阅读说明：本技术 带状注速调管高频结构及其谐振腔特性参数测试调整方法 (High-frequency structure of banded beam klystron and method for testing and adjusting characteristic parameters of resonant cavity of high-frequency structure ) 是由 赵鼎 侯筱琬 赵超 顾伟 于 2021-08-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开涉及一种带状注速调管高频结构和谐振腔特性参数测试调整方法。带状注速调管高频结构包括：主体部,由两个分体部结合而成,每个分体部内设有至少一组调谐单元,每个调谐单元包括：贯穿主体部在横向方向延伸的漂移通道；在漂移通道内沿纵向方向延伸的至少一个波导槽；以及形成在波导槽的第一端、并与波导槽连通的直波导腔；膜片盖板组件,包括：膜片,膜片可移动地安装在波导槽与第一端相对的第二端；以及调谐机构组件,被构造成调整所述膜片与波导槽之间的距离；以及衰减瓷组件,包括：底座,在直波导腔与波导槽相对的一侧,安装在分体部上并密封所述直波导腔；以及衰减瓷体,安装在底座内,并至少部分插入直波导腔内。(The disclosure relates to a high-frequency structure of a strip-shaped klystron and a method for testing and adjusting characteristic parameters of a resonant cavity. The high-frequency structure of the strip-shaped speed-regulating tube comprises: the main part, by two components of a whole that can function independently portions combine to form, be equipped with at least a set of tuning unit in every components of a whole that can function independently portion, every tuning unit includes: a drift channel extending in a transverse direction through the body portion; at least one waveguide slot extending in a longitudinal direction within the drift channel; and a straight waveguide cavity formed at the first end of the waveguide groove and communicating with the waveguide groove; a diaphragm cover plate assembly comprising: a diaphragm movably mounted at a second end of the waveguide slot opposite the first end; and a tuning mechanism assembly configured to adjust a distance between the diaphragm and the waveguide groove; and an attenuating porcelain assembly comprising: a base installed on the divided portion at a side of the straight waveguide cavity opposite to the waveguide groove and sealing the straight waveguide cavity; and the attenuation ceramic body is arranged in the base and at least partially inserted into the straight waveguide cavity.)

1. A high frequency structure of a strip beam klystron for microwave and millimeter wave electro-vacuum devices, comprising:

the main part, by two components of a whole that can function independently portion combination forms, every be equipped with at least a set of tuning unit in the components of a whole that can function independently portion, every tuning unit includes:

a drift channel extending in a lateral direction through the body portion;

at least one waveguide slot extending in a longitudinal direction within the drift channel; and

a straight waveguide cavity formed at a first end of the waveguide groove and communicating with the waveguide groove; a diaphragm cover plate assembly comprising:

a diaphragm movably mounted at a second end of the waveguide slot opposite the first end; and

a tuning mechanism assembly configured to adjust a distance between the diaphragm and the waveguide groove; and

an attenuating porcelain assembly comprising:

a base mounted on the divided part on a side of the straight waveguide cavity opposite to the waveguide groove and sealing the straight waveguide cavity; and

and the attenuating ceramic body is arranged in the base and at least partially inserted into the straight waveguide cavity.

2. The ribbon type klystron high frequency structure of claim 1 wherein a first end and a second end of said waveguide slot are provided with a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber, respectively, an installation groove is formed on said split portion,

the diaphragm cover plate assembly further comprises:

the cover plate is installed in the installation groove;

a tuning rod movably passing through the cover plate in the longitudinal direction, the diaphragm being mounted at a first end of the tuning rod.

3. The ribbon beam-gap high-frequency structure according to claim 1, wherein the tuning mechanism assembly comprises:

a support seat mounted on the split portion;

and the driving rod is arranged on the supporting seat and combined with the tuning rod so as to drive the tuning rod to move the diaphragm in the longitudinal direction.

4. The ribbon beam-gap high-frequency structure according to claim 1, wherein the tuning mechanism assembly further comprises:

the pressing plate is arranged on one side of the supporting seat opposite to the splitting part, and the driving rod penetrates through the pressing plate and the supporting seat;

the driving rod is provided with a limiting bulge, and the supporting seat is provided with a limiting groove matched with the limiting bulge;

the tuning rod non-rotatably penetrates through a cover plate of the diaphragm cover plate assembly, and the driving rod is in threaded engagement with the tuning rod, so that rotation of the driving rod is converted into linear movement of the tuning rod.

5. The ribbon type klystron high frequency structure of claim 2, wherein a boss surrounding the second sub-chamber and a positioning groove surrounding the boss are provided in the mounting groove;

the cover plate is provided with a containing groove which is matched with the boss and contains the diaphragm, and a matched boss matched with the locating groove.

6. The ribbon type klystron high frequency structure of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the two split portions comprise mirror image structures and are bonded together by pressure welding.

7. The ribbon type klystron high frequency structure of claim 1, wherein the membrane comprises a layer of composite elastic sheet rolled from bonded metal.

8. The ribbon type klystron high-frequency structure according to claim 1, wherein a fixing groove is provided in the base of the attenuating porcelain assembly, the attenuating porcelain body being fixed in the fixing groove by a metallized layer,

the attenuating ceramic body has a substantially wedge-shaped outer contour and/or one surface of the attenuating ceramic body has a contour with a gradual curve.

9. A method for testing and adjusting the resonant cavity characteristic parameters of the ribbon type klystron as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, comprising:

a cold measurement plugging pressure plate is arranged on the main body part to plug the second end of the waveguide groove;

installing a cold flange connecting piece at one side of the straight waveguide cavity of the main body part, which is opposite to the waveguide groove, wherein the cold flange connecting piece comprises:

the cold measurement flange plate is connected with a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer;

the cold measurement straight waveguide section is connected to the cold measurement flange plate;

the cold measurement supporting seat is connected to the cold measurement straight waveguide section and is installed on the main body part; and

the cold measurement end socket seals the straight waveguide cavity at one side of the cold measurement supporting seat opposite to the cold measurement straight waveguide section, so that the straight waveguide cavity is communicated with a through hole of a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer;

and measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the main body part under the condition of ensuring that the main body part meets the detection standard.

10. The test adjustment method of claim 9, further comprising:

disassembling the cold-testing plugging pressing plate;

mounting the diaphragm cover plate assembly on the main body part to seal the second end of the waveguide groove;

measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the membrane cover plate assembly under the condition of ensuring that the resonant frequency and the quality factor meet the detection standard; and/or

Disassembling the cold measuring flange connecting piece and the diaphragm cover plate assembly;

the attenuating porcelain assembly is held on the main body part by an attenuating porcelain assembly pressing plate so as to seal the straight waveguide cavity;

a cold measuring pressing plate suitable for sealing the second sub-chamber is arranged on the main body part, and the cold measuring flange connecting piece is arranged on the cold side pressing plate, so that the resonant cavity is communicated with the through hole of the waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer through the waveguide hole on the cold side pressing plate;

and measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the attenuation porcelain body of the attenuation porcelain component under the condition of ensuring that the detection standard is met.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to microwave and millimeter wave electro-vacuum devices, and more particularly to a strip beam klystron high-frequency structure for microwave and millimeter wave electro-vacuum devices and a method for testing and adjusting resonant cavity characteristic parameters thereof.

Background

The klystron has been developed from an initial simple double-cavity klystron to a currently commonly adopted multi-gap and multi-cavity structural scheme, the cavity forms comprise a reentrant cavity, a coaxial cavity, a dumbbell-shaped cavity, an expansion interaction cavity, a filter loading multi-gap cavity and the like, and accordingly, a working mode can be selected from a basic mode or a high-order mode, and an electronic beam form relates to a single-beam, multi-beam, hollow beam and strip beam scheme.

The klystron can generate high-frequency pulse or continuous wave power output, and has high power capacity and reliability due to the characteristic that the electron gun, the high-frequency circuit and the collector are mutually separated. The klystron is used as a microwave and millimeter wave amplifier with high power, high gain and high efficiency, and has the advantages of compact structure, stability, reliability and long service life, so that the klystron is widely applied.

At present, with the progress of three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software and precision machining technology, aiming at further improving the output power of millimeter wave and sub-millimeter wave band devices, a high-power capacity strip-shaped klystron needs to be developed. Different from the traditional resonant cavity with an axisymmetric structure using a circular electron beam, the resonant cavity of the strip-shaped beam speed regulation tube is differentiated into a plane symmetric structure with sub-cavities at two sides and rectangular waveguide in the middle for matching with a flat beam with a large width-height ratio. Its advantages mainly include two aspects: firstly, the interaction area of the cavity is larger, and correspondingly, the heat dissipation area and the power capacity are also larger; secondly, in the high frequency section, the planar structure easily realizes high accuracy processing and assembly welding, accords with the trend that vacuum electronic device is to the trend of complanation, integration direction development.

The resonant cavity of the klystron exchanges energy with electron beams by establishing a mode electric field in a gap, except that an input cavity and an output cavity are respectively used for beam modulation and power extraction without loading, in order to more effectively enhance beam bunching and inhibit oscillation and improve fundamental wave components in motion current as much as possible, the quality factor of the middle cavity needs to be calculated and selected by a large-signal program to obtain a reasonable numerical value, and the numerical value is usually lower than the inherent quality factor of a cavity body after mechanical processing. The characteristic parameters of the cavity have important influence on the wave injection interaction of the klystron, and further determine the quality of the overall performance of the device. The characteristic impedance of the resonant cavity depends on the cavity structure, and is basically determined in the design stage.

According to the method, a three-dimensional model of a resonant cavity is established in electromagnetic analysis software, the resonant frequency of a cavity working mode and the frequency interval between the resonant frequency and an adjacent mode are calculated by the software, then a probe is inserted into a drift channel and placed on two sides of the cavity, the peak positions on a transmission curve are recorded, the frequency interval between actually measured peaks is compared with the calculated value, and then the working mode is screened out and the frequency of the working mode is determined.

By using the method, the resolution of the working mode in the plane multi-gap dumbbell-shaped cavity and the measurement of the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the working mode can only be completed, the frequency offset caused by machining errors and brazing deformation cannot be compensated, and a solution for adjusting the frequency and the quality factor of the dumbbell-shaped resonant cavity to design values at the same time is not provided. In addition, for a klystron with a small drift channel size and working in a high frequency band (greater than 100GHz), the processing and manufacturing difficulty of a thin probe is high, and the requirement on the insertion positioning precision of the probe is high, so that the measurement of the resonant frequency and the quality factor of a cavity of the klystron by using the probe cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a high-frequency structure of a strip-shaped speed-regulating tube and a resonant cavity characteristic parameter testing and adjusting method thereof, which aim to solve the problem that the frequency deviation caused by machining errors and brazing deformation cannot be compensated in the background technology.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a ribbon klystron high frequency structure, including:

the main part, by two components of a whole that can function independently portions combine to form, be equipped with at least a set of tuning unit in every above-mentioned components of a whole that can function independently portion, every tuning unit includes:

a drift channel extending in a transverse direction through the body portion;

at least one waveguide slot extending in a longitudinal direction within said drift channel; and

a straight waveguide cavity formed at a first end of the waveguide groove and communicating with the waveguide groove;

a diaphragm cover plate assembly comprising:

a diaphragm movably mounted at a second end of the waveguide slot opposite the first end; and

a tuning mechanism assembly configured to adjust a distance between the diaphragm and the waveguide groove; and

an attenuating porcelain assembly comprising:

a base mounted on the divided portion on a side of the straight waveguide cavity opposite to the waveguide groove and sealing the straight waveguide cavity; and

and the attenuation ceramic body is arranged in the base and at least partially inserted into the straight waveguide cavity.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the first end and the second end of the waveguide groove are provided with a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber, respectively, an installation groove is formed on the split portion,

above-mentioned diaphragm apron subassembly still includes:

the cover plate is arranged in the mounting groove;

a tuning rod movably passing through the cover plate in the longitudinal direction, the diaphragm being mounted at a first end of the tuning rod.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the tuning mechanism assembly includes:

a support seat mounted on the split part;

and a driving rod installed on the support base and combined with the tuning rod to drive the tuning rod to move the diaphragm in the longitudinal direction.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the tuning mechanism assembly further includes:

a pressing plate installed at one side of the supporting seat opposite to the separating part, wherein the driving rod penetrates through the pressing plate and the supporting seat;

the driving rod is provided with a limit bulge, the supporting seat is provided with a limit groove matched with the limit bulge,

the tuning rod non-rotatably penetrates through a cover plate of the diaphragm cover plate assembly, and the driving rod is in threaded connection with the tuning rod, so that the rotation of the driving rod is converted into the linear movement of the tuning rod.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, a boss surrounding the second sub-chamber and a positioning groove surrounding the boss are disposed in the mounting groove;

the cover plate is provided with an accommodating groove which is matched with the boss and accommodates the diaphragm, and a matched boss which is matched with the positioning groove.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein two of the above-mentioned split portions comprise mirror-image structures and are joined together by means of pressure welding.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the diaphragm includes a layer of composite elastic sheet rolled by bonding metal.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a fixing groove is provided in the base of the attenuating porcelain assembly, the attenuating porcelain body is fixed in the fixing groove by a metalized layer,

the attenuating ceramic body has a substantially wedge-shaped outer contour and/or one surface of the attenuating ceramic body has a gradually curved contour.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for testing and adjusting resonant cavity characteristic parameters, including:

a cold measurement plugging pressure plate is arranged on the main body part to plug the second end of the waveguide groove;

installing a cold flange connecting piece at one side of the straight waveguide cavity of the main body part, which is opposite to the waveguide groove, wherein the cold flange connecting piece comprises:

the cold measurement flange plate is connected with a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer;

the cold measurement straight waveguide section is connected to the cold measurement flange plate;

the cold measurement supporting seat is connected to the cold measurement straight waveguide section and is installed on the main body part; and

the cold measurement end socket seals the straight waveguide cavity at one side of the cold measurement supporting seat opposite to the cold measurement straight waveguide section, so that the straight waveguide cavity is communicated with a through hole of a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer;

and measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the main body part under the condition of ensuring that the main body part meets the detection standard.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, among them, still include:

disassembling the cold-testing plugging pressing plate;

mounting the diaphragm cover plate assembly on the main body part to seal the second end of the waveguide groove;

measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the membrane cover plate assembly under the condition of ensuring that the resonant frequency and the quality factor meet the detection standard; and/or

Disassembling the cold measuring flange connecting piece and the diaphragm cover plate assembly;

the attenuating porcelain assembly is held on the main body part by an attenuating porcelain assembly pressing plate so as to seal the straight waveguide cavity;

a cold measuring pressing plate suitable for sealing the second sub-chamber is arranged on the main body part, and the cold measuring flange connecting piece is arranged on the cold side pressing plate, so that the resonant cavity is communicated with the through hole of the waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer through the waveguide hole on the cold side pressing plate;

and measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the attenuation porcelain body of the attenuation porcelain component under the condition of ensuring that the detection standard is met.

This is disclosed through the setting of diaphragm apron subassembly and decay porcelain subassembly, can realize adjusting the resonant frequency of cavity mode to adjust the frequency and the quality factor of dumbbell shape resonant cavity to the design value, through the setting of decay porcelain subassembly, can also reduce the quality factor of mode effectively, help optimizing high frequency circuit, reinforcing electron beam crowd gathers, and then improves notes ripples interaction efficiency and output.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following description of embodiments of the disclosure, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 schematically illustrates a partially cut-away perspective view of a ribbon klystron high frequency structure of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 schematically illustrates a perspective view of a partial portion of a ribbon beam klystron high frequency structure of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 schematically illustrates another perspective view of the split portion shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a partially cut-away perspective view of a diaphragm cover plate assembly of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the diaphragm cover plate assembly shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 schematically illustrates a perspective cross-sectional view of a tuning mechanism assembly of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the tuning mechanism assembly shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an attenuating porcelain assembly according to one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of the attenuating porcelain assembly shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an assembly of selected body portions for performing a tuning method for cavity characterization parameters according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a perspective view of a cold side flange connection according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 schematically illustrates a perspective view of a cold side plugging platen according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an assembly of a selected diaphragm cover plate assembly for performing a tuning method for testing resonant cavity parameters according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an assembly of a damping ceramic body selected by a resonant cavity characteristic parameter testing and adjusting method of a ribbon beam klystron according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 15 schematically illustrates a perspective view of a cold measurement platen according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; and

fig. 16 schematically illustrates a perspective view of an attenuating porcelain assembly platen according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figure: 1-body part, 111-body part, 112-body part, 11-first sub-chamber, 113-installation groove, 12-waveguide groove, 13-drift channel, 14-second sub-chamber, 15-boss, 16-positioning groove, 17-fixing hole, 18-limit sink, 19-straight waveguide chamber, 2-diaphragm cover plate component, 21-tuning rod, 22-cover plate, 23-diaphragm, 211-screw hole, 212-first end of tuning rod, 221-limit hole, 222-accommodation groove, 223-matching boss, 3-tuning mechanism component, 31-driving rod, 311-square head structure, 312-limit protrusion, 313-fine-tooth screw rod, 32-pressing plate, 33-supporting seat, 34-locking screw, 321-press plate through holes, 322-locking through holes, 331-tuning seat through holes, 332-limiting grooves, 333-locking holes, 334-folding legs, 4-attenuation porcelain components, 41-bases, 42-attenuation porcelain bodies, 411-fixing grooves, 421-wedges, 422-metalized layers, 5-fixing screws, 6-cold testing flange connecting pieces, 61-cold testing flange plates, 62-cold testing straight waveguide sections, 63-bolt holes, 64-cold testing end sockets, 65-cold testing support seats, 7-cold testing plugging press plates, 71-cold testing plugging positioning grooves, 72-cold testing plugging bosses, 73-bolt holes, 74-cold testing plugging press plate bodies, 8-cold testing press plates, 81-waveguide holes, 82-cold testing press plate limiting grooves and 83-bolt holes, 84-cold measuring pressure plate boss, 9-attenuation porcelain component pressure plate, 91-bolt hole, and 92-attenuation porcelain component limiting groove.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure. It may be evident, however, that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It is noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

Where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have a alone, B alone, C alone, a and B together, a and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, C together, etc.).

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, a ribbon type klystron high frequency structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a main body part 1, a diaphragm cover plate component 2 and an attenuation porcelain component 4.

The main body part 1 is formed by combining two split parts (111,112), at least one group of tuning units is arranged in each split part (111,112), and each tuning unit comprises: a drift channel 13 extending in the lateral direction through the body 1; at least one waveguide slot 12 extending in a longitudinal direction within drift channel 13; and a straight waveguide cavity 19 formed at a first end of waveguide groove 12 and communicating with waveguide groove 12.

The diaphragm cover assembly 2 includes: a diaphragm 23 and a tuning mechanism assembly 3, the diaphragm 23 being movably mounted at a second end of the waveguide groove 12 opposite to the first end; tuning mechanism assembly 3 is configured to adjust the distance between diaphragm 23 and waveguide groove 12.

The attenuating porcelain assembly 4 includes: a base 41 and an attenuating ceramic 42, the base 41 being mounted on the split portion 1 on a side of the straight waveguide cavity 19 opposite to the waveguide groove 12 and sealing the straight waveguide cavity 19; an attenuating ceramic 42 is mounted in the base 41 and is at least partially inserted into the straight waveguide cavity 19.

This is disclosed through the setting of diaphragm apron subassembly 2 and decay porcelain subassembly 4, can realize adjusting the resonant frequency of cavity mode to adjust the frequency and the quality factor of dumbbell shape resonant cavity to the design value, through the setting of decay porcelain subassembly 4, can also reduce the quality factor of mode effectively, help optimizing high frequency circuit, reinforcing electron notes crowd gathers, and then improves notes ripples interaction efficiency and output.

Because the diaphragm cover plate assembly 2 and the attenuation porcelain assembly 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the main body part 1, adjustment of the quality factor and the resonant frequency of a working mode can be separately performed, the processing problem and the signal interference problem of probe test are avoided, and therefore the test adjustment of the characteristic parameters of the planar multi-gap dumbbell-shaped resonant cavity can be realized.

The hollow part in the main body part 1 forms a multi-gap resonant cavity, the high-frequency circuit of the actual device generally comprises a plurality of resonant cavities, and the number of gaps of each resonant cavity can be less than or more than five, the embodiment is described by taking a structure comprising a five-gap (specifically, 5 gaps are arranged on the waveguide slot 12) resonant cavity as an example, the planar five-gap resonant cavity in the embodiment corresponds to the middle cavity of the high-frequency structure of the actual ribbon beam klystron, and when the cold measurement adjustment is performed on the planar high-frequency structure with two or more multi-gap middle cavities, the principle and the device are the same as those described in the embodiment.

In order to obtain better conductivity, the main body part 1 can be made of an oxygen-free copper material, the drift channel 13 can be designed as a rectangular drift channel for accommodating a strip-shaped electron beam, the waveguide grooves 12 can be designed as rectangular waveguide grooves which are periodically arranged and are connected with sub-chambers (a first sub-chamber 11 and a second sub-chamber 14) on two sides of the multi-gap resonant cavity, the number of the waveguide grooves 12 is usually odd number based on symmetrical design requirements, and the width of the waveguide grooves 12 parallel to the direction of the drift channel and the period length between the adjacent waveguide grooves 12 depend on the working parameters of the klystron.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, according to the ribbon type klystron high-frequency structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first end and the second end of the waveguide groove 12 are provided with the first sub-chamber 11 and the second sub-chamber 14, respectively, and the installation groove 113 is formed on the divided portion. The first sub-chamber 11 and the second sub-chamber 14 may be provided in the same structure, i.e. in the same shape and size. The side wall of the second sub-chamber 14 is removed in the process of machining, and then the second sub-chamber 14 is blocked by a membrane 23 pressed on the plane of the boss 15, so that a complete closed resonant cavity structure is formed.

The waveguide slot 12, the first sub-chamber 11 and the second sub-chamber 14 have the same sinking depth from the surface of the split parts (111,112), so that the waveguide slot can be formed by one-time feed machining, and the influence of the dimension machining error on the cavity frequency can be reduced.

The diaphragm cover assembly 2 further comprises: a cover plate 22 and a tuning rod 21, the cover plate 22 being mounted in the mounting groove 113; the tuning rod 21 is movably passed through the cover plate 22 in the longitudinal direction, the diaphragm 23 is mounted at a first end 212 of the tuning rod 21, and the tuning rod 21 is provided at the top with a screw hole 211.

Specifically, the diaphragm 23 can be fixed at the first end of the tuning rod 21 and the first end of the cover plate 22 by brazing, the diaphragm 23 is deformed and displaced within a certain range under the pulling action of the tuning mechanism assembly 3, the cover plate 22 is placed in the positioning groove 16 in the mounting groove 113, and after the diaphragm 23 is attached to and pressed against the surface of the boss 15 containing the second sub-chamber 14, the diaphragm 23 serves as a movable side wall to seal the second sub-chamber 14, the rotatable driving rod 31 drives the tuning rod 21 in the diaphragm cover plate assembly 2 to move, so that the distance between the waveguide groove 12 and the diaphragm 23 is changed, and the frequency of the resonant cavity is adjusted.

As shown in fig. 6 to 7, according to the ribbon type klystron high-frequency structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the tuning mechanism assembly 3 includes: support base 33, drive rod 31 and pressure plate 32.

The support base 33 is mounted on the split portions 111, 112; a driving rod 31 mounted on the support base 33 and coupled with the tuning rod 21 to drive the tuning rod 21 to move the diaphragm 23 in the longitudinal direction, a pressing plate 32 mounted on a side of the support base 33 opposite to the divided portions (111,112), the driving rod 31 passing through the pressing plate 32, the support base 33; the driving rod 31 is provided with a limiting protrusion 312, the supporting seat 33 is provided with a limiting groove 332 matched with the limiting protrusion 312, the supporting seat 33 is further provided with a tuning seat through hole 331, and the tuning seat through hole 331 is communicated with the limiting groove 332. The pressing plate 32 is provided with a pressing plate through hole 321.

The tuning rod 21 non-rotatably penetrates the cover plate 22 of the diaphragm cover assembly 2, and the driving rod 31 is screw-coupled with the tuning rod 21, so that the rotation of the driving rod 31 is converted into the linear movement of the tuning rod 21. Namely, the rotation of the driving rod 31 drives the tuning rod 21 and the diaphragm 23 to ascend or descend together, so as to change the volume of the second sub-chamber 14 in the multi-gap resonant cavity, and thus, the resonant frequency of the cavity is finely adjusted.

The limiting protrusion 312 is cylindrical, the driving rod 31 can freely rotate around the central axis, the upper portion of the driving rod 31 can be milled into a square head-shaped structure 311, fine adjustment of the amplified angular stroke of the external rotating wheel can be conveniently achieved through sleeving, and the lower portion of the driving rod 31 can be designed into a fine-tooth screw 313.

The pressing plate 32 is provided with a locking through hole 322, the supporting seat 33 is provided with a locking hole 333, and the locking screw 34 sequentially penetrates through the locking through hole 322 and the locking hole 333 to fix the pressing plate 32 on the supporting seat 33, so that the driving rod 31 is limited to rotate only.

The side of the support seat 33 is provided with a folding leg 334, the side wall of the main body 1 is provided with a fixing hole 17, and the fixing screw 5 passes through the folding leg 334 and the fixing hole 17 in sequence to fix the support seat 33 on the main body 1.

As shown in fig. 2 to 5, according to the high-frequency structure of a ribbon-shaped klystron of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a boss 15 surrounding the second sub-chamber 14 and a positioning groove 16 surrounding the boss are provided in the mounting groove 113; the cover plate 22 is provided with a receiving groove 222 which is engaged with the boss 15 and receives the membrane 23, and an engaging boss 223 which is engaged with the positioning groove 16.

The shape of the fitting projection 223 includes a shape of a letter "hui", which makes the structure of fitting projection 223 to the positioning groove 16 more stable.

The testing and adjusting device for the characteristic parameters of the planar multi-gap resonant cavity in this embodiment only takes one middle cavity as an example, and the number of the resonant cavities included in the high-frequency system of the actual ribbon beam klystron is two or more, so that the boss 15 on the high-frequency cavity has a plurality of rectangular openings therein, which correspond to the second sub-chambers 14 of the plurality of tandem resonant cavities respectively. In order to close the sub-cavities, a plurality of through limiting holes 221 are arranged on the cover plate 22 in the corresponding mulching film cover plate assembly 2 to accommodate tuning rods 21 corresponding to different sub-cavities, and the tuning rods 21 are welded on the single film 23, and one resonant cavity corresponds to one tuning rod 21, so that independent tuning of the frequency of each cavity can still be ensured.

As shown in fig. 2 to 3, according to the ribbon type klystron high frequency structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure, two divided portions (111,112) include mirror-image structures and are bonded together by means of pressure welding.

The inner surfaces of the two body parts (111,112) which are brought together (i.e. the upper surfaces of fig. 2 and 3 which comprise the cavity structures) need to have a good flatness in order to ensure that they are effectively bonded together by pressure welding and thus gas-tight.

As shown in fig. 4-5, according to the high-frequency structure of the strip-shaped klystron of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the membrane 23 includes a layer of composite elastic sheet rolled by bonding metal, and the side of the membrane 23 facing the second sub-chamber 14 of the multi-gap resonator cavity can be designed to be copper material with good electrical conductivity, but does not exclude other materials that can achieve this function.

As shown in fig. 8-9, according to the high-frequency structure of the strip beam klystron of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a fixing groove 411 is provided in the base of the attenuating porcelain assembly 4, the attenuating porcelain body 42 is fixed in the fixing groove 411 through a metallization layer 422, the attenuating porcelain body 42 has a substantially wedge-shaped outer contour and/or one surface of the attenuating porcelain body has a contour with a gradually changing curve, the size of the narrow side of the attenuating porcelain body 42 is kept constant, the size of the wide side is changed linearly, and the angle of the wedge 421 can be optimized through simulation to ensure that the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the straight waveguide cavity 19 on the main body portion 1 is absorbed as unreflected as possible.

The sectional shape of the fixing slot 411 includes a square shape, in order to avoid the extrusion damage to the attenuation ceramic body, four square right angles are replaced by a small expanded arc, and the attenuation ceramic body 42 is welded with the attenuation ceramic body 42 and the base 41 into a whole through the metallization layer 422.

The main body part 1 is provided with a limiting sunken groove 18, the limiting sunken groove 18 is positioned on one side of the straight waveguide cavity 19 opposite to the waveguide groove 12, the base 41 of the attenuating porcelain component 4 can be fixed in the limiting sunken groove 18 in a brazing mode, and the quality factor of the resonant cavity is reduced to a design value in a mode of absorbing a traveling wave electromagnetic field in the straight waveguide cavity 19.

In order to increase the absorbed power capacity, the limiting sink 18 of the high-frequency cavity is externally connected with a gradually-changed waveguide with an gradually-increased inner hole, and then the attenuation ceramic assembly 4 with the increased volume is placed in a larger waveguide space, so that the high-frequency cavity can be suitable for high-frequency cavities with sub-millimeter wave bands.

As shown in fig. 10 to 16, a method for testing and adjusting resonant cavity characteristic parameters of a ribbon klystron according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes:

a cold side plugging pressure plate 7 is mounted on the main body portion 1 to plug the second end of the waveguide groove 12.

The cold measurement plugging pressing plate 7 comprises a cold measurement plugging pressing plate body 74, one side of the cold measurement plugging pressing plate body 74 is provided with a cold measurement plugging boss 72 and a cold measurement plugging positioning groove 71 formed inside the cold measurement plugging boss 72, a bolt hole 73 is further formed in the cold measurement plugging pressing plate body 74, and the cold measurement plugging pressing plate body 74 can be fixed on the main body portion 1 through bolts.

A cold flange connection member 6 is mounted on a side of the straight waveguide cavity 19 of the main body portion 1 opposite to the waveguide groove 12, and the cold flange connection member 6 includes: cold measurement flange plate 61, cold measurement straight waveguide section 62, cold measurement supporting seat 65 and cold measurement head 64.

The cold measurement flange plate 61 is connected with a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer; the cold measurement straight waveguide section 62 is connected to the cold measurement flange plate 61; the cold measurement supporting seat 65 is connected to the cold measurement straight waveguide section 62 and is installed on the main body part 1; the cold measurement end socket 64 seals the straight waveguide cavity 19 at the side, opposite to the cold measurement straight waveguide section 62, of the cold measurement support seat 65, so that the straight waveguide cavity 19 is communicated with a through hole of a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer, the straight waveguide cavity 19 is aligned with the through hole of the waveguide flange and is in tight butt joint, and measurement errors can be effectively reduced; the cold measurement support base 65 is provided with a bolt hole 63, and the cold measurement support base 65 can be fixed on the main body part 1 through a bolt.

And measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part 1 by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the main body part 1 meeting the standard under the condition of ensuring that the main body part meets the detection standard.

And (5) disassembling the cold-testing plugging pressing plate 7.

A diaphragm cover plate assembly 2 is mounted on the main body portion 1 to close off the second end of the waveguide slot.

And measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part 1 by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the membrane cover plate assembly 2 meeting the standard under the condition of ensuring that the detection standard is met.

And (5) disassembling the cold measuring flange connecting piece 6 and the diaphragm cover plate assembly 2.

The attenuating porcelain assembly 4 is held on the main body portion 1 by an attenuating porcelain assembly holding plate 9 to close off the straight waveguide cavity 19.

Be equipped with decay porcelain subassembly spacing groove 92, bolt hole 91 on the decay porcelain subassembly clamp plate 9, 4 tails of decay porcelain subassemblies are located decay porcelain subassembly spacing groove 92, and decay porcelain subassembly clamp plate 9 can pass through the bolt fastening on main part 1.

A cold measuring pressure plate 8 suitable for sealing the second sub-chamber 14 is arranged on the main body part, and a cold measuring flange connecting piece 6 is arranged on the cold measuring pressure plate 8, so that the resonant cavity is communicated with a through hole of a waveguide flange of the vector network analyzer through a waveguide hole 81 on the cold measuring pressure plate 8; the inboard of cold pressure gage 8 is equipped with cold pressure gage boss 84, and cold pressure gage boss 84 cooperatees with constant head tank 16, and the outside of cold pressure gage 8 is equipped with cold pressure gage spacing groove 82, and cold head 64 is located cold pressure gage spacing groove 82, is equipped with waveguide hole 81 in the cold pressure gage 8, and waveguide hole 81 communicates with each other with cold pressure gage spacing groove 82, still is equipped with bolt hole 83 on the cold pressure gage 8, and cold pressure gage 8 can pass through the bolt fastening on main part 1.

And measuring the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the resonant cavity in the main body part by adopting a single-port group delay method, and selecting the attenuation porcelain component 4 meeting the standard under the condition of ensuring that the detection standard is met.

And disassembling the attenuation porcelain component 4, the attenuation porcelain component pressing plate 9, the cold measurement pressing plate 8 and the cold measurement flange connecting piece 6.

For the input cavity and the output cavity, the attenuation ceramic body 42 does not need to be placed in the standard straight waveguide on the high-frequency cavity, so the test process of the characteristic parameters of the planar multi-gap cavity can be further simplified, the external quality factor of the working mode mainly depends on the shape of the coupling port, the external quality factor is basically determined in the design stage, the mode resonant frequency is adjusted by changing the position of the diaphragm 23, and the link of selecting a proper attenuation ceramic component 4 can be omitted in the test process.

The principle of the resonant cavity characteristic parameter testing and adjusting method of the banded beam injection speed adjusting tube according to the embodiment of the disclosure is as follows: the characteristic impedance of the planar multi-gap resonant cavity depends on the shape of the cavity, which is determined based on a high-frequency structure design process, and therefore, in order to adjust the resonant frequency and the quality factor of the actual cavity to design values, the adjustment needs to be performed through a cold measurement process. Selecting the split parts (111,112) which are machined and molded, firstly carrying out detailed measurement and inspection on the internal structure dimension to ensure that the machining error is within a reasonable range, and then combining the two split parts (111,112) meeting the requirements and welding the two split parts into the main body part 1 through pressure diffusion welding. Aiming at the problems of structural deformation and poor contact of a welding surface which may exist in a high-frequency cavity, whether the resonant frequency and the quality factor of a main body part 1 formed by welding two split parts (111,112) are in a reasonable range is evaluated according to a cavity cold measurement result of a planar multi-gap resonant cavity. And (3) under the acceptable condition, trying to load the diaphragm cover plate assembly 2 and carrying out cold measurement again, measuring the resonant frequency of the cavity by adopting a single-port group delay method, and rotating a driving rod 31 on the tuning mechanism assembly 3 to adjust the resonant frequency of the cavity to a designed value. If the cavity frequency cannot be adjusted to the design value within the whole stroke range of the tuning rod 21 in the cold measurement process, different diaphragm cover plate assemblies 2 can be replaced for trial. Then, the quality factor of the cavity is enabled to enter an allowable range by replacing different attenuation porcelain components 4, and simulation calculation shows that the influence of the existence of the attenuation porcelain body 42 on the resonant frequency of the cavity is small in a wider frequency band, so that the adjustment of the quality factor and the resonant frequency of the cavity can be separately carried out. After the cold testing process is completed, a set of attenuation porcelain component 4 and a set of diaphragm cover plate component 2 which are matched with the high-frequency cavity can be screened out, the attenuation porcelain component and the diaphragm cover plate component are fixed on the main body part 1 through brazing, and after the tuning mechanism component 3 is installed, a planar multi-gap dumbbell-shaped sealing cavity with cavity characteristic parameters meeting design requirements can be obtained as shown in fig. 1.

The planar multi-gap cavity of the strip-shaped klystron usually works in a 2 pi mode, and the external quality factors of other non-working modes are smaller, so that the working modes can be easily distinguished from a group delay curve measured from a waveguide port.

The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, but the embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in the embodiments cannot be used in advantageous combination. The scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, and such alternatives and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.