阅读说明：本技术 消减农田面源污染的处理系统 (Processing system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution ) 是由 王东升 张宝 徐圣明 靳莉雅 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开涉及环境工程综合生态修复技术领域,尤其涉及一种消减农田面源污染的处理系统,包括排水沟渠,排水沟渠包括间隔设置的凹形沟渠段和凸形沟渠段,凸形沟渠段包括土壤层、第一细砂层和滤料层,部分滤料层位于第一细砂层中,滤料层包括混凝土和碎石；凹形沟渠段包括土壤层、第二细砂层和碎石层。本公开提供的系统中,通过设置凹形沟渠段、凸形沟渠段、滤料层和碎石层,减小了水流速度,增加了水流的沉淀时间,提高了沉淀效果,从而有效提高了滤料层和碎石层对总悬浮固体的拦截作用,以及对总氮、总磷等污染物质的吸附作用,极大地增强了本系统削减水流中的污染物的能力,进而有利于进行生态原位修复,减少进入水体的污染负荷。(The utility model relates to the technical field of comprehensive ecological restoration of environmental engineering, in particular to a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution, which comprises a drainage canal, wherein the drainage canal comprises concave canal sections and convex canal sections which are arranged at intervals, the convex canal sections comprise a soil layer, a first fine sand layer and a filter material layer, part of the filter material layer is positioned in the first fine sand layer, and the filter material layer comprises concrete and gravels; the concave ditch section comprises a soil layer, a second fine sand layer and a gravel layer. In the system that this disclosure provided, through setting up spill ditch canal section, convex ditch canal section, precoat and metalling, reduced the velocity of water, increased the settling time of rivers, improved the precipitation effect to effectively improved the interception effect of precoat and metalling to total suspended solid, and to total nitrogen, the adsorption of pollutants such as total phosphorus, greatly strengthened the ability of the pollutant in this system reduction rivers, and then be favorable to carrying out ecological normal position restoration, reduce the pollution load that gets into the water.)

1. A treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution is characterized by comprising a drainage channel arranged in a farmland, wherein the drainage channel comprises concave channel sections (1) and convex channel sections (2) which are arranged at intervals,

the convex ditch section (2) comprises a soil layer, a first fine sand layer and a filter material layer (3), the filter material layer (3) is positioned at the top of the convex ditch section (2), part of the filter material layer (3) is positioned in the first fine sand layer, and the filter material layer (3) comprises concrete and gravels;

the concave ditch section (1) comprises a soil layer, a second fine sand layer and a gravel layer (4).

2. A treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the filter material layer (3) is laid in a thickness range of 15 to 25% of the depth of the drainage canal.

3. The treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the filter material layer (3) comprises spherical filter materials, and the diameter range of the spherical filter materials is 5 cm-10 cm.

4. The system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution of claim 3, wherein the spherical filter material is provided with pores.

5. A treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the gravel layer (4) comprises one or more of stones, volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite and slag.

6. The treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the gravel layer (4) is laid in a thickness range of 50-75% of the depth of the concave channel section (1).

7. The treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution of claim 1, wherein the second fine sand layer has a permeability coefficient in a range of greater than 0.15 m/d.

8. The treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the second fine sand layer is laid in a thickness range of 10 to 20% of the depth of the concave trench section (1).

9. The treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the lateral surface of the convex trench section (2) is provided with a vegetation layer (5).

10. The treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to claim 9, wherein the height of the vegetation layer (5) ranges from 0.5m to 1 m.

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of comprehensive ecological restoration of environmental engineering, in particular to a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution.

Background

Agricultural non-point source pollution becomes an important pollution source of nitrogen and phosphorus in water, and the contribution rates of the nitrogen and the phosphorus to the pollution source account for 57 percent and 67 percent respectively. At present, agricultural non-point source pollution is mainly treated in riverways, lakes, reservoirs and the like which contain polluted water bodies. However, the end treatment of the pollution of the uniplanar source cannot improve the environment of the pollution source head area. The migration and diffusion of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants to the storage water body are reduced from the source of non-point source pollution, and the method has great significance for the treatment of the non-point source pollution.

The technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is how to reduce the migration and diffusion of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants to a receiving water body from the source of non-point source pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the technical problem or at least partially solve the technical problem, the present disclosure provides a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution.

The utility model provides a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution, which comprises a drainage channel arranged in the farmland, wherein the drainage channel comprises a concave channel section and a convex channel section which are arranged at intervals,

the convex ditch section comprises a soil layer, a first fine sand layer and a filter material layer, the filter material layer is positioned at the top of the convex ditch section, part of the filter material layer is positioned in the first fine sand layer, and the filter material layer comprises concrete and broken stones;

the concave ditch section comprises a soil layer, a second fine sand layer and a gravel layer.

In the processing system of subduction farmland non-point source pollution that this disclosure provided, the escape canal sets up to concave ditch canal section and convex ditch canal section including the interval sets up to the bottom surface that makes the escape canal forms the concave-convex face. The convex ditch section includes soil horizon, first fine sand layer and precoat, and partial precoat setting has realized limiting displacement to the precoat through first fine sand layer in first fine sand layer, guarantees the stability of precoat, and first fine sand layer covers soil horizon, can effectively prevent soil erosion and water loss. The concave ditch section comprises a soil layer, a second fine sand layer and a gravel layer, and the soil layer is covered by the second fine sand layer to prevent water and soil loss of the concave ditch section.

When rivers flow through the escape canal, utilize the difference in height that forms between adjacent spill ditch canal section and the convex ditch canal section, can effectively reduce the velocity of water to form the escape canal that has the function of holding that stagnates, delay rivers and get into the time of water, alleviate the flood control pressure in river course and/or lake effectively. Through setting up precoat and metalling, can hold back the total suspended solid that carries in the rivers, total nitrogen, pollutants such as total phosphorus, and, because rivers are at process concave ditch canal section and convex ditch canal section in-process, the velocity of water reduces, the settling time of rivers has been increased, the precipitation effect has been improved, thereby effectively improved the interception effect of precoat and metalling to total suspended solid, and to total nitrogen, the adsorption of pollutants such as total phosphorus, greatly strengthened the ability of pollutant in this system reduction rivers, and then be favorable to carrying out ecological normal position restoration, reduce the pollution load who gets into the water.

Optionally, the paving thickness of the filter material layer ranges from 15% to 25% of the depth of the drainage channel.

Optionally, the filter material layer comprises a spherical filter material, and the diameter range of the spherical filter material is 5 cm-10 cm.

Optionally, pores are formed on the spherical filter material.

Optionally, the crushed stone layer comprises one or more of stones, volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite and slag.

Optionally, the paving thickness of the gravel layer ranges from 50% to 75% of the depth of the concave trench section.

Optionally, the permeability coefficient of the second fine sand layer ranges from greater than 0.15 m/d.

Optionally, the second fine sand layer is laid in a thickness range of 10% to 20% of the depth of the concave trench section.

Optionally, the lateral surface of the convex trench section is provided with a vegetation layer.

Optionally, the height of the vegetation layer ranges from 0.5m to 1 m.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2 is a side view of a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Wherein, 1-a concave trench section; 2-convex trench section; 3-a filter material layer; 4-a crushed stone layer; 5-vegetation layer.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure may be more clearly understood, aspects of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may be practiced in other ways than those described herein; it is to be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the specification are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 2 is a side view of the treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present disclosure provides a treatment system for reducing farmland non-point source pollution, comprising a drainage channel arranged in a farmland, the drainage channel comprising concave channel sections 1 and convex channel sections 2 arranged at intervals, wherein,

the convex ditch section 2 comprises a soil layer, a first fine sand layer and a filter material layer 3, wherein the filter material layer 3 is positioned at the top of the convex ditch section 2, part of the filter material layer 3 is positioned in the first fine sand layer, and the filter material layer 3 comprises concrete and broken stones;

the concave trench section 1 comprises a soil layer, a second fine sand layer and a gravel layer 4.

In the processing system of subduction farmland non-point source pollution that this disclosure provided, the escape canal sets up to concave ditch channel section 1 and convex ditch channel section 2 including the interval setting to make the bottom surface of escape canal form the concave-convex surface. Convex ditch canal section 2 includes soil horizon, first fine sand layer and precoat 3, and partial precoat 3 sets up in first fine sand horizon, has realized limiting displacement to precoat 3 through first fine sand horizon, guarantees precoat 3's stability, and first fine sand horizon cover soil horizon, can effectively prevent soil erosion and water loss. The concave ditch section 1 comprises a soil layer, a second fine sand layer and a gravel layer 4, and the soil layer is covered by the second fine sand layer to prevent the concave ditch section 1 from water and soil loss.

When rivers flow through the escape canal, utilize the difference in height that forms between adjacent spill ditch canal section 1 and the convex ditch canal section 2, can effectively reduce the velocity of water to form the escape canal that has the function of holding, delay rivers and get into the time of water, alleviate the flood control pressure in river course and/or lake effectively. Through setting up precoat 3 and metalling 4, can hold back the total suspended solid that carries in the rivers, total nitrogen, pollutants such as total phosphorus, and, because rivers are at 2 in-process through concave ditch canal section 1 and convex ditch canal section, the velocity of water flow reduces, the settling time of rivers has been increased, the effect of precipitating has been improved, thereby effectively improved the interception effect of precoat 3 and metalling 4 to total suspended solid, and to total nitrogen, the adsorption of pollutants such as total phosphorus, greatly strengthened the ability of this system pollutant in the reduction rivers, and then be favorable to carrying out ecological normal position restoration, reduce the pollution load that gets into the water.

In some embodiments, the filter bed 3 is laid to a thickness in the range of 15% to 25% of the depth of the drainage channel.

Above-mentioned convex ditch canal section 2 sets up the precoat 3, and the thickness of precoat 3 is convenient for set for according to actual conditions, can effectively avoid when convex ditch canal section 2 sets up metalling 4, and the thickness of metalling 4 is thick, leads to the drainage effect of escape canal relatively poor. That is to say, the thickness of the filter material layer 3 is set to be 15% -25% of the depth of the drainage channel, so that the drainage effect of the drainage channel is ensured while good interception and adsorption effects on water flow are ensured.

Specifically, the filter material layer 3 comprises a spherical filter material, and the diameter range of the spherical filter material is 5 cm-10 cm.

Set up the filter material in above-mentioned filter material layer 3 into spherical structure, be favorable to the steady emission of rivers, set up the diameter with spherical filter material into 5cm ~ 10cm, can effectively guarantee that spherical filter material is difficult for taking place the displacement along with rivers to can guarantee the filter effect of filter material layer 3 to rivers.

Specifically, pores are formed on the spherical filter material.

The spherical filter material comprises concrete and broken stones, and pores are formed on the surface of the spherical filter material after the spherical filter material is molded, so that microorganisms can live conveniently, a microorganism system is formed, the microorganisms can reduce, absorb and convert pollutants, and the purposes of removing runoff pollutants and improving water quality are achieved.

In some embodiments, the crushed stone layer 4 comprises one or more of stones, volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite, and slag.

The crushed stone layer 4 can filter water flow, so that the total suspended solids are intercepted, and pollutants such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like are adsorbed. The adsorption of the crushed stone layer 4 depends mainly on the pores in the stones, volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite and slag. After the rubble layer 4 used a period of time, can take out rubble layer 4, buy into in the farmland, provide the nutrient for the farmland, then dig out rubble layer 4 from the farmland again, put into and continue to adsorb the pollutant in the rivers in concave ditch canal section 1 to the waste of the required nutrient substance of soil has been avoided.

In some embodiments, the gravel layer 4 is laid to a thickness in a range of 50% to 75% of the depth of the concave trench section 1.

Lay thickness setting at the 50% of the degree of depth that is more than or equal to concave ditch channel section 1 with rubble layer 4 to guarantee the filtering action of rubble layer 4 to rivers, lay thickness simultaneously and be less than or equal to 75% of the degree of depth of concave ditch channel section 1, in order to guarantee the retaining capacity of concave ditch channel section 1, and guarantee that the microorganism is located below the water level, guarantee the survival of microorganism.

In some embodiments, the permeability coefficients of the first fine sand layer and the second fine sand layer each range from greater than or equal to 0.15 m/d.

The permeability coefficient of the first fine sand layer and the second fine sand layer is controlled to be 0.15m/d or more, so that the moisture content in the soil layer can be ensured, and the growth of plants is facilitated. The permeability coefficients of the first fine sand layer and the second fine sand layer may be the same or different, and are not limited in this embodiment.

In some embodiments, the first fine sand layer and the second fine sand layer are laid in a thickness range of 10% to 20% of the depth of the concave trench section 1, so as to effectively prevent soil erosion of the convex trench section 2 and the concave trench section 1.

In some embodiments, the lateral sides of the convex trench section 2 are provided with a vegetation layer 5.

Through setting up vegetable layer 5 in the both sides of convex trench section 2, vegetable layer 5, convex trench section 2, concave trench section 1, filtering material layer 3 and rubble layer 4 form several barriers of cutting dirty and subduing, have greatly strengthened the ability that this system reduces the pollutant in the rivers. And the plant community in the vegetation layer 5 has stronger regeneration capability and good pollutant absorption capability, and the filter material layer 3 and the rubble layer 4 have strong adsorption capability and simple structure, and are suitable for the process of quickly reducing the pollutants in the water body.

Particularly, local and local soil plants are adopted on the upstream surface of the drainage ditch, preferably the plants with developed root systems, excellent pollutant purifying capacity, flooding resistance and drought resistance are selected, and the landscape water ditch has certain landscape value, not only can play a role in reducing pollutants, but also can play a role in preventing water and soil loss, and slows down the direct washing of water flow to the two sides of the ditch.

Specifically, the vegetation layer 5 comprises one or more of radix Ophiopogonis, rhizoma Iridis Tectori, rhizoma Acori Calami, herba Laggera Angustifolia, and rhizoma Typhae.

Specifically, the height range of the vegetation layer 5 is 0.5m to 1m, so that the interception effect on total suspended solids and the adsorption effect on pollutants such as total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like can be realized. And moreover, microorganisms contained in the vegetation layer 5 reduce, absorb and convert pollutants, so that the purposes of eliminating runoff pollutants and improving water quality are achieved.

Not limited to this, at the position that convex trench section 2 was provided with the filter material and concave trench section 1 was provided with the position of metalling, also can set up the vegetable layer to the pollutant in the rivers is subducted and is absorbed the conversion to being favorable to.

It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.