阅读说明：本技术 一种风力机叶片共振式双轴疲劳加载方法 (Resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method for wind turbine blade ) 是由 石可重 廖猜猜 张明明 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种风力机叶片共振式双轴疲劳加载方法,通过分别考虑风电叶片在挥舞与摆振方向的目标载荷,在叶片挥舞与摆振方向分别安放加载装置以及配重质量块。通过试加载,分别监控叶片在挥舞与摆振方向振动情况的力矩分布情况,通过调节加载装置位置、配重质量块的质量大小与位置,以及加载频率和加载幅值,实现在挥舞方向与摆振方向的加载载荷与测试目标载荷相一致或相接近。(The invention discloses a resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method for a wind turbine blade. Through the trial loading, the moment distribution condition of the blade in the swinging and shimmy direction vibration condition is respectively monitored, and through adjusting the position of the loading device, the mass size and the position of the counterweight mass block, and the loading frequency and the loading amplitude, the loading load in the swinging direction and the shimmy direction is consistent with or close to the test target load.)

1. A resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method for a wind turbine blade is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:

SS1, determining fatigue test target loads of the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions according to the design requirements of the wind turbine blade to be tested;

SS2, adopting a single-shaft fatigue load loading mode in the blade flapping direction, installing a loading device and a counterweight mass block on the blade fixed on a blade experiment bench, and finding and determining the position, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block which meet the condition that the actual loading load of the blade in the flapping direction is consistent with or close to the target load by adjusting the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block;

SS3, after the swinging direction loading load in the step SS2 is consistent with or close to the target load, recording various mass position parameters of the loading device and the counterweight mass block in the step, loading frequency, loading amplitude and other parameters;

SS4, detaching the loading device and the counterweight mass block in the waving direction from the blade to be tested, and recovering the blade to be tested to the initial state before the loading device is installed;

SS5, without changing the installation position of the blade on the experiment table, installing a loading device and a counterweight mass block on the blade fixed on the blade experiment table frame in a mode of loading a single-shaft fatigue load in the blade shimmy direction, and finding and determining the position, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block which meet the condition that the actual loading load of the blade in the shimmy direction is consistent with or close to the target load by adjusting the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block;

SS6, after the target that the shimmy direction loading load is consistent with or close to the target load in the step SS5 is realized, continuously keeping the shimmy direction loading device and the counterweight mass block to be installed on the blade, and referring to the mass and position parameters of the flapping direction loading device and the counterweight mass block recorded in the step SS3, installing the flapping direction loading device and the counterweight mass block on the blade to be tested again;

SS7, only applying the flapping load under the condition that the flapping and shimmy direction loading device and the counterweight mass block are installed on the blade, measuring and recording the moment distribution condition of the flapping direction at the moment and the load distribution condition of the flapping load caused in the shimmy direction; only applying a shimmy load, measuring and recording the shimmy moment distribution condition at the moment and the load distribution condition of the shimmy load caused in the flapping direction; recording the difference between the actual waving load and the actual shimmy load and the difference between the target waving load and the target shimmy load under the two conditions;

SS8, adjusting the position of the counterweight mass block according to the difference between the swinging and shimmy direction test load and the target load in the step SS7, wherein the adjustment strategy is to adjust the counterweight mass block along a certain direction of the blade span direction, and determine the adjustment direction and the adjustment size according to the difference between the actual measurement load and the target load after loading until the blade load distribution trend is close to or possibly consistent with the target load;

and SS9, after the position of the counterweight mass block is adjusted, the difference between the blade flapping and shimmy direction test load and the target load is further adjusted, and the mass of the counterweight mass block is further adjusted. The adjustment strategy is that the mass of the counterweight is increased and then reduced, the mass is increased or reduced and the quantity of the mass is increased or reduced according to the difference between the loaded measured load and the target load until the distribution trend of the blade load is close to the target load and possibly consistent or close to the target load;

SS10, after the position and the mass of the counterweight mass block are adjusted, under the condition of keeping the original loading frequency, the loading amplitude values in the swinging and shimmying directions are respectively adjusted, the strategy is adjusted to increase or decrease the loading amplitude value, the increase or decrease of the loading amplitude value and the increase or decrease quantity are determined according to the difference between the actual measurement load and the target load after loading until the distribution trend of the blade load is as consistent or close to the target load as possible;

and SS11, after the adjustment, under the condition that the blade is subjected to flap loading and shimmy loading respectively, the test load distribution situation and the target load can be relatively close to each other. At the moment, a flap load and a shimmy load can be applied simultaneously, and the difference between the flap direction load distribution and the shimmy load distribution and the target flap load and the shimmy target load under the condition is measured and recorded;

SS12. testing the difference between the load and the target load according to the step SS 11; finely adjusting the mass size, the position and the loading amplitude of the counterweight in the swinging and shimmy directions, and referring to the above items by an adjusting strategy until the distribution trend of the blade load is as consistent as possible or close to the target load;

SS13, through the operation, the consistency or the closeness of the test load and the target load of the blade under the conditions of flap and shimmy double-shaft fatigue loading can be realized.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the loading device is an electric loading device or a hydraulic loading device.

3. The method of the previous claims, characterized in that, in order to achieve the test load approaching the target load under the condition of flap and shimmy bidirectional loading, the adjustment of steps SS7 to SS10 is to start only flap loading or only shimmy loading, and the adjustment of steps SS11 to SS12 is to start flap loading and shimmy loading simultaneously.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation in the mechanical industry, in particular to a resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method for a wind turbine blade.

Background

The fatigue performance evaluation of the wind power blade is an important content concerned by research and development and design of the wind power blade. The blade bears a complex fatigue load spectrum in operation, and the complex fatigue load spectrum mainly comprises a fatigue load spectrum in a flap direction and a fatigue load spectrum in a lag vibration direction. The two load spectrums act on the blade at the same time, and play a role in influencing the fatigue damage performance of the blade.

After the novel blade is developed and manufactured in a trial mode, a fatigue test is generally carried out on a test bed so as to explore the fatigue resistance of the blade. At present, the fatigue test of the blade in the industry is mainly to respectively carry out the fatigue test of the waving direction and the shimmy direction. The test method for respective loading has many differences from the loading condition and the damage condition of the blade under the actual operation condition, and the actual fatigue resistance performance of the blade cannot be reflected well.

In order to reflect the actual fatigue resistance of the blade more accurately, it is necessary to develop a loading technology and a method for the blade to simultaneously perform the flapwise direction and the shimmy direction, so as to realize the fatigue test of the blade under the real loading condition.

Considering that the resonance type loading method has the good economical characteristic of saving energy, the patent provides a resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method, on the basis of respectively adjusting the loading devices in the waving and shimmy directions, the loading devices under the combined action of the waving and shimmy loads are gradually adjusted, and through multiple times of adjustment, the goal that the waving and shimmy direction test loads are consistent with or close to the target load under the condition of the waving and shimmy combined loading is realized, and finally the expected double-shaft load loading scheme is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The method aims to solve the problem that in the existing wind turbine blade fatigue test, the waving or shimmy direction unidirectional loading is mostly adopted, and the fatigue resistance performance evaluation under the actual operation condition of the blade cannot be met. The invention aims to provide a resonant biaxial fatigue test loading method for a wind turbine blade, which is characterized in that the approach to a target load is preliminarily realized by respectively adjusting a loading device and a counterweight mass block under the swinging and shimmying loading, and the swinging and shimmying fatigue loads are finally applied simultaneously by continuously adjusting the loading device and the counterweight mass block under the condition of simultaneously applying the swinging and shimmying loads, and the distribution condition of the test loads in the swinging direction and the shimmying direction is consistent with or close to the target load.

(II) technical scheme

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows:

a resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method for a wind turbine blade is characterized by at least comprising the following steps:

SS1, determining fatigue test target loads of the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions according to the design requirements of the wind turbine blade to be tested;

SS2, adopting the mode of loading uniaxial fatigue load in the blade flapping direction, installing a loading device and a counterweight mass block on the blade fixed on the blade experiment bench, wherein the loading device can adopt an electric loading device or a hydraulic loading device, and the purpose of installing the counterweight mass block is to adjust the load distribution of the blade under the resonance condition to be consistent with the distribution condition of the target load. The positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block which meet the condition that the actual loading load of the blade in the flapping direction is consistent with or close to the target load are found and determined by adjusting the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block;

SS3, after the swinging direction loading load in the step SS2 is consistent with or close to the target load, recording various mass position parameters of the loading device and the counterweight mass block in the step, loading frequency, loading amplitude and other parameters;

SS4, detaching the loading device and the counterweight mass block in the waving direction from the blade to be tested, and recovering the blade to be tested to the initial state before the loading device is installed;

SS5, without changing the installation position of the blade on the experiment table, adopting a mode of loading a single-shaft fatigue load in the blade shimmy direction to install a loading device and a counterweight mass block on the blade fixed on the blade experiment table frame, wherein the loading device can adopt an electric loading device or a hydraulic loading device, and finding and determining the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block which meet the condition that the actual loading load of the blade in the shimmy direction is consistent with or close to the target load by adjusting the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block;

SS6, after the target that the shimmy direction loading load is consistent with or close to the target load in the step SS5 is realized, continuously keeping the shimmy direction loading device and the counterweight mass block to be installed on the blade, and referring to various mass and position parameters of the flapping direction loading device and the counterweight mass block recorded in SS3, installing the flapping direction loading device and the counterweight mass on the blade to be tested again;

SS7, under the condition that the flapping and shimmy direction loading device and the counterweight mass block are both arranged on the blade, only applying a flapping load, measuring and recording the moment distribution condition of the flapping direction at the moment, and the load distribution condition of the flapping load in the shimmy direction, then only applying a shimmy load, measuring and recording the shimmy moment distribution condition at the moment, and the load distribution condition of the shimmy load in the flapping direction, and recording the difference between the actually measured flapping load and the actually measured shimmy load and the target flapping load and the target shimmy load under the two conditions;

SS8, adjusting the position of the counterweight mass block according to the difference between the swinging and shimmy direction test load and the target load in the step SS7, wherein the adjustment strategy is to adjust the counterweight mass along a certain direction of the blade span direction, and determine the adjustment direction and the adjustment size according to the difference between the loaded actual measurement load and the target load until the blade load distribution trend is close to or possibly consistent with the target load;

SS9, then, after the position of the counterweight mass block is adjusted, the difference between the blade flapping and shimmy direction test load and the target load is further adjusted, the mass of the counterweight mass block is further adjusted, the adjustment strategy is that the counterweight mass is increased and then reduced, the mass is increased or reduced according to the difference between the loaded actual measurement load and the target load, and the amount of the increase and the decrease is determined until the distribution trend of the blade load is close to the target load and possibly consistent or close to the target load;

SS10, after the position and the mass of the counterweight mass block are adjusted, under the condition of keeping the original loading frequency, the loading amplitude values in the swinging and shimmying directions are respectively adjusted, the strategy is adjusted to increase or decrease the loading amplitude value, the increase or decrease of the loading amplitude value and the increase or decrease quantity are determined according to the difference between the actual measurement load and the target load after loading until the distribution trend of the blade load is as consistent or close to the target load as possible;

SS11, after the adjustment, under the condition that the blade is respectively subjected to flap loading and shimmy loading, the distribution condition of the test load and the target load can reach a condition close to each other, the flap load and the shimmy load can be simultaneously applied, and the difference between the flap direction load distribution and the shimmy load distribution and the target flap load and the shimmy target load under the condition is measured and recorded;

SS12. testing the difference between the load and the target load according to the step SS 11; finely adjusting the mass size, the position and the loading amplitude of the counterweight in the swinging and shimmy directions, and referring to the above items by an adjusting strategy until the distribution trend of the blade load is as consistent as possible or close to the target load;

SS13, through the operation, the consistency or the closeness of the test load and the target load of the blade under the conditions of flap and shimmy double-shaft fatigue loading can be realized.

Preferably, the uniaxial loading method used in steps SS2 and SS5 is prior art.

Preferably, in order to achieve the approach of the test load and the target load under the condition of biaxial loading, the adjustment from the step SS7 to the step SS10 is to start only the flap loading or only the shimmy loading, and the adjustment from the step SS11 to the step SS12 is to start both the flap loading and the shimmy loading.

According to the resonant biaxial fatigue loading method for the wind turbine blade, the loading device and the counterweight mass block are adjusted under the condition that only the flapping and the shimmy unidirectional loads are applied, and the loading device and the counterweight mass block are adjusted under the flapping and the shimmy directions simultaneously, so that the loads in the flapping and the shimmy directions can be applied simultaneously, and the purposes that the distribution conditions of the flapping and the shimmy test loads on the blade are consistent with or close to the target loads are achieved. Compared with the existing wind turbine blade which only applies load in a single direction, the method can realize the load application in two directions of flap, flap and vibration at the same time, and can better realize the evaluation of the fatigue resistance of the blade.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the double-shaft resonance type fatigue loading method for the wind turbine blade has the following obvious essential characteristics and obvious advantages:

compared with the existing fatigue loading method for applying load in one direction only, the method can realize load application in two directions of flapping and shimmy at the same time, and can better evaluate the fatigue resistance of the blade. Due to the adoption of the resonance type double-shaft fatigue loading method, the power output of the loading device can be reduced, and the economic performance of the test is improved.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments below.

In this embodiment, taking a current mainstream MW-grade wind turbine blade as an example, the following steps are adopted to implement:

1) determining the fatigue test target load of the blade in the flapping and shimmy directions according to the design file of the wind turbine blade to be tested;

2) installing a loading device and a counterweight mass block on a blade fixed on a blade experiment bench, wherein the loading device adopts a hydraulic loading device, and finding and determining the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block which meet the condition that the actual loading load of the blade in the waving direction is consistent with or close to the target load by repeatedly adjusting the positions, the loading frequency and the loading amplitude of the loading device and the counterweight mass block;

3) after the target with the loading load consistent with or close to the target load in the waving direction in the step 2) is realized, recording various mass position parameters, loading frequency, loading amplitude and other parameters of the loading device and the counterweight mass block in the step;

4) detaching the loading device and the counterweight mass block in the waving direction from the blade to be tested, and recovering the blade to be tested to the initial state before the loading device is installed;

5) the installation position of the blade on the experiment table is not changed, the step consistent with the step 2) is adopted, the single-shaft fatigue loading process in the shimmy direction of the blade is carried out, and the actual loading load of the blade in the shimmy direction is consistent with or close to the target load;

6) and after the target that the load in the shimmy direction is consistent with or close to the target load in the step 5) is realized, continuously keeping the loading device in the shimmy direction and the counterweight mass on the blade. Referring to 3) recorded mass and position parameters of the flapping direction loading device and the counterweight mass block, re-installing the flapping direction loading device and the counterweight mass block on the blade to be tested; .

7) Under the condition that the flapwise and shimmy direction loading device and the counterweight mass are installed on the blade, only the flapwise load is applied, and the flapwise moment distribution condition at the moment and the load distribution condition caused by the flapwise load in the shimmy direction are measured and recorded. And then only applying the shimmy load, and measuring and recording the flapping moment distribution condition at the moment and the load distribution condition of the flapping load in the shimmy direction. Recording the difference between the flapping load distribution and the shimmy load distribution and the difference between the target flapping load and the shimmy target load under two conditions;

8) adjusting the position of the counterweight mass block according to the difference between the swinging and shimmy direction test load and the target load in the step 7), wherein the adjustment strategy is to adjust the counterweight mass along a certain direction of the blade span direction at first, and determine the adjustment direction and the adjustment size according to the difference between the actual measurement load and the target load after loading until the distribution trend of the blade load is as consistent or close to the target load as possible;

9) and then, after the position of the counterweight mass block is adjusted, testing the difference between the load and the target load in the blade flapping and shimmy directions, and further adjusting the mass of the counterweight mass block. The adjustment strategy is that the mass of the counterweight is increased and then reduced, the mass is increased or reduced and the quantity of the mass is increased or reduced according to the difference between the loaded measured load and the target load until the distribution trend of the blade load is as consistent as possible or close to the target load;

10) after the position and the mass of the counterweight mass block are adjusted, under the condition of keeping the original loading frequency, the loading amplitude values in the waving and shimmy directions are respectively adjusted, the strategy is adjusted to increase or decrease the loading amplitude values, the increase or decrease of the loading amplitude values and the increase and decrease quantity are determined according to the difference size of the actual measurement load and the target load after loading, and the distribution trend of the blade load is close to or possibly consistent with the target load;

11) after the adjustment, under the conditions that the blade is subjected to flap loading and shimmy loading respectively, the test load distribution condition and the target load can be relatively close to each other. At the moment, the flap load and the shimmy load can be applied simultaneously, the blade under the condition is measured and recorded, and the difference between the flap load distribution and the shimmy load distribution and the target flap load and the shimmy target load under the two conditions is recorded;

12) according to the difference between the test load and the target load in 11), finely adjusting the mass size, the position and the loading amplitude of the counterweight in the swinging and shimmy directions, and referring to the adjustment strategy until the distribution trend of the blade load is close to the target load and possibly consistent or close to the target load;

13) through the operation, the consistency or the closeness of the test load and the target load can be realized under the condition of the blade in the dual-direction fatigue loading of flap and shimmy.

Through the implementation of the steps, the determination of the resonant fatigue loading scheme of the blade is completed.

The above-mentioned embodiments further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.