阅读说明：本技术 一种用于河流净化的生态浮床及方法 (Ecological floating bed and method for river purification ) 是由 李轶 周心怡 张弛 苏紫颖 熊心妍 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于河流净化的生态浮床及方法。配套设施包括浮床主体和配套设施。每个昼夜循环为一个运转周期。白天光照时,浮床中的水生植物光合作用释放氧气并降解部分污染物,生物填料吸附河流中污染物。氮化碳复合氧化钨光催化剂产生活性自由基,氧化去除邻苯二甲酸酯污染物。同时,光催化剂将部分光生电子储存供后续使用。晚上无光照时,生物填料持续吸附河流中污染物,氮化碳复合氧化钨光催化剂释放电子促进生物填料的微生物脱氮效率。本发明装置绿色环保,可稳定昼夜持续运行,提高了太阳能利用效率,实现了微生物与水生植物协同脱氮,增强去除河水中邻苯二甲酸酯及硝酸盐,提高河水净化效率,无二次污染且处理效果稳定。(The invention discloses an ecological floating bed and method for river purification. The supporting facilities comprise a floating bed main body and supporting facilities. Each day and night cycle is one operating cycle. When the floating bed is illuminated in the daytime, the photosynthesis of the aquatic plants in the floating bed releases oxygen and degrades part of pollutants, and the biological filler adsorbs the pollutants in the river. The carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst generates active free radicals, and phthalate pollutants are removed through oxidation. Meanwhile, the photocatalyst stores part of photo-generated electrons for subsequent use. When no light is emitted at night, the biological filler continuously adsorbs pollutants in rivers, and the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst releases electrons to promote the microbial denitrification efficiency of the biological filler. The device disclosed by the invention is green and environment-friendly, can stably run continuously day and night, improves the solar energy utilization efficiency, realizes the synergistic denitrification of microorganisms and aquatic plants, enhances the removal of phthalate and nitrate in river water, improves the river water purification efficiency, and has no secondary pollution and stable treatment effect.)

1. An ecological floating bed for river purification is characterized by comprising a floating plate and a transparent open acrylic reaction tank hung below the floating plate through a connecting chain, wherein the surface of the reaction tank is provided with small holes for water flow to enter;

the floating plate is provided with aquatic plants such as acorus calamus, typha minima, celandia argentea and the like;

the reaction tank is filled with a repairing material wrapping the root system of the aquatic plant; the repair material comprises a biological filler containing a mixture of denitrifying bacteria, zeolite soil and quartz sand and a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst with a solar energy storage function;

the aquatic plants are used for photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants;

the biological filler is used for adsorbing pollutants in rivers;

the photocatalyst is used for generating active free radicals through a photocatalytic reaction under the condition of illumination, removing phthalate pollutants in river water through an oxidation reaction, simultaneously storing solar energy, and promoting the microbial denitrification efficiency in biological fillers in a reaction tank under the condition of no illumination.

2. The ecological floating bed according to claim 1, wherein the reaction tank is an acrylic reaction tank, and the reaction tank is vertically suspended below the floating plate.

3. The ecological floating bed according to claim 1, wherein the photocatalyst is a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst.

4. The ecological floating bed according to claim 1, further comprising fixing bars for fixing the floating plates; the floating plate is provided with a connecting cable and a movable connecting ring arranged at the tail end of the connecting lock;

the floating plate is connected with the fixed rod in a sliding mode through the movable connecting ring and the connecting cable.

5. A method for purifying a river, comprising the steps of:

arranging aquatic plants on the water surface, and arranging a repairing material wrapping the roots of the aquatic plants below the aquatic plants; the repair material comprises a biological filler containing denitrifying bacteria and a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst with a solar energy storage function;

the aquatic plants are used for photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants;

the biological filler is used for adsorbing pollutants in rivers;

the photocatalyst is used for generating active free radicals through a photocatalytic reaction under the condition of illumination, removing phthalate pollutants in river water through an oxidation reaction, simultaneously storing solar energy, and promoting the microbial denitrification efficiency of the biological filler under the condition of no illumination.

6. The method for purifying a river according to claim 5, wherein the photocatalyst is a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst.

7. The method for purifying a river according to claim 5, further comprising providing a fixing rod for fixing the repair material; the repair material is in sliding connection with the fixed rod through a connecting cable and a movable connecting ring arranged at the tail end of the connecting lock.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of river restoration, and particularly relates to an ecological floating bed and method for river purification.

Background

With the continuous progress of society and the rapid development of industry, the problem of water environment pollution is increasingly highlighted, and the potential threat of direct or indirect is caused to human health and social life. The traditional water pollution treatment method has the defects of high treatment cost, easy secondary pollution, long treatment period, sensitivity to water environment conditions and the like. Therefore, effective treatment of various pollutants in water environments has become an urgent need to be increasingly appreciated.

The photocatalysis technology takes a semiconductor material as a catalytic material, and can effectively utilize solar energy resources to catalyze and remove various pollutants in water. The coupling system combining biological denitrification and photocatalysis is a novel application technology, and the existing photocatalytic reactor for river water quality restoration has the problem that the existing photocatalytic material is only limited to the utilization of solar energy under continuous irradiation. When the illumination ceases, the photocatalytic process will stop for a short time due to the cessation of electron-hole generation in the semiconductor. A new-type photocatalytic material-carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide has unique memory catalytic effect, can store partial electrons under the condition of light and release the stored electrons in dark environment, i.e. can continuously exhibit a certain catalytic performance under the dark condition. The novel photocatalytic material carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide is applied to a photocatalytic reaction system for river water quality restoration, and is expected to solve the problems of the common photocatalytic reaction system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides an ecological floating bed and a method for river purification, which can treat sewage in a green, efficient and sustainable manner and are beneficial to repairing of composite polluted rivers.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the invention provides an ecological floating bed, which comprises a floating plate and a transparent open acrylic reaction tank, wherein the transparent open acrylic reaction tank is suspended on the surface below the floating plate through a connecting chain and is provided with small holes for water to enter; the floating plate is provided with aquatic plants such as acorus calamus, typha minima, celandia argentea and the like;

the reaction tank is filled with a repairing material wrapping the root system of the aquatic plant; the repair material comprises a biological filler containing a mixture of denitrifying bacteria, zeolite soil and quartz sand and a photocatalyst with a solar energy storage function;

the aquatic plants are used for photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants;

the biological filler is used for adsorbing pollutants in rivers;

the photocatalyst is used for generating active free radicals through a photocatalytic reaction under the condition of illumination, removing phthalate pollutants in river water through an oxidation reaction, simultaneously storing solar energy, and promoting the microbial denitrification efficiency of biological fillers in a reaction tank under the condition of no illumination.

Furthermore, the reaction tank is an acrylic reaction tank, and the reaction tank is vertically suspended below the floating plate.

Further, the photocatalyst is a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst.

Further, the floating bed also comprises a fixing rod for fixing the floating plate; the floating plate is provided with a connecting cable and a movable connecting ring arranged at the tail end of the connecting lock; the floating plate is connected with the fixed rod in a sliding mode through the movable connecting ring and the connecting cable.

The floating plate moves up and down along the direction of the fixed rod along with the change of the water level through the movable connecting ring, and meanwhile, the floating plate can be limited in a fixed area without influencing the normal function.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for purifying a river, comprising the steps of:

arranging aquatic plants on the water surface, and arranging a repairing material wrapping the root systems of the aquatic plants below the aquatic plants; the repair material comprises a biological filler containing denitrifying bacteria and a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst with a solar energy storage function;

the aquatic plants are used for photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants;

the biological filler is used for adsorbing pollutants in rivers;

the photocatalyst is used for generating active free radicals through photocatalytic reaction under the condition of illumination, effectively removing phthalate pollutants in river water through oxidation reaction, simultaneously storing solar energy, and promoting the microbial denitrification efficiency of biological fillers in a reaction tank under the condition of no illumination.

The photocatalyst is a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst.

Further, the method also comprises the steps of arranging a fixing rod for fixing the repair material; the repair material is in sliding connection with the fixed rod through a connecting cable and a movable connecting ring arranged at the tail end of the connecting lock.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts the aquatic plants, the biological filler and the photocatalyst, is green and environment-friendly, and has green materials, and microorganisms and the aquatic plants are environment-friendly;

2. according to the invention, the aquatic plants, the biological filler and the photocatalyst are combined and stably run all day long, so that the synergic denitrification of the microorganisms and the aquatic plants is realized, and the denitrification and purification efficiency of the system is obviously improved;

3. the invention utilizes sunlight, stores sunlight and plants to fix materials, thereby solving the problem of recycling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ecological floating bed according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the effect of the ecological floating bed on removing phthalic acid ester and nitrate from river water.

In the figure:

1. a floating plate; 2. an aquatic plant; 3. a reaction tank; 4. repairing materials; 5. a connecting chain; 6. fixing the rod; 7. a movable connecting ring; 8. a connecting cable; 9. bottom sediment of river; 10. river life; 11. the surface of the water.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that, as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the indicated orientation or positional relationship thereof is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present embodiment.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment provides an ecological floating bed, which comprises a floating plate 1 and a transparent open acrylic reaction tank 3, wherein the surface of the floating plate 1 suspended below the floating plate through a connecting chain 5 is provided with small holes for water to enter; the floating plate 1 is provided with aquatic plants 2 such as calamus flavus, typha minima, loosestrife and the like;

the reaction tank 3 is filled with a repairing material 4 for wrapping the root system of the aquatic plant 2; the repair material 4 comprises a biological filler containing a mixture of denitrifying bacteria, zeolite soil and quartz sand and a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst with a solar energy storage function;

the aquatic plant 2 is used for photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants;

the biological filler is used for adsorbing pollutants in rivers;

the photocatalyst is used for generating active free radicals through a photocatalytic reaction under the condition of illumination, removing phthalate pollutants in river water through an oxidation reaction, simultaneously storing solar energy, and promoting the microbial denitrification efficiency of the biological filler in the reaction tank 3 under the condition of no illumination.

The floating bed also comprises a fixing rod 6 for fixing the floating plate 1; the floating plate 1 is provided with a connecting cable and a movable connecting ring arranged at the tail end of the connecting lock; the floating plate 1 is connected with the fixed rod 6 in a sliding way through the movable connecting ring 7 and the connecting cable 8. The floating plate 1 moves up and down along the direction of the fixed rod 6 along with the change of the water level through the movable connecting ring 7, and meanwhile, the floating plate 1 can be limited in a fixed area without influencing the normal function.

Each floating bed unit is provided with a floating plate 1 with aquatic plants 2, and an acrylic main reaction tank 3 which is internally wrapped with a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst containing denitrifying bacteria biological filler and having a solar energy storage function is hung below the floating plate 1 through a connecting chain 5. This reaction tank 3 can wrap up denitrifying bacteria biofilm carrier and photocatalytic memory material at 2 roots of aquatic plant, improves the synergistic denitrification effect between microorganism and the aquatic plant 2, effectively prevents the loss of biofilm carrier and photocatalytic memory material that rivers erode and lead to strengthen the effect that phthalic acid ester and nitrate got rid of in the river.

Under the water surface 11, the floating bed unit is friendly to river organisms 10, development and survival of the river organisms 10 are facilitated, sediment 9 at the bottom of the river is deposited at the bottom of the water, and the floating bed unit also has a certain purification effect.

The implementation principle is as follows: under daytime lighting conditions, the following reactions occur in the ecological floating bed: firstly, physical reaction is carried out, the biological filler containing denitrifying bacteria organisms wrapped in the acrylic reaction tank 3 plays a certain adsorption role on pollutants in the river, and therefore the concentration of the pollutants in the river is reduced; secondly, chemical reaction, namely the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst wrapped in the acrylic reaction tank 3 generates active free radicals through photocatalytic reaction under the action of sunlight, and phthalic ester pollutants in river water are effectively removed through oxidation reaction. Meanwhile, the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst can store part of photo-generated electrons in the photocatalyst for subsequent use; thirdly, under the action of biology, the aquatic plants 2 planted on the floating plate 1 on the upper layer of the floating bed can be subjected to photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants.

When the continuous illumination disappears at night, the following reactions occur in the ecological floating bed: firstly, physical reaction, the biological filler wrapped by the acrylic reaction tank 3 continuously plays an adsorption role on pollutants in the river, and the concentration of the pollutants in the river is reduced; the solar energy stored in the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst is released through chemical reaction and biological reaction, and the released electrons promote the microbial denitrification efficiency of the biological filler in the reaction tank 3. Every working day, namely, one day and night cycle is a working period, so that the environment-friendly, efficient and sustainable sewage treatment device can stably and continuously operate day and night, and is dedicated to repairing the composite polluted river.

The embodiment of removing phthalic acid ester and nitrate in river water by the high-efficiency day and night continuously-operated ecological floating bed comprises the following steps: sampling is respectively carried out at the left end and the right end of the reactor, 3 repeated water samples are respectively taken at the two ends, the water samples are taken once every day, and the sampling is finished after the reactor continuously runs for 7 days. The results of the examples (fig. 2) show that the ecological floating bed which runs continuously day and night and has high efficiency respectively has the removal efficiency of the phthalate and the nitrate in the river water of more than 85 percent and 95 percent. In addition, in continuous repeated experiments, the removal efficiency is not greatly fluctuated, and the effect is stable.

Example two:

the present embodiment provides a method for purifying a river, comprising the steps of:

arranging an aquatic plant 2 on a water surface 11, and arranging a repairing material 4 wrapping the root system of the aquatic plant 2 below the aquatic plant 2; the repair material 4 comprises a biological filler containing denitrifying bacteria and a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst with a solar energy storage function;

the aquatic plant 2 is used for photosynthesis to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants;

the biological filler is used for adsorbing pollutants in rivers;

the photocatalyst is used for generating active free radicals through a photocatalytic reaction under the condition of illumination, effectively removing phthalate pollutants in river water through an oxidation reaction, simultaneously storing solar energy, and promoting the microbial denitrification efficiency of the biological filler in the reaction tank 3 under the condition of no illumination.

The photocatalyst is a carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst.

The method further comprises providing a fixation rod 6 for fixing the repair material 4; the repair material 4 is slidably connected with the fixing rod 6 through a connecting rope 8 and a movable connecting ring 7 arranged at the tail end of the connecting lock.

Under daylight lighting conditions, the following reactions occur: firstly, physical reaction, the biological filler containing denitrifying bacteria organisms can play a certain adsorption role on pollutants in the river, so that the concentration of the pollutants in the river is reduced; secondly, chemical reaction, namely the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst generates active free radicals through photocatalytic reaction under the action of sunlight, and phthalate pollutants in river water are effectively removed through oxidation reaction. Meanwhile, the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst can store part of photo-generated electrons in the photocatalyst for subsequent use; and thirdly, biological action, the aquatic plant 2, photosynthesis is carried out to release oxygen to optimize the environment and degrade part of nitrate pollutants.

When the continuous light disappears at night, the following reactions occur: firstly, physical reaction, the biological filler continuously plays an adsorption role on pollutants in the river, and the concentration of the pollutants in the river is reduced; the solar energy stored in the carbon nitride composite tungsten oxide photocatalyst is released through chemical reaction and biological reaction, and the released electrons promote the microbial denitrification efficiency of the biological filler in the reaction tank 3. Every working day, namely, one day and night cycle is a working period, so that the environment-friendly, efficient and sustainable sewage treatment device can stably and continuously operate day and night, and is dedicated to repairing the composite polluted river.

The embodiment of removing phthalic acid ester and nitrate in river water by the high-efficiency day and night continuously-operated ecological floating bed comprises the following steps: sampling is respectively carried out at the left end and the right end of the reactor, 3 repeated water samples are respectively taken at the two ends, the water samples are taken once every day, and the sampling is finished after the reactor continuously runs for 7 days. The results of the examples (fig. 2) show that the ecological floating bed which runs continuously day and night and has high efficiency respectively has the removal efficiency of the phthalate and the nitrate in the river water of more than 85 percent and 95 percent. In addition, in continuous repeated experiments, the removal efficiency is not greatly fluctuated, and the effect is stable.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the invention, "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

In the description herein, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.