阅读说明：本技术 一种提高板栗产量的肥料配方 (Fertilizer formula for improving yield of Chinese chestnuts ) 是由 陈景震 胡伟 钟武洪 全新 王国晖 吉悦娜 游志培 杨冬香 李琴 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种提高板栗产量的肥料配方,包括如下重量百分比组分,无机肥料40-50％,矿物质肥20-40％,有机肥20-40％；所述无机肥料由如下重量原料组分组成,氮肥50-60％,磷肥10-30％,钾肥为20-35％；所述矿物质肥包括甲酸钙20-30％、白云石30-40％、麦饭石30-40％,所述有机肥包括牲畜粪便50-60％,玉米芯颗粒10-20％,木炭10-20％,茶籽饼10-20％,本申请既满足板栗的日常营养元素需求,也提高肥料的长效利用价值,肥料不易流失,特别适合于板栗的这种特别容易水土流失的土壤环境,保证了板栗树可以更加有效的吸收肥料,肥料利用率高,且更多被果实所吸收。(The invention relates to a fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts, which comprises the following components, by weight, 40-50% of an inorganic fertilizer, 20-40% of a mineral fertilizer and 20-40% of an organic fertilizer; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-60% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 10-30% of a phosphate fertilizer and 20-35% of a potash fertilizer; the mineral fertilizer comprises 20-30% of calcium formate, 30-40% of dolomite and 30-40% of medical stone, the organic fertilizer comprises 50-60% of livestock manure, 10-20% of corncob particles, 10-20% of charcoal and 10-20% of tea seed cakes.)

1. A fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts is characterized by comprising, by weight, 40-50% of an inorganic fertilizer, 20-40% of a mineral fertilizer and 20-40% of an organic fertilizer; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-60% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 10-30% of a phosphate fertilizer and 20-35% of a potash fertilizer; the mineral fertilizer comprises 20-30% of calcium formate, 30-40% of dolomite and 30-40% of medical stone, and the organic fertilizer comprises 50-60% of livestock manure, 10-20% of corncob particles, 10-20% of charcoal and 10-20% of tea seed cakes.

2. The fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts according to claim 1, which comprises 40% of inorganic fertilizer, 30% of mineral fertilizer and 30% of organic fertilizer by weight.

3. The fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises 50% of nitrogenous fertilizer, 20% of phosphate fertilizer and 30% of potash fertilizer.

4. The fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts according to claim 1, wherein the mineral fertilizer comprises 30% of calcium formate, 30% of dolomite and 40% of medical stone.

5. The fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises 50% of livestock manure, 20% of corn cob particles, 10% of charcoal and 20% of tea seed cakes.

6. The fertilizer formulation for improving the yield of chestnuts according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a mineral fertilizer is crushed to have a particle size of 2 to 10 meshes.

7. The fertilizer formulation for improving the yield of chestnuts according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the particle size of the corncob particles and the charcoal is 10 to 20 meshes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts.

Background

Chinese chestnuts enter a low tide development period since 2000, a high-yield forest and a low-yield forest coexist, bipolar differentiation phenomenon in management occurs, and the high-yield forest is reasonable in investment and stable in yield due to stable yield management, but the phenomenon of blind use of chemical fertilizers generally exists; the low-yield forest has low yield, low benefit, lack of management, and little or no fertilizer application; directly influences the development speed of the Chinese chestnut. Since 2000, 6 improved varieties were bred in Hunan province, which are respectively: tanbo chestnut, Huaqiao chestnut and Hunan chestnut 1-4, and correspondingly establishes a fine variety base, and the development of quantitative fertilization of a chestnut soil testing formula has important significance for scientific fertilization, reduction of labor intensity of chestnut farmers, improvement of fertilization technical level, improvement of comprehensive utilization efficiency of organic fertilizers and utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, and improvement of yield.

In order to improve the yield of chestnuts and simultaneously avoid soil hardening caused by excessive use of inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers or slow-release fertilizers are generally used in the prior art, for example, CN201310466245.9 discloses a preparation method of an organic fertilizer for reducing the empty rate of chestnuts, which comprises the following steps:

(1) fermentation of cow dung

Airing fresh cow dung cleared from a cow farm until the water content is 65-75%, inoculating enzyme bacteria according to 0.1-0.7% of the fresh weight of the mixed material, uniformly mixing the cow dung with the bacteria powder, stacking and fermenting, turning over when hyphae appear in the stack, controlling the central temperature of the stack body to be not more than 65 ℃, turning over once in summer for 2-3 days, and turning over once in spring and autumn for 4-10 days, wherein the time for composting and fermenting is determined according to the temperature and is controlled to be 10-45 days;

(2) preparation of wormcast

Feeding earthworms with decomposed cow dung to produce earthworm dung, selecting tree rows or shady places at the stacking place to avoid direct irradiation of sunlight, stacking the decomposed cow dung into a stack, inoculating 0.1-0.5 kg of earthworms according to the stack length of 100cm, controlling the temperature in the stack at 5-30 ℃ for 30-45 days, changing the cow dung into small particles, changing the color from brown to brown, and separating the earthworms from the earthworm dung;

(3) mixing

Respectively cooling the moisture of the decomposed cow dung obtained in the step (1) and the moisture of the wormcast obtained in the step (2) to 25-35%, and mixing the decomposed cow dung, the wormcast and the lignite according to the following mass ratio: earthworm cast: lignite (0.8-1.2): (0.8-1.2): (0.3-0.6) to obtain a mixed organic material, and then mixing the mixed organic material with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-zinc-boron mixed chemical fertilizer according to the mass ratio of (8-9.5): (0.5-1.5) mixing to obtain an organic fertilizer finished product for reducing the empty rate of the Chinese chestnuts, wherein each ton of the organic fertilizer finished product for reducing the empty rate of the Chinese chestnuts is added with 10-20 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of diammonium phosphate and 2-6 kg of borax.

The method has high cost and is difficult to popularize and use.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts, which not only meets the daily nutrient element requirements of the Chinese chestnuts, but also improves the long-acting utilization value of the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is not easy to run off.

The invention relates to a fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts, which comprises the following components, by weight, 40-50% of an inorganic fertilizer, 20-40% of a mineral fertilizer and 20-40% of an organic fertilizer; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-60% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 10-30% of a phosphate fertilizer and 20-35% of a potash fertilizer; the mineral fertilizer comprises 20-30% of calcium formate, 30-40% of dolomite and 30-40% of medical stone, and the organic fertilizer comprises 50-60% of livestock manure, 10-20% of corncob particles, 10-20% of charcoal and 10-20% of tea seed cakes.

Preferably, the fertilizer comprises 40% of inorganic fertilizer, 30% of mineral fertilizer and 30% of organic fertilizer by weight percentage.

Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer comprises 50% of nitrogenous fertilizer, 20% of phosphate fertilizer and 30% of potash fertilizer.

Preferably, the mineral fertilizer comprises 30% of calcium formate, 30% of dolomite and 40% of medical stone.

Preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises 50% of livestock manure, 20% of corncob particles, 10% of charcoal and 20% of tea seed cakes.

Preferably, the mineral fertilizer is crushed, and the particle size of the crushed mineral fertilizer is 2-10 meshes.

Preferably, the corncob particles and charcoal have a particle size of 10-20 mesh.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer are mixed, so that the daily nutrient element requirements of Chinese chestnuts are met, the long-acting utilization value of the fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer is not easy to run off, the fertilizer is particularly suitable for the soil environment of the Chinese chestnuts, which is particularly easy to run off by water and soil, the Chinese chestnut trees can absorb the fertilizer more effectively, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is high, and more fertilizer is absorbed by fruits.

Detailed Description

Example 1

A fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts comprises the following components, by weight, 40% of an inorganic fertilizer, 30% of a mineral fertilizer and 30% of an organic fertilizer; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 20% of a phosphate fertilizer and 30% of a potash fertilizer; the mineral fertilizer comprises 30% of calcium formate, 30% of dolomite and 40% of medical stone, the organic fertilizer comprises 50% of livestock manure, 20% of corncob particles, 10% of charcoal and 20% of tea seed cakes, and the raw materials are mixed to obtain the fertilizer for improving the yield of the Chinese chestnuts.

The fertilizing time is fertilizing in 4 months in spring every year, the fertilizing method is that a ditch within 25cm is dug deeply in an annular area of 50cm from the edge covered by the crown of the Chinese chestnut tree to the trunk direction, the fertilizer is buried in the ditch, and soil is covered.

Example 2

A fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts comprises the following components, by weight, 50% of an inorganic fertilizer, 20% of a mineral fertilizer and 30% of an organic fertilizer; the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw material components, by weight, 60% of a nitrogenous fertilizer, 20% of a phosphate fertilizer and 20% of a potash fertilizer; the mineral fertilizer comprises 20% of calcium formate, 40% of dolomite and 40% of medical stone, the organic fertilizer comprises 60% of livestock manure, 10% of corn cob particles, 20% of charcoal and 10% of tea seed cakes, and the raw materials are mixed to obtain the fertilizer for improving the yield of the Chinese chestnuts.

The fertilization time and mode were the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 1

A fertilizer formula for improving the yield of Chinese chestnuts comprises, by weight, 40% of an inorganic fertilizer, 30% of a mineral fertilizer and 30% of an organic fertilizer. The rest is the same as example 1.

Experimental example 1

To calculate the effect of different fertilizers on the plants, the present application performed biomass calculations for the number of examples 1 and comparative examples 1.

Adopts a felling and falling sample tree weighing method. Selecting a chestnut representative tree for felling. Measuring the fresh weight of trunk, branch and leaf (including chestnut and fruit in fruiting period), and digging root and weighing. Sampling and drying each component, obtaining a dry-fresh ratio, calculating dry weights of trunks, branches, leaves, roots, chestnuts and fruits to obtain biomass of each component, thereby obtaining total biomass of the whole tree, and then calculating the biomass of the chestnut forest stand according to the forest stand density. Forest stand biomass ═ sample tree biomass × forest stand density.

TABLE 1 survey of forest stand biomass of different types of chestnuts (av)

As can be seen from the data in the table 1, the fertilizer formula can effectively improve the growth of the Chinese chestnut trees, and more nutrients are absorbed by fruits, so that the yield of the Chinese chestnut trees is improved.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, is limited to these examples; within the spirit of the present disclosure, features from the above embodiments or from different embodiments may also be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments in this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

It is intended that the one or more embodiments of the present application embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.