阅读说明：本技术 一种花键配合结构及装配方法 (Spline matching structure and assembling method ) 是由 何方博 李会 姚维旺 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种花键配合结构及用于花键配合的装配方法。一种花键配合结构,其特征在于包括第一件和套设在第一件外的第二件,所述第一件周向外壁形成有外花键结构,所述第二件周向内壁形成有内花键结构,所述外花键结构包括第一外花键结构和第二外花键结构,所述内花键结构包括用于与第一外花键结构过盈配合的第一内花键结构及用于与第二外花键结构间隙配合的第二内花键结构,所述第一内花键结构处的大径小于第一外花键结构处的大径,所述第二内花键结构处的大径大于第二外花键结构处的大径。本发明具有生产成本较低、便于装配,且零部件回转中心同轴精度较高的优点。(The invention relates to a spline fitting structure and an assembling method for spline fitting. The utility model provides a spline cooperation structure, its characterized in that includes first and the cover establishes the second piece outside first, first circumference outer wall is formed with outer spline structure, second circumference inner wall is formed with interior spline structure, exterior spline structure includes first outer spline structure and second outer spline structure, interior spline structure is including being used for with first outer spline structure interference fit's first interior spline structure and being used for with second outer spline structure clearance fit's second interior spline structure, the major diameter of first interior spline structure department is less than the major diameter of first outer spline structure department, the major diameter of second interior spline structure department is greater than the major diameter of second outer spline structure department. The invention has the advantages of lower production cost, convenient assembly and higher precision of the rotation center coaxiality of parts.)

1. The utility model provides a spline cooperation structure, its characterized in that includes first part and the second part of cover establishing outside first part, first part circumference outer wall is formed with outer spline structure, second part circumference inner wall is formed with interior spline structure, spline structure interference fit in the part of the partial outer spline structure of first part and second part, spline structure and the partial interior spline structure clearance fit of second part outside the part of first part.

2. A spline engagement according to claim 1, wherein the external spline structure comprises a first external spline structure for interference fit with the internal spline structure and a second external spline structure for clearance fit with the internal spline structure, the internal spline structure having a major diameter smaller than the major diameter of the first external spline structure and larger than the major diameter of the second external spline structure.

3. A spline fit arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the internal spline arrangement comprises a first internal spline arrangement for interference fit with the external spline arrangement and a second internal spline arrangement for clearance fit with the external spline arrangement, the external spline arrangement having a major diameter greater than the major diameter of the first internal spline arrangement and less than the major diameter of the second external spline arrangement.

4. A spline engagement according to claim 2, wherein the first and second male spline structures are annularly spaced on the first member, and at least one second male spline structure is provided between each adjacent two of the first male spline structures.

5. A spline engagement according to claim 3, wherein the first and second internal spline structures are arranged on the second member at annular intervals, and at least one second internal spline structure is arranged between every two adjacent first internal spline structures.

6. A spline fit structure according to claim 4, wherein the number of the second external spline structures between each two adjacent first external spline structures is the same.

7. A spline fit structure according to claim 5, wherein the number of second internal spline structures between each adjacent two of the first internal spline structures is the same.

8. An assembling method for a spline-fitting structure of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of, in order:

the SS01 heats the first component or the second component to a set temperature, the set temperature is 100-160 ℃;

SS02 press-fitting the second component with the first component, wherein the temperature of the first component or the second component is at least 100 ℃;

SS03 air-cooled or naturally cooled the first and second parts pressed together to room temperature.

9. The assembly method according to claim 5, characterized in that in step SS01, the first or second part is heated to 130 to 140 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a spline fitting structure and an assembling method for spline fitting.

Background

The connection of the two components in one piece is often accomplished by a spline fit, typically by way of an interference fit. To the part that requires to bear great, because of considering spline intensity demand, can be with the great longer of spline design preparation on the part, can lead to the assembly between two parts very difficult, in the actual production process, often appear two unable pressure equipment between the part, perhaps appear the condition of a large amount of iron fillings after the pressure equipment.

In order to facilitate the spline fit between the two components, a plurality of strip-shaped convex ribs are processed on the surface of one component, and the surface of one component is in interference fit with the convex ribs on the surface of the other component to realize the fixation between the two components, but the scheme has the following defects: the processing of the convex edge is needed, and the production cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a spline matching structure which is low in production cost and convenient to assemble.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a spline cooperation structure, includes first part and the second part of cover establishing outside the first part, first part circumference outer wall is formed with outer spline structure, second part circumference inner wall is formed with interior spline structure, spline structure interference fit in the part of the partial outer spline structure of first part and second part, spline structure and the partial interior spline structure clearance fit of second part outside the part of first part.

According to the invention, under the condition of determining spline parameters, the number of the spline teeth of the first component or the second component for participating in interference fit is reduced so as to reduce the press-fitting force, so that the press-fitting between the first component and the second component is facilitated, wherein a plurality of convex edges are not required to be processed on the outer wall of the first component or the inner wall of the second component, and the cost is lower. As is known, each of the inner spline structure and the outer spline structure includes spline teeth and a tooth groove formed between two adjacent spline teeth. Wherein, can be used for the setting of the quantity and the position of interference fit's interior spline structure and outer spline structure according to actual conditions and needs.

Preferably, the external spline structure comprises a first external spline structure used for being in interference fit with the internal spline structure and a second external spline structure used for being in clearance fit with the internal spline structure, and the major diameter of the internal spline structure is smaller than that of the first external spline structure and larger than that of the second external spline structure. The first component is machined, so that the major diameters of the outer spline structure of the first component are different, the large-diameter part with the large size is used for interference fit, and the large-diameter part with the small size is used for clearance fit. The first component and the second component are in interference press fit through the spline with large diameter, and the rotation center coaxial precision of the first component and the second component can be improved.

Preferably, the internal spline structure comprises a first internal spline structure used for being in interference fit with the external spline structure and a second internal spline structure used for being in clearance fit with the external spline structure, and the major diameter of the external spline structure is larger than that of the first internal spline structure and smaller than that of the second external spline structure. The spline teeth and the tooth grooves at all positions of the outer spline structure of the first component are the same in structural shape and size, the spline teeth and the tooth grooves at all positions of the inner spline structure of the second component are not the same in structure, and the second component only needs to be processed continuously. Compared with the processing of the outer wall of the first component, the processing of the inner hole of the second component is more convenient, the inner hole of the first component can be processed through the broach, and the first inner spline structure and the second inner spline structure can be processed at one time.

Preferably, the first external spline structures and the second external spline structures are arranged on the first component at intervals in an annular mode, and at least one second external spline structure is arranged between every two adjacent first external spline structures. The large diameter with smaller size and the large diameter with larger size are alternately arranged, so that the uniformity during press fitting can be improved, and the coaxiality of the first part and the second part after press fitting can be improved under the condition of ensuring the press fitting effect.

Preferably, the first internal spline structures and the second internal spline structures are arranged on the second component at intervals in an annular mode, and at least one second internal spline structure is arranged between every two adjacent first internal spline structures. The large diameter with smaller size and the large diameter with larger size are alternately arranged, so that the uniformity during press fitting can be improved, and the coaxiality of the first part and the second part after press fitting can be improved under the condition of ensuring the press fitting effect.

Preferably, the number of the second external spline structures between every two adjacent first external spline structures is the same. The first external spline structures and the second external spline structures are the same in number and are alternately arranged, so that the external spline structures of the first component are more uniformly arranged, and the coaxiality of the first component and the second component after press mounting can be further improved under the condition of ensuring the press mounting effect.

Preferably, the number of the second internal spline structures between every two adjacent first internal spline structures is the same. The number of the second inner spline structures between every two adjacent first inner spline structures is the same, so that the inner spline structures of the second component are arranged more uniformly, and the coaxiality of the first component and the second component after press mounting can be improved under the condition of further ensuring the press mounting effect.

The invention also discloses an assembly method for the spline matching structure, which sequentially comprises the following steps: the SS01 heats the first component or the second component to a set temperature, the set temperature is 100-160 ℃; SS02 press-fitting the second component with the first component, wherein the temperature of the first component or the second component is at least 100 ℃; SS03 air-cooled or naturally cooled the first and second parts pressed together to room temperature.

The first component or the second component expands towards the circumferential outer side through a heating mode, so that the subsequent press fitting of the first component and the second component is facilitated, the first component and the second component are cooled and shrunk after the press fitting is completed, the sizes of the first component and the second component are restored to the state before heating, and the connection strength can be guaranteed.

Preferably, in step SS01, the first or second part is heated to 130 ℃ to 140 ℃. The arrangement is used for ensuring the dimension change of the spline structure of the first component or the second component made of steel and avoiding excessive oxidation of the first component or the second component to form an oxide film on the surface so as to avoid the change of the performance of the first component or the second component.

The invention has the advantages of lower production cost, convenient assembly and higher coaxial precision of the rotation center of the component.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an enlarged partial view of a conventional spline fitting structure;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial view of the first and second parts of the present invention after press-fitting with the female and male splines in contact;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the assembly method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

Shown by figure 1, conventional spline fit structure includes gear 1 and axle 2, 1 hole department of gear is equipped with the internal spline structure for the gear, 2 outer wall departments of axle are equipped with the external spline structure for the axle, the dotted line in figure 1 is the appearance outline line of the external spline structure for the axle of axle 2 before the pressure equipment, wherein, the internal spline structure for the gear includes a plurality of for the gear spline teeth 11 that are the even interval setting of annular, the external spline structure for the axle includes a plurality of for the axle spline teeth 21 that are the even interval setting of annular, before carrying out the pressure equipment of gear 1 and axle 2, the major diameter of the axle spline teeth 21 department for the axle of axle 2 all is greater than the major diameter of the adjacent two gears spline teeth 11 that constitute tooth's socket department of gear 1.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment discloses a spline fitting structure, which includes a first component 3 and a second component 4 sleeved outside the first component 3, wherein an outer spline structure 31 is formed on a circumferential outer wall of the first component 3, and an inner spline structure is formed on a circumferential inner wall 4 of the second component. The internal spline structure comprises a first internal spline structure 41 and a second internal spline structure 42, wherein the first internal spline structure 41 is used for being in interference fit with one part of external spline structures in all the external spline structures 31, the second internal spline structure 42 is used for being in clearance fit with other parts of external spline structures in all the external spline structures 31, the major diameter of the first internal spline structure 41 is smaller than that of the external spline structures 31, and the major diameter of the second internal spline structure 42 is larger than that of the external spline structures 31. Wherein the dotted line is the outline of the external spline structure 31 of the first component 3 before press fitting.

Wherein the major diameter at the first inner spline structures 41 is smaller than the major diameter at the second inner spline structures 42. The first inner spline structures 41 and the second inner spline structures 42 are arranged on the second component at equal intervals in an annular shape, and one second inner spline structure 42 is arranged between every two adjacent first inner spline structures 41. The inner spline structure and the outer spline structure are respectively composed of a plurality of spline teeth and a plurality of tooth grooves 51 formed between two adjacent spline teeth; the spline teeth include internal spline teeth 52 and external spline teeth 53.

Example 2

The embodiment discloses an assembling method for a spline fitting structure in the embodiment 1, which sequentially comprises the following steps: SS01 heated the second part to a set temperature of 130 ℃ by a heating device (such as a gear heater); SS02 press-fitting the second component and the first component, wherein the temperature of the second component is at least 100 ℃ during press-fitting; SS03 air-cooled or naturally cooled the first and second parts pressed together to room temperature.

The invention has the advantages of lower production cost, convenient assembly and higher coaxial precision of the rotation center of the component.