阅读说明：本技术 一种用于风力发电机低速侧的转速检测装置及方法 (Rotating speed detection device and method for low-speed side of wind driven generator ) 是由 刘鹏 薛涛 魏东 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于风力发电机低速侧的转速检测装置及方法,所述风力发电机包括低速侧和高速侧,所述低速侧包括叶片和主轴,所述高速侧包括联轴器和发电机,所述主轴与联轴器之间通过齿轮箱连接,所述转速检测装置包括固定在主轴上的外齿圈、与外齿圈连接的增速机以及与增速机输出端连接的编码器。本发明在传动链(包括主轴、齿轮箱和联轴器)出问题时,可以及时报出高低速转速差不匹配的故障,而且该检测装置的精度高,风力发电机的高低速转速差异可以同步检出,微小滑移也可以同步检出。(The invention relates to a rotating speed detection device and a method for a low-speed side of a wind driven generator, wherein the wind driven generator comprises a low-speed side and a high-speed side, the low-speed side comprises blades and a main shaft, the high-speed side comprises a coupler and a generator, the main shaft is connected with the coupler through a gear box, the rotating speed detection device comprises an outer gear ring fixed on the main shaft, a speed increaser connected with the outer gear ring and an encoder connected with the output end of the speed increaser. When the transmission chain (comprising the main shaft, the gear box and the coupling) goes wrong, the invention can report the fault of unmatched high-low speed rotation speed difference in time, and the detection device has high precision, and the high-low speed rotation speed difference and the micro-slip of the wind driven generator can be synchronously detected.)

1. A rotational speed detection device for aerogenerator low-speed side, aerogenerator includes low-speed side and high-speed side, the low-speed side includes blade and main shaft, the high-speed side includes shaft coupling and generator, be connected through the gear box between main shaft and the shaft coupling, its characterized in that, rotational speed detection device includes:

an outer ring gear fixed on the main shaft;

the speed increaser is connected with the outer gear ring; and

and the encoder is connected with the output end of the speed increaser.

2. A rotation speed detecting apparatus for a low speed side of a wind power generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the encoder is a grating type rotary encoder.

3. A rotation speed detecting apparatus for a low speed side of a wind power generator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of grating lines on the grating type rotary encoder is 1024, 2048, 3072 or 4096.

4. A rotation speed detecting apparatus for a low speed side of a wind power generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rotation speed ratio of the input and output ends of the speed increaser is the same as a rotation speed ratio of the input and output ends of the gear box.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the rotation speed ratio of the input end and the output end of the speed increaser is 40-200.

6. A rotation speed detecting method using the rotation speed detecting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) an outer gear ring is fixed on the main shaft;

(2) installing a speed increaser and an encoder, so that the input end of the speed increaser is meshed with the outer gear ring, and the output end of the speed increaser is connected with the encoder;

(3) the running state of the wind driven generator is judged by reading the rotating speed of the main shaft through the encoder and comparing the rotating speed with the rotating speed at the high-speed side.

7. The rotational speed detecting method for a low speed side of a wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein the outer ring gear is coaxially arranged with the main shaft and rotates synchronously.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a high-precision rotating speed detection device and method for a low-speed side of a wind driven generator.

Background

Wind energy is a clean and pollution-free renewable energy source and is utilized by people for a long time, mainly water pumping, surface grinding and the like are realized through a windmill, along with the exhaustion of petroleum energy, the wind energy becomes one of new energy sources searched by human beings, and one method is wind power generation. The kinetic energy of wind is converted into mechanical kinetic energy, and then the mechanical energy is converted into electric kinetic energy, namely wind power generation. The principle of wind power generation is that wind power drives windmill blades to rotate, and then the rotating speed is increased through a speed increaser, so that a generator is promoted to generate electricity. In order to ensure that the electrical energy generated by the wind turbine can be incorporated into the grid, it is necessary to monitor not only the rotational speed of the high-speed side (i.e., the generator side) of the wind turbine, but also the rotational speed of the low-speed side (i.e., the blades) thereof.

At present, the proximity switch is mostly used for measuring the expansion ring bolt in the industry to realize low-speed side rotating speed detection. The method has the following defects: 1. the low-speed side rotating speed after the main shaft has a problem cannot be detected; 2. the rotation speed precision is generally below 9 degrees and 3 degrees due to the limitation of the number of expansion ring bolts, and the low-speed side rotation speed precision is insufficient, so that partial micro slippage of the coupler cannot be detected.

Therefore, there is a need in the art for a rotation speed detection device for a low speed side of a wind turbine with higher reliability.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to a device and a method for detecting a rotational speed of a wind turbine generator at a low speed side, which overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present application provides the following technical solutions.

In a first aspect, the application provides a rotational speed detection device for aerogenerator low-speed side, aerogenerator includes low-speed side and high-speed side, the low-speed side includes blade and main shaft, the high-speed side includes shaft coupling and generator, be connected through the gear box between main shaft and the shaft coupling, rotational speed detection device is including fixing epaxial outer ring gear, the increaser of being connected with outer ring gear and the encoder of being connected with the increaser output.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the encoder is a grating rotary encoder.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the number of grating lines on the grating-based rotary encoder is 1024, 2048, 3072 or 4096.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the speed ratio of the gearbox input and output is the same as the speed ratio of the gearbox input and output.

In one embodiment of the first aspect, the rotation speed ratio of the input end and the output end of the speed increaser is 40-200.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a rotation speed detection method using the rotation speed detection device as described above, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) an outer gear ring is fixed on the main shaft;

(2) installing a speed increaser and an encoder, so that the input end of the speed increaser is meshed with the outer gear ring, and the output end of the speed increaser is connected with the encoder;

(3) the running state of the wind driven generator is judged by reading the rotating speed of the main shaft through the encoder and comparing the rotating speed with the rotating speed at the high-speed side.

In one embodiment of the second aspect, the outer ring gear is arranged coaxially with the main shaft and rotates synchronously.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) when the main shaft has a problem, the fault that the high and low speed rotation speed differences are not matched can be reported in time;

(2) when a common 2048-line encoder is adopted, the rotating speed measuring precision can reach 360 degrees/(2048 x N), the common transformation ratio N of the existing speed increaser is 170, the precision is about 0.001 degrees, and the precision is improved by 8700 times;

(3) the high and low speed rotation speed difference can be synchronously detected, and the micro slippage can also be synchronously detected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a wind power generator to which the present invention is applied;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a wind turbine according to the present application;

in the drawing, 100 is a wind power generator. 101 is a tower, 102 is a machine room, 103 is a hub, 104 is a blade, 2 is a main shaft, 3 is an expansion ring bolt, 4 is a gear box, 5 is a coupler, 6 is a generator, 7 is an outer gear ring, 8 is a speed increaser, 9 is an encoder, and 10 is a brake pad.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the components in the figures may be exaggerated and not necessarily to scale for illustrative purposes. In the figures, identical or functionally identical components are provided with the same reference symbols.

In the present invention, "disposed on …", "disposed over …" and "disposed over …" do not exclude the presence of an intermediate therebetween, unless otherwise specified. Further, "disposed on or above …" merely indicates the relative positional relationship between two components, and may also be converted to "disposed below or below …" and vice versa in certain cases, such as after reversing the product direction.

In the present invention, the embodiments are only intended to illustrate the aspects of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting.

In the present invention, the terms "a" and "an" do not exclude the presence of a plurality of elements, unless otherwise specified.

It is further noted herein that in embodiments of the present invention, only a portion of the components or assemblies may be shown for clarity and simplicity, but those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, given the teachings of the present invention, required components or assemblies may be added as needed in a particular scenario. Furthermore, features from different embodiments of the invention may be combined with each other, unless otherwise indicated. For example, a feature of the second embodiment may be substituted for a corresponding or functionally equivalent or similar feature of the first embodiment, and the resulting embodiments are likewise within the scope of the disclosure or recitation of the present application.

It is also noted herein that, within the scope of the present invention, the terms "same", "equal", and the like do not mean that the two values are absolutely equal, but allow some reasonable error, that is, the terms also encompass "substantially the same", "substantially equal". By analogy, in the present invention, the terms "perpendicular", "parallel" and the like in the directions of the tables also cover the meanings of "substantially perpendicular", "substantially parallel".

The numbering of the steps of the methods of the present invention does not limit the order of execution of the steps of the methods. Unless specifically stated, the method steps may be performed in a different order.

The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings in conjunction with the detailed description.

According to the traditional detection device, a proximity switch is arranged on the outer side of an expansion ring bolt, the expansion ring bolt is used for connecting a main shaft and a gear box and synchronously rotates with the main shaft, a general expansion ring bolt is provided with 40 teeth, and the proximity switch determines the rotation rate of the expansion ring bolt by detecting the number of teeth passing through within a period of time, so that the rotation speed of the main shaft is determined. However, this method is limited by the number of expansion ring bolts, and the rotational speed accuracy is generally 9 ° or less, and further, the rotational speed accuracy is insufficient on the low speed side, so that partial minute slip of the coupling cannot be detected.

In this application, a rotational speed detection device for aerogenerator low-speed side, aerogenerator includes low-speed side and high-speed side, the low-speed side includes blade and main shaft, the high-speed side includes shaft coupling and generator, be connected through the gear box between main shaft and the shaft coupling, rotational speed detection device is including fixing epaxial outer ring gear, the increaser of being connected with outer ring gear and the encoder of being connected with the increaser output. In the present application, an outer ring gear is additionally added on the side of the main shaft hub, which does not participate in power transmission and is only used for detecting the rotating speed.

In one embodiment, the encoder is a grating rotary encoder.

In one embodiment, the number of grating lines on the grating-type rotary encoder is 1024, 2048, 3072 or 4096.

In one embodiment, the speed ratio of the gearbox input and output is the same as the speed ratio of the gearbox input and output.

In one embodiment, the rotation speed ratio of the input end and the output end of the speed increaser is 40-200. When a common 2048-line encoder is adopted, the rotating speed measuring precision can reach 360 degrees/(2048 x N), the precision is about 0.001 degrees when the common transformation ratio N of the existing speed increaser is 170 degrees, and the precision is improved by 8700 times. The speed increaser uses involute gear transmission, and the involute gear transmission has the advantages of constant angular speed and continuous transmission of angular change, and after the high-low speed side encoders are accelerated by the speed increaser with the same transformation ratio, the rotation speed detection can be ensured to be strictly synchronous, and can be detected by slight difference, and similarly, the micro slippage on the transmission chain can also be synchronously detected.

Examples

The following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are intended to provide a detailed description and a specific operation process, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a wind turbine 100 to which the present invention is applied. The wind turbine 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a tower 101, a nacelle 102 rotatably connected to the tower 101 and supporting a hub 103. Two or more blades 104 are arranged on the hub 103, wherein the blades 104, under the influence of wind, rotate a rotor (not shown) arranged in the hub 103 around an axis (not shown), wherein rotation of the rotor of the generator relative to the stator will generate electrical energy.

A rotating speed detection device for a low-speed side of a wind driven generator is structurally shown in figure 2, the wind driven generator comprises a hub 103, a main shaft 2, an expansion ring bolt 3, a gear box 4, a coupling 5 and a generator 6 which are sequentially connected in the axial direction, wherein the coupling 5 is provided with a brake pad 10. An outer gear ring 7 is fixed on the main shaft, the outer gear ring 7 is meshed with the input end of a speed increaser 8, and the output end of the speed increaser 8 is connected with an encoder 9. In the present embodiment, the encoder 9 is a 2048-line encoder, and the transmission ratio N of the speed-up gear 8 and the gear box 4 is 170.

The blades 104 of the wind wheel rotate to drive the hub 103 to rotate, so that the main shaft 2 and the outer gear ring 7 are driven to synchronously rotate, the transmission ratio of the speed increaser 8 and the gear box 4 is kept consistent, the actual rotating speed is measured by using the grating type rotary encoder, when the problem occurs at the low-speed end or the condition of inconsistent rotating speed with the high-speed end occurs, the sensitivity of the fan to the abnormal condition is improved by controlling and timely early warning, the precision is about 0.001 degrees, and the outer gear ring 7 does not participate in power transmission.

The gear box 4 of the invention is a large-scale speed increaser, but is mainly used for transmitting power, the additional speed increaser 8 is mainly used for detecting the rotating speed, does not participate in transmitting power, and the part transmitting power is easier to damage; after the speed increaser is damaged, if the speed increaser is hung behind the power transmission speed increaser to detect the rotating speed, the problem is caused, and after the outer gear ring is additionally arranged on the side of the main shaft hub and is meshed with a special speed increaser 8, the speed increaser does not transmit power per se and is only used for detecting the rotating speed and not easy to damage; the gear box is replaced, the gear box is not affected, and the reliability is high.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that they have been presented by way of example only. Numerous variations, substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention without departing from the scope thereof. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby.