阅读说明：本技术 一种高效率长寿命的固定端球笼式等速万向节 (High-efficiency long-life fixed end ball cage type constant velocity universal joint ) 是由 陈国军 郑德信 陆建春 赵杰 鹿浩 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高效率长寿命的固定端球笼式等速万向节,涉及等速万向节领域,包括钟形壳、星形套、若干滚珠和保持架；钟形壳包括安装端和开口端,钟形壳的开口端设置钟形壳内球面,钟形壳内球面上开设若干内球道面；星形套设置在钟形壳内球面内；星形套外球面上开设外球道面,外球道面与内球道面匹配形成一组球道；球道包括若干个第一球道和第二球道；若干滚珠夹设于球道内；保持架,用于保持滚珠。本发明的有益效果为：本发明通过使用两种球道,且两者的球道面形状各不相同,使万向节在工作摆角内减小了整体对滚珠产生的轴向力,进而减少保持架和钟形壳、星形套的球面摩擦磨损,降低发热,提高传递效率和寿命。(The invention discloses a fixed end ball cage type constant velocity universal joint with high efficiency and long service life, which relates to the field of constant velocity universal joints and comprises a bell-shaped shell, a star-shaped sleeve, a plurality of balls and a retainer; the bell-shaped shell comprises a mounting end and an opening end, the opening end of the bell-shaped shell is provided with an inner spherical surface of the bell-shaped shell, and the inner spherical surface of the bell-shaped shell is provided with a plurality of inner spherical surfaces; the star-shaped sleeve is arranged in the spherical surface in the bell-shaped shell; an outer lane surface is arranged on the outer spherical surface of the star-shaped sleeve, and the outer lane surface is matched with the inner lane surface to form a group of lanes; the ball path comprises a plurality of first ball paths and second ball paths; the plurality of balls are clamped in the ball channel; and the retainer is used for retaining the balls. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the universal joint uses two ball paths, and the shapes of the ball paths are different from each other, so that the axial force generated by the whole universal joint to the balls is reduced in a working swing angle, the spherical friction and abrasion of the retainer, the bell-shaped shell and the star-shaped sleeve are further reduced, the heat is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the service life is prolonged.)

1. The utility model provides a high efficiency long-life's stiff end rzeppa constant velocity universal joint which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the outer shell comprises an outer shell (1) and an inner shell, wherein the outer shell comprises a mounting end (1-1) and an open end (1-2) which is axially opposite to the mounting end (1-1) relative to an axis (L), the open end (1-2) of the outer shell (1) is provided with an inner spherical surface (1-3) of the outer shell, and the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the outer shell is provided with a plurality of inner spherical surfaces (1-4) along the axial direction of the outer shell (1);

the star-shaped sleeve (2) is arranged in the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the outer bell-shaped shell and is used for externally connecting an input shaft; the outer spherical surface (2-1) of the star-shaped sleeve is provided with outer spherical surfaces (2-2) with the same number as the inner spherical surfaces (1-4) along the axial direction of the outer spherical shell (1), and each outer spherical surface (2-2) is matched with the corresponding inner spherical surface (1-4) to form a group of spherical channels; the ball path comprises a plurality of first ball paths (5) and second ball paths (6) which are alternately distributed along the circumference of the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the bell-shaped shell;

the ball bearings (3) are clamped in the ball channels and used for transmitting torque; and

the retainer (4) is arranged between the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the bell-shaped shell and the outer spherical surface (2-1) of the star-shaped sleeve and is used for retaining the balls (3); the retainer (4) is provided with a retainer outer spherical surface (4-1) matched with the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the bell-shaped shell and a retainer inner spherical surface (4-2) matched with the outer spherical surface (2-1) of the star sleeve;

the center (O) of the ball cage is positioned on the axis (L), the inner spherical surface (1-4) and the outer spherical surface (2-2) are symmetrical about a central plane (EM) where the center (O) of the ball cage is positioned, and the center (O2) of the inner spherical surface (1-4) and the center (O1) of the outer spherical surface (2-2) are respectively arranged on two sides of the center (O) of the ball cage;

when the ball (3) moves from the central plane (EM) to the mounting end (1-1), the opening angle (alpha) of the first ball path (5) faces to the opening end (1-2), the angle of the first ball path is greatly reduced, and the direction is kept unchanged; meanwhile, the opening angle (beta) of the second ball path (6) is unfolded towards the direction of the mounting end (1-1), the angle is firstly reduced and then increased, and the direction is kept unchanged.

2. A high efficiency long life fixed end birfield constant velocity joint as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the centers of the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the bell-shaped shell, the outer spherical surface (2-1) of the star sleeve, the outer spherical surface (4-1) of the retainer and the inner spherical surface (4-2) of the retainer are all coincided with the center (O) of the ball cage.

3. A high efficiency long life fixed end birfield constant velocity joint as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the inner lane surface (1-4) of the first lane (5) is formed by connecting at least two circular arcs or a circular arc and at least one straight line segment; the inner lane surface (1-4) of the second lane is formed by connecting at least three circular arcs and at least one straight line segment.

4. A high efficiency long life fixed end birfield constant velocity joint as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the inner lane surface (1-4) of the first lane (5) is formed by connecting an arc (R1) and an arc (R2); the direction of the circular arc (R1) is opposite to that of the circular arc (R2), and the joint of the circular arc (R1) and the circular arc (R2) is a tangent point.

5. A high efficiency long life fixed end birfield constant velocity joint as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the inner lane surface (1-4) of the second lane (6) is formed by sequentially connecting an arc (R3), an arc (R4), an arc (R5) and a straight line section (L1); the directions of the circular arc (R3) and the circular arc (R4) are opposite, and the directions of the circular arc (R4) and the circular arc (R5) are the same; and the joints between the adjacent circular arcs and the circular arcs and between the adjacent circular arcs and the straight line sections are tangent points.

6. A high efficiency long life fixed end rzeppa constant velocity joint according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein: the first ball paths (5) and the second ball paths (6) are respectively provided with four groups.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of constant velocity universal joints, in particular to a fixed end ball cage type constant velocity universal joint with high efficiency and long service life.

Background

As shown in figure 1, in the fixed end rzeppa universal joint of the prior art, in the range of the working pivot angle, there is a spread angle (α 0) between the inner raceway surface (1-4) of the outer race (1 ') and the outer raceway surface (2-2) of the inner race (2 '), which has an axial force acting on the balls (3 ') to push the outer spherical surface (4-1) of the cage and the inner spherical surface (1-3) of the outer race, thereby bringing the outer spherical surface (2-1) of the inner race and the inner spherical surface (4-2) of the cage into contact. This results in severe frictional wear between the spherical surfaces at these locations during operation, which is detrimental to the low heat generation and high efficiency of the fixed end rzeppa joint.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a fixed end ball cage type constant velocity universal joint with high efficiency and long service life, and solves the problems that the inner spherical surface of a bell-shaped shell and the outer spherical surface of a retainer are caused by axial force, the friction and abrasion of the outer spherical surface of a star sleeve and the inner spherical surface of the retainer cause large heat generation of a ball cage and low transmission efficiency of the conventional fixed end ball cage type constant velocity universal joint in a working pivot angle range.

The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a high efficiency long life fixed end birfield constant velocity joint comprising:

the outer shell comprises a mounting end and an opening end axially opposite to the mounting end about an axis L, an inner spherical surface of the outer shell is arranged at the opening end of the outer shell, and a plurality of inner spherical surfaces are arranged on the inner spherical surface of the outer shell along the axial direction of the outer shell;

the star sleeve is arranged in the spherical surface in the outer shell and is used for externally connecting the input shaft; the outer spherical surface of the star-shaped sleeve is provided with outer spherical surfaces with the same number as the inner spherical surfaces along the axial direction of the bell-shaped shell, and each outer spherical surface is matched with the corresponding inner spherical surface to form a group of ball tracks; the ball path comprises a plurality of first ball paths and second ball paths which are alternately distributed along the circumference of the inner spherical surface of the bell-shaped shell;

each ball is clamped in one group of ball channels and used for transmitting torque; and

the retainer is arranged between the inner spherical surface of the bell-shaped shell and the outer spherical surface of the star sleeve and used for retaining the balls; the retainer is provided with a retainer outer spherical surface matched with the inner spherical surface of the bell-shaped shell and a retainer inner spherical surface matched with the outer spherical surface of the star sleeve;

the center O of the ball cage is positioned on the axis L, the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface are symmetrical about a central plane EM where the center O of the ball cage is positioned, and the center O2 of the inner spherical surface and the center O1 of the outer spherical surface are respectively arranged on two sides of the center O of the ball cage;

when the ball moves from the central plane EM to the mounting end, the opening angle alpha of the first lane faces the opening end, the angle of the first lane is greatly reduced, and the direction is kept unchanged; meanwhile, the opening angle beta of the second fairway is unfolded towards the direction of the mounting end, the angle of the second fairway is firstly reduced and then increased, and the direction is kept unchanged.

As a further technical scheme, the centers of the inner spherical surface of the bell-shaped shell, the outer spherical surface of the inner star sleeve, the outer spherical surface of the retainer and the inner spherical surface of the retainer are all coincided with the center O of the ball cage.

As a further technical scheme, the inner lane surface of the first lane is formed by connecting at least two arcs, or is formed by connecting one arc and at least one straight line segment; the inner lane surface of the second lane is formed by connecting at least three circular arcs and at least one straight line section.

As a further technical scheme, the inner lane surface of the first lane is formed by connecting an arc R1 and an arc R2; the direction of the circular arc R1 is opposite to that of the circular arc R2, and the joint of the circular arc R1 and the circular arc R2 is a tangent point.

As a further technical scheme, the inner lane surface of the second lane is formed by sequentially connecting an arc R3, an arc R4, an arc R5 and a straight line segment L1; the directions of the circular arc R3 and the circular arc R4 are opposite, and the directions of the circular arc R4 and the circular arc R5 are the same; and the joints between the adjacent circular arcs and the circular arcs and between the adjacent circular arcs and the straight line sections are tangent points.

As a preferable technical scheme, four groups of first ball tracks and four groups of second ball tracks are respectively arranged.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the universal joint uses two ball paths, and the shapes of the ball paths are different from each other, so that the axial force generated by the whole universal joint to the balls is reduced in a working swing angle, the spherical friction and abrasion of the retainer, the bell-shaped shell and the star-shaped sleeve are further reduced, the heat is reduced, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of a prior art structure.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic outline view of a first lane in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic outline view of a second lane in an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a graph of the opening angle of the fairway as a function of the operating swing angle of the gimbal in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: the ball-rolling bearing comprises an outer bell shell 1, a mounting end 1-1, an opening end 1-2, an inner spherical surface 1-3 of the outer bell shell, an inner spherical surface 1-4, a star-shaped sleeve 2, an outer spherical surface 2-1 of the star-shaped sleeve, an outer spherical surface 2-2, balls 3, a retainer 4, an outer spherical surface 4-1 of the retainer, an inner spherical surface 4-2 of the retainer, a first ball path 5 and a second ball path 6.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the following drawings:

example (b): as shown in the accompanying drawings, a fixed end rzeppa constant velocity joint having high efficiency and long life comprises an outer race 1, an inner race 2, a plurality of balls 3, and a cage 4.

Referring to fig. 4, the outer shell 1 includes a mounting end 1-1 and an open end 1-2 axially opposite to the mounting end 1-1 with respect to an axis L (i.e., a central axis of the outer shell 1), an inner spherical surface 1-3 of the outer shell is disposed at the open end 1-2 of the outer shell 1, and a plurality of inner spherical surfaces 1-4 are formed on the inner spherical surface 1-3 of the outer shell along the axial direction of the outer shell 1.

The star-shaped sleeve 2 is arranged in the inner spherical surface 1-3 of the outer bell-shaped shell and is used for externally connecting an input shaft; the outer spherical surface 2-1 of the inner race is provided with outer spherical surfaces 2-2 with the same number as the inner spherical surfaces 1-4 along the axial direction of the outer spherical surface 1 of the inner race, and each outer spherical surface 2-2 is matched with the corresponding inner spherical surface 1-4 to form a group of ball tracks; the ball tracks comprise a plurality of first ball tracks 5 and second ball tracks 6 which are alternately distributed along the circumference of the inner spherical surface 1-3 of the outer bell-shaped shell, in the embodiment, four first ball tracks 5 and four second ball tracks 6 are preferred, and other numbers, such as three groups or five groups, can be adopted.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of balls 3, each ball 3 being sandwiched in a set of ball tracks for transmitting torque, preferably eight balls 3 in the present embodiment, the number of which is equal to the number of ball tracks; the number of the balls 3 can be adjusted to 6, 9, 10, 12 and the like according to the number of the ball tracks.

The retainer 4 is arranged between the inner spherical surface 1-3 of the bell-shaped shell and the outer spherical surface 2-1 of the star-shaped sleeve and is used for retaining the ball 3; the retainer 4 is provided with a retainer outer spherical surface 4-1 matched with the outer spherical surface 1-3 of the bell-shaped shell and a retainer inner spherical surface 4-2 matched with the outer spherical surface 2-1 of the star-shaped sleeve.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the centers of the inner spherical surface 1-3 of the outer bell-shaped shell, the outer spherical surface 2-1 of the inner race, the outer spherical surface 4-1 of the retainer and the inner spherical surface 4-2 of the retainer all coincide with the center O of the ball cage (which may be non-concentric, that is, the centers of the four spherical surfaces are offset by a certain distance on the central plane EM), and the center O of the ball cage is located on the axis L; the inner lane surface 1-4 and the outer lane surface 2-2 are symmetrical about a central plane EM where the center O of the ball cage is located, the center O2 of the inner lane surface 1-4 and the center O1 of the outer lane surface 2-2 are respectively arranged on two sides of the center O of the ball cage, and the O1 and the O2 can be located on the axis L or not.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the inner lane surface 1-4 of the first lane 5 is formed by connecting an arc R1 and an arc R2; the direction of the circular arc R1 is opposite to that of the circular arc R2, and the joint of the circular arc R1 and the circular arc R2 is a tangent point. Since the inner lane surface 1-4 and the outer lane surface 2-2 are symmetrical about the center plane EM where the center O of the cage is located, the contour of the outer lane surface 2-2 of the first lane 5 is the same as that of the inner lane surface 1-4 thereof, and thus, the description thereof is omitted. As shown in fig. 7, the inner lane surface 1-4 of the second lane 6 is formed by sequentially connecting an arc R3, an arc R4, an arc R5 and a straight line segment L1; the directions of the circular arc R3 and the circular arc R4 are opposite, and the directions of the circular arc R4 and the circular arc R5 are the same; the right end of the circular arc R5 forms an angle γ (γ is preferably 13.5 °) with the straight line on which the point O is located. And the joints between the adjacent circular arcs and the circular arcs and between the adjacent circular arcs and the straight line sections are tangent points. The profile of the outer lane surface 2-2 of the second lane 6 is also the same as that of the inner lane surface 1-4 thereof and will not be described again.

Referring to fig. 4, 5 and 8, the numerical value of the opening angle is positive toward the open end 1-2. When the ball 3 moves from the central plane EM to the direction of the mounting end 1-1, the opening angle alpha of the first ball path 5 faces to the opening end 1-2, the angle is greatly reduced, and the direction is kept unchanged; meanwhile, the opening angle beta of the second ball path 6 is unfolded towards the direction of the mounting end 1-1, the angle is firstly reduced and then increased, and the direction is kept unchanged. When the working state of the working pivot angle of the universal joint is 0 degree, the opening angle alpha of the first ball path 5 faces towards the opening end 1-1, the opening angle beta of the second ball path 6 faces towards the mounting end 1-2, namely, the first ball path 5 and the second ball path 6 can generate axial forces in opposite directions, so that the axial force generated by the whole body on the ball is reduced, and the spherical friction wear of the retainer, the bell-shaped shell and the star-shaped sleeve is reduced.

The invention adopts two ball paths with different contour tracks, and the opening angles of the two ball paths are opposite in direction when the universal joint works through the control of the track of the ball paths, thereby reducing the axial force generated by the whole universal joint on a steel ball, further reducing the spherical friction and abrasion of the retainer, the bell-shaped shell and the star-shaped sleeve, reducing the heat generation, improving the transmission efficiency and prolonging the service life.

It should be understood that equivalent substitutions and changes to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention should be made by those skilled in the art to the protection scope of the appended claims.