as an exhaust gas to the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25 described later through an exhaust gas supply passage L13.

The refrigerator 10 of the present embodiment is a so-called absorption refrigerator, and includes, as shown in fig. 2, an evaporator 11, an absorber 13, a regenerator 15, and a condenser 17.

The evaporator 11 is provided therein with a second cooling medium supply path L4 through which water supplied as a cooling energy source to the second cooling unit 22 of the cooling device 20 described later flows, a cooling medium recovery path L5 connected to the second cooling medium supply path L4 through which water deprived of cooling energy in the second cooling unit 22 flows, and a first spraying means 12 for spraying water stored in the evaporator 11 by pumping up the water with a pump (not shown) and spraying the water into the evaporator 11. The evaporator 11 is in communication with the absorber 13 through a passage, and the inside of the evaporator 11 and the absorber 13 is depressurized by a vacuum pump (not shown). In the evaporator 11, the water sprayed by the first spraying means 12 is evaporated at a low temperature of about 5 ℃ under reduced pressure, and the water flowing through the cooling medium recovery passage L5 is cooled by the water, whereby water having cooling energy utilized as a cooling energy source in the second cooling portion 22 is produced. The water (i.e., water vapor) evaporated at a low temperature moves to the absorber 13 through the passage.

The absorber 13 stores an absorption liquid (for example, an aqueous lithium bromide solution) therein, and is provided with a second spraying means 14 for spraying a high-concentration absorption liquid heated in a regenerator 15 described later into the absorber 13. In the absorber 13, the high-concentration absorption liquid sprayed by the second spraying mechanism 14 is cooled by the refrigerant, and the cooled absorption liquid absorbs the water vapor generated in the evaporator 11.

The absorption liquid stored in the absorber 13 is pumped up by a pump (not shown) and supplied to the regenerator 15, and the supplied absorption liquid is heated by the heating means 16. The heating mechanism 16 is not particularly limited as long as it can heat the absorbing liquid, and examples thereof include a mechanism using combustion heat of the fuel gas, heat of an electric heater, and the like. In the regenerator 15, the water vapor absorbed by the absorption liquid in the absorber 13 is separated by heating the absorption liquid supplied from the absorber 13. The separated steam moves to the condenser 17 communicating with the regenerator 15 through the passage.

In the condenser 17, the water vapor separated in the regenerator 15 is cooled by a refrigerant, and the condensed water is supplied to the evaporator 11. In cooling the high-concentration absorption liquid in the absorber 13 and cooling the water vapor in the condenser 17, cooling energy possessed by a refrigerant (e.g., water) supplied from the outside is appropriately utilized, and the refrigerant flow passage La through which the refrigerant flows passes through the interiors of the absorber 13 and the condenser 17.

The water produced in the evaporator 11 of the refrigerator 10 as the cooling energy source may be used only by the second cooling unit 22, but may be used for an air conditioner provided in a ship. That is, the air conditioner may be appropriately connected to a flow path branched from each of the second cooling medium supply path L4 and the cooling medium recovery path L5 connected to the evaporator 11, water as cold energy may be supplied to the air conditioner through the second cooling medium supply path L4, and water deprived of the air conditioner by energy may be recovered through the cooling medium recovery path L5.

The cooling device 20 is configured to cool air flowing through the first air supply passage L10 (air supplied to the combustor 6). Specifically, in the present embodiment, the cooling device 20 includes: a first cooling unit 21 that uses water, which is used as a heat medium for vaporizing LNG, as a cold energy source; a second cooling unit 22 that uses water produced by the refrigerator 10 as a cooling energy source; and a third cooling unit 23 using seawater as a heat medium as a cold energy source.

The first cooling unit 21 is a heat exchanger connected to the gasification medium supply path L2 and the first cooling medium supply path L3, and water as a heat medium circulates between the gasifier 2 and the first cooling unit 21 through the gasification medium supply path L2 and the first cooling medium supply path L3. The first cooling unit 21 cools the air supplied to the combustor 6 by the cooling energy possessed by the water (i.e., the water obtained from the LNG) supplied through the first cooling medium supply path L3.

The second cooling unit 22 is a heat exchanger connected to the second cooling medium supply path L4 and the cooling medium recovery path L5, and water as a heat medium circulates between the evaporator 11 of the refrigerator 10 and the second cooling unit 22 through the second cooling medium supply path L4 and the cooling medium recovery path L5. The second cooling unit 22 cools the air supplied to the combustor 6 by the cooling energy possessed by the water supplied through the second cooling medium supply path L4 (i.e., the water produced by the refrigerator 10 and having obtained the cooling energy).

The third cooling unit 23 is a heat exchanger connected to a first seawater supply line L6 (first seawater flow path) through which seawater pumped up from the sea by a pump P1 flows and a second seawater supply line L7 (second seawater flow path) through which seawater supplied to a condensing cooling unit 32 (described later) flows. The third cooling unit 23 cools the air supplied to the combustor 6 by the cold energy possessed by the seawater as the cold energy supplied through the first seawater supply path L6. A bypass flow path L8 connecting the first seawater supply path L6 and the second seawater supply path L7 is connected between the pump P1 and the third cooling unit 23 in the first seawater supply path L6.

Further, an adjuster 24 (adjusting means) is provided at a connection point of the bypass passage L8 in the first seawater supply passage L6, and the amount of seawater flowing through the bypass passage L8 can be adjusted by the adjuster 24.

Further, in the present embodiment, the cooling units 21, 22, and 23 are arranged in the order of the third cooling unit 23, the second cooling unit 22, and the first cooling unit 21 from the upstream side in the flow direction of the air flowing toward the combustor 6, and the air taken into the first air supply passage L10 is cooled in the order of the third cooling unit 23, the second cooling unit 22, and the first cooling unit 21.

The exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25 is configured to recover the warm heat possessed by the exhaust gas supplied to the rotational drive of the gas turbine 7 and discharged from the gas turbine 7. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25 heats and gasifies water in the plurality of drums (drum) 26 by the heat possessed by the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 7 to produce steam. Then, the steam is sent to the steam turbine 30 of the steam turbine unit S through the steam supply passage L14. The exhaust gas from which the warm heat is recovered is appropriately discharged to the outside.

The steam turbine unit S includes a steam turbine 30, a condenser (steam condenser) 31, and a condensed steam cooling unit 32. The steam turbine 30 is rotationally driven by the steam sent from the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25, and the rotational force is transmitted to the second generator 36. The condenser 31 has a condensed steam cooling unit 32 disposed therein, and the steam driven by the rotation of the steam turbine 30 is returned to water in the condenser 31 and supplied to the drum 26 via a water supply path L15. The condensed water cooling unit 32 is a heat exchanger connected to the second seawater supply path L7 and the seawater discharge path L9 for discharging seawater into the sea, and cools the condenser 31 by the cooling energy possessed by the seawater supplied through the second seawater supply path L7, and the seawater supplied to the condenser 31 for cooling is discharged into the sea through the seawater discharge path L9. In the present embodiment, when the temperature of the seawater supplied through the second seawater supply path L7 is about 32 ℃, the temperature of the seawater supplied to the condenser 31 for cooling is about 42 ℃.

The first generator 35 is driven by the gas turbine 7 to generate electric power, and the second generator 36 is driven by the steam turbine 30 to generate electric power.

In the moving body having the above configuration, the fuel gas gasified in the gasifier 2 is supplied to the combustor 6, the air cooled in the cooling device 20 is supplied to the combustor 6, the mixed gas in which the fuel gas and the air are mixed is combusted in the combustor 6, and the generated combustion gas is sent to the gas turbine 7, whereby the gas turbine 7 is rotationally driven, and the first generator 35 is driven by the rotational force thereof to generate electric power.

In the mobile unit, the combustion gas supplied to the gas turbine 7 for rotational driving is sent to the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25 as exhaust gas, steam is generated in the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25 by the warm heat possessed by the exhaust gas, and the steam is sent to the steam turbine 30, whereby the steam turbine 30 is rotationally driven, and the second generator 36 is driven by the rotational force to generate electric power.

According to the ship including the power generation system E according to the present embodiment, since the air supplied to the combustor 6 is cooled by the cooling device 20, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the output of the power generation system E (in other words, a decrease in the amount of power generation). In addition, in the case where a plurality of gas turbine units G are installed in a ship, since the provision of the cooling device 20 can suppress a decrease in the output of the power generation system E, the number of installed gas turbine units G required to obtain the same power can be reduced, and the facility cost, maintenance cost, and installation space can be reduced.

In addition, since the cooling device 20 of the present embodiment uses the heat medium, which is inevitably generated when the LNG is vaporized and which has taken away the cooling energy from the LNG, as the cooling energy source for cooling the air supplied to the combustor 6, the cooling energy possessed by the LNG can be effectively used.

Further, by cooling the air supplied to the combustor 6 in the 3 cooling units 21, 22, and 23, it is possible to sufficiently cool the air supplied to the combustor 6 and suppress a decrease in the output of the power generation system E while solving a problem that the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system E decreases, a problem that the refrigerator 10 cannot be increased in size, a problem that the output of the power generation system E decreases due to insufficient cooling energy obtained by vaporizing LNG consumed by the power generation system E during power generation, and the like.

Here, the water used as the cold energy in the first cooling unit 21 is used for vaporizing the LNG. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, if the LNG is gasified with the water used in the first cooling unit 21 to form fuel gas of about 10 ℃ when the temperature of the LNG is about-160 ℃, the water as the heat medium obtains a considerable amount of cooling energy, and when the temperature before obtaining the cooling energy is about 13 ℃, the temperature after obtaining the cooling energy is about 5 ℃.

On the other hand, the water used as the cooling energy in the second cooling unit 22 is produced by the refrigerator 10, and tends to have a relatively higher temperature than the water used in the first cooling unit 21, and in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature at the time of supply to the second cooling unit 22 is about 7 ℃.

The seawater used as the cooling energy source in the third cooling unit 23 is also dependent on the depth of the water to be taken, and if it is taken up from a depth of 30m to 70m, it is about 20 to 30 ℃, as shown in fig. 1, 25 ℃ in the present embodiment, and the temperature of the water after being deprived of cooling energy by air in the third cooling unit 23 is about 32 ℃.

In the present embodiment, since the third cooling unit 23, the second cooling unit 22, and the first cooling unit 21 are arranged in this order from the upstream side in the flow direction of the air flowing to the combustor 6, the air (35 ℃ in the present embodiment) sucked into the first air supply passage L10 is cooled in the order of the cooling units 21, 22, and 23 in which the temperature of the heat medium to be used is relatively high to low, that is, the air supplied to the combustor 6 can be cooled to about 30 ℃ first by cooling in the third cooling unit 23, then to about 20 ℃ by cooling in the second cooling unit 22, and then to the first cooling unit 21, so that the air can be cooled to about 15 ℃ finally, and the air can be cooled efficiently without wasting the cooling energy possessed by each heat medium used in the 3 cooling units 21, 22, and 23 as much as possible.

In the present embodiment, by sharing a part of the seawater piping (i.e., the first seawater supply line L6, the second seawater supply line L7, and the seawater discharge line L9) for supplying seawater to the third cooling unit 23 and the condensed-seawater cooling unit 32 or recovering seawater from these cooling units 23, 32, the piping arrangement becomes simple, and it is sufficient that the number of pumps P1 for circulating seawater is 1.

Further, in the present embodiment, the bypass passage L8 connecting the first seawater supply passage L6 and the second seawater supply passage L7 is provided so that the amount of seawater flowing through the bypass passage L8 can be adjusted by the adjustment device 24, which has the following advantages.

For example, when the temperature difference between the air sucked into the first air supply path L10 and the seawater used in the third cooling unit 23 is small, even if the amount of seawater supplied to the third cooling unit 23 is small, the effect of cooling the air is not likely to be different, but in any case, the seawater is caused to flow to the condensed steam cooling unit 32 via the third cooling unit 23, which causes an unnecessary increase in the pump output. In such a case where the temperature of the sucked air is higher than the temperature of the seawater, the seawater may be supplied to the third cooling unit 23, which may instead heat the air.

However, in the mobile unit according to the present embodiment, the amount of seawater flowing through the bypass passage L8 is adjusted by the adjustment device 24 as necessary, whereby an unnecessary increase in the output of the pump P1 can be suppressed. In the mobile unit according to the present embodiment, the adjustment device 24 adjusts the flow rate of the entire amount of seawater pumped up by the pump P1 to flow through the bypass passage L8, so that even when the temperature of the seawater is higher than the temperature of the air, the air can be prevented from being heated by the seawater.

[ 2 nd embodiment ]

Next, a moving object according to embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a case where the moving object is a ship will be described as an example. Note that the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power generation system E1 mounted on a ship (LNG ship). As shown in the drawing, the power generation system E1 includes a vaporizer 2, a plurality of gas turbine units Ga and Gb, a refrigerator 10, a plurality of cooling devices 20a and 20b, a plurality of exhaust heat recovery boiler units 25a and 25b, and a steam turbine unit S. The power generation system E1 includes the control device 40 and a temperature sensor Tb for detecting the atmospheric temperature. Although not shown, the power generation system E1 for a mobile unit according to embodiment 2 also includes a fuel tank in which liquefied natural gas is stored, a first power generation mechanism that generates power by the rotational force of the gas turbines 7a and 7b of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb, and a second power generation mechanism that generates power by the rotational force of the steam turbine 30. In fig. 3, a plurality of gas turbine units, a plurality of cooling devices, and a plurality of exhaust heat recovery boiler units are each provided with two units.

In embodiment 2, a fuel adjustment valve V1 is provided between the fuel tank and the vaporizer 2 in the fuel supply path L1, and the opening and closing operation of the fuel adjustment valve V1 is controlled by the controller 40 based on the power demand, the operating state of the gas turbine unit, and the like.

In embodiment 2, the vaporizing medium supply path L2 connected to the vaporizer 2 is branched into the vaporizing medium supply paths L2a and L2b on the upstream side thereof, and the first cooling medium supply path L3 connected to the vaporizer 2 is branched into the first cooling medium supply paths L3a and L3b on the downstream side thereof. Further, the cooling medium supply path L3 is provided with the heat exchanger 37 and the buffer tank 38 in this order from the upstream side. The heat exchanger 37 exchanges heat between water obtained from the LNG in the vaporizer 2 and seawater suitably pumped up from the sea, and the buffer tank 38 temporarily stores water supplied to the first cooling units 21a and 21b at the time of starting the power generation system E1.

The two gas turbine units Ga and Gb have the same configuration as the gas turbine unit G of embodiment 1, and include compressors 5a and 5b and gas turbines 7a and 7 b. That is, in the present embodiment, the compressors 5a and 5b supply the air cooled by the cooling devices 20a and 20b through the first air supply passages L10a and L10b, respectively. The air supplied to the compressors 5a and 5b is mixed with a fuel gas in a combustor, not shown, and is combusted. The combustion gas generated by the combustor is sent to the gas turbines 7a and 7b and is supplied to the gas turbines 7a and 7b for rotational driving, and then is sent as exhaust gas to the exhaust heat recovery boiler units 25a and 25b through the exhaust gas supply passages L13a and L13 b.

In the second embodiment, the second cooling medium supply path L4 connected to the refrigerator 10 branches into the second cooling medium supply paths L4a and L4b on the downstream side of the refrigerator 10, and the cooling medium recovery path L5 connected to the refrigerator 10 similarly branches into the cooling medium recovery paths L5a and L5b on the upstream side of the refrigerator 10. Further, in embodiment 2, a seawater temperature sensor Ta for measuring the temperature of seawater is provided in the refrigerant flow path La passing through the absorber 13 and the condenser 17 of the refrigerator 10.

The first cooling portions 21a and 21b of the cooling devices 20a and 20b according to the second embodiment are connected to the vaporization medium supply passages L2a and L2b and the first cooling medium supply passages L3a and L3b, respectively. The second cooling units 22a and 22b are connected to second cooling medium supply paths L4a and L4b and cooling medium recovery paths L5a and L5b, respectively.

In the second embodiment, the first seawater supply passage L6 is branched into the first seawater supply passages L6a and L6b on the downstream side of the pump P1, the first seawater supply passages L6a and L6b are connected to the third cooling portions 23a and 23b of the cooling devices 20a and 20b, respectively, the seawater discharge passages L9a and L9b are connected, and the seawater supplied to the third cooling portions 23a and 23b through the first seawater supply passages L6a and L6b is discarded into the sea through the seawater discharge passages L9a and L9 b. In the cooling devices 20a and 20b, the cooling units 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b are also arranged in the order of the third cooling units 23a and 23b, the second cooling units 22a and 22b, and the first cooling units 21a and 21b from the upstream side of the first air supply paths L10a and L10 b.

The exhaust heat recovery boiler units 25a and 25b of the second embodiment gasify water in the drums 26a and 26b with the exhaust gas sent from the gas turbines 7a and 7b through the exhaust gas supply passages L13a and L13b, respectively, to produce steam. Then, the steam is sent to the steam turbine 30 through the supply passages L14a and L14 b.

In the second embodiment, the condensed steam cooling unit 32 of the steam turbine unit S is connected to the second seawater supply path L7 branched from the first seawater supply path L6b and to the seawater discharge path L9c, and the seawater supplied through the second seawater supply path L7 is discarded into the sea through the seawater discharge path L9 c. The steam generated by the respective exhaust heat recovery boiler units 25a and 25b is recovered to water in the condenser 31, and is supplied to the drums 26a and 26b through the water supply passages L15a and L15 b.

The control device 40 is a device that performs various controls regarding the operation of the power generation system E1. The controller 40 can determine the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb based on the power demand and the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20 b. The operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b may be determined in advance, or may be determined appropriately based on the power demand and the output characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb. Further, the output characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga, Gb are predetermined depending on the atmospheric temperature, the atmospheric pressure, the humidity, the seawater temperature, and the like.

An example of the operation control of the power generation system by the control device 40 will be described below with reference to fig. 4. In the following description, the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b is changed by changing the degree of cooling of the air by the second cooling units 22a and 22b after the degree of cooling of the air by the first cooling units 21a and 21b and the third cooling units 23a and 23b is fixed. Fig. 4 is a graph showing an output characteristic of the gas turbine unit predetermined in accordance with the atmospheric temperature. In this figure, a dashed line X1 indicates a first output characteristic when 1 gas turbine unit is operated in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor is at 15 ℃, and a dashed line X2 indicates a second output characteristic when 2 gas turbine units are operated in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor is at 15 ℃. Further, a two-dot chain line Y1 in the drawing shows a third output characteristic in the case where 1 gas turbine unit is operated in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor becomes 10 ℃, and a two-dot chain line Y2 shows a fourth output characteristic in the case where 2 gas turbine units are operated in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor becomes 10 ℃.

First, the controller 40 determines the number of gas turbine units Ga and Gb that can supply a power demand of 49.2MW at an atmospheric temperature of 20 ℃ in a predetermined operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b (an operating state in which air supplied to the combustor is at 15 ℃) to be 2, and operates the 2 gas turbine units Ga and Gb (a state of a black circle (1) in fig. 4).

Even if the atmospheric temperature rises from this state to 35 ℃, the power demand is still 49.2MW (the state of the black circle (2) in fig. 4), and this state is located between the one-dot chain line X1 indicating the first output characteristic and the one-dot chain line X2 indicating the second output characteristic, so that the power demand can be supplied without changing the operating state of the cooling devices 20a, 20b, and the state in which the 2 gas turbine units Ga, Gb are operated can be maintained.

When the power demand increases from this state and becomes 82MW or less (the state of the black circle (3) in fig. 4), this state is located at a position not exceeding the one-dot chain line X2 indicating the second output characteristic. Therefore, the power demand can be supplied without changing the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b, and therefore, the state in which the 2 gas turbine units Ga and Gb are operated is maintained.

On the other hand, if the power demand is in a state of greatly exceeding 82MW (the state of the circle (3)' with white space b in fig. 4), the state is in a position of greatly exceeding the one-dot chain line X2 indicating the second output characteristic and the two-dot chain line Y2 indicating the fourth output characteristic. Therefore, even if the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b is changed to the operating state in which the temperature of the air supplied to the combustor is 10 ℃, the power demand cannot be supplied, and therefore the 3 rd gas turbine unit, not shown, is operated to cope with this.

When the atmospheric temperature is reduced to 27 ℃ and the power demand is reduced to 42.6MW (the state of the black circle (4) in fig. 4), the state exceeds the one-dot chain line X1 indicating the first output characteristic, but is located on the two-dot chain line Y1 indicating the third output characteristic. Therefore, by changing the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b to an operating state in which the temperature of the air supplied to the combustor is 10 ℃, the number of operating gas turbine units can be reduced to 1 to supply the power demand. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the temperature of the cold water supplied from the refrigerator 10 to the second cooling unit is reduced (that is, the degree of cooling of the air by the second cooling unit is increased), the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b is changed to the operating state in which the temperature of the air supplied to the combustor is 10 ℃, and one of the 2 gas turbine units Ga and Gb that are operating is stopped.

In this way, in the mobile unit according to the second embodiment, the operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b and the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb can be determined in accordance with the power demand, the cooling devices can be operated in an appropriate operating state commensurate with the power demand, and the number of gas turbine units commensurate with the power demand can be operated without unnecessarily increasing the number of operating gas turbine units.

Further, the control device 40 performs control such that the amount of retained water in the surge tank 38 provided in the cooling medium supply path L3 can be sufficiently ensured and water can be quickly supplied even when the gas turbine units Ga and Gb are rapidly started, the gas turbines 7a and 7b are tripped (trip) and stopped, the flow rate of LNG is rapidly increased, or the amount of retained water supplied to the vaporizer 2 is rapidly decreased. This can prevent the vaporizer 2 from being damaged by freezing due to insufficient heating.

[ other embodiments ]

Although the cooling devices 20, 20a, and 20b are configured to include the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b, the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b, and the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b in each of the above embodiments, the cooling devices may include at least any two of the 3 cooling units.

In the case of the configuration including the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b and the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b, the cooling energy possessed by the LNG can be effectively used, and the air supplied to the combustor 6 can be cooled by the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b and the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b, in addition to the problem that the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system is lowered and the increase in size of the refrigerator cannot be avoided, so that the decrease in the output of the power generation system E, E1 can be suppressed as described above.

In this case, from the viewpoint of cooling the air while minimizing the waste of cooling energy possessed by the heat medium, it is preferable to arrange the two cooling units 21, 21a, 21b, 22a, and 22b such that the air supplied to the combustor 6 flows through the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b and the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b in this order.

Even in the case of the configuration including the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b and the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b, the cooling energy possessed by the LNG can be effectively utilized, and the air supplied to the combustor 6 can be cooled by the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b and the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b, in addition to suppressing the problem of the reduction in energy efficiency of the entire power generation system and the problem of the unavoidable increase in size of the refrigerator, so that the reduction in output of the power generation system E, E1 can be suppressed as described above.

In this case, it is preferable that the two cooling units 21, 21a, 21b, 23a, and 23b are arranged so that the air supplied to the combustor 6 flows through the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b and the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b in this order, and if so, the air can be cooled without wasting the cooling energy possessed by the heat medium as much as possible.

Further, in the case of adopting the configuration including the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b and the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b, the problem of the energy efficiency of the entire power generation system being decreased and the problem of the refrigerator being inevitably large-sized can be suppressed, and the air supplied to the combustor 6 can be cooled by the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b and the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b, so that the decrease in the output of the power generation system E can be suppressed as described above.

In this case, it is preferable that the two cooling units 22, 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b are arranged such that the air supplied to the combustor 6 flows through the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b and the second cooling units 22, 22a, and 22b in this order, and if so, the air can be cooled without wasting the cooling energy possessed by the heat medium as much as possible.

In the above embodiment, the first cooling units 21, 21a, 21b, the second cooling units 22, 22a, 22b, and the third cooling units 23, 23a, 23b constituting the cooling devices 20, 20a, 20b are arranged in the order of the third cooling units 23, 23a, 23b, the second cooling units 22, 22a, 22b, and the first cooling units 21, 21a, 21b from the upstream side in the flow direction of the air flowing to the combustor 6, but the arrangement of these cooling units is not limited to this.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the mobile body is a ship provided with the fuel tank 1, the vaporizer 2, the gas turbine unit G, the exhaust heat recovery boiler unit 25, the steam turbine unit S, and the generators 35 and 36 is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any mobile body may be used as long as it is provided with at least a cooling device, and a mobile body provided with a configuration (the fuel tank, the vaporizer, the gas turbine unit, and the first generator) necessary for gas turbine power generation in addition to the cooling device may be used.

In the case of a mobile body provided with a cooling device, for example, by moving the mobile body to a facility having a combined cycle power generation system not provided with a cooling device, the air supplied to the combustor of the power generation system can be cooled by the cooling device provided in the mobile body, and a decrease in the output of the gas turbine unit can be suppressed.

Further, the present invention can be applied to a relatively small-sized mobile body and put into practical use as long as the cooling device and the structure required for gas turbine power generation are mounted.

Further, as the moving body, in addition to the LNG ship, there may be mentioned an LPG ship, a vinyl ship, an ammonia ship, a liquefied hydrogen transport ship, a large tuna ship, a refrigerated container ship, a floating vessel, and the like, but the moving body is not limited to these, and includes a floating body structure constructed or modified at a shipyard and towed to a place of use, tied up during a trial period or substantially permanently, various other conveyors (trucks, dollies) on land, and the like.

In embodiment 1 described above, a part of the piping for seawater (i.e., the first seawater supply path L6, the second seawater supply path L7, and the seawater discharge path L9) for supplying seawater to the third cooling unit 23 and the condensed-seawater cooling unit 32 or recovering seawater from these cooling units 23 and 32 is shared, and the seawater used in the third cooling unit 23 is used as the cooling energy source in the condensed-seawater cooling unit 32, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a pipe for supplying or recovering seawater to or from the third cooling unit 23 and a pipe for supplying or recovering seawater to or from the condensed cooling unit 32 may be provided separately, and seawater supplied from a pipe separate from the seawater used in the third cooling unit 23 may be used in the condensed cooling unit 32.

In embodiment 1 described above, the bypass passage L8 connecting the first seawater supply passage L6 and the second seawater supply passage L7 is provided, and the regulator 24 for regulating the amount of seawater flowing through the bypass passage L8 is provided.

In the above embodiment 2, the method of adjusting the amount of seawater flowing through the second seawater supply line L7 is not adopted, but an adjustment device may be appropriately provided to adjust the amount of seawater flowing through the second seawater supply line L7, as in the above embodiment 1.

In each of the above embodiments, water is used as the heat medium used in the vaporizer 2 and the first cooling units 21, 21a, and 21b, but an antifreeze such as ethylene glycol may be used instead of water. If the antifreeze is used, the LNG is gasified by heat exchange with the antifreeze in the vaporizer 2 to become fuel gas, and the temperature of the antifreeze is lower than that of water (for example, lower than 0 ℃), so that the air supplied to the combustor 6 can be cooled by the antifreeze obtained from the LNG in the first cooling unit 21, and the air can be cooled to, for example, about 10 ℃.

In each of the above embodiments, a so-called absorption refrigerator is used as the refrigerator 10, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and an electric turbo refrigerator may be used.

In each of the above embodiments, the cooling energy properly possessed by the refrigerant supplied from the outside is used for cooling the high-concentration absorption liquid in the absorber 13 of the refrigerator 10 and cooling the water vapor in the condenser 17, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, if the refrigerant flow path La is branched from the first seawater supply paths L6 and L6a, flows through the absorber 13 and the condenser 17, and is connected to the second seawater supply path L7, a part of the seawater piping can be shared as a flow path for seawater to be supplied not only to the third cooling units 23, 23a, and 23b and the condensed-water cooling unit 32 but also to the absorber 13 and the condenser 17 of the refrigerator, and therefore, the arrangement of the piping can be further simplified. In the case where an electric turbo refrigerator is used as the refrigerator 10, if a flow path of the cooling water used in the condenser of the electric turbo refrigerator is provided so as to branch from the first seawater supply paths L6 and L6a, to flow through the condenser, and to connect to the second seawater supply path L7, a part of the seawater piping can be shared in the same manner as described above, and the piping arrangement can be simplified. Further, the piping through which the seawater flows is preferably made of stainless steel or titanium in consideration of the occurrence of rust and the like.

In each of the above embodiments, the seawater used as the cooling energy source is pumped up from a depth of 30m to 70m as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, deep seawater may be used as a cold energy source.

Although fig. 1 does not show a structure corresponding to the heat exchanger 37 and the buffer tank 38 of embodiment 2, it is preferable that the first cooling medium supply path L3 be provided with a heat exchanger and a buffer tank in the power generation system E mounted on a ship according to embodiment 1.

In embodiment 2 described above, the steam generated by the plurality of exhaust heat recovery boiler units 25a and 25b is sent to the common steam turbine 30, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of steam turbine units S may be provided.

In embodiment 2 described above, the output characteristics predetermined in accordance with the atmospheric temperature are used as the output characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb for determining the operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b, but the output characteristics predetermined in accordance with the atmospheric pressure, the humidity, and the seawater temperature may be used.

In embodiment 2 described above, the gas turbine units Ga and Gb are operated after the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb is determined so that a predetermined power demand can be supplied at a predetermined atmospheric temperature in a predetermined operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b, and then the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b and the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb are appropriately changed in accordance with changes in the power demand and the atmospheric temperature, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b may be determined based on the power demand and the output characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb, and the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb may be determined based on the determined operating states and the power demand, and then the gas turbine units Ga and Gb may be operated.

When the change in the atmospheric temperature and the change in the power demand during a day are known in advance, the operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b and the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb may be determined in advance according to the state of the highest atmospheric temperature and the state of the highest power demand.

In embodiment 2 described above, the case where the temperature of the cold water supplied from the refrigerator 10 to the second cooling unit is decreased (that is, the degree of cooling of the air by the second cooling units 22a and 22b is increased) is shown as the case where the operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b are changed, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b can be changed by changing the degree of cooling of the air by at least one of the first cooling units 21a and 21b, the second cooling units 22a and 22b, and the third cooling units 23a and 23 b.

For example, the temperature of the seawater measured by the seawater temperature sensor Ta may be high, and it may be considered that the cooling of the air by the third cooling portions 23a and 23b is not effective. In this case, the control valve provided in the first seawater supply passages L6a, L6b as appropriate may be closed to change the operating state of the cooling devices 20a, 20b from the operating state in which the air is cooled by the 3 cooling units 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b to the operating state in which the air is cooled by the first cooling units 21a, 21b and the second cooling units 22a, 22b and is not cooled by the third cooling units 23a, 23b (in other words, the operating state in which the degree of cooling of the air by the first cooling units 21a, 21b and the second cooling units 22a, 22b is not changed and the degree of cooling of the air by the third cooling units 23a, 23b is reduced).

In embodiment 2 described above, the operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b are determined by determining the degree of cooling of the air by the first cooling units 21a and 21b, the second cooling units 22a and 22b, and the third cooling units 23a and 23b based on the power demand and the output characteristics of the gas turbine unit, but the present invention is not limited to this.

The operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b may be determined based on the state of the atmosphere (the atmospheric temperature, the atmospheric pressure, the humidity, and the like), and the degree of cooling of the air by the first cooling units 21a and 21b, the second cooling units 22a and 22b, and the third cooling units 23a and 23b may be determined.

For example, when the atmospheric temperature is low (about 20 to 30 ℃), the operating state of the cooling devices 20a and 20b may be determined to be a state in which the cooling devices are operated with a cooling capacity such that the air having a low temperature can be cooled to a predetermined temperature, and the degree of cooling of the air by the cooling units 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b may be determined so as to achieve such an operating state.

In embodiment 2, the output characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb are taken into consideration when determining the operating states of the cooling devices 20a and 20b and the number of operating gas turbine units Ga and Gb, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the operation control of the power generation system may be performed in consideration of the efficiency characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb. An example of the operation control of the power generation system in consideration of the efficiency characteristics of the gas turbine units Ga and Gb will be described with reference to fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the efficiency characteristics of the gas turbine units, in which a single-dot chain line Z1 shows the efficiency characteristics (first efficiency characteristics) of 1 gas turbine unit when the load factor is 60% in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor is at 15 ℃, a single-dot chain line Z2 shows the efficiency characteristics (second efficiency characteristics) of 1 gas turbine unit when the load factor is 100% in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor is at 15 ℃, and a double-dot chain line Z3 shows the efficiency characteristics (third efficiency characteristics) of 1 gas turbine unit when the load factor is 100% in a state where the cooling device is operated so that the air supplied to the combustor is at 10 ℃.

If the state (state of black circle (1) in fig. 5) in which the cooling device is operated at a load factor of 60% at an atmospheric temperature of 20 ℃ so that the air supplied to the combustor is 15 ℃ and 2 gas turbine units are operated is changed to a state (state of black circle (2) in fig. 5) in which the atmospheric temperature is increased to 35 ℃ without changing the number of gas turbine units to be operated and the degree of cooling of the air, the efficiency of each 1 gas turbine unit is lowered. From this state (the state of the black circle (2) in fig. 5), the gas turbine output and cooling device is operated at a load factor of 100% so that the air supplied to the combustor becomes 15 ℃ (the state of the black circle (3) in fig. 5), whereby the efficiency per 1 gas turbine unit can be improved. When the atmospheric temperature is lowered to 27 ℃, the power demand is also lowered, and the efficiency of each 1 gas turbine unit is lowered (the state of the black circle (4) in fig. 5), the cooling device is operated so that the temperature of the cold water supplied from the refrigerator is lowered under the condition that the power demand can be supplied, and the number of the gas turbine units to be operated is reduced to 1 (the state of the black circle (5) in fig. 5) by a method of lowering the temperature of the cold water supplied from the refrigerator. As described above, the efficiency of 1 gas turbine unit is slightly reduced from the viewpoint of improving the cooling capacity by the cooling device, but the efficiency of 1 gas turbine unit is finally improved by reducing the number of gas turbine units to 1.

In this way, the operation of the power generation system is controlled in consideration of the efficiency characteristics of the gas turbine unit, and the gas turbine unit can be operated efficiently.

The structure disclosed in the above-described embodiments (including other embodiments) can be combined with the structure disclosed in the other embodiments and applied thereto, as long as no contradiction occurs, and the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are illustrative, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and can be appropriately changed within a range not departing from the object of the present invention.

Industrial applicability

The present invention is applicable to a mobile body including a cooling device that can efficiently cool air supplied to a combustion mechanism and can suppress a decrease in output of a gas turbine unit.

Description of the reference numerals

1 fuel tank

2 gasifier (gasification part)

6 burner (burning mechanism)

7. 7a, 7b gas turbine

10 freezer

20. 20a, 20b cooling device

21. 21a, 21b first cooling part

22. 22a, 22b second cooling part

23. 23a, 23b third cooling part

24 adjusting device (adjusting mechanism)

25. 25a, 25b waste heat recovery boiler unit

30 steam turbine

31 condenser

32 condensed steam cooling part

35 first generator (first generating mechanism)

36 second generator (second generating mechanism)

L6, L6a, L6b first seawater supply line (first seawater flow path)

L7 second seawater supply route (second seawater flow route)

L8 bypass flow path

G. Ga, Gb gas turbine unit

S steam turbine unit

E. E1 power generation system.