阅读说明：本技术 光束偏转层和包括其的三维显示装置 (Beam deflection layer and three-dimensional display device including the same ) 是由 金暎 安重权 元康喜 洪宗永 于 2021-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：光束偏转层包括：第一选择性偏振转换分束器,将入射光束中的第一颜色光分裂成具有彼此不同的偏振方向的第一第一颜色光和第二第一颜色光；第一光束偏转器,使来自第一选择性偏振转换分束器的光束中的第一第一颜色光偏转；第一选择性偏振转换器,转换来自所述第一光束偏转器的光束中的第一第一颜色光和第二第一颜色光的偏振方向；和第二光束偏转器,配置为使来自第一选择性偏振转换器的光束中的第二第一颜色光偏转。第一颜色光、第一第一颜色光和第二第一颜色光每个具有第一波长带。(The beam deflecting layer includes: a first selective polarization conversion beam splitter splitting the first color light in the incident light beam into first and second first color lights having polarization directions different from each other; a first beam deflector deflecting a first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization conversion beam splitter; a first selective polarization converter converting polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector; and a second beam deflector configured to deflect the second first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converter. The first color light, the first color light, and the second first color light each have a first wavelength band.)

1. An optical beam deflection layer comprising:

a first selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split a first color light in an incident light beam into a first color light and a second first color light having polarization directions different from each other;

a first beam deflector configured to deflect the first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a first selective polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector; and

a second beam deflector configured to deflect the second first color light in the beam from the first selective polarization converter;

wherein the first color light, the first color light, and the second first color light each have a first wavelength band.

2. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 1, wherein the first selective polarization-converting beam splitter rotates the polarization direction of the first color light by 45 degrees.

3. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 1, wherein the first beam deflector comprises:

a first horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a first general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam from the first horizontal deflector; and

a first vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the first color light in the light beam from the first universal polarization converter.

4. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 1, wherein the first selective polarization converter rotates the polarization direction of the first and second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector by 90 degrees.

5. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 1, wherein the second beam deflector comprises:

a second vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the second first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converter;

a second general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam received from the second vertical deflector; and

a second horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the second first color light in the light beam from the second universal polarization converter.

6. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 1, further comprising:

a second selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split the first color light in the light beam from the second beam deflector into first and second first color lights having polarization directions different from each other, and split the second first color light in the light beam from the second beam deflector into first and second first color lights having polarization directions different from each other; and

a first polarizer configured to transmit light having one polarization direction among the light beams from the second selective polarization converting beam splitter.

7. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 6, wherein the second selective polarization-converting beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization direction of the first and second first color light in the light beam from the second beam deflector by 45 degrees.

8. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 6, further comprising:

a third selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split a second color light of the light beams from the first polarizer into a first second color light and a second color light having polarization directions different from each other;

a third beam deflector configured to deflect the first second color light in the light beam from the third selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a second selective polarization converter converting polarization directions of the first and second color lights in the light beam from the third beam deflector; and

a fourth beam deflector configured to deflect the second color light in the light beam from the second selective polarization converter, wherein

The second color light, the first second color light, and the second color light each have a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band.

9. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 8, wherein the third selective polarization-converting beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization direction of the second color light of the light beams from the first polarizer by 45 degrees.

10. The beam deflection layer of claim 8, wherein the second selective polarization converter is configured to rotate the polarization direction of the first and second color light of the light beam from the third beam deflector by 90 degrees.

11. The beam-deflecting layer according to claim 8, wherein

The third beam deflector includes:

a third horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the first second color light in the light beam from the third selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a third general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam received from the third horizontal deflector; and

a third vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the first and second color light in the light beam from the third general polarization converter, an

The fourth beam deflector includes:

a fourth vertical deflector to vertically deflect the second color light in the light beam from the second selective polarization converter;

a fourth general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam received from the fourth vertical deflector; and

a fourth horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the second color light in the light beam from the fourth universal polarization converter.

12. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 8, further comprising:

a fourth selective polarization converting beam splitter configured to:

splitting the first and second color lights in the light beam from the fourth beam deflector into first and second color lights having polarization directions different from each other, and

splitting the second color light in the light beam from the fourth beam deflector into first second color light and second color light having polarization directions different from each other; and

a second polarizer configured to pass light having the one polarization direction among the light beams from the fourth selective polarization converting beam splitter, wherein,

the fourth selective polarization converting beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization directions of the first and second color lights in the light beam from the fourth beam deflector by 45 degrees.

13. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 12, further comprising:

a fifth selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split the third color light of the light beam received from the second polarizer into first and second third color lights having polarization directions different from each other;

a fifth beam deflector configured to deflect the first third color light in the light beam from the fifth selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a third selective polarization converter converting polarization directions of the first and second third color lights in the light beam from the fifth beam deflector; and

a sixth beam deflector deflecting the second third color light in the light beam from the third selective polarization converter, wherein

The third color light, the first third color light, and the second third color light each have a third wavelength band different from the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band.

14. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 13, wherein the fifth selective polarization-converting beam splitter rotates the polarization direction of the third color light of the light beams from the second polarizer by 45 degrees.

15. The beam deflection layer of claim 13, wherein the third selective polarization converter rotates the polarization direction of the first and second third color light of the light beams from the fifth beam deflector by 90 degrees.

16. The beam-deflecting layer according to claim 13, wherein

The fifth beam deflector includes:

a fifth horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the first third color light in the light beam from the fifth selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a fifth general polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first and second third color lights in the light beam from the fifth horizontal deflector; and

a fifth vertical deflector vertically deflecting the first third color light in the light beam from the fifth general polarization converter, an

The sixth beam deflector includes:

a sixth vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the second third color light in the light beam from the third selective polarization converter;

a sixth general polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first and second third color lights in the light beam from the sixth vertical deflector; and

a sixth horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the second third color light in the light beam from the sixth general polarization converter.

17. The beam-deflecting layer of claim 16, further comprising:

a sixth selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split the first third color light in the light beam from the sixth beam deflector into first and second first and third color lights having polarization directions different from each other, and split the second third color light in the light beam from the sixth beam deflector into first and second third color lights having polarization directions different from each other; and

a third polarizer configured to pass light having the one polarization direction among the light beams from the sixth selective polarization conversion beam splitter, wherein

The sixth selective polarization converting beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization directions of the first and second third color lights in the light beam from the sixth beam deflector by 45 degrees.

18. A three-dimensional display device comprising:

a light source configured to output light beams in a plurality of wavelength bands;

an optical beam deflection layer configured to deflect the optical beam;

a controller configured to control a deflection direction of the optical beam in the beam deflection layer; and

a spatial light modulator configured to form a holographic image by diffracting the light beam,

wherein the beam deflection layer comprises:

a first selective polarization converting beam splitter configured to split a first color light of the light beam into a first color light and a second first color light, the first color light having a different polarization direction than the second first color light;

a first beam deflector configured to deflect the first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converting beam splitter;

a first selective polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector; and

a second beam deflector configured to deflect the second first color light in the beam from the first selective polarization converter;

wherein the first color light, the first color light, and the second first color light each have a first wavelength band.

19. The three-dimensional display device of claim 18, wherein the controller is further configured to control the beam deflection layer to focus a first portion of the light beam toward a first location and a second portion of the light beam toward a second location different from the first location.

20. The three-dimensional display device of claim 18, further comprising:

a field lens provided between the beam deflection layer and the spatial light modulator, wherein the field lens is configured to focus a first portion of the optical beam towards a first location and a second portion of the optical beam towards a second location different from the first location.

21. An optical beam deflection apparatus comprising:

a first layer configured to split an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions;

a second layer configured to deflect the first polarized light from the first layer in a first direction;

a third layer configured to convert polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light; and

a fourth layer configured to deflect the second polarized light from the third layer in a second direction.

22. A method of performing beam deflection, comprising:

splitting an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions;

deflecting the first polarized light in a first direction;

converting polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light after deflecting the first polarized light; and

deflecting the second polarized light in a second direction after converting the polarization directions of the first and second polarized light.

23. A control device, comprising:

a memory storing one or more instructions, an

A processor configured to execute the one or more instructions to control the beam deflector to:

splitting an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions;

deflecting the first polarized light in a first direction;

converting polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light after deflecting the first polarized light; and

deflecting the second polarized light in a second direction after converting the polarization directions of the first and second polarized light.

Technical Field

Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a beam deflection layer and a three-dimensional (3D) display device.

Background

A display device, such as a three-dimensional (3D) display device, may include a beam deflector that changes a traveling direction of light to achieve directivity of the light. However, a scattering phenomenon, i.e., a fine path difference for each color of light deflected by the beam deflector, may occur. In order to eliminate the scattering phenomenon, the driving of the beam deflector may be separately performed for each color. The separation method may include a spatial multiplexing method and a temporal multiplexing method.

In the spatial multiplexing method, a space is divided and a light beam is deflected for each color, and thus a system employing this method may be cumbersome. In the time multiplexing method, by dividing time, the deflection direction is finely adjusted by the beam deflector according to each color. Thus, a system employing time multiplexing can be slow because the response time of the beam deflector should be three times the response time in spatial multiplexing.

Disclosure of Invention

An optical beam deflection layer and a 3D display device including the same are provided.

Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments of the disclosure.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an optical beam deflection layer including: a first selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split a first color light in an incident light beam into a first color light and a second first color light having polarization directions different from each other; a first beam deflector configured to deflect a first color light in a beam from the first selective polarization converting beam splitter; a first selective polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector; and a second beam deflector configured to deflect a second first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converter; wherein the first color light, the first color light, and the second first color light each have a first wavelength band.

The first selective polarization converting beam splitter rotates the polarization direction of the first color light by 45 degrees.

The first beam deflector includes: a first horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converting beam splitter; a first general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam from the first horizontal deflector; a first vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the first color light in the light beam from the first general polarization converter.

The first selective polarization converter rotates the polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector by 90 degrees.

The second beam deflector includes: a second vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the second first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converter; a second general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam received from the second vertical deflector; a second horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the second first color light in the light beam from the second universal polarization converter.

The beam deflecting layer further includes: a second selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split the first color light in the light beam from the second beam deflector into first and second first color lights having polarization directions different from each other, and split the second first color light in the light beam from the second beam deflector into first and second first color lights having polarization directions different from each other; and a first polarizer configured to transmit light having one polarization direction among the light beams from the second selective polarization conversion beam splitter.

The second selective polarization converting beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the second beam deflector by 45 degrees.

The beam deflecting layer further includes: a third selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split the second color light of the light beam from the first polarizer into first and second color lights having polarization directions different from each other; a third beam deflector configured to deflect the first and second colors of light in the beam from the third selective polarization conversion beam splitter; a second selective polarization converter converting polarization directions of the first and second color lights in the light beam from the third beam deflector; and a fourth beam deflector configured to deflect a second color light in the light beam from the second selective polarization converter, wherein the second color light, the first second color light, and the second color light each have a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band.

The third selective polarization converting beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization direction of the second color light of the light beams from the first polarizer by 45 degrees.

The second selective polarization converter is configured to rotate the polarization directions of the first and second color lights in the light beam from the first and second beam deflectors by 90 degrees.

The third beam deflector includes: a third horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the first and second color lights in the light beam from the third selective polarization conversion beam splitter; a third general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam received from the third horizontal deflector; a third vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the first and second color lights in the light beam from the third general polarization converter, the fourth beam deflector comprising: a fourth vertical deflector vertically deflecting the second color light in the light beam from the second selective polarization converter; a fourth general polarization converter configured to convert a polarization direction of the light beam received from the fourth vertical deflector; and a fourth horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the second color light in the light beam from the fourth general polarization converter.

The beam-deflecting layer further comprises a fourth selective polarization-converting beam splitter configured to: splitting the first and second color lights into first and second color lights having polarization directions different from each other in the light beam from the fourth beam deflector, and splitting the second and second color lights into first and second color lights having polarization directions different from each other in the light beam from the fourth beam deflector; and a second polarizer configured to pass light having the one polarization direction among light beams from the fourth selective polarization conversion beam splitter, wherein the fourth selective polarization conversion beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization directions of the first and second color lights among the light beams from the fourth beam deflector by 45 degrees.

The beam deflecting layer further includes a fifth selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split third color light of the light beam received from the second polarizer into first third color light and second third color light having polarization directions different from each other; a fifth beam deflector configured to deflect the first third color light in the beam from the fifth selective polarization conversion beam splitter; a third selective polarization converter converting polarization directions of the first and second third color lights in the light beam from the fifth beam deflector; and a sixth beam deflector deflecting a second third color light in the beams from the third selective polarization converter, wherein the third color light, the first third color light, and the second third color light each have a third wavelength band different from the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band.

The fifth selective polarization converting beam splitter rotates the polarization direction of the third color light among the light beams from the second polarizer by 45 degrees.

The third selective polarization converter rotates the polarization directions of the fifth color light and the sixth color light in the light beam from the fifth beam deflector by 90 degrees.

The fifth beam deflector includes: a fifth horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect the first third color light in the light beam from the fifth selective polarization converting beam splitter; a fifth general polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first third color light and the second third color light in the light beam from the fifth horizontal deflector; and a fifth vertical deflector vertically deflecting the first third color light in the light beam from the fifth general polarization converter, the sixth beam deflector comprising: a sixth vertical deflector configured to vertically deflect the second third color light in the light beam from the third selective polarization converter; a sixth general polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first and second third color lights in the light beam from the sixth vertical deflector; a sixth horizontal deflector configured to horizontally deflect light of a second third color in the light beam from the sixth general polarization converter.

The beam deflecting layer further includes: a sixth selective polarization conversion beam splitter configured to split the first third color light in the light beam from the sixth beam deflector into first and second first and third color lights having polarization directions different from each other, and split the second third color light in the light beam from the sixth beam deflector into first and second and third color lights having polarization directions different from each other; and a third polarizer configured to pass light having the one polarization direction among the light beams from the sixth selective polarization conversion beam splitter, wherein the sixth selective polarization conversion beam splitter is further configured to rotate the polarization directions of the first and second third color lights among the light beams from the sixth beam deflector by 45 degrees.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a three-dimensional display device including: a light source configured to output light beams in a plurality of wavelength bands; and an optical beam deflection layer configured to deflect an optical beam; a controller configured to control a deflection direction of the light beam in the beam deflecting layer; and a spatial light modulator configured to form a holographic image by diffracting the light beam, wherein the beam deflecting layer includes: a first selective polarization converting beam splitter configured to split a first color light in a light beam into a first color light and a second first color, the first color light having a polarization direction different from the second first color light; a first beam deflector configured to deflect a first color light in a beam from the first selective polarization converting beam splitter; a first selective polarization converter configured to convert polarization directions of the first color light and the second first color light in the light beam from the first beam deflector; and a second beam deflector configured to deflect a second first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converter; wherein the first color light, the first color light, and the second first color light each have a first wavelength band.

The controller is further configured to control the optical beam deflection layer to focus the first portion of the optical beam towards a first location and to focus the second portion of the optical beam towards a second location different from the first location.

The three-dimensional display device further includes: a field lens provided between the beam deflection layer and the spatial light modulator, wherein the field lens is configured to focus a first portion of the light beam towards a first location and to focus a second portion of the light beam towards a second location different from the first location.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an optical beam deflection apparatus including: a first layer configured to split an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions; a second layer configured to deflect the first polarized light from the first layer in a first direction; a third layer configured to convert polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light; a fourth layer configured to deflect the second polarized light from the third layer in the second direction.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of performing beam deflection, the method comprising: splitting an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions; deflecting the first polarized light in a first direction; converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light after deflecting the first polarized light; after converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, the second polarized light is deflected in a second direction.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a control apparatus including: a memory storing one or more instructions, and a processor configured to execute the one or more instructions to control the beam deflector to: splitting an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions; deflecting the first polarized light in a first direction; converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light after deflecting the first polarized light; after converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light, the second polarized light is deflected in a second direction.

Drawings

The above and other aspects, features and advantages of certain embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a beam-deflecting layer according to an embodiment;

fig. 2A to 2C are conceptual views in a first direction of the beam deflection layer of fig. 1;

fig. 3A to 3C are conceptual views in a second direction of the beam deflection layer of fig. 1;

fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a 3D display device according to an embodiment; and

fig. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a 3D display device according to another embodiment.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. In this regard, the example embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments are described below to explain aspects by referring to the figures only. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. When a statement such as "at least one" follows a list of elements, the entire list of elements is modified and each element in the list is not modified.

Hereinafter, example embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The example embodiments of the inventive concept are capable of various modifications and of being embodied in many different forms. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements, and the size of each constituent element may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation.

When an element or layer is referred to as being "on" or "over" another element or layer, it can be directly on the other element or layer or intervening elements or layers.

The singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, when a part of the specification "includes", "includes" or "has" an element, it does not exclude other elements, but may further include other elements.

The term "above" and similar directional terms may apply to both the singular and the plural.

In the present disclosure, when it is described that light is deflected in one direction, the traveling direction of light may have a new or more component in the direction. For example, when light traveling in the third direction is deflected in the first direction, the light may travel in a direction based on a combination of the third direction and the first direction.

Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an optical beam deflection layer 1 according to an example embodiment. Fig. 2A to 2C are conceptual diagrams illustrating views of the beam-deflecting layer 1 of fig. 1 in the first direction DR 1. Fig. 3A to 3C are conceptual diagrams illustrating views of the beam-deflecting layer 1 of fig. 1 in the second direction DR 2.

Referring to fig. 1, 2A to 2C, and 3A to 3C, the beam deflection layer 1 may include a first sub-beam deflection layer BDL1, a second sub-beam deflection layer BDL2, a third sub-beam deflection layer BDL3, and a controller 10. The beam-deflecting layer 1 may receive the incident light beam IB and emit a first emitted light beam OB1 and a second emitted light beam OB 2. For example, the first emitted light beam OB1 and the second emitted light beam OB2 are output light beams. The beam deflecting layer 1 may generate a first emitted light beam OB1 and a second emitted light beam OB2 by splitting and deflecting the incident light beam 1B. In this way, the beam deflecting layer 1 can control the direction of travel of the first emitted light beam OB1 and the second emitted light beam OB 2. Furthermore, the beam deflecting layer 1 may focus the first emitted light beam OB1 and the second emitted light beam OB 2. For example, the beam deflecting layer 1 may focus the first emitted light beam OB1 and the second emitted light beam OB2 in a desired direction. According to an example embodiment, splitting may include splitting or separating light into two beams of light having different polarizations. According to an example embodiment, deflecting may comprise changing the direction of the light.

The optical beam IB may be incident on the first sub-beam deflection layer BDL1 in a third direction DR3 intersecting the first direction DR1 and the second direction DR 2. The optical beam IB may sequentially pass through the first sub-beam deflection layer BDL1, the second sub-beam deflection layer BDL2, and the third sub-beam deflection layer BDL 3. The light beam IB may include a first color light L1 having a first wavelength band, a second color light L2 having a second wavelength band, and a third color light L3 having a third wavelength band. The light beam may be light in which the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 are combined. The first wavelength band, the second wavelength band, and the third wavelength band may be different from each other. For example, the first, second, and third color lights L1, L2, and L3 may have red, green, and blue colors, respectively.

Each of the first, second and third color lights L1, L2 and L3 incident on the first sub-beam deflecting layer BDL1 may have the first polarization direction as shown in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or as shown in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3CThe first polarization direction as in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3CMay be parallel to the first direction DR 1. The first, second, and third color lights L1, L2, and L3 may be incident on the first sub-beam deflection layer BDL1 in the third direction DR 3. For example, the first direction DR1, the second direction DR2, and the third direction DR3 may be perpendicular to each other.

The first sub beam deflection layer BDL1 may include a 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111, a 1A horizontal deflector 211, a 1A universal polarization converter 311, a 1A vertical deflector 212, a first selective polarization converter 112, a 1B vertical deflector 221, a 1B universal polarization converter 312, a 1B horizontal deflector 222, a 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113, and a first polarizer 410. According to example embodiments, the elements of the first sub-beam deflecting layer BDL1 may be arranged in the third direction DR3, as shown in fig. 2A. The first, second, and third color lights L1, L2, and L3 may sequentially pass through the 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111, the 1A horizontal deflector 211, the 1A general polarization converter 311, the 1A vertical deflector 212, the first selective polarization converter 112, the 1B vertical deflector 221, the 1B general polarization converter 312, the 1B horizontal deflector 222, the 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113, and the first polarizer 410.

The 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111 and the 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113 may have selectivity with respect to the first wavelength band. The 1A selective polarization converting beam splitter 111 and the 1B selective polarization converting beam splitter 113 may rotate the polarization direction of light in the first wavelength band by 45 degrees. For example, the 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111 and the 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113 may include an optically anisotropic polymer or inorganic material having wavelength selectivity with respect to the first wavelength band. When the light in the first wavelength band before the polarization conversion has the x-degree polarization direction, the light in the first wavelength band after the polarization conversion may have the x + 45-degree polarization direction. The light in the first wavelength band having the polarization direction of x +45 degrees may be a combined light of the light in the wavelength band having the polarization direction of x degrees and the light in the wavelength band having the polarization direction of x +90 degrees. At this time, light in the first wavelength band having the x-degree polarization direction and light in the first wavelength band having the x + 90-degree polarization direction may have the same phase. The polarization direction rotation of 45 degrees for light having an arbitrary polarization direction may be substantially the same as splitting light into light having an arbitrary polarization direction and light having a polarization direction rotated 90 degrees from the arbitrary polarization direction. For example, the 1A selective polarization converting beam splitter 111 and the 1B selective polarization converting beam splitter 113 can split light in the first wavelength band having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C into light in the first wavelength band having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C and light in the first wavelength band having the second polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2CLight in a first wavelength band.

Furthermore, 1A selective polarization converting beam splitter 111 and 1B selective polarization converting beam splitter 113 may have a first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CIs split to have a first polarization direction in fig. 3A, 3B and 3CLight in the first wavelength band and light in the first wavelength band having the second polarization direction £ as shown in fig. 3A, 3B and 3C.

However, splitting light in the first wavelength band may represent splitting in the polarization direction rather than spatial splitting. Light in the first wavelength band having the split first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C and light having the second polarization direction in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2CMay have the same wavelength band (i.e., the first wavelength band) and the same phase. First polarization direction with splitting in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CThe light in the first wavelength band and the light in the first wavelength band having the second polarization direction £ in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C may have the same wavelength band (i.e., the first wavelength band) and the same phase. The 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111 and the 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113 may maintain the polarization directions of the second color light L2 having the second wavelength band and the third color light L3 having the third wavelength band.

The first selective polarization converter 112 may have selectivity with respect to a first wavelength band. The first selective polarization converter 112 may rotate the polarization direction of light in the first wavelength band by 90 degrees. For example, the first selective polarization converter 112 mayTo include an optically anisotropic polymer or inorganic material having wavelength selectivity with respect to a first wavelength band. The first selective polarization converter 112 may change the polarization direction of the light in the first wavelength band from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C to the second polarization direction in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2COr from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2CThe change to the first polarization direction £ in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2C. The first selective polarization converter 112 may convert the polarization direction of light in the first wavelength band from the first polarization direction in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C, or changing from the second polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CThe first selective polarization converter 112 may maintain the polarization direction of the second color light L2 having the second wavelength band and the polarization direction of the third color light L3 having the third wavelength band. That is, the first selective polarization converter 112 may change only the polarization direction of the first color light L1 having the first wavelength band while maintaining the polarization directions of the other color lights in the other wavelength bands.

The 1A vertical deflector 212 and the 1B vertical deflector 221 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3COf (2) is detected. Hereinafter, vertical deflection may refer to deflection in the first direction DR1 or a fifth direction DR5 opposite to the first direction DR 1. 1A horizontal deflector 2The 11 and 1B horizontal deflectors 222 can horizontally deflect a liquid crystal display having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3COf (2) is detected. Hereinafter, horizontal deflection may refer to deflection in the second direction DR2 or a fourth direction DR4 opposite to the second direction DR 2.

Each of the 1A, 1B, and 1B horizontal deflectors 211, 212, 221, and 222 may include lower substrates 211A, 212a, 221A, and 222a, lower electrodes 211B, 212B, 221B, and 222B, upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d, upper substrates 211e, 212e, 221e, and 222e, and liquid crystal layers 211c, 212c, 221c, and 222c, respectively. The 1A horizontal deflector 211 and the 1B horizontal deflector 222 may be substantially identical to each other. The 1A horizontal deflector 211 and the 1B horizontal deflector 222 may be different from the 1A vertical deflector 212 and the 1B vertical deflector 221 with respect to the arrangement direction of the lower electrodes 211B, 212B, 221B, and 222B.

According to example embodiments, the lower substrates 211a, 212a, 221a, and 222a and the upper substrates 211e, 212e, 221e, and 222e may include an insulating material. For example, the lower substrates 211a, 212a, 221a, and 222a and the upper substrates 211e, 212e, 221e, and 222e may include glass or transparent plastic. The lower substrates 211a, 212a, 221a and 222a and the upper substrates 211e, 212e, 221e and 222e may face each other.

The lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b may be provided on the lower substrates 211a, 212a, 221a, and 222 a. For example, the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b may be disposed on the upper surfaces of the lower substrates 211a, 212a, 221a, and 222 a. The lower electrode 211B of the 1A horizontal deflector 211 and the lower electrode 222B of the 1B horizontal deflector 222 may be arranged in a direction parallel to the second deflection direction. For example, the lower electrode 211B of the 1A horizontal deflector 211 and the lower electrode 222B of the 1B horizontal deflector 222 may be arranged in the second direction DR 2.

The lower electrode 212B of the 1A vertical deflector 212 and the lower electrode 221B of the 1B vertical deflector 221 may be arranged in a direction parallel to the first deflection direction. For example, the lower electrode 212B of the 1A vertical deflector 212 and the lower electrode 221B of the 1B vertical deflector 221 may be arranged in the first direction DR 1. The lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b may include a transparent conductive material. For example, the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b may include Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Indium Tin Zinc Oxide (ITZO), or a combination of these materials. The driving voltages may be applied to the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b by the controller 10, respectively. The magnitude and polarity of the driving voltage may be independently controlled by the controller 10.

The upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d may be provided under the upper substrates 211e, 212e, 221e, and 222 e. For example, the upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d may be disposed on the bottom surfaces of the upper substrates 211e, 212e, 221e, and 222 e. The upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d may face the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b, respectively. For example, the upper electrode layer may be a single electrode layer. The upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d may include a transparent conductive material. For example, the upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d may include Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), Indium Tin Zinc Oxide (ITZO), or a combination of these materials. The common voltage may be applied to the upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222d by the controller 10. The magnitude and polarity of the common voltage may be controlled by the controller 10.

The liquid crystal layers 211c, 212c, 221c, and 222c may be provided between the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b and the upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222 d. In one example, the liquid crystal layers 211c, 212c, 221c, and 222c may fill regions between the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222 b. The liquid crystal layers 211c, 212c, 221c, and 222c may include liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules may create an optical path conversion surface in the liquid crystal layer. The light path conversion surface may be an interface where a refractive index change occurs in the liquid crystal layer. The light path conversion surface may be formed as the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is changed due to the voltage difference between the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222b and the upper electrode layers 211d, 212d, 221d, and 222 d. Since the refractive index changes based on the optical path conversion surface, light is refracted while passing through the optical path conversion surface. Since the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the long axis direction is different from that in the short axis direction, an optical path conversion surface is formed. In other words, when light is incident on the liquid crystal molecules, the liquid crystal molecules may exhibit refractive indices different from each other with respect to light having polarization parallel to the long axis direction and light having polarization perpendicular to the long axis direction.

According to example embodiments, the shape or slope of the light path conversion surface may be determined by a driving voltage applied to the lower electrodes 211b, 212b, 221b, and 222 b. The lower electrode 211B of the 1A horizontal deflector 211 and the lower electrode 222B of the 1B horizontal deflector 222 may form an optical path conversion surface refracting light having a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2C in the liquid crystal layerOr refract light having the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in fig. 3A, 3B and 3C. Having a second polarization direction in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2COr the light of the second polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C can be horizontally deflected by the light path conversion surfaces formed in the 1A horizontal deflector 211 and the 1B horizontal deflector 222. The lower electrode 212B of the 1A vertical deflector 212 and the lower electrode 221B of the 1B vertical deflector 221 may form a light path conversion surface refracting light having the first polarization direction ^ in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or refracting light having the first polarization direction ^ in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C in the liquid crystal layerOf (2) is detected. Having the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CCan be horizontally deflected by the optical path conversion surfaces formed in the 1A vertical deflector 212 and the 1B vertical deflector 221. Since the driving voltage is controlled by the controller 10, the shape or slope of the optical path conversion surface can be controlledAnd the device 10.

The 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312 may convert the polarization direction of light incident on the 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312. The 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312 may not have selectivity for a wavelength band of light. That is, the 1A-general polarization converter 311 and the 1B-general polarization converter 312 may change the polarization direction regardless of the type of the wavelength band of light, i.e., the change is not based on the type of the wavelength band of light. For example, the 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312 may change the polarization direction of light having the first polarization direction |, as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, to the second polarization direction as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, among the light beams incident on the 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312And may have a second polarization direction as in fig. 2A, 2B and 2CThe polarization direction of the light is changed to the first deflection direction. Further, the 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312 may have a first polarization direction in fig. 3A, 3B and 3C among the light beams incident on the 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312The polarization direction of the light was changed to the second polarization direction as in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C, and the polarization direction of the light having the second polarization direction as in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3C was changed to the first polarization direction. For example, the 1A general polarization converter 311 and the 1B general polarization converter 312 may include a half-wave plate.

The first polarizer 410 can transmit only the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C among the light beams incident on the first polarizer 410Of (2) is detected. When the light beam incident on the first polarizer 410 has the second polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C perpendicular to the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2CAt this time, light may not have a component having the first polarization direction |, as shown in fig. 2A, 2B and 2C. In addition, the light beam incident on the first polarizer 410 has a first polarization direction perpendicular to that of fig. 3A, 3B, and 3CAs the second polarization direction as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the light may not have the first polarization direction as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe component (c). Thus, having the second polarization direction in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2COr light having the second polarization direction £ in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C may be blocked by the first polarizer 410.

Hereinafter, a process in which the optical beam passes through the first sub beam deflection layer BDL1 will be described.

A light beam including the first color light L1, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 may enter the 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111. The first, second and third color lights L1, L2 and L3 can have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C

The 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111 may split the first color light L1 having the first wavelength band to have the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2CThe 1A color light L1A and the 1B color light L1B having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C. Further, the 1A selective polarization converting beam splitter 111 may split the first color light L1 having the first wavelength band into the 1A color light L1A having the second polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C and the first polarization direction L1A having the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C1B color light L1B. The 1A selective polarization converting beam splitter 111 can maintain the polarization directions of the second color light L2 and the third color light L3 as the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or as the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CThe 1A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 111 may supply the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1A horizontal deflector 211.

The 1A horizontal deflector 211 may horizontally deflect the liquid crystal display device having the second polarization direction in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the light L1A of color 1A. For example, the 1A color light L1A may be deflected in the second direction DR2 by the 1A horizontal deflector 211. The 1A horizontal deflector 211 may supply the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1A general-purpose polarization converter 311.

The 1A general-purpose polarization converter 311 can change the polarization directions of the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3. For example, the 1A general polarization converter 311 may adjust the polarization directions of the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. For example, the 1A general polarization converter 311 may convert the polarization direction of the 1A color light L1A from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 1A general polarization converter 311 may supply the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1A vertical deflector 212.

The 1A vertical deflector 212 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C1A color light L1A. For example, the 1A color light L1A may be deflected in the first direction DR1 by the 1A vertical deflector 212. The 1A vertical deflector 212 may provide the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the first selective polarization converter 112.

The first selective polarization converter 112 may change the polarization directions of the 1A color light L1A and the 1B color light L1B having the first wavelength band. For example, the first selective polarization converter 112 can adjust the polarization direction of the 1A color light L1A from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CChange to fig. 2A, fig2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. For example, the first selective polarization converter 112 may convert the polarization direction of the 1B color light L1B from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe first selective polarization converter 112 may maintain the polarization directions of the second color light L2 and the third color light L3 at the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. The first selective polarization converter 112 may provide the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1B vertical deflector 221.

The 1B vertical deflector 221 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C1B color light L1B. For example, the 1B color light L1B may be deflected in the fifth direction DR5 by the 1B vertical deflector 221. The 1B vertical deflector 221 may provide the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1B general polarization converter 312.

The 1B general-purpose polarization converter 312 can change the polarization directions of the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3. For example, the 1B universal polarization converter 312 may convert the 1A color light L1A, the second color light L2, and the third color light L2The polarization direction of the color light L3 is from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CFor example, the 1B general polarization converter 312 can adjust the polarization direction of the 1B color light L1B from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. The 1B universal polarization converter 312 may provide the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1B horizontal deflector 222.

The 1B horizontal deflector 222 may horizontally deflect a beam having the second polarization direction in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the 1B color light L1B. For example, the 1B color light L1B may be deflected in the fourth direction DR4 by the 1B horizontal deflector 222. The 1B horizontal deflector 222 may provide the 1A color light L1A, the 1B color light L1B, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 to the 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113.

The 1B selective polarization converting beam splitter 113 can split the 1A color light L1A having the first wavelength band into the light having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C1Aa color light L1Aa and having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the 1Ab color light L1 Ab. The 1B selective polarization converting beam splitter 113 can split the 1B color light L1B having the first wavelength band into light having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CAnd having a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the color light L1Bb of 1 Bb. The 1B selective polarization converting beam splitter 113 can maintain the polarization direction of the second color light L2 and the polarization direction of the third color light L3 as the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or as the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 1B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 113 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ab color light L1Ab, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 1Bb color light L1Bb, and second color light L2 and third color light L3 to the first polarizer 410.

The first polarizer 410 may transmit light having a first polarization direction. For example, the first polarizer 410 may transmit 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, second color light L2, and third color light L3.

The first sub-beam deflecting layer BDL1 may split the first color light L1 into 1Aa color light L1Aa and 1Ba color light L1Ba deflected in different directions from each other. The first sub-beam deflection layer BDL1 may not deflect the second color light L2 and the third color light L3.

The second sub beam deflection layer BDL2 may include a 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121, a 2A horizontal deflector 231, a 2A universal polarization converter 321, and a 2A vertical deflector 232, a second selective polarization converter 122, a 2B vertical deflector 241, a 2B universal polarization converter 322, a 2B horizontal deflector 242, a 2B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 123, and a second polarizer 420. The constituent elements of the second sub-beam deflecting layer BDL2 may be arranged in the third direction DR 3. The 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 may sequentially pass through the 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121, the 2A horizontal deflector 231, the 2A universal polarization converter 321, the 2A vertical deflector 232, the second selective polarization converter 122, the 2B vertical deflector 241, the 2B universal polarization converter 322, the 2B horizontal deflector 242, the 2B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 123, and the second polarizer 420.

The 2A horizontal deflector 231, the 2A universal polarization converter 321, the 2A vertical deflector 232, the 2B vertical deflector 241, the 2B universal polarization converter 322, the 2B horizontal deflector 242, and the second polarizer 420 may be substantially the same as the 1A horizontal deflector 211, the 1A universal polarization converter 311, the 1A vertical deflector 212, the 1B vertical deflector 221, the 1B universal polarization converter 312, the 1B horizontal deflector 222, and the first polarizer 410, respectively, described above. For simplicity of explanation, descriptions of the 2A horizontal deflector 231, the 2A universal polarization converter 321, the 2A vertical deflector 232, the 2B vertical deflector 241, and the 2B universal polarization converter 322, the 2B horizontal deflector 242, and the second polarizer 420 are omitted.

The 2A selective polarization converting beam splitter 121 and the 2B selective polarization converting beam splitter 123 may have selectivity with respect to the second wavelength band. The 2A selective polarization converting beam splitter 121 and the 2B selective polarization converting beam splitter 123 may rotate the polarization direction of light in the second wavelength band by 45 degrees. For example, the 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121 and the 2B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 123 may include an optically anisotropic polymer or inorganic material having wavelength selectivity with respect to the second wavelength band. For example, the 2A selective polarization converting beam splitter 121 and the 2B selective polarization converting beam splitter 123 may have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CLight in the second wavelength band is split to have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3CAnd has a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. However, splitting light in the second wavelength band may represent splitting in the polarization direction rather than spatial splitting. Having the first polarization direction of splitting as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CAnd has a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the light in the second wavelength band whose second polarization direction £ in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C may have the same wavelength band (i.e., the second wavelength band) and the same phase. The 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121 and the 2B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 123 may maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa and the 1Ba color light L1Ba having the first wavelength band and the polarization direction of the third color light L3 having the third wavelength band.

The second selective polarization converter 122 may have selectivity with respect to a second wavelength band. The second selective polarization converter 122 may rotate the polarization direction of light in the second wavelength band by 90 degrees. For example, the second selective polarization converter 122 may include an optically anisotropic polymer or inorganic material having wavelength selectivity with respect to the second wavelength band. The second selective polarization converter 122 may convert the polarization direction of light in the second wavelength band from fig. 2A, fig. 2bThe first polarization direction in FIGS. 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction £ in fig. 3A, 3B and 3C, or the second polarization direction from fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe second selective polarization converter 122 may maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa and the 1Ba color light L1Ba having the first wavelength band and the polarization direction of the third color light L3 having the third wavelength band.

Hereinafter, a process in which the optical beam passes through the second sub beam deflection layer BDL2 will be described.

A light beam including the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 may enter the 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121. The 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the second color light L2, and the third color light L3 may have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C

The 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121 may split the second color light L2 having the second wavelength band to have the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3The 2A color light L2A having the second polarization direction [ ] in C and the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C2B color light L2B. The 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121 can maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba and the third color light L3 as the first polarization direction in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3CThe 2A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 121 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2A horizontal deflector 231.

The 2A horizontal deflector 231 may horizontally deflect the polarization having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the 2A color light L2A. For example, the 2A color light L2A may be deflected in the second direction DR2 by the 2A horizontal deflector 231. The 2A horizontal deflector 231 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2A general-purpose polarization converter 321.

The 2A general-purpose polarization converter 321 can change the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3. For example, the 2A general polarization converter 321 can adjust the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2B color light L2B and the third color light L3 from the first polarization direction ≧ in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. For example, the 2A general polarization converter 321 may convert the polarization direction of the 2A color light L2A from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 2A general-purpose polarization converter 321 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2A vertical deflector 232.

The 2A vertical deflector 232 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C2A color light L2A. For example, the 2A color light L2A may be deflected in the first direction DR1 by the 2A vertical deflector 232. The 2A vertical deflector 232 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the second selective polarization converter 122.

The second selective polarization converter 122 may change the polarization directions of the 2A color light L2A and the 2B color light L2B having the second wavelength band. For example, the second selective polarization converter 122 can adjust the polarization direction of the 2A color light L2A from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. For example, second selective polarization converter 122 may polarize 2B color light L2B from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe second selective polarization converter 122 may maintain the polarization directions of the first Aa color light L1Aa, the first Ba color light L1Ba, and the third color light L3 at the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. The second selective polarization converter 122 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2B vertical deflector 241.

The 2B vertical deflector 241 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C2B color light L2B. For example, the 2B color light L2B may be deflected in the fifth direction DR5 by the 2B vertical deflector 241. The 2B vertical deflector 241 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2B general-purpose polarization converter 322.

The 2B-general polarization converter 322 can change the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3. For example, the 2B-general polarization converter 322 may convert the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, and the third color light L3 from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2CTo the direction ofOr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CFor example, the 2B general polarization converter 322 can adjust the polarization direction of the 2B color light L2B from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. The 2B-general polarization converter 322 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2B horizontal deflector 242.

The 2B horizontal deflector 242 may horizontally deflect the beam having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, 2B color light L2B. For example, the 2B color light L2B may be deflected in the fourth direction DR4 by the 2B horizontal deflector 242. The 2B horizontal deflector 242 may supply the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2A color light L2A, the 2B color light L2B, and the third color light L3 to the 2B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 123.

The 2B selective polarization converting beam splitter 123 can split the 2A color light L2A having the second wavelength band into the light having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C2Aa color light L2Aa and having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] 2Ab color light L2Ab in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C. The 2B selective polarization converting beam splitter 123 can split the 2B color light L2B having the second wavelength band to have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CAnd 2Ba color light L2Ba having a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the 2Bb color light L2 Bb. The 2B selective polarization converting beam splitter 123 can maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba and the third color light L3 as the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ C ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 2B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 123 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ab color light L2Ab, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 2Bb color light L2Bb, and third color light L3 to the second polarizer 420.

The second polarizer 420 may transmit light having the first polarization direction. For example, the second polarizer 420 may transmit 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, and third color light L3.

The second sub-beam deflecting layer BDL2 may split the second color light L2 into 2Aa color light L2Aa and 2Ba color light L2Ba deflected in different directions from each other. The second sub-beam deflecting layer BDL2 may not deflect the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, and the third color light L3. The traveling directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa and the 2Aa color light L2Aa may be substantially the same. The traveling directions of the 1Ba color light L1Ba and the second Ba color light L2Ba may be substantially the same.

The third sub beam deflection layer (BDL3) may include a 3A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 131, a 3A horizontal deflector 251, a 3A universal polarization converter 331, a 3A vertical deflector 252, a third selective polarization converter 132, a 3B vertical deflector 261, a 3B universal polarization converter 332, a 3B horizontal deflector 262, a 3B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 133, and a third polarizer 430. The constituent elements of the third sub-beam deflection layer BDL3 may be arranged in the third direction DR 3. The first, second, and third color lights L1, L2, and L3 may sequentially pass through the 3A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 131, the 3A horizontal deflector 251, the 3A general polarization transformer 331, the 3A vertical deflector 252, the third selective polarization converter 132, the 3B vertical deflector 261, the 3B general polarization converter 332, the 3B horizontal deflector 262, the 3B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 133, and the third polarizer 430.

The 3A horizontal deflector 251, the 3A universal polarization converter 331, the 3A vertical deflector 252, the 3B vertical deflector 261, the 3B universal polarization converter 332, the 3B horizontal deflector 262, and the third polarizer 430 may be substantially identical to the 1A horizontal deflector 211, the 1A universal polarization converter 311, the 1A vertical deflector 212, the 1B vertical deflector 221, the 1B universal polarization converter 312, the 1B horizontal deflector 222, and the first polarizer 410, respectively, described above. For the sake of simplicity of description, descriptions of the 3A horizontal deflector 251, the 3A universal polarization converter 331, the 3A vertical deflector 252, the 3B vertical deflector 261, and the 3B universal polarization converter 332, the 3B horizontal deflector 262, and the third polarizer 430 are omitted.

The 3A selective polarization converting beam splitter 131 and the 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 may have selectivity with respect to the third wavelength band. The 3A selective polarization converting beam splitter 131 and the 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 may rotate the polarization direction of light in the third wavelength band by 45 degrees. For example, the 3A selective polarization converting beam splitter 131 and the 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 may include an optically anisotropic polymer or inorganic material having wavelength selectivity with respect to the third wavelength band. For example, the 3A selective polarization converting beam splitter 131 and the 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 mayHaving the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CLight in the third wavelength band is split to have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B, and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B, and FIG. 3CAnd has a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. However, splitting light in the third wavelength band may represent splitting in the polarization direction rather than spatial splitting. Having the first polarization direction of splitting as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CAnd has a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the light in the third wavelength band whose second polarization direction £ in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C may have the same wavelength band (i.e., the third wavelength band) and the same phase. The 3A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 131 and the 3B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 133 can maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa and the 1Ba color light L1Ba having the first wavelength band and the polarization directions of the 2Aa color light L2Aa and the 2Ba color light L2Ba having the second wavelength band.

The third selective polarization converter 132 may be selective with respect to the third wavelength band. The third selective polarization converter 132 may rotate the polarization direction of light in the third wavelength band by 90 degrees. For example, the third selective polarization converter 132 may include a wavelength-selective filter with respect to a third wavelengthOptically anisotropic polymers or inorganic materials with wavelength selectivity. The third selective polarization converter 132 may adjust the polarization direction of the light in the third wavelength band from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction £ in fig. 3A, 3B and 3C, or the second polarization direction from fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe third selective polarization converter 132 may maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa and the 1Ba color light L1Ba having the first wavelength band and the polarization directions of the 2Aa color light L2Aa and the 2Ba color light L2Ba having the second wavelength band.

Hereinafter, a process in which the optical beam passes through the third sub beam deflection layer BDL3 will be described.

A light beam including 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, and third color light L3 may enter the 3A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 131. The 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, the 2Ba color light L2Ba and the third color light L3 may have the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C

The 3A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 131 may split the third color light L having the third wavelength band3 into a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the light L3A of the 3A color having the second polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C and having the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C3B color light L3B. The 3A selective polarization converting beam splitter 131 can maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa and the 2Ba color light L2Ba at the first polarization directions in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 3A selective polarization conversion beam splitter 131 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the 3A horizontal deflector 251.

The 3A horizontal deflector 251 may horizontally deflect a beam having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C, the light L3A of color 3A. For example, the 3A color light L3A may be deflected in the second direction DR2 by the 3A horizontal deflector 251. The 3A horizontal deflector 251 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the 3A universal polarization converter 331.

The 3A general-purpose polarization converter 331 can change the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, the 2Ba color light L2Ba, the 3A color light L3A, and the 3B color light L3B. For example, the 3A universal polarization converter 331 may convert the polarization direction of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, the 2Ba color light L2Ba, and the 3B color light L3B from the first polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2CAs well as the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. For example, the 3A general polarization converter 331 may convert the polarization direction of the 3A color light L3A from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 3A general-purpose polarization converter 331 can supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the 3A vertical deflector 252.

The 3A vertical deflector 252 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 3A color light L3A. For example, the 3A color light L3A may be deflected in the first direction DR1 by the 3A vertical deflector 252. The 3A vertical deflector 252 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the third selective polarization converter 132.

The third selective polarization converter 132 may change the polarization directions of the 3A color light L3A and the 3B color light L3B having the third wavelength band. For example, the third selective polarization converter 132 may adjust the polarization direction of the 3A color light L3A from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CDirection of polarizationChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. For example, the third selective polarization converter 132 may convert the polarization direction of the 3B color light L3B from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe third selective polarization converter 132 maintains the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, and the 2Ba color light L2Ba at the second polarization directions in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. The third selective polarization converter 132 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the 3B vertical deflector 261.

The 3B vertical deflector 261 can vertically deflect the liquid crystal display device having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C3B color light L3B. For example, the 3B color light L3B may be deflected in the fifth direction DR5 by the 3B vertical deflector 261. The 3B vertical deflector 261 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the 3B general polarization conversionAnd 332.

The 3B general-purpose polarization converter 332 can change the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, the 2Ba color light L2Ba, the 3A color light L3A, and the 3B color light L3B. For example, the 3B general-purpose polarization converter 332 may convert the polarization direction of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, the 2Ba color light L2Ba, and the 3A color light from the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C is changed to the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction as in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CFor example, the 3B general polarization converter 332 can adjust the polarization direction of the 3B color light L3B from the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3CChanging to the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] as shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3C. The 3B general-purpose polarization converter 332 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3A color light L3A, and 3B color light L3B to the 3B horizontal deflector 262.

The 3B horizontal deflector 262 may horizontally deflect the beam having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] 3B color light L3B in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C. For example, the 3B color light L3B may be deflected in the fourth direction DR4 by the 3B horizontal deflector 262. The 3B horizontal deflector 262 may emit 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba. The 3A color light L3A and the 3B color light L3B are supplied to the 3B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 133.

The 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 can split the 3A color light L3A having the third wavelength band into the light having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C or the first polarization direction in FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B and FIG. 3CAnd 3Aa color light L3Aa having the second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] 3Ab color light L3Ab in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C. The 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 can split the 3B color light L3B having the third wavelength band into the light having the first polarization direction [ ] in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or the first polarization direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CAnd 3Ba color light L3Ba having a second polarization direction in fig. 2A, 2B and 2COr the second polarization direction [ ] 3Bb color light L3Bb in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C. The 3B selective polarization converting beam splitter 133 can maintain the polarization directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa and the 2Ba color light L2Ba at the first polarization directions in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C or in FIGS. 3A, 3B and 3CThe 3B selective polarization conversion beam splitter 133 may supply 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3Aa color light L3Aa, 3Ab color light L3Ab, 3Ba color light L3Ba, and 3Bb color light L3Bb to the third polarizer 430.

The third polarizer 430 may transmit light having the first polarization direction. For example, the third polarizer 430 may transmit 1Aa color light L1Aa, 1Ba color light L1Ba, 2Aa color light L2Aa, 2Ba color light L2Ba, 3Aa color light L3Aa, 3Ba color light L3 Ba.

The third sub-beam deflecting layer BDL3 may split the third color light L3 into 3Aa color light L3Aa and 3Ba color light L3Ba deflected in different directions from each other. The third sub-beam deflecting layer BDL3 may not deflect the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, and the 2Ba color light L2 Ba. The traveling directions of the 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, and the 3Aa color light L3Aa may be substantially the same. The 1Aa color light L1Aa, the 2Aa color light L2Aa, and the 3Aa color light L3Aa may be referred to as a first emission light beam OB 1. The traveling directions of the 1Ba color light L1Ba, the 2Ba color light L2Ba, and the 3Ba color light L3Ba may be substantially the same. The 1Ab color light L1Ab, the 2Ab color light L2Ab, and the 3Ab color light L3Ab may be referred to as a second emission light beam OB 2.

Fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a three-dimensional (3D) display device 1000 according to an embodiment. For the sake of brevity of description, a description substantially the same as that given with reference to fig. 1, 2A to 2C, and 3A to 3C may be omitted.

The 3D display device 1000 may include: a light source 1100 configured to provide a coherent light beam comprising a plurality of wavelength bands; a light guide unit 1200 configured to guide light from the light source 1100 and guide the light to the spatial light modulator 1500; a light beam deflecting layer 1300 for deflecting light from the light source 1100; a controller 10 configured to control a deflection direction of light in the beam deflecting layer 1300; a field lens 1400 for focusing the hologram image on a designated space; and a spatial light modulator 1500 configured to form a holographic image by diffracting incident light. According to an example embodiment, the designated space may be a predetermined space.

According to an example embodiment, the controller 10 may include a processor and Random Access Memory (RAM). The processor may include a central processing unit or microprocessor, etc., and may control the overall operation of the memory controller. The processor may communicate with the memory device 10 through a memory interface. The processor may use the RAM as an operating memory, a cache memory, or a buffer memory to control the storage device.

The beam-deflecting layer 1300 may include the beam-deflecting layer 1 of fig. 1, 2A-2C, and 3A-3C.

Light emitted from the light source 1100 is guided by the light guide unit 1200 and enlarged to a size corresponding to the spatial light modulator 1500, and is incident on the beam deflecting layer 1300 as an incident beam IB. The beam deflecting layer 1300 may deflect the direction of incident light in a desired direction, for example, in a direction toward the left eye of the user and a direction toward the right eye of the user. To form directional light, light incident on the beam deflecting layer 1300 may be simultaneously deflected in two directions different from each other by the controller 10.

The two directional light beams (i.e., the first and second emission light beams OB1 and OB2) emitted through the beam deflecting layer 1300 enter the spatial light modulator 1500 through the field lens 1400. The spatial light modulator 1500 forms a hologram pattern having interference fringes for modulating incident light. The hologram image can be reproduced at a position on a predetermined space by diffracting and modulating incident light by the hologram pattern formed in the spatial light modulator 1500. The left-eye holographic image may be reproduced at a left-eye position and the right-eye holographic image may be reproduced at a right-eye position.

The 3D display device 1000 of fig. 4 may further include an eye tracking sensor that tracks the position of the left eye and the position of the right eye of the user. For example, the controller 10 may control the eye tracking sensor to track the left eye position and the right eye position of the user by using the eye tracking sensor to emit the light beams deflected to the respective positions.

Fig. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a 3D display apparatus 2000 according to another example embodiment. For the sake of simplicity of description, differences from those described with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2A to 2C, fig. 3A to 3C, and fig. 4 will be described.

The 3D display device 2000 may include: a light source 2100 configured to provide a coherent light beam comprising a plurality of wavelength bands; a light guide unit 2200 configured to guide light from the light source 2100 and guide the light to the spatial light modulator 2400; a light beam deflecting layer 2300 for deflecting light from the light source 2100; a controller 10 configured to control a deflection direction of light in the beam deflecting layer 2300; and a spatial light modulator 2400 configured to form a hologram image by diffracting incident light.

Unlike the 3D display device 1000 of fig. 4, the beam deflecting layer 2300 may focus the first and second emission light beams OB1 and OB2, respectively, at different positions from each other. For example, the light beam deflecting layer 2300 may deflect the first and second emission light beams OB1 and OB2 in directions toward the left and right eyes of the user, respectively, and may be focused on the left and right eyes. Accordingly, without the field lens 1400 shown in fig. 4, a left-eye hologram image may be reproduced at a left-eye position, and a right-eye hologram image may be reproduced at a right-eye position.

The 3D display device 2000 of fig. 5 may further include an eye tracking sensor that tracks a left eye position and a right eye position of the user. For example, the controller 10 may control the eye tracking sensor to emit the light beams deflected to the respective positions by tracking the left and right eye positions of the user using the eye tracking sensor.

The present disclosure may provide a beam deflecting layer that deflects a beam including lights having wavelength bands different from each other.

The present disclosure may provide a 3D display device having a beam deflector that deflects a beam including lights having wavelength bands different from each other.

According to an example embodiment, the present disclosure may provide a method of performing beam deflection. The method can comprise the following steps: splitting an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions; deflecting the first polarized light in a first direction;

the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light are converted after deflecting the first polarized light, and the second polarized light is deflected in the second direction after converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.

According to an example embodiment, the present disclosure may provide a control apparatus. The control device may include: a memory storing one or more instructions; and a processor configured to execute the one or more instructions to control the beam deflector to: dividing an incident light beam into first polarized light and second polarized light, the first polarized light and the second polarized light having a first wavelength band and having different polarization directions, deflecting the first polarized light in the first direction, and converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light after deflecting the first polarized light; and deflecting the second polarized light in a second direction after converting the polarization directions of the first polarized light and the second polarized light.

However, the effects of the inventive concept may not be limited to the above disclosure.

It should be understood that the example embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. The description of features or aspects in each example embodiment should generally be considered as applicable to other similar features or aspects in other example embodiments. Although one or more example embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the following claims.

This application is based on and claims priority from korean patent application No. 10-2020-0056153 filed in the korean intellectual property office at 11/5/2020, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.