阅读说明：本技术 一种工作机及其温差发电器 (Working machine and thermoelectric generator thereof ) 是由 邵剑梁 陈冬波 张征 宾成胜 岳帅武 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种工作机及其温差发电器,温差发电器包括：环形散热壳体；至少一组温差发电元件,温差发电元件位于散热壳体的内侧；绝缘板,用于对温差发电元件与散热壳体之间,以及温差发电元件与热源之间绝缘连接；温差发电元件包括若干N型半导体粒子、P型半导体粒子以及用于连接N型半导体粒子和P型半导体粒子的弹性金属导流片,金属导流片可沿散热壳体的周向弯曲。本发明所提供的温差发电器,通过N型半导体粒子和P型半导体粒子的设置,并利用弹性金属导流片的连接,通过弹性金属导流片的弯曲变形,可以使每一个热电偶臂可靠地接触热源和冷源,有利于提高输出功率,同时,利用环形散热壳体的设置,提高散热效果。(The invention discloses a working machine and a thermoelectric generator thereof, wherein the thermoelectric generator comprises: an annular heat dissipation housing; at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements, wherein the thermoelectric generation elements are positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation shell; the insulating plate is used for insulating and connecting the thermoelectric generation element and the heat dissipation shell as well as the thermoelectric generation element and the heat source; the thermoelectric power generation element comprises a plurality of N-type semiconductor particles, P-type semiconductor particles and elastic metal guide vanes for connecting the N-type semiconductor particles and the P-type semiconductor particles, and the metal guide vanes can be bent along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation shell. According to the thermoelectric generator provided by the invention, through the arrangement of the N-type semiconductor particles and the P-type semiconductor particles and the connection of the elastic metal flow deflectors, each thermocouple arm can reliably contact a heat source and a cold source through the bending deformation of the elastic metal flow deflectors, the output power is favorably improved, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the annular heat dissipation shell is utilized to improve the heat dissipation effect.)

1. A thermoelectric generator, comprising:

an annular heat dissipation housing;

at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements (7), wherein the thermoelectric generation elements (7) are positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation shell;

the insulating plate is used for insulating and connecting the thermoelectric generation element (7) and the heat dissipation shell and the thermoelectric generation element (7) and a heat source;

the thermoelectric generation element (7) comprises a plurality of N-type semiconductor particles (26), P-type semiconductor particles (25) and elastic metal guide vanes for connecting the N-type semiconductor particles (26) and the P-type semiconductor particles (25), and the metal guide vanes can be bent along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation shell.

2. Thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating plates comprise a hot-side insulating plate (24) and a cold-side insulating plate (22), the hot-side insulating plate (24) being located inside the thermoelectric generating element (7) and the cold-side insulating plate (22) being located between the heat dissipating housing and the thermoelectric generating element (7).

3. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 2, wherein the hot-side insulating plate (24) is a ceramic plate and the cold-side insulating plate (22) is an elastic insulating plate.

4. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein both axial ends of the thermoelectric generation element (7) are further provided with inner cavity side wall insulation boards (3), and the inner cavity side wall insulation boards (3) are positioned inside the heat dissipation casing.

5. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 4, wherein the joint between the two ends of the heat dissipation casing and the heat source is provided with a heat insulation ring (2), and the heat insulation ring (2) is adjacent to the inner cavity side wall heat insulation plate (3) and is positioned outside the inner cavity side wall heat insulation plate (3).

6. The thermoelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat-dissipating housing comprises at least two housings divided along a circumferential direction thereof, each of the housings being detachably connected to each other; at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements (7) is arranged in each shell.

7. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 6, wherein the inner wall of the insulating plate is distributed with a plurality of particle module positioning strips (23) along the circumferential direction, and the particle module positioning strips (23) are used for separating and positioning each group of thermoelectric generation elements (7).

8. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 6, further comprising an inner sealing plate (14), wherein the inner sealing plate (14) is located between the thermoelectric generation element (7) and the heat source.

9. The thermoelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a wiring board (12) for electrically connecting the respective groups of thermoelectric generation elements (7) and a lead tab, wherein an output lead screw hole (18) is provided on the heat dissipation case, and the lead tab is connected to the output lead screw hole (18).

10. The thermoelectric generator according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat dissipating housing comprises a central cylinder and a plurality of heat dissipating fins (6) located at an outer circumferential portion of the central cylinder, the heat dissipating fins (6) being distributed along an axial direction of the central cylinder and extending in a radial direction of the central cylinder.

11. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 10, wherein each of the heat dissipating fins (6) is arranged in parallel or in a spiral shape.

12. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 10, wherein a plurality of heat pipes (8) are provided on the heat dissipating fin (6), and the heat pipes (8) extend from a side close to the central cylinder to an outside.

13. Thermoelectric generator according to claim 12, characterized in that said heat pipes (8) of adjacent heat dissipating fins (6) are arranged offset.

14. The thermoelectric generator according to claim 12, wherein the heat dissipating fins (6) are provided with heat pipe holes (10) for mounting the heat pipes (8), and an outer diameter of the heat pipe holes (10) is larger than a thickness of the heat dissipating fins (6).

15. A working machine having an engine with an exhaust pipe (1), characterized in that at least one section of the exhaust pipe (1) is provided at its outer circumference with a cooperating thermoelectric generator as claimed in any of claims 1 to 14.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric power generation, in particular to a thermoelectric generator. In addition, the invention also relates to a working machine comprising the thermoelectric generator.

Background

The thermoelectric generation technology is a heat energy utilization technology with great potential and is suitable for the wide thermoelectric conversion application field.

At present, a thermoelectric generator is generally in a planar structure, and the purpose of generating power is achieved by utilizing temperature difference, however, the conventional planar sheet-shaped thermoelectric generation element needs planar contact between a power generation element and a circulation pipeline, and the thermoelectric generator designed under the condition often changes the flow characteristic of hot fluid, thereby affecting the exhaust characteristic of an engine and the heat conduction characteristic of a device.

In the prior art, a circular thermoelectric generator utilizing heat of an exhaust pipe of an engine also exists, and the purpose of generating power is realized by utilizing the temperature of tail gas through sleeving the circular thermoelectric generator on a tail gas pipeline of the engine; however, the circular thermoelectric generator in the prior art generally has an integral structure, is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, has poor universality, has poor heat dissipation effect and low efficiency, and causes serious heat loss in the exhaust pipe.

Therefore, how to improve the applicability of the thermoelectric generator is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a thermoelectric generator which is compact in structure, high in strength and high in self-adaptability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a working machine including the thermoelectric generator described above.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a thermoelectric generator comprising:

an annular heat dissipation housing;

at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements, wherein the thermoelectric generation elements are positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation shell;

the insulating plate is used for insulating and connecting the thermoelectric generation element and the heat dissipation shell and between the thermoelectric generation element and a heat source;

the thermoelectric power generation element comprises a plurality of N-type semiconductor particles, P-type semiconductor particles and elastic metal guide vanes used for connecting the N-type semiconductor particles and the P-type semiconductor particles, and the metal guide vanes can be bent along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation shell.

Preferably, the insulation board comprises a hot-side insulation board and a cold-side insulation board, the hot-side insulation board is located on the inner side of the thermoelectric power generation element, and the cold-side insulation board is located between the heat dissipation shell and the thermoelectric power generation element.

Preferably, the hot-side insulating plate is a ceramic plate, and the cold-side insulating plate is an elastic insulating plate.

Preferably, inner cavity side wall heat insulation plates are further arranged at two axial ends of the thermoelectric generation element and are located inside the heat dissipation shell.

Preferably, the joint of the two ends of the heat dissipation shell and the heat source is provided with a heat insulation ring, and the heat insulation ring is adjacent to the inner cavity side wall heat insulation plate and is positioned at the outer side of the inner cavity side wall heat insulation plate.

Preferably, the heat dissipation shell comprises at least two shells which are divided along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation shell, and the shells are detachably connected; at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements is arranged in each shell.

Preferably, a plurality of particle module positioning strips are distributed on the inner wall of the insulating plate along the circumferential direction of the insulating plate, and the particle module positioning strips are used for separating and positioning each group of thermoelectric generation elements.

Preferably, the thermoelectric generation element further comprises an inner sealing plate located between the thermoelectric generation element and the heat source.

Preferably, the thermoelectric generation element heat dissipation device further comprises a wiring board and a wire joint, wherein the wiring board and the wire joint are used for electrically connecting the thermoelectric generation elements of each group, an output wire threaded hole is formed in the heat dissipation shell, and the wire joint is connected with the output wire threaded hole.

Preferably, the heat dissipation housing includes a central cylinder and a plurality of heat dissipation fins located at an outer circumferential portion of the central cylinder, and the heat dissipation fins are distributed along an axial direction of the central cylinder and extend along a radial direction of the central cylinder.

Preferably, each of the heat dissipating fins is arranged in parallel or in a spiral shape.

Preferably, a plurality of heat pipes are arranged on the heat dissipation fins, and the heat pipes extend outwards from one side close to the central cylinder.

Preferably, the heat pipes on adjacent heat dissipation fins are arranged in a staggered manner.

Preferably, the heat dissipation fins are provided with heat pipe holes for mounting the heat pipes, and the outer diameters of the heat pipe holes are larger than the thickness of the heat dissipation fins.

The invention also provides a working machine which is provided with an engine, wherein the engine is provided with an exhaust pipe, and the peripheral edge of at least one section of the exhaust pipe is provided with the thermoelectric generator matched with the exhaust pipe.

The thermoelectric generator provided by the invention comprises: an annular heat dissipation housing; at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements, wherein the thermoelectric generation elements are positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation shell; the insulating plate is used for insulating and connecting the thermoelectric generation element and the heat dissipation shell and between the thermoelectric generation element and a heat source; the thermoelectric power generation element comprises a plurality of N-type semiconductor particles, P-type semiconductor particles and elastic metal guide vanes used for connecting the N-type semiconductor particles and the P-type semiconductor particles, and the metal guide vanes can be bent along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation shell. According to the thermoelectric generator provided by the invention, through the arrangement of the N-type semiconductor particles and the P-type semiconductor particles and the connection of the elastic metal flow guide sheet, each thermocouple arm can reliably contact a heat source and a cold source through the bending deformation of the elastic metal flow guide sheet, so that the output power is favorably improved, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the annular heat dissipation shell is utilized to improve the heat dissipation effect.

In a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation shell comprises at least two shells divided along the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation shell, and the shells are detachably connected with each other; at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements is arranged in each shell. Above-mentioned setting, through carrying out the split to heat dissipation casing and inside thermoelectric generation component, the mode through the equipment assembles on the heat source, improves manufacturing, assembly, installation, maintenance convenience.

The working machine provided by the invention is provided with the thermoelectric generator, and the thermoelectric generator has the technical effect, so the working machine provided with the thermoelectric generator also has the corresponding technical effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of an embodiment of the thermoelectric generator provided by the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric power generation element of an embodiment of the thermoelectric power generator provided by the present invention;

fig. 4 is a layout diagram of a thermoelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inner sealing plate structure of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein: an exhaust pipe-1; an insulating ring-2; an inner cavity side wall heat insulation plate-3; a first housing-4; a second housing-5; a heat dissipation fin-6; a thermoelectric power generation element-7; a heat pipe-8; heat pipe hole plugs-9; heat pipe aperture-10; a shell fastening bolt-11; a terminal block-12; a gap adjusting shim-13; an inner seal plate-14; shell fastening bolt holes-15; a positioning pin-16; a positioning pin hole-17; output lead screw hole-18; waterproof wire connector-19; a positive output wire-20; a negative output wire-21; a cold side insulation board-22; particle module positioning bar-23; hot side insulation-24; p-type semiconductor particles-25; n-type semiconductor particles-26; hot-face metal guide vanes-27; cold-side metal guide vanes-28; an upper plate-29; middle layer plate-30; a lower plate-31; positive output terminal-32; negative output connector-33; a series circuit lead tab-34; a through connection lead tab-35; positive output terminal electrode-36; negative output terminal electrode-37.

Detailed Description

The core of the invention is to provide the thermoelectric generator which has compact structure, high strength and high self-adaptability. Another core of the present invention is to provide a working machine including the thermoelectric generator described above.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing of an embodiment of the thermoelectric generator provided by the invention; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermoelectric power generation element of an embodiment of the thermoelectric power generator provided by the present invention; fig. 4 is a layout diagram of a thermoelectric power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an inner sealing plate structure of a thermoelectric generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the thermoelectric generator includes:

an annular heat dissipation housing;

the thermoelectric generation element 7 is positioned on the inner side of the heat dissipation shell, specifically, the thermoelectric generation element 7 is positioned between the heat dissipation shell and a heat source, and the heat source is a tubular heat source, preferably an engine exhaust pipe 1 or other exhaust pipes 1;

the insulating plate is used for insulating and connecting the thermoelectric generation element 7 and the heat dissipation shell and the thermoelectric generation element 7 and a heat source; specifically, the insulating plates include a hot-side insulating plate 24 and a cold-side insulating plate 22, the hot-side insulating plate 24 is located on the inner side of the thermoelectric generation element 7, and the cold-side insulating plate 22 is located between the heat dissipation shell and the thermoelectric generation element 7; namely, the hot side insulating plate 24 is positioned between the thermoelectric generation element 7 and the heat source, and the cold side insulating plate 22 is positioned between the thermoelectric generation element 7 and the heat dissipation shell;

the thermoelectric generation element 7 includes a plurality of N-type semiconductor particles 26, P-type semiconductor particles 25, and elastic metal baffles for connecting the N-type semiconductor particles 26 and the P-type semiconductor particles 25, the metal baffles being bendable in the circumferential direction of the heat dissipation case. Specifically, the metal flow deflectors include a cold-side metal flow deflector 28 and a hot-side metal flow deflector 27, the cold-side metal flow deflector 28 is a long metal flow deflector, the hot-side metal flow deflector 27 is a short metal flow deflector, the cold-side metal flow deflector 28 is connected to the outer sides of the N-type semiconductor particles 26 and the P-type semiconductor particles 25, i.e., to the side close to the heat dissipation case, the hot-side metal flow deflector 27 is connected to the inner sides of the N-type semiconductor particles 26 and the P-type semiconductor particles 25, i.e., to the side away from the heat dissipation case, the cold-side metal flow deflector 28 and the hot-side metal flow deflector 27 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the hot-side insulating plate 24 contacts the hot-side metal flow deflector 27 of the thermoelectric power generation element 7 when being installed, as shown in fig. 3. Preferably, the cold-side metal deflector 28 and the hot-side metal deflector 27 are made of elastic copper sheets, so that the welded thermoelectric generation element 7 has adaptability to bending conditions, and the thermoelectric generation element 7 can be continuously bent and can be automatically applied to exhaust pipes 1 of different sizes within a certain range.

Preferably, the hot side insulation panels 24 are ceramic panels and the cold side insulation panels 22 are resilient insulation panels. Specifically, the thermoelectric generation element 7, the cold-side insulating plate 22 and the hot-side insulating plate 24 form a three-layer structure, wherein the cold-side surface on the upper layer is the cold-side insulating plate 22, the thermoelectric generation element 7 on the middle layer is formed by connecting N-type semiconductor particles 26 and P-type semiconductor particles 25 in series through metal flow deflectors, and as shown in fig. 4, the hot-side surface on the lower layer is the hot-side insulating plate 24.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the two axial ends of the thermoelectric generation element 7 are further provided with the inner cavity side wall insulation boards 3, and the inner cavity side wall insulation boards 3 are located inside the heat dissipation casing. Specifically, an annular step is arranged on the inner side of the end part of the radiating shell, the inner diameter of the step is smaller than that of the main body part of the radiating shell, and the inner cavity side wall heat insulation plate 3 is arranged on the inner side of the step.

Further, the joint of the two ends of the heat dissipation shell and the heat source is provided with a heat insulation ring 2; the heat insulating ring 2 is adjacent to the cavity side wall insulating plate 3 and is located outside the cavity side wall insulating plate 3. Specifically, the heat insulating ring 2 is installed between the step of the heat dissipating housing and the exhaust pipe 1, reducing heat loss.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the heat dissipation housing includes at least two housings divided along the circumferential direction thereof, and the housings are detachably connected to each other; at least one group of thermoelectric generation elements 7 are arranged in each shell. Above-mentioned setting, through carrying out the split to heat dissipation casing and inside thermoelectric generation component 7, the mode through the equipment assembles on the heat source, improves manufacturing, assembly, installation, maintenance convenience.

Specifically, the heat dissipation housing is preferably divided into two parts, namely a first housing 4 and a second housing 5, and the first housing 4 and the second housing 5 have the same structure, are embedded into the whole thermoelectric generator, and are mounted on the vertical section of the engine exhaust pipe 1, and the thermoelectric generator can be of a vertical structure or a horizontal structure.

On the basis of the above embodiments, a plurality of particle module positioning strips 23 are distributed on the inner wall of the insulating plate along the circumferential direction thereof, and the particle module positioning strips 23 are used for separating and positioning each group of thermoelectric generation elements 7. Specifically, the particle module positioning strip 23 is mounted on the cold-side insulating plate 22 to restrict the lateral displacement of the thermoelectric generation element 7. In the above arrangement, the particle module positioning strip 23 is provided on the cold-side insulating plate 22, thereby reducing the absorption of heat.

In addition to the above embodiments, the thermoelectric power generation element further includes an inner sealing plate 14, and the inner sealing plate 14 is located between the thermoelectric power generation element 7 and the heat source. Specifically, the inner sealing plate 14 is made of a stainless steel sheet, the concave arc surface is in contact with a heat source, the convex arc surface is in contact with the hot surface insulating plate 24 of the thermoelectric generation element 7, the heat of exhaust is conducted to the thermoelectric generation element 7, thermoelectric conversion is performed, and meanwhile, the inner sealing plate 14 seals the inner cavities of the first shell 4 and the second shell 5, so that water vapor is prevented from permeating.

In addition to the above embodiments, the thermoelectric power generation device further includes a wiring board 12 and a lead tab for electrically connecting the groups of thermoelectric power generation elements 7, wherein the heat dissipation case is provided with an output lead screw hole 18, and the lead tab is connected to the output lead screw hole 18. Specifically, the wiring board 12 is composed of an upper board 29, a middle board 30, and a lower board 31, which are made of insulating materials; the upper plate 29 and the lower plate 31 play a role in protecting and insulating the connecting wires, the upper and lower surfaces of the middle plate 30 are provided with connecting circuits, the upper surface of the middle plate 30 is provided with a series circuit conducting wire sheet 34, and a positive output connector 32 of each thermoelectric generation element 7 and a negative output connector 33 of the thermoelectric generation element 7 group are connected in series and connected to a positive output wiring electrode 36 of the thermoelectric generation element 7 and a positive output wire 20; the through-connection lead piece 35 provided below the middle plate 30 is a through-lead piece, and connects the negative output tab 33 of the outermost thermoelectric generation element 7 to the negative output terminal electrode 37 of the group of thermoelectric generation elements 7, and the negative output wire 21.

On the basis of the above embodiments, the heat radiation housing includes a central cylinder and a plurality of heat radiation fins 6 located at the outer peripheral portion of the central cylinder, and the heat radiation fins 6 are distributed along the axial direction of the central cylinder and extend along the radial direction of the central cylinder. Preferably, the heat dissipating fins 6 are arranged in parallel or in a spiral shape.

In addition to the above embodiments, the heat dissipating fin 6 is provided with a plurality of heat pipes 8, the heat pipes 8 extend outward from a side close to the central cylinder, and the heat pipes 8 can rapidly transfer heat inside the heat dissipating fin 6 to the outside.

Preferably, the heat pipes 8 on adjacent heat dissipating fins 6 are arranged in a staggered manner, and specifically, three heat pipes 8 may be arranged on each heat dissipating fin 6 and rotated by 60 ° relatively.

In addition to the above embodiments, the heat dissipating fins 6 are provided with heat pipe holes 10 for attaching the heat pipes 8, and the outer diameter of the heat pipe holes 10 is larger than the thickness of the heat dissipating fins 6.

Specifically, the heat dissipation shell is provided with circular heat dissipation fins 6 parallel to the direction of the air flow, and the cold end face of the thermoelectric power generation element 7 is cooled by the low-temperature air flow, as shown in fig. 3 and 4; in order to enhance the heat dissipation effect, the surfaces of the heat dissipation fins 6 are roughened, meanwhile, 3 heat pipe holes 10 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each heat dissipation fin 6, and the heat pipe holes 10 on the heat dissipation fins 6 which are sequentially arranged rotate by 60 degrees relatively; the diameter of the outer wall of the heat pipe hole 10 is larger than the thickness of the heat dissipation fin 6, and strip-shaped bulges are formed on the surface of the heat dissipation fin 6 to generate disturbance action on airflow glancing over the surface of the fin; the heat pipe 8 is vertically and radially inserted into the radiating fin 6 through the heat pipe hole 10, the top end of the heat pipe hole 10 is provided with a spiral heat pipe hole plug 9 to compress the heat pipe 8, and the contact gap and pressure between the heat pipe 8 and the insulating plate are adjusted; the lower part of the heat pipe 8 is a heat absorption section which contacts the cold surface insulation board 22, the upper part of the heat pipe 8 is a heat release section which contacts the upper part of the heat dissipation fin 6, and the heat is efficiently transmitted to the upper part of the heat dissipation fin 6 from the cold surface insulation board 22; the heat conduction performance of the radiating fins 6 is enhanced, and the radiating effect of the fins is enhanced.

In a specific embodiment, the first shell 4 and the second shell 5 are fixed into a whole by the shell fastening bolt 11, the shell fastening bolt 11 is installed in the shell fastening bolt hole 15, the gap adjusting gasket 13 plays a role in adjusting the gap between the heat dissipation shell and the exhaust pipe 1 and sealing the inner cavity, and the positioning pin 16 accurately positions the first shell 4 and the second shell 5 of the thermoelectric generator; five thermoelectric generation elements 7 are respectively arranged in the first shell 4 and the second shell 5, and the heat transfer process, namely the transfer process of the heat circuit is as follows: the exhaust pipe 1 → the inner seal plate 14 → the hot end face of the thermoelectric generation element 7, i.e., the hot face insulation plate 24 → the P-type semiconductor particles 25 and the N-type semiconductor particles 26 → the cold end face of the thermoelectric generation element 7, i.e., the cold face insulation plate 22 → the heat dissipation case + the bottom of the heat pipe 8 → the heat dissipation fin 6 → the atmospheric air flow; the two ends of the heat dissipation shell are provided with heat insulation rings 2 which are made of heat insulation materials, and a heat insulation layer, namely a heat insulation plate 3 on the side wall of the inner cavity, is arranged between the inner cavity of the heat dissipation shell and the side edge of the temperature difference power generation element 7 and is also made of heat insulation materials, so that the heat of the exhaust pipe 1 is prevented from being directly transmitted into the heat dissipation shell, and the temperature of the heat dissipation fins 6 is prevented from rising; the inner sealing plate 14 is made of a stainless steel thin plate, as shown in fig. 5, and encloses the thermoelectric generation element 7 in the inner cavities of the first and second casings 4 and 5 of the thermoelectric generator; the first shell 4 and the second shell 5 are respectively provided with five thermoelectric generation elements 7 which are respectively connected in series by wiring boards 12, and the output joints of the two wiring boards 12 are led to electric equipment by a positive output wire 20 and a negative output wire 21; that is, the output wires of the terminal boards 12 of the first and second cases 4 and 5 are led out through the waterproof wire joints 19, and the connection mode of the output wires is determined by the electric equipment, thereby forming a thermoelectric conversion circuit of the thermoelectric generator.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the first and second cases 4 and 5 are symmetrically configured to be mounted on opposite sides of the circumference of the exhaust pipe 1 and fixed together with case fastening bolts 11. The second casing 5 is provided with 13 semicircular radiating fins 6, the surfaces of the radiating fins 6 are contacted with airflow flowing at high speed for heat transfer, and the heat pipe holes 10 are vertically arranged in the radiating fins 6. Five thermoelectric generation elements 7 are arranged in an arc inner cavity of the heat dissipation shell side by side, the thermoelectric generation elements 7 are arranged along the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 1, the combination of the thermoelectric generation elements 7 is formed, the thermoelectric generation elements are made of a whole material with a cold surface insulation plate 22 and are embedded at the top of the inner cavity of the heat dissipation shell, the outer arc surface of the cold surface insulation plate 22 is contacted with a heat pipe 8, as shown in figure 1, the inner arc surface of the cold surface insulation plate 22 is contacted with a cold surface metal flow deflector 28 of the thermoelectric generation elements 7, four particle module positioning strips 23 are arranged, and the five thermoelectric generation elements 7 are arranged between the five thermoelectric generation elements and are isolated from each other. The two sides of the inner cavity of the heat dissipation shell are provided with the inner cavity side wall heat insulation plates 3, which is beneficial to fixing the temperature difference power generation element 7. Two positioning pin holes 17 are arranged at opposite corners of the heat dissipation shell, and one positioning pin 16 is inserted into the positioning pin holes 17, so that the first shell 4 and the second shell 5 can be accurately positioned when combined. The first housing 4 and the second housing 5 are provided with output lead screw threads at the same position, and when the first housing 4 and the second housing 5 are combined, an output lead screw hole 18 may be formed to provide a position for installing a waterproof lead tab 19.

The thermoelectric generation element 7 is different from the conventional planar thin-plate type thermoelectric generation element 7 in structure that: the thermoelectric power generation element 7 is of a semicircular arc structure, and the radius of curvature of the top arc, i.e., the cold-side insulating plate 22, is larger than that of the bottom arc, i.e., the hot-side insulating plate 24. Thus, the cold-side metal baffles 28 are longer in size than the hot-side metal baffles 27. Similarly, the arc length of the cold insulation board is longer than that of the hot insulation board 24, and the cold insulation board 22 is longer, so that the heat transfer of the cold source surface can be increased, the low-temperature state of the cold surface is kept, and the difference between the two temperatures is large, so that the power generation power is improved; specifically, the lengths of the metal guide vanes and the insulating plate can be determined by calculation according to an arc length formula. The hot side insulation panels 24 are made of ceramic and the cold side insulation panels 22 may be made of a resilient insulating material due to the lower temperature.

The thermoelectric generator provided by the embodiment is based on the basic principles of multiple subjects such as thermoelectricity and heat transfer, combines the driving conditions and the actual structure of the fuel motorcycle, belongs to air-cooled type three-prevention, namely, the thermoelectric generator with the performances of impact resistance, water resistance and electric leakage resistance can be directly installed on the exhaust pipe 1 of the motorcycle, and performs thermoelectric conversion on the exhaust waste heat of an engine during normal driving. The thermoelectric generator has a compact structure and is free from daily maintenance; the output direct current can be directly used for ignition of an engine, light and horn power utilization, and a storage battery is charged.

The thermoelectric generator has the following advantages:

1. aiming at the characteristic of high-speed running of the vehicle, the thermoelectric generator is cooled by air cooling, so that the complexity of water cooling is simplified, and the power/mass ratio is improved; 2. the thermoelectric generator adopts a half-shell component structure, a thermoelectric generating element 7 is arranged in the shell, a reinforced air-cooled radiating fin 6 is arranged on the outer side of the shell, two half-shell components are combined into a whole by shell fastening screws, and the thermoelectric generator can be directly installed and fixed on the outer diameter of the exhaust pipe 1 during use, so that the strength of the thermoelectric generator is ensured, the thermoelectric generator is prevented from being damaged by external impact, and the flow characteristic of hot airflow in the exhaust pipe 1 is not changed; 3. the cooling of the enhanced heat dissipation fins 6 is a key technology for establishing the working temperature difference of the thermoelectric generation element 7, and comprises the following two measures: firstly, roughening treatment is carried out on the surface of the fin, so that the contact surface area of the fin and the airflow is increased, the disturbance to the airflow is increased, and the heat exchange effect is enhanced; secondly, a certain number of heat pipes 8 are longitudinally inserted into the fins, and heat is directly transferred from the roots of the heat dissipation fins 6 to the upper end parts of the heat dissipation fins 6 by utilizing the high heat conduction capability of the heat pipes 8, so that the heat conduction capability of the heat dissipation fins 6 is improved, meanwhile, the heat pipe holes 10 inserted into the heat pipes 8 enable the surfaces of the heat dissipation fins 6 to be raised, the disturbance effect on air flow is further increased, and the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation fins 6 is greatly improved; 4. the inner cavity of the thermoelectric generator adopts a multi-point insulation sealing measure, and has waterproof and anti-creeping performances; 5. the thermoelectric generator adopts a multi-point heat source isolation and closed heat path, heat provided by a heat source is only transferred to the hot end of the thermoelectric generation element 7, and a working temperature difference is established between the heat provided by the heat source and the cold end of the thermoelectric generation element 7, and the outer shell of the thermoelectric generator is not in direct contact with the exhaust pipe 1, so that the dissipation of heat in the exhaust pipe 1 is reduced, and the cooling effect of air is enhanced; 6. the arc-shaped elastic self-adaptive thermoelectric power generation element 7 is adopted to be more closely matched with a heat source and a cold source of the thermoelectric generator, so that the contact thermal resistance is reduced, and the power characteristic is improved.

The thermoelectric generator has the advantages of more compact integral structure, energy conservation, environmental protection, more convenient and reliable installation and use, high strength, water resistance, impact resistance and electric leakage resistance; the cooling of the fins is reliable when the vehicle runs, the elastic temperature difference power generation element 7 is simple and convenient to install, the self-adaptability is high, and the output power is improved.

In addition to the above thermoelectric generator, the present invention provides a working machine including the above thermoelectric generator, the working machine having an engine having an exhaust pipe 1, and the thermoelectric generator as described above being provided on an outer periphery of at least one section of the exhaust pipe 1 in cooperation therewith. The working machine is not limited to an automobile, but can be widely applied to motorcycles, generator sets, and the like. For other structures of the working machine, please refer to the prior art, and detailed description is omitted herein.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The thermoelectric generator provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.