阅读说明：本技术 生物阻抗的测量手柄及生物阻抗的测量系统 (Measuring handle of biological impedance and measuring system of biological impedance ) 是由 江敏健 于 2021-08-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及生物参数测量技术领域,公开了一种生物阻抗的测量手柄及生物阻抗的测量系统。所述测量手柄包括手柄本体、设置于所述手柄本体上的测量电极及握力开关,所述测量电极用于测量人体阻抗值,所述握力开关用于检测用户的握力值,并根据用户的握力值控制开启或关闭所述测量电极。本发明提供的测量手柄及测量系统可用于检测人体阻抗,测量误差小,测量结果准确度高。(The invention relates to the technical field of biological parameter measurement, and discloses a measuring handle of biological impedance and a measuring system of biological impedance. The measuring handle comprises a handle body, a measuring electrode and a grip switch, wherein the measuring electrode and the grip switch are arranged on the handle body, the measuring electrode is used for measuring the impedance value of a human body, and the grip switch is used for detecting the grip value of a user and controlling the opening or closing of the measuring electrode according to the grip value of the user. The measuring handle and the measuring system provided by the invention can be used for detecting the impedance of a human body, and have the advantages of small measuring error and high accuracy of a measuring result.)

1. The handle for measuring the biological impedance is characterized by comprising a handle body, a measuring electrode and a grip switch, wherein the measuring electrode and the grip switch are arranged on the handle body, the measuring electrode is used for measuring the impedance value of a human body, and the grip switch is used for detecting the grip value of a user and controlling the opening or closing of the measuring electrode according to the grip value of the user.

2. The handle of claim 1, wherein the grip switch comprises a grip button and a grip sensor connected to the grip button, the grip button protruding from a surface of the handle body and being movable toward an inside of the handle body.

3. The bioimpedance measurement handle of claim 2, wherein said grip button is a bar button having a length less than a length of said handle body and disposed along an axial extension of said handle body.

4. The bioimpedance measurement handle according to claim 2, wherein the grip sensor comprises a measurement circuit, a differential amplification circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, the measurement circuit being electrically connected to the differential amplification circuit, the measurement circuit being configured to measure a user's grip and convert the grip into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the differential amplification circuit; the differential amplifying circuit is electrically connected with the analog-to-digital converter and is used for receiving the electric signal, amplifying the electric signal and transmitting the amplified electric signal to the analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter is used for receiving the amplified electric signal and converting the electric signal into a digital signal.

5. The bioimpedance measurement handle according to any one of claims 1-4, further comprising a securing ring disposed on said handle body, said securing ring for limiting a gripping position of a user's fingers.

6. The handle according to claim 5, wherein the fixing ring is a semicircular ring disposed at one end of the handle body and having both ends distributed along an axial direction of the handle body, the semicircular ring being used to limit a gripping position of a thumb of a user.

7. The handle of claim 6, wherein an annular groove is further disposed on the handle body opposite to the semicircular ring, the annular groove is disposed around the circumference of the handle body, and the annular groove is used for limiting the grip position of the user's jaw.

8. The handle of claim 6, wherein an on-off switch is further disposed on the handle body opposite to the semicircular ring, and the on-off switch is used for detecting whether a thumb of a user is pressed at a preset position and controlling the measurement electrode to be turned on or off according to a detection result.

9. The bio-impedance measuring handle according to claim 1, wherein the measuring electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are spaced apart from each other in an axial direction of the handle body.

10. A system for measuring bio-impedance, comprising two measuring handles according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a prompting device electrically connected to the two measuring handles, respectively, for giving a prompt when a grip strength value of a user does not meet a predetermined condition.

11. The system of claim 10, further comprising a display device electrically connected to the measurement handle for displaying data information detected by the measurement handle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological parameter measurement, in particular to a handle for measuring biological impedance and a system for measuring biological impedance.

Background

The impedance characteristic can reflect the components of human tissues to a certain extent, and can be used for distinguishing muscles, soft tissues, liquid, bones and the like, and the measurement of the biological impedance can realize the distinguishing of different human tissues. In the related art, a bio-impedance measuring device can be used for measuring the bio-impedance value of a human body, and then impedance data is analyzed to obtain the composition information of the body fat and the like of the human body through a related formula.

The existing bio-impedance measuring device generally comprises two circular handles, and a user only needs to hold the handles tightly with two hands when using the bio-impedance measuring device. However, since the handle has a simple structure and no limitation on the holding posture and holding strength of the user, the user has different contact portions and contact effects with the electrodes on the handle each time the user holds the handle, resulting in different measurement results and larger measurement errors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a measuring handle of biological impedance and a measuring system of biological impedance, wherein the measuring handle and the measuring system can be used for detecting human body impedance, can effectively reduce measuring errors and improve the accuracy of measuring results.

In order to solve the above problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a bio-impedance measuring handle, including a handle body, a measuring electrode and a grip switch, where the measuring electrode is disposed on the handle body, the measuring electrode is used to measure a human body impedance value, and the grip switch is used to detect a grip value of a user, and to control the measuring electrode to be turned on or off according to the grip value of the user.

In one embodiment, the grip switch includes a grip button and a grip sensor connected to the grip button, and the grip button is protruded from a surface of the handle body and is movable toward an inside of the handle body.

In one embodiment, the grip button is a bar-shaped button, and the length of the grip button is smaller than that of the handle body and is arranged along the axial extension of the handle body.

In an embodiment, the grip strength sensor includes a measurement circuit, a differential amplification circuit, and an analog-to-digital converter, the measurement circuit is electrically connected to the differential amplification circuit, the measurement circuit is configured to measure grip strength of a user and convert the grip strength into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the differential amplification circuit, the differential amplification circuit is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter, the differential amplification circuit is configured to receive the electrical signal and amplify the electrical signal to be transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter is configured to receive the amplified electrical signal and convert the electrical signal into a digital signal.

In one embodiment, the measuring handle further comprises a fixing ring disposed on the handle body, the fixing ring being configured to limit a gripping position of a finger of a user.

In one embodiment, the fixing ring is a semicircular ring, the semicircular ring is arranged at one end of the handle body, two ends of the semicircular ring are distributed along the axial direction of the handle body, and the semicircular ring is used for limiting the gripping position of the thumb of the user.

In one embodiment, an annular groove is further formed in the handle body at a position opposite to the semicircular ring, the annular groove is arranged around the circumference of the handle body, and the annular groove is used for limiting the gripping position of a tiger's mouth of a user.

In one embodiment, the handle body is further provided with an on-off switch at a position opposite to the semicircular ring, and the on-off switch is used for detecting whether a thumb of a user is pressed at a preset position or not and controlling the measurement electrode to be turned on or off according to a detection result.

In one embodiment, the measuring electrode comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the handle body.

According to the measuring handle provided by the invention, the holding force of a user in use can be limited by arranging the holding force switch, namely, the using condition of the measuring handle is additionally arranged, so that the measuring handle can finish detection when the holding force of the user reaches a preset value, and thus, the holding effect in the measuring process and the contact effect between a palm and a measuring electrode on the handle body can be ensured by limiting the holding force of the user, so that the measuring error caused by poor contact effect in the measuring process can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a measuring system for measuring bio-impedance, which comprises two measuring handles as in the first aspect and a prompting device, wherein the prompting device is electrically connected with the two measuring handles respectively and is used for giving a prompt when a grip strength value of a user does not meet a preset condition.

In an embodiment, the measurement system further comprises a display device electrically connected to the measurement handle for displaying data information detected by the measurement handle.

According to the measuring system provided by the invention, the grip switch is additionally arranged on the measuring handle, so that the grip strength of a user in use can be limited, the grip effect in the measuring process and the contact effect between the palm and the measuring electrode on the handle body are ensured, the measuring error caused by poor contact effect in the measuring process is reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved. In addition, through add the suggestion equipment of being connected with measurement handle, the user adjustment that can in time be reminded grips the dynamics, improves measurement system's use convenience.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement handle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of a measuring handle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a control schematic diagram of a grip sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a control schematic diagram of a measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the main element symbols:

100. a measuring handle; 200. prompting equipment; 300. a display device;

1. a handle body; 2. a measuring electrode; 21. a first electrode; 22. a second electrode; 3. a grip switch; 31. a grip button; 32. a grip force sensor; 4. a fixing ring; 5. an annular groove; 6. an on-off switch; 61. a circular button.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the patent. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a bio-impedance measurement handle 100 that can be used to detect body impedance. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring handle 100 includes a handle body 1, a measuring electrode 2 disposed on the handle body 1, and a grip switch 3, wherein the measuring electrode 2 is used for measuring a human body impedance value, and the grip switch 3 is used for detecting a grip value of a user, and controlling to turn on or off the measuring electrode 2 according to the grip value of the user.

The grip switch 3 is switched on or off through a control circuit, and can control the opening or closing of the measuring electrode 2.

The measurement handle 100 provided by the present invention can be used to measure body impedance. Specifically, the user can hold the handle body 1 and make the palm cover the area of the measuring electrode 2 and the grip switch 3, increase the palm holding force, and when the grip switch 3 detects that the user's grip force reaches the preset value, the measuring electrode 2 is conducted and can form a complete loop, thereby completing the impedance measurement and obtaining the impedance value. According to the measuring handle 100 provided by the invention, the holding force of a user in use can be limited by arranging the holding switch 3, namely, the use condition of the measuring handle 100 is additionally arranged, so that the measuring handle 100 can finish detection when the holding force of the user reaches a preset value, and thus, the holding effect and the contact effect between a palm and the measuring electrode 2 on the handle body 1 in the measuring process can be ensured by limiting the holding force of the user, so that the measuring error caused by poor contact effect in the measuring process can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved.

It should be noted that the preset value of the grip switch 3 is a preset parameter, and the specific size thereof can be set according to the structure of the measuring handle 100 and the target user. For example, in one embodiment, the target user of the measuring handle 100 is a child, and the preset value may be set to 20N. Through many times of tests and survey, when children held measuring handle 100 with 20N's power, can grasp handle body 1 and guarantee that the palm fully contacts with measuring electrode 2, measuring result is comparatively accurate.

The measuring handle 100 of the present invention is not limited to the structure and type of the grip switch 3.

For example, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the grip switch 3 includes a grip button 31 and a grip sensor 32 connected to the grip button 31, wherein the grip button 31 is protruded from the surface of the handle body 1 and is movable toward the inside of the handle body 1. When a user holds the measuring handle 100, the palm of the hand covers the grip button 31, and the grip button 31 moves towards the inside of the handle body 1 and can be pressed onto the grip sensor 32 by pressing with force, so that the grip value of the user holding the measuring handle 100 can be detected by the grip sensor 32.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the grip button 31 is a bar-shaped button, and the length of the grip button 31 is smaller than the length of the handle body 1 and is disposed to extend in the axial direction of the handle body 1. Adopt above-mentioned structural design, grip button 31 coverage area is reasonable and coverage is great relatively, and when the user gripped measuring handle 100, the palm can evenly cover on grip button 31, and grip button 31 atress everywhere is even, and it is better to press the effect to grip sensor 32 testing result is comparatively accurate.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the grip strength sensor 32 includes a measuring circuit, a differential amplifying circuit, and an analog-to-digital converter, the measuring circuit is electrically connected to the differential amplifying circuit, the measuring circuit is used for measuring the grip strength of the user and converting the grip strength into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the differential amplifying circuit, the differential amplifying circuit is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter, the differential amplifying circuit is used for receiving the electrical signal and amplifying the electrical signal to be transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter, and the analog-to-digital converter is used for receiving the amplified electrical signal and converting the electrical signal into a digital signal, that is, the measuring circuit can obtain the grip strength of the user and output a specific grip strength value through the analog-to-digital converter.

Alternatively, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring electrode 2 is disposed around the circumference of the handle body 1, and an insulating gap is left at one side of the handle body 1, and the grip switch 3 is installed at the insulating gap. Thus, when the user holds the measuring handle 100, the palm can be pressed onto the measuring electrode 2 and can keep good contact with the measuring electrode 2, and the fingers can be pressed onto the grip switch 3 and can press the grip switch 3 with strength.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the grip switch 3 may further include a plurality of buttons disposed between the measuring electrodes 2, wherein each button is connected to a pressure sensor, and whether the measuring handle 100 can be used normally can be determined by detecting the holding strength of the palm of the user at the position of the measuring electrode 2.

In order to improve the stability of the user holding the measuring handle 100, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring handle 100 further includes a fixing ring 4 disposed on the handle body 1, when the user holds the measuring handle 100, the fingers pass through the fixing ring 4, and the holding position of the fingers of the user can be limited by the fixing ring 4. By adopting the structure design, the holding posture and the holding position of the user can be standardized, the holding stability is improved, the good contact and the stable contact between the palm of the user and the measuring electrode 2 in the measuring process are ensured, so that the measuring error caused by the movement of the palm of the user or poor contact in the measuring process can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved.

The structure and the installation position of the fixing ring 4 are not unique.

For example, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixing ring 4 is a semicircular ring which is provided at one end of the handle body 1 and both ends of which are distributed along the axial direction of the handle body 1, and which is used to limit the gripping position of the thumb of the user. By adopting the structural design, when a user holds the measuring handle 100, the user only needs to stretch the thumb into the fixing ring 4, the holding posture and the holding position can be limited by fixing the thumb, and the measuring handle is simple in structure and convenient to use. Meanwhile, the fixing ring 4 avoids the setting of the grip switch 3 and limits only the position of the thumb, so that the measuring handle 100 can be held by the rest four fingers and the grip switch 3 can be normally pressed, and the measuring effect can be ensured.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixing ring 4 and the grip switch 3 are located on the same side, and this structure is ergonomic and comfortable in use. In addition, fixed ring 4 sets up in handle body 1 one side, still can be used to distinguish the left and right hand, specifically, fixed ring 4 of right hand measurement handle 100 sets up in the left side of handle body 1, and fixed ring 4 of left hand measurement handle 100 sets up in the right side of handle body 1. By adopting the structural design, the wrong handle taking during measurement can be avoided, and the use convenience of the measuring handle 100 can be effectively improved.

Further, in an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an annular groove 5 is provided on the handle body 1 opposite to the fixing ring 4, the annular groove 5 is disposed around the circumference of the handle body 1, and the annular groove 5 is used for limiting the clenching position of the user. When a user holds the measuring handle 100, the thumb extends into the fixing ring 4, the palm and the four fingers grasp the handle body 1, and the tiger's mouth is clamped into the annular groove 5. Adopt above-mentioned structural design, compound ergonomic can further standardize user's the posture of gripping and the position of gripping, improves the stability of gripping, guarantees that the user's palm contacts well and the contact is stable with measuring electrode 2 in the measurement process to can effectively reduce the measuring error that causes because of user's palm removes or contact failure in the measurement process, improve the measuring result degree of accuracy.

It can be understood that, in order to further improve the holding stability, in an embodiment, an anti-slip structure such as an anti-slip protrusion and an anti-slip stripe may be further disposed on the handle body 1, or an anti-slip sleeve may be sleeved on the handle body 1, which may be specifically designed according to actual situations, and is not limited herein.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measurement handle 100 provided by the present invention further includes an on-off switch 6 disposed at a position on the handle body 1 opposite to the fixing ring 4, where the on-off switch 6 is used to detect whether a thumb of a user is pressed at a preset position, and to control the measurement electrode 2 to be turned on or off according to a detection result. When a user holds the measuring handle 100, the thumb can extend into the fixing ring 4 and can be pressed onto the on-off switch 6, and whether the holding posture of the user is standard or not can be judged by using the on-off switch 6, so that the holding posture and the holding position of the user can be further standardized, the measuring error is reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved.

The on-off switch 6 is switched on and off through a control circuit, and can control the opening or closing of the measuring electrode 2.

Alternatively, the on-off switch 6 may include a circular button 61 and a pressure sensor connected to the circular button 61, with which it is determined whether the user's thumb is held at a preset position.

It should be noted that, when the grip switch 3 and the on-off switch 6 are simultaneously arranged on the handle body 1, the grip switch 3 and the on-off switch 6 need to be used in cooperation, that is, when the grip switch 3 and the on-off switch 6 simultaneously meet the opening condition of the measuring electrode 2, the circuit is connected, and the measuring electrode 2 is opened; if any one of the conditions is not satisfied, the circuit cannot be connected and the measuring electrode 2 cannot be opened.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring handle 100 of the present invention includes a measuring electrode 2 including a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22, wherein the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are spaced apart from each other in an axial direction of the handle body 1. By adopting the structure design, the coverage area of the measuring electrode 2 is large, when a user holds the measuring handle 100, the contact effect between the palm and the measuring electrode 2 is good, and the contact impedance generated by the movement of the palm can be effectively reduced. In addition, the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 can be alternately operated, and the detection accuracy can be improved.

Further, the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are made of stainless steel. The stainless steel material has high conductivity, good measurement effect, difficult deformation and long service life.

It is understood that, in some embodiments, the measuring electrode 2 may also include only one electrode, and may be specifically designed according to practical situations, and is not limited herein.

In summary, the measurement handle 100 provided by the present invention, by setting the grip switch 3, can limit the holding force when the user uses the measurement handle 100, so that the measurement handle 100 can complete the detection when the user's holding force reaches the preset value, thereby ensuring the holding effect of the user during the measurement process and the contact effect between the palm and the measurement electrode 2 on the handle body 1, effectively reducing the measurement error caused by the poor contact effect during the measurement process, and improving the accuracy of the measurement result. In addition, by providing the fixing ring 4 and the on-off switch 6 on the handle body 1, the holding posture and the holding position of the user can be further standardized, and the holding stability can be improved, so that the detection accuracy of the measuring handle 100 can be further improved.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention also provides a bio-impedance measuring system, which can be used to detect the impedance of a human body. The measuring system comprises two measuring handles 100 and a prompting device 200, as shown in fig. 4, the prompting device 200 is electrically connected with the two measuring handles 100 respectively, and the prompting device 200 is used for giving a prompt when the grip strength value of the user does not meet the preset condition. The preset condition may be whether the grip strength value of the user reaches a preset value.

The measuring system provided by the invention can be used for measuring the impedance of a human body, and the accuracy of the detection result can be effectively improved by improving the structure of the measuring handle 100 and arranging the prompting device 200. Specifically, when measuring impedance, a user can hold the handle body 1 and make the palm cover the areas of the measuring electrode 2 and the grip switch 3, and when the grip switch 3 detects that the grip value of the user is lower than a preset value, a prompt signal can be sent to the user through the prompt device 200 to prompt the user to increase the grip strength; when the grip switch 3 detects that the grip value of the user reaches a preset value, the measuring electrode 2 is conducted and can form a complete loop, and the impedance measurement is completed through the measuring electrode 2 and the impedance value is obtained. According to the measuring system provided by the invention, the grip switch 3 is additionally arranged on the measuring handle 100, so that the holding force of a user in use can be limited, the holding effect in the measuring process and the contact effect between the palm and the measuring electrode 2 on the handle body 1 are ensured, the measuring error caused by poor contact effect in the measuring process is reduced, and the accuracy of the measuring result is improved. In addition, by additionally arranging the prompting device 200 connected with the measuring handle 100, the user can be prompted to adjust the holding force in time, so that the use convenience of the measuring system can be improved.

It should be noted that the preset value of the grip switch 3 is a preset parameter, and the specific size thereof can be set according to the structure of the measuring handle 100 and the target user. For example, in one embodiment, the target user of the measuring handle 100 is a child, and the preset value may be set to 20N. Through many times of tests and survey, when children held measuring handle 100 with 20N's power, can grasp handle body 1 and guarantee that the palm fully contacts with measuring electrode 2, measuring result is comparatively accurate. It will be appreciated that to further enhance the utility of the notification device 200, the user may be prompted to grip the measuring handle 100 when the grip value is below 20N and to re-measure when the grip value is below 10N.

Optionally, the prompting device 200 may be a voice prompting device, such as a buzzer, or may also be a warning light, and the like, and may be specifically designed according to an actual situation, which is not limited herein.

In the measuring system provided by the invention, when the measuring handle 100 comprises the fixing rings 4, the fixing rings 4 of the two measuring handles 100 need to be arranged on different sides of the handle body 1 so as to be suitable for left and right hands.

In one embodiment, the measurement system further comprises a display device 300, the display device 300 being electrically connected to the measurement handle 100 for displaying data information detected by the measurement handle 100. The display device 300 is arranged, so that a user can conveniently check various measurement information, and the practicability of the detection system is improved.

The display device 300 can display the data such as the bio-impedance information, the user holding force value, the body composition information, etc. measured by the measuring handle 100, and the specific display information type can be set according to the actual requirement, which is not limited herein.

In one embodiment, the measuring system further comprises an information acquisition unit and an information storage unit, wherein the information acquisition unit can be used for acquiring the personal information of the user, and the information storage unit can be used for storing the relevant information of the user and forming a personal profile of the user. Alternatively, the information acquisition unit may include a face recognition device or a bluetooth transmission device, etc.

It can be understood that the measuring system provided by the invention can be used with a weighing scale and other devices, and when the measuring system is used with the weighing scale, a user can stand on the weighing scale with feet and hold the measuring handle 100 with two hands during detection.

Optionally, when the measuring system is used with a weighing scale, 2 sets of electrode pads may be disposed at a position on the weighing scale where each foot is stepped on.

In summary, the measuring system provided by the present invention can reduce the measuring error and improve the accuracy of the measuring result by improving the structure of the measuring handle 100. Meanwhile, the prompt device 200 is arranged, so that the user can be prompted to adjust the holding force conveniently and timely, the display device 300 is arranged, and the user can check various measurement information conveniently, so that the convenience and the practicability of the measurement system can be improved.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application and are intended to be included within the scope of the present application.