阅读说明：本技术 一种自动调节光照的养殖设备及系统 (Automatic adjust irradiant cultured equipment and system ) 是由 马朔昕 于 2021-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种自动调节光照的养殖设备及系统,包括透射率可变的外壳、人工光源、光电传感器和控制器；所述透射率可变的外壳选择性允许环境光对系统内照射而控制养殖设备内的光照特性；所述人工光源利用人工光照改变养殖设备内的光照特性；所述光电传感器布置在养殖设备内部和外部,以检测环境光和人工光源的强度;所述控制器根据预设的程序或光电传感器反馈,控制外壳的透射率和人工光源的强度,以控制设备内实现预先设定的光照特性。上述养殖设备和系统通过充分利用各方向、各频段环境光,并补充以人工光源,以低功耗实现准确而灵活的养殖光照控制。(The invention relates to a cultivation device and a cultivation system capable of automatically adjusting illumination, which comprise a shell with variable transmissivity, an artificial light source, a photoelectric sensor and a controller, wherein the artificial light source is arranged on the shell; the variable transmittance enclosure selectively allows ambient light to shine into the system to control lighting characteristics within the farming equipment; the artificial light source changes the illumination characteristics in the culture equipment by using artificial illumination; the controller controls the transmissivity of the shell and the intensity of the artificial light source according to a preset program or feedback of the photoelectric sensor so as to control the inside of the device to realize preset illumination characteristics. According to the culture equipment and the culture system, the accurate and flexible culture illumination control is realized with low power consumption by fully utilizing the ambient light in all directions and all frequency bands and supplementing an artificial light source.)

1. An automatic adjust irradiant aquaculture apparatus, comprising:

the device comprises a variable-transmissivity shell, an artificial light source, a photoelectric sensor and a controller;

the shell with variable transmissivity consists of a plurality of shell blocks, the transmissivity spectrum characteristics of each shell block can be different, and the transmissivity is independently controlled by the signals of the controller, so that the transmitted ambient light can be adjusted according to the control signals, and the illumination time period, the intensity, the spatial distribution and the spectrum characteristics in the cultivation equipment are changed;

the artificial light source changes the illumination time period, intensity, spatial distribution and spectral characteristics in the culture equipment by using artificial illumination;

the photoelectric sensors are arranged inside and outside the cultivation equipment to detect the intensity of the ambient light and the artificial light source;

the controller controls the transmittance of the housing and the intensity of the artificial light source according to a preset program or the feedback of the photoelectric sensor so as to control the preset illumination time period, intensity, spatial distribution and spectral characteristics in the device.

2. The farming equipment of claim 1, wherein: the artificial light source consists of a light source with controllable emission frequency or a plurality of light sources with different emission frequencies, is distributed at a plurality of positions in the culture equipment and is controlled and started by a signal to compensate the illumination of the ambient light at a certain time period, a certain area and a certain frequency band.

3. The farming equipment of claim 1, the photosensors being distributed at a plurality of locations within and outside the farming equipment and being operable to measure illumination of different areas within the farming equipment;

the controller not only acquires the reading of each photoelectric sensor, but also calculates the weighted sum comprising a plurality of weighted weight combinations so as to obtain the illumination intensity and the spectrum characteristics of the internal and external angular orientations of the culture equipment.

4. The farming equipment of claim 1, wherein: the controller can adjust the transmittance and the intensity of the artificial light source based on the difference value between the reading of the sensor and a preset curve at a single measurement time point, can also calculate the difference value between the illumination state and the change curve in the culture equipment at each measurement time point, and can calculate the change curve of the difference value along with the time through a preset conversion formula to convert the change curve into a subsequent change plan for adjusting the transmittance and supplementing the illumination intensity.

5. The farming equipment of claim 1, wherein the ambient light characteristic and the artificial light source characteristic can be read by the photoelectric sensor respectively;

when reading the ambient light characteristics, temporarily turning off the artificial light source to avoid interference; temporarily minimizing the housing transmittance while reading the artificial light source characteristics to avoid interference.

6. An automatically adjusting lighting cultivation system, comprising: the device comprises a shell transmissivity control module, an artificial light source control module, a photoelectric sensor module, a storage module and a calculation module;

the shell transmittance control module is suitable for controlling the transmittance of different areas of the culture system shell so as to change the time period, the intensity, the spatial distribution and the spectral characteristics of the ambient light transmitted through the shell;

the artificial light source control module is suitable for controlling the brightness and the spectral characteristics of the artificial light source;

the photoelectric sensor module is suitable for reading the illumination intensity inside and outside the culture system;

the storage module is suitable for storing preset and actually measured parameters of the lighting effect, including time period, intensity, spatial distribution and time-varying curves of the spectrum;

the calculation module is suitable for calculating and predicting the internal and external illumination effects of the culture system and calculating the control parameters of the shell transmissivity control module and the artificial light source control module.

7. The farming system of claim 6, wherein:

the method for calculating the illumination space distribution and the frequency spectrum characteristic by the calculating module comprises the following steps: carrying out weighted summation on each photoelectric sensor;

the illumination effect calculated by the calculation module comprises: the illumination period, intensity, spatial distribution and spectral characteristics.

8. The farming system of claim 6, wherein: the calculation module calculates the difference between the curve of the actual lighting effect changing along with the time and the curve stored by the storage module, and sets the subsequent control signal plan according to the difference.

9. The farming system of claim 8, wherein: the method of calculating the subsequent control signal plan from the difference between the curves is: at a time point t, the differences of the curves are weighted and summed to obtain a cumulative difference valueMultiplying the accumulated interpolation value by the correction coefficient beta to obtain the illumination value to be compensated of the next time point t +1；

Illumination value to be compensatedAnd planned light valuesIs the target illumination value at the time point of t +1；

Comparing target illumination valuesAnd predicting the illumination value, and if the target illumination value is higher, increasing the light transmittance of the shell or increasing the intensity of the artificial light source according to the difference ratio;

and if the target illumination value is lower, the light transmittance of the shell is reduced or the intensity of the artificial light source is reduced according to the interpolation proportion.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting and breeding, in particular to a breeding method, a system and equipment capable of automatically adjusting illumination.

Background

A semi-closed or closed culture system with quantifiable process and adaptive response to environmental changes is one of the development directions of modern culture. In the cultivation of high-net-value plants, animals or microorganisms, the time cost is generally higher than that of the cultivation environment and equipment, wherein the types sensitive to light are particularly representative: the growth rate and the quality of a plurality of animals and plants can be obviously improved by optimizing the illumination time length and the illumination frequency spectrum. Illumination can be passively received from sunlight in the environment, and can also be actively generated from an artificial light source.

Although the existing culture system capable of automatically adjusting the illumination has various functions, the defects of the method can not completely achieve the optimized culture yield with low energy consumption and high yield. For example; .

The incubator provided by the invention CN201711079902.9 and the like can not irradiate by using natural environment light, and needs to consume more energy to meet the requirement of illumination; .

The light supplement methods proposed by the inventions CN201010529814.6 and CN202011580348.4 do not fully adjust the spectrum of natural illumination. Cloth, can only supplement the deficiency of the specific wavelength in the natural illumination through the artificial light source and can not inhibit the specific wavelength from being excessive; .

The light supplementing and shielding methods proposed by inventions CN201910140097.9, CN201810839379.3, CN201810422151.4, CN202010741943.5, CN202010540001.0 and the like rely on mechanical control to shield the optical path at a fixed position, and cannot utilize or shield ambient light to illuminate any area as required; .

The methods provided by the invention CN201810389330.2, CN201710624254.4 and the like require an additional collecting-irradiating process, on one hand, the collector is difficult to cover the whole culture system, so that the illumination of the uncovered area is wasted, on the other hand, the collecting efficiency is generally very low due to the photoelectric effect principle, and high-proportion manual light supplement is required, so that the energy consumption is caused.

To summarize, commercially available and other disclosed designs suffer from one or more of the following drawbacks: .

Energy-efficiency, natural environment light irradiation cannot be efficiently utilized; .

In the frequency domain, a specific frequency band of natural ambient light cannot be selected; .

Spatially, natural illumination cannot be automatically directed to produce arbitrarily distributed illumination/shaded regions, as well as spectral characteristics within the region.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a cultivation device and a cultivation system capable of automatically adjusting illumination are provided.

A cultivation device capable of automatically adjusting illumination comprises a shell with variable transmissivity, an artificial light source, a photoelectric sensor and a controller; .

The shell with variable transmissivity consists of a plurality of shell blocks, the transmissivity spectrum characteristics of each shell block can be different, and the transmissivity is independently controlled by the signals of the controller, so that the transmitted ambient light can be adjusted according to the control signals, and the illumination time period, the intensity, the spatial distribution and the spectrum characteristics in the cultivation equipment are changed; .

The artificial light source changes the illumination characteristics in the culture equipment by using artificial illumination; .

The photoelectric sensors are arranged inside and outside the cultivation equipment to detect the intensity of the ambient light and the artificial light source;

the controller controls the transmittance of the shell and the intensity of the artificial light source according to a preset program or the feedback of the photoelectric sensor so as to control the inside of the device to realize preset illumination characteristics.

In the cultivation device of the present invention, the artificial light source is composed of a light source with controllable emission frequency or a plurality of light sources with different emission frequencies, is distributed at a plurality of positions in the cultivation device, and is controlled and started by a signal to compensate the illumination of the ambient light at a certain time period, a certain area and a certain frequency band.

In the cultivation device, the photoelectric sensors are distributed at a plurality of positions inside and outside the cultivation device, and can measure the illumination of different areas inside the cultivation device; the controller not only acquires the reading of each photoelectric sensor, but also calculates the weighted sum comprising a plurality of weighted weight combinations so as to obtain the illumination intensity and the spectrum characteristics of the internal and external angular orientations of the culture equipment.

In the cultivation device of the present invention, the controller may adjust the transmittance and the artificial light source intensity based on a difference between a reading of the sensor at a single measurement time point and a preset curve, or may calculate a difference between an illumination state and a variation curve in the cultivation device at each measurement time point, and calculate a variation curve of the difference with time through a preset conversion formula to convert the variation curve into a variation plan of the subsequent transmittance adjustment and the supplementary illumination intensity.

In the cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the ambient light characteristic and the artificial light source characteristic can be read by the photoelectric sensor. When reading the ambient light characteristics, temporarily turning off the artificial light source to avoid interference; temporarily minimizing the housing transmittance while reading the artificial light source characteristics to avoid interference.

An automatically adjusting lighting farming system, comprising: the device comprises a shell transmissivity control module, an artificial light source control module, a photoelectric sensor module, a storage module and a calculation module; .

The shell transmittance control module is suitable for controlling the transmittance of different areas of the culture system shell so as to change the time period, the intensity, the spatial distribution and the spectral characteristics of the ambient light transmitted through the shell; .

The artificial light source control module is suitable for controlling the brightness and the spectral characteristics of the artificial light source; .

The photoelectric sensor module is suitable for reading the illumination intensity inside and outside the culture system; .

The storage module is adapted to store preset and actually measured parameters of the lighting effect, including time periods, intensities, spatial distributions and time-varying curves of the spectrum.

The calculation module is suitable for calculating and predicting the internal and external illumination effects of the culture system and calculating the control parameters of the shell transmissivity control module and the artificial light source control module.

In the above-mentioned cultivation system of the present invention, the method for calculating the spatial distribution and spectral characteristics of illumination by the calculation module comprises: carrying out weighted summation on each photoelectric sensor; the illumination effect calculated by the calculation module comprises: the illumination period, intensity, spatial distribution and spectral characteristics.

In the cultivation system of the invention, the calculation module calculates the difference between the curve of the actual lighting effect changing along with the time and the curve stored in the storage module, and sets the subsequent control signal plan according to the difference; .

In the cultivation system of the present invention, the method for calculating the subsequent control signal plan from the difference between the curves comprises: at a time point t, the differences of the curves are weighted and summed to obtain a cumulative difference D_tWill cumulatively insertMultiplying the value by a correction coefficient beta to obtain the illumination value to be compensated of the next time point t +1. Illumination value to be compensatedAnd planned light valuesIs the target illumination value at the time point of t +1. Comparing target illumination valuesAnd predicting the illumination value, and if the target illumination value is higher, increasing the light transmittance of the shell or increasing the intensity of the artificial light source according to the difference ratio; and if the target illumination value is lower, the light transmittance of the shell is reduced or the intensity of the artificial light source is reduced according to the interpolation proportion.

Based on various innovation points, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention provides the following gains: .

Energy-efficient, natural ambient light illumination is utilized with high efficiency. When natural illumination is sufficient, the illumination requirement can be met by improving the transmittance of the shell; and when the natural illumination is insufficient, starting the artificial light source for supplement. Under any condition, the conversion of light energy, electric energy and light energy is not needed, the efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low, the heat production is reduced, and the temperature control of the culture equipment is facilitated.

In the frequency domain, a specific frequency band of natural ambient light is selectively utilized. According to the natural environment illumination condition, the transmittance of the shell to different spectral frequency bands is adjusted, so that the illumination intensity is automatically reduced or compensated, and the spectral characteristics are adjusted. When the natural environment light is insufficient in each frequency band, the cultivation equipment turns on artificial light sources of partial frequency bands for supplement except for utilizing natural light to the maximum extent; the specific frequency band of the natural environment light is too strong, and other frequency bands are insufficient, so that the too strong frequency band is blocked, the insufficient frequency band is continuously allowed to pass, and the insufficient frequency band is supplemented by an artificial light source. Thus, the cultivation material is always in the most suitable environment while the natural environment light is fully and efficiently utilized.

Spatially, natural illumination is automatically directed to produce arbitrarily distributed illumination/shaded regions, as well as spectral characteristics within the regions. By arbitrarily combining and controlling the transmissivity of partial shell areas, bright and dark partitions or specific spectrum illumination areas are manufactured in the cultivation equipment while natural ambient light is used for illumination. For example, in extreme daytime regions where sunlight is shining throughout the day, the in-east-west shell transmission can be controlled to produce an effect similar to the morning-east-west brightness and evening-east-west brightness produced by the sun-east-west rising. As another example, a feeding area that provides illumination for photophobic animals while leaving a light-protected resting area.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings of the embodiments can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the farming equipment of the present invention, in which the housing is shown as a whole in terms of the plane thereof in order to understand the overall function thereof.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the farming plant of the present invention, in which the housing is shown divided into a few housing pieces in order to understand its spatial interaction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the farming plant of the present invention, wherein the housing is shown divided into a number of housing blocks with different spectral characteristics of transmittance in order to understand its effect on changing the spectrum.

FIG. 4 is a structural sectional view of the cultivation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a system block diagram of a farming system according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the operation of the cultivation system at time t according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the accompanying drawings and described embodiments. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail as not to unnecessarily obscure the embodiments.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the frame 100 of the box-shaped cultivation apparatus is installed with a front housing 200, a left housing 300 and a top housing 400, which are transmittance controllable, and rear and right housings (not separately labeled) except for the bottom surface. In this embodiment, the housing may be made of light control glass with electrochromic materials (such as MoO3 and polyaniline), light control glass with photochromic materials (such as silver halide), or liquid crystal glass. According to the material characteristics, the transmissivity of the shells 200, 300, 400 and the like can be adjusted by means of illumination, voltage modulation and the like, so that the illumination intensity in the culture equipment can be increased and decreased.

Obviously, the shell of each surface is divided into a plurality of tightly spliced blocks, so that the original function of the shell is not influenced, and the spatial fineness of control can be improved. As shown in fig. 2, the cultivation device is formed by splicing a plurality of individually controlled blocks, namely, the light distribution of the cultivation device can be adjusted by adjusting the transmissivity of each block. The front housing blocks 201 and 202 constitute the front housing 200, and the top housing blocks 401 and 402 constitute the top housing block 400, which are independently controllable. If the transmissivity of the front shell 201, the left shell block 3 and the top shell block 401 is reduced, the illumination brightness of an area enclosed by the three blocks can be reduced; the light brightness of the area enclosed by the front shell 202 and the top shell block 402 can be increased by increasing the transmissivity of the two; therefore, the partitions with the dark space on the left side and the bright space on the right side can be generated in the cultivation equipment.

Obviously, further reducing the area of a single housing block and increasing the number of housing blocks can realize finer regulation, and the regulation not only includes spatial regulation but also includes spectrum regulation. As shown in fig. 3, when one outer surface is formed by splicing a plurality of blocks, and the transmission spectral characteristics of each block are different, the illumination spectral characteristics of the cultivation equipment can be adjusted by adjusting the transmittance of each block. In order to show various arrangement possibilities, the front housing blocks 203 to 211 are arranged side to form the front housing 2, the left housing blocks 301, 302 and other housing blocks are arranged side to form the left housing 3, and the top housing blocks 403 to 405 and other housing blocks are arranged in tiles to form the top housing 4, in a relatively simple manner without loss of generality. For example, the front housing blocks 203, 205, 207, 209 and 211 (odd block groups) only pass red light, and the front housing blocks 204, 206, 208 and 210 (even block groups) only pass blue light, so that the transmittance of the odd block groups is increased, and the transmittance of the even block groups is decreased, so that the brightness of the red light relative to the blue light in the aquaculture device can be increased.

The housing block selectively passes (or blocks) light of a specific frequency band, and can be realized by physical characteristics (such as crystal properties) of the housing block or additional modes such as coating, and the like, similar to an optical filter in a common optical device.

It is easy to know that the methods for adjusting the illumination distribution and the spectral characteristics in the cultivation equipment illustrated in fig. 2 and fig. 3, respectively, can be used simultaneously to achieve the respective effects.

In order to achieve automatic adjustment of the transmittance of the housing and as a supplement to passive reception of ambient light, the device is equipped with a photosensor providing a feedback signal, and with an artificial light source as a supplemental light source. As shown in FIG. 4, in a sectional view with the housing omitted, the interior of the farming equipment is equipped with photoelectric sensors 501, 502, and 503, and artificial light sources 601, 602, and 603. The photoelectric sensor can be a single photodiode, and the reading is the illumination intensity of the position where the photoelectric sensor is located; or a camera, the reading is the illumination intensity of a plurality of positions in the shooting range, and the reading can be regarded as the reading of a plurality of matrix arrangement photodiodes.

By using the photoelectric sensor readings, the calculation module calculates the weighted sum formula of the illumination spatial distribution and the spectral characteristics as follows:whereinAs the lighting parameter of the nth numberShowing the illumination intensity of a certain position at a certain angle and a certain upper frequency band,is the reading value of the No. m photoelectric sensor,is composed ofCorrespond toThe weighting value of (2).

For example, assuming the photosensor 501 as a front panel facing camera, the illumination parameters are calculatedThe weighted sum of its red pixels (other sensor weighted values are 0), then the average red illumination intensity of the front panel towards the sensor 501 can be obtained.

In combination with the system block diagram of fig. 5 and the work flow diagram of fig. 6, the work logic of the cultivation system can be simplified into three steps: acquiring an illumination state, comparing the illumination state to a target, and adjusting passively received illumination (envelope transmittance) and actively supplemented illumination (artificial light source) for errors.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the technical solutions of the above embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other in a crossing manner to form a new technical solution, and any technical solutions formed by using equivalent substitutions fall within the scope of the present invention.