阅读说明：本技术 北疆地区育肥牛专用生物发酵饲料及其制备方法 (Special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area and preparation method thereof ) 是由 姚峻 刘孟健 陈亮亮 方文革 毕四海 唐娜 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种北疆地区育肥牛专用生物发酵饲料及其制备方法,涉及饲料加工技术领域。本发明所述生物发酵饲料包括复合菌种发酵剂和发酵底物两部分,其中复合菌种发酵剂包括布拉式酵母、丁酸梭菌和植物乳杆菌,发酵底物包括玉米、棉粕、豆粕和麸皮。本发明所述复合菌种发酵剂须经过一级、二级及三级扩培,再按比例混合后与发酵底物共同进行固态发酵,才能得到成品生物发酵饲料。本发明发酵底物经过复合菌种发酵剂发酵后,能产生愉悦酸香味,提高育肥牛饲料采食量,降低发酵底物抗原,提高育肥牛对饲料的消化吸收率和动物机体免疫力,降低炎症反应,提高饲料整体转化率。(The invention discloses a special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of feed processing. The biological fermentation feed comprises a composite strain leaven and a fermentation substrate, wherein the composite strain leaven comprises a saccharomyces boulardii, clostridium butyricum and lactobacillus plantarum, and the fermentation substrate comprises corn, cottonseed meal, soybean meal and bran. The composite strain leaven is subjected to primary, secondary and tertiary expanding culture, mixed in proportion and subjected to solid state fermentation together with a fermentation substrate to obtain the finished product of biological fermentation feed. After the fermentation substrate is fermented by the composite strain leaven, the pleasant acid fragrance can be generated, the feed intake of the fattening cattle feed is improved, the fermentation substrate antigen is reduced, the digestibility of the fattening cattle to the feed and the immunity of animal organisms are improved, the inflammatory reaction is reduced, and the overall conversion rate of the feed is improved.)

1. A special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area is characterized by being prepared by fermenting a fermentation substrate with a composite strain starter; the substrate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

60 parts of corn; 20 parts of cottonseed meal; 10 parts of soybean meal; 10 parts of bran;

the composite strain leaven consists of Saccharomyces boulardii, Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus plantarum.

2. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the variety of the northern Xinjiang fattening cattle is one or more of northern Xinjiang brown cattle, Simmental northern Xinjiang brown hybrid cattle and Angus northern Xinjiang brown hybrid cattle.

3. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compound strain leavening agent is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing a first-stage culture expanding solution: respectively inoculating the saccharomyces boulardii, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum into corresponding culture media in a sterile environment, wherein the lactobacillus plantarum is cultured in a constant-temperature incubator for 20-48 hours at the temperature of 35-40 ℃; the clostridium butyricum is cultured in a shaking table for 20-48 h at constant temperature, wherein the culture temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 100-120 rpm; carrying out constant-temperature culture on the saccharomyces boulardii in a shaking table for 36-48 h, wherein the culture temperature is 30-40 ℃, the rotation speed of the shaking table is 180-200 rpm, and obtaining three primary expanding culture solutions respectively after the culture is finished;

(2) preparing a secondary expanding culture solution: respectively adding the primary amplification culture solution of the Largura yeast, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum obtained in the step (1) into corresponding culture media according to the inoculation amount of 5-10%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in a constant-temperature incubator for 16-48 h at the culture temperature of 35-40 ℃; the clostridium butyricum is cultured in a shaking table for 20-48 h at constant temperature, wherein the culture temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 100-120 rpm; carrying out constant-temperature culture on the saccharomyces boulardii in a shaking table for 36-48 h, wherein the culture temperature is 30-40 ℃, the rotation speed of the shaking table is 180-200 rpm, and obtaining three secondary expanding culture solutions respectively after the culture is finished;

(3) preparing a three-stage culture expanding solution: respectively adding the secondary propagation liquid of the Largura yeast, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum obtained in the step (2) into corresponding culture media according to the inoculation amount of 5-10%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in a constant-temperature incubator for 20-48 h at the culture temperature of 35-40 ℃; the clostridium butyricum is cultured in a shaking table for 18-48 h at constant temperature, the culture temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 120-140 rpm; carrying out constant-temperature culture on the saccharomyces boulardii in a shaking table for 36-48 h, wherein the culture temperature is 25-40 ℃, the rotation speed of the shaking table is 180-200 rpm, and obtaining three secondary expanding culture solutions respectively after the culture is finished;

(4) mixing: uniformly mixing the three-stage propagation liquid of the saccharomyces boulardii, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum according to the mass ratio of 3: 1-2: 1-1.5 to obtain the composite strain leavening agent.

4. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 3, wherein the culture expanding medium of the Saccharomyces boulardii in the steps (1) and (2) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of glucose, 1% of malt extract powder, 2% of peptone, 1% of yeast extract and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0.

5. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 3, wherein the culture expanding medium for plant suckers in the steps (1) and (2) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of glucose, 1% of peptone, 1% of beef extract, 0.5% of yeast extract, 0.5% of sodium acetate, 0.2% of citric acid hydrogen diamine, 0.2% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.02% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.005% of manganese sulfate heptahydrate and pH value of 7.4.

6. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 3, wherein the culture medium for expanding clostridium butyricum in steps (1) and (2) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 percent of glucose, 1 percent of peptone, 1 percent of beef extract, 0.3 percent of yeast extract, 0.1 percent of soluble starch, 0.5 percent of sodium chloride, 0.3 percent of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.015 percent of cysteine hydrochloride and 7.4 of pH value.

7. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 3, wherein the three-stage propagation culture medium in the step (3) is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: molasses 5%, ammonium sulfate 1%, peptone 1%, urea 0.5% and yeast extract 1%, the rest is water, and the pH value is 7.0.

8. The preparation method of the special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

and (3) fully mixing the composite strain leavening agent with a fermentation substrate in an inoculation amount of 5-10 wt%, bagging, sealing and carrying out solid state fermentation to obtain the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

9. The preparation method of the special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area according to claim 8, wherein the solid-state fermentation temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 48-96 hours.

10. The application of the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area, disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 7, in the field of feeding of the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The disablement of antibiotics in the feed puts forward stricter requirements for the livestock industry in China and also brings higher challenges, in particular to the breeding industry of fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang. The problems of weak management base of herdsmen, low quality of breeding personnel, inadequate disease prevention and control technology, disordered and various cattle source varieties and the like exist in the northern Xinjiang fattening cattle breeding industry, and the unprecedented huge challenge is faced by the northern Xinjiang fattening cattle breeding industry due to the forbidden use of antibiotics. Therefore, the search for antibiotics and antibiotic biological function substitutes becomes a major problem to be solved in the feed industry and the livestock breeding industry. In addition, in order to respond to national requirements and simultaneously ensure the product quality, the substitute simultaneously meets the requirements of green, no drug resistance, no residue, animal immunity improvement, economic benefit increase and the like, and the fermented feed is the most economic feed variety with the characteristics at present.

After the feed raw materials are subjected to microbial fermentation, the feed raw materials have a strong fermentation flavor, can improve the feed intake of animals, also have multiple effects of improving the immunity of the animals, protecting the intestinal health, improving the digestibility of the feed and the like, can prolong the storage time of the feed raw materials, reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors and toxic substances in the feed, and create higher profit value for the breeding industry of fattening cattle.

In order to solve the problems of the prior northern Xinjiang fattening cattle breeding industry, the invention adopts the specific compound strain leaven in combination with the specific raw material selection and proportion, and obtains the special biological fermentation feed specially aiming at the northern Xinjiang fattening cattle by a solid-state bagged anaerobic fermentation mode.

Disclosure of Invention

On the basis of the compound leavening agent, the corn, the bean pulp, the cottonseed meal and the bran are used as fermentation substrates, the special compound leavening agent is utilized, the product flavor is improved through the solid state fermentation process, the fermentation product has unique fragrance, the fermentation viscosity of the bean pulp and the contents of protease inhibition factors and antigen protein are reduced, a large amount of high-bioactivity substances rich in yeast parietal polysaccharide are generated, the content of unsaturated fatty acid is increased, the digestibility of the feed is improved, and the times and the degree of inflammatory reactions in intestinal tracts of northern Jiang fattening cattle are reduced. The special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area is formed by fermenting a fermentation substrate with a composite strain starter; the substrate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

60 parts of corn; 20 parts of cottonseed meal; 10 parts of soybean meal; 10 parts of bran;

the composite strain leaven consists of Saccharomyces boulardii, Clostridium butyricum and Lactobacillus plantarum.

Furthermore, the variety of the northern Jiang fattening cattle is one or more of northern Jiang Brown cattle, Simmental northern Jiang Brown hybrid cattle and Angus northern Jiang Brown hybrid cattle.

Further, the composite strain leaven is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing a first-stage culture expanding solution: respectively inoculating the saccharomyces boulardii, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum into corresponding culture media in a sterile environment, wherein the lactobacillus plantarum is cultured in a constant-temperature incubator for 20-48 hours at the temperature of 35-40 ℃; the clostridium butyricum is cultured in a shaking table for 20-48 h at constant temperature, wherein the culture temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 100-120 rpm; carrying out constant-temperature culture on the saccharomyces boulardii in a shaking table for 36-48 h, wherein the culture temperature is 30-40 ℃, the rotation speed of the shaking table is 180-200 rpm, and obtaining three primary expanding culture solutions respectively after the culture is finished;

(2) preparing a secondary expanding culture solution: respectively adding the primary amplification culture solution of the Largura yeast, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum obtained in the step (1) into corresponding culture media according to the inoculation amount of 5-10%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in a constant-temperature incubator for 16-48 h at the culture temperature of 35-40 ℃; the clostridium butyricum is cultured in a shaking table for 20-48 h at constant temperature, wherein the culture temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 100-120 rpm; carrying out constant-temperature culture on the saccharomyces boulardii in a shaking table for 36-48 h, wherein the culture temperature is 30-40 ℃, the rotation speed of the shaking table is 180-200 rpm, and obtaining three secondary expanding culture solutions respectively after the culture is finished;

(3) preparing a three-stage culture expanding solution: respectively adding the secondary propagation liquid of the Largura yeast, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum obtained in the step (2) into corresponding culture media according to the inoculation amount of 5-10%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in a constant-temperature incubator for 20-48 h at the culture temperature of 35-40 ℃; the clostridium butyricum is cultured in a shaking table for 18-48 h at constant temperature, the culture temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the rotation speed of the shaking table is 120-140 rpm; carrying out constant-temperature culture on the saccharomyces boulardii in a shaking table for 36-48 h, wherein the culture temperature is 25-40 ℃, the rotation speed of the shaking table is 180-200 rpm, and obtaining three secondary expanding culture solutions respectively after the culture is finished;

(4) mixing: uniformly mixing the three-stage propagation liquid of the saccharomyces boulardii, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum according to the mass ratio of 3: 1-2: 1-1.5 to obtain the composite strain leavening agent.

Further, the amplification culture medium of the saccharomyces boulardii in the steps (1) and (2) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of glucose, 1% of malt extract powder, 2% of peptone, 1% of yeast extract and the balance of water, and the pH value is 7.0.

Further, the expanding culture medium of the plant milk stalks in the step (1) and the step (2) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of glucose, 1% of peptone, 1% of beef extract, 0.5% of yeast extract, 0.5% of sodium acetate, 0.2% of citric acid hydrogen diamine, 0.2% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.02% of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.005% of manganese sulfate heptahydrate and pH value of 7.4.

Further, the culture medium for expanding clostridium butyricum in the steps (1) and (2) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 percent of glucose, 1 percent of peptone, 1 percent of beef extract, 0.3 percent of yeast extract, 0.1 percent of soluble starch, 0.5 percent of sodium chloride, 0.3 percent of sodium acetate trihydrate, 0.015 percent of cysteine hydrochloride and 7.4 of pH value.

Further, the third-stage expanding culture medium in the step (3) is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: molasses 5%, ammonium sulfate 1%, peptone 1%, urea 0.5% and yeast extract 1%, the rest is water, and the pH value is 7.0.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area, which comprises the following steps:

and (3) fully mixing the composite strain leavening agent with a fermentation substrate in an inoculation amount of 5-10 wt%, bagging, sealing and carrying out solid state fermentation to obtain the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Further, the solid-state fermentation temperature is 25-35 ℃, and the fermentation time is 48-96 hours.

The invention also aims to provide application of the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area in the field of feeding of the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) the Brazian yeast, the clostridium butyricum and the lactobacillus plantarum in the composite strain starter are screened strains with good effect on local fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang; according to the invention, the special strains are applied to the preparation of the feed in the form of the composite strain leavening agent, a large amount of biological enzymes and organic acids suitable for the gastrointestinal tracts of local fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang are generated by utilizing the fermentation effect of the composite strain leavening agent, and macromolecular substances in a fermentation substrate are degraded into small molecular substances which are easy to digest and absorb, so that the pH value of the feed is rapidly reduced, the flavor of the feed is improved, the palatability of the feed is improved, and meanwhile, the utilization conversion rate of the feed is improved, thereby the utilization value and the economic value of the feed are comprehensively improved;

(2) in the solid-state fermentation process, a large amount of yeast wall polysaccharide produced by the Braun yeast in the growth and reproduction process can improve the intestinal tract fixed immunity of the northern Xinjiang local fattening cattle, the produced mycoprotein can also improve the protein content in the feed, and in addition, the metabolized alcohol and the metabolized organic acid of the lactobacillus can react to obtain ester substances, so that the feed has strong acid aroma, wine aroma and ester aroma, and the feed intake of the northern Xinjiang local fattening cattle is improved; a large amount of butyric acid generated in the clostridium butyricum fermentation process can reduce the pH value in the intestinal tract of local fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang and can be absorbed by epithelial cells to participate in metabolism to provide energy; various organic acids metabolized in the fermentation process of the lactobacillus plantarum can obviously reduce the pH value of the feed, avoid the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms such as escherichia coli, salmonella and the like, and improve the digestion and absorption rate of the feed in the gastrointestinal tract of animals;

(3) the invention adopts the technical means of respectively culturing single strains in the strain expanding culture stage, and cultures the specific strains under specific conditions so as to ensure that each strain in the composite fermentation inoculant is in a logarithmic growth phase, the number of viable bacteria is the highest, and the activity of the strain is the strongest;

(4) the source of the molasses in the culture medium is beet processing by-products, and the molasses is used as a main carbon source, so that the resource treatment of industrial by-products can be realized, and the production cost of the feed can be greatly reduced;

(5) the biological fermentation feed has strong acid aroma, wine aroma and ester aroma, is yellow brown, has the wet-based crude protein content of more than 15 percent, the amino acid content of more than 29 percent, the pH value of less than 4.8 and the digestibility of more than 92 percent, and can improve the feed intake of animals by more than 10 percent.

(6) The special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area can avoid the defects of drug residues and antibiotic resistance, has a remarkable improvement effect on the feed intake and immunity of the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area, further improves the meat yield, is a good antibiotic and antibiotic biological functional substitute suitable for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area, and can bring huge economic value to the breeding industry of the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Detailed Description

In order to show the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention through feeding tests, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the parameters in the embodiments may be recombined to form a new scheme without conflict.

Example 1

A preparation method of a special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting a strain of Saccharomyces boulardii with high reproductive capacity, high growth speed and good metabolite flavor, wherein the KGKK number of the strain is 58163, the KGKK number of a strain of Clostridium butyricum with high butyric acid production capacity is 36295, and the KGKK number of a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum with high acid production capacity is 38596;

(2) respectively eluting each strain slant in 500mL of corresponding liquid culture medium, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 24h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum in a shaker at 30 deg.C and 120rpm for 24 hr; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 30 deg.C and 180rpm for 48 hr to obtain first-stage seed solution;

(3) adding the primary seed liquid into 2000mL of corresponding liquid culture medium by the inoculation amount of 5%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 24h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum in a shaker at 30 deg.C and 120rpm for 24 hr; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 30 deg.C and 180rpm for 48 hr to obtain secondary seed solution;

(4) adding the secondary seed liquid into a 50L fermentation tank filled with corresponding liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation tank at a constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 24 h; clostridium butyricum with ventilation capacity of 1m at 30 deg.C and 120rpm³Culturing in a fermentation tank for 24 hours; saccharomyces boulardii at 28 deg.C, 180rpm, and ventilation of 1m³Culturing for 48h in a fermentation tank to obtain a third-level seed solution;

(5) and (3) preparing the tertiary seed liquid of the Braun yeast: clostridium butyricum tertiary seed liquid: uniformly mixing the lactobacillus plantarum tertiary seed liquid in a mass ratio of 3:1:1 to obtain a composite strain starter;

(6) uniformly mixing 5kg of the composite strain leaven with 60kg of corn, 20kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of soybean meal and 10kg of bran, and carrying out bagged closed solid state fermentation for 72h at the temperature of 28 ℃ to obtain the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Example 2

A preparation method of a special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area comprises the following steps:

(1) same as example 1, step (1);

(2) respectively eluting each strain slant in 500mL corresponding liquid culture medium, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 35 ℃ for 20h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum at 25 deg.C for 20 hr in 100rpm shaker; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 35 deg.C and 190rpm for 36 hr to obtain first-stage seed solution;

(3) adding the primary seed liquid into 2000mL of corresponding liquid culture medium by 10% of inoculation amount respectively, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 35 ℃ for 16h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum at 25 deg.C for 20 hr in 110rpm shaker; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 35 deg.C and 190rpm for 36h to obtain secondary seed solution;

(4) adding the secondary seed liquid into a 50L fermentation tank according to the inoculation amount of 10%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation tank at the constant temperature of 38 ℃ for 20 hours; clostridium butyricum with ventilation of 1m at 35 deg.C and 140rpm³Culturing for 18h in a fermentation tank; the yeast has a ventilation capacity of 1m at 35 deg.C and 190rpm³Culturing in a fermentation tank for 36h to obtain a third-level seed solution;

(5) and (3) mixing the third-level seed liquid with the following components in percentage by weight: clostridium butyricum: the lactobacillus plantarum is mixed uniformly into a composite strain starter according to the mass ratio of 3.0:1.5: 1.5;

(6) uniformly mixing 10kg of the composite strain leaven with 60kg of corn, 20kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of soybean meal and 10kg of bran, and carrying out bagged closed solid state fermentation for 48h at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Example 3

A preparation method of a special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area comprises the following steps:

(1) same as in step (1) of example 1;

(2) respectively eluting each strain slant in 500mL corresponding liquid culture medium, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 36h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum at 32 deg.C for 36 hr in 120rpm shaker; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 38 deg.C and 180rpm for 36 hr to obtain first-stage seed solution;

(3) adding the primary seed liquid into 2000mL of corresponding liquid culture medium by the inoculation amount of 5%, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 36h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum at 32 deg.C for 36 hr in 120rpm shaker; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaker at 38 deg.C and 180rpm for 36h to obtain secondary seed solution;

(4) adding the secondary seed liquid into a 50L fermentation tank filled with corresponding liquid culture medium by the inoculation amount of 5% respectively, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation tank at the constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 24 h; clostridium butyricum with ventilation capacity of 1m at 30 deg.C and 120rpm³Culturing in a fermentation tank for 24 hours; the yeast has ventilation capacity of 1m at 38 deg.C and 180rpm³Culturing for 48h in a fermentation tank to obtain a third-level seed solution;

(5) and (3) mixing the third-level seed liquid with the following components in percentage by weight: clostridium butyricum: the lactobacillus plantarum is uniformly mixed into a composite strain starter according to the mass ratio of 3:2: 1;

(6) uniformly mixing 10kg of the composite strain leaven with 60kg of corn, 20kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of soybean meal and 10kg of bran, and carrying out bagged closed solid state fermentation for 96h at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Example 4

A preparation method of a special biological fermentation feed for fattening cattle in northern Xinjiang area comprises the following steps:

(1) same as in step (1) of example 1;

(2) respectively eluting each strain slant in 500mL corresponding liquid culture medium, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum in a shaker at 30 deg.C and 120rpm for 48 hr; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 32 deg.C and 180rpm for 48 hr to obtain first-stage seed solution;

(3) adding the primary seed liquid into 2000mL of corresponding liquid culture medium by 10% of inoculation amount respectively, and culturing the lactobacillus plantarum in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 48h at constant temperature; culturing Clostridium butyricum in a shaker at 30 deg.C and 120rpm for 48 hr; culturing Saccharomyces boulardii in shaking table at 32 deg.C and 180rpm for 48 hr to obtain secondary seed solution;

(4) adding the secondary seed liquid into a 50L fermentation tank filled with corresponding liquid culture medium by 10% of inoculation amount respectively, and culturing lactobacillus plantarum in the fermentation tank at the constant temperature of 37 ℃ for 48 h; clostridium butyricum with ventilation capacity of 1m at 30 deg.C and 120rpm³Culturing in a fermentation tank for 48 h; the yeast has ventilation capacity of 1m at 32 deg.C and 180rpm³Culturing for 48h in a fermentation tank to obtain a third-level seed solution;

(5) and (3) mixing the third-level seed liquid with the following components in percentage by weight: clostridium butyricum: the lactobacillus plantarum is mixed uniformly into a composite strain starter according to the mass ratio of 3:1.5: 1;

(6) uniformly mixing 10kg of the composite strain leaven with 60kg of corn, 20kg of cottonseed meal, 10kg of soybean meal and 10kg of bran, and carrying out bagged closed solid state fermentation for 96h at 35 ℃ to obtain the special biological fermentation feed for the fattening cattle in the northern Xinjiang area.

Comparative example 1

The difference from example 4 is that the tertiary seed liquid is prepared by mixing Saccharomyces boulardii: the mass ratio of the clostridium butyricum is 3:1.5, and the clostridium butyricum are uniformly mixed into the composite strain leaven.

Comparative example 2

The difference from example 4 is that the tertiary seed liquid is prepared by mixing Saccharomyces boulardii: the lactobacillus plantarum is mixed uniformly into the composite strain starter according to the mass ratio of 3:1.

Comparative example 3

The same as example 4, except that the tertiary seed liquid was prepared as Clostridium butyricum: the lactobacillus plantarum is mixed uniformly into the composite strain starter according to the mass ratio of 1.5:1.

Comparative example 4

The difference from example 4 is that the starter culture is a tertiary seed liquid of Saccharomyces boulardii.

Comparative example 5

The difference from example 4 is that the starter is Clostridium butyricum tertiary seed liquid.

Comparative example 6

The difference from example 4 is that the starter culture is a lactobacillus plantarum tertiary seed liquid.

Test example 1

Animal experiment design and experimental indexes:

(1) after the fermentation substrate is subjected to microbial fermentation treatment by the composite leaven, the fermentation substrate has strong acid aroma, wine aroma and ester aroma, one part of the biological fermentation feed obtained in the examples 1-4 is taken, and the crude protein content, the small peptide content and the organic acid content of the biological fermentation feed are detected.

(2) Selecting Xinjiang brown cattle and four Tuer foreign family fattening cattle with the weight of about 420kg

The feed is divided into five groups on average, and the five groups are named as a comparative example 1 group, an example 2 group, an example 3 group and an example 4 group respectively, wherein the comparative example 1 group is not added with any feed, and the examples 1 to 4 are added with the finished feed obtained in the examples 1 to 4 respectively in the same amount. The five groups of fattening cattle are respectively 20 Xinjiang brown cattle and 20 four Tuer miscellaneous fattening cattle, the weight difference of the cattle is not significant (P is more than 0.05), the cattle are fed with the biological fermentation feed of different groups under the same feeding management, illumination condition and formula nutrition level, the cattle are fed for 90 days and then slaughtered, the diarrhea rate, daily gain and slaughter rate of each group are counted, and the results are as follows:

group of	Crude protein%	Small peptide%	Organic acid%	The diarrhea rate%	The daily gain%	Slaughter rate%
							Comparative example 1	15.53	7.3	3.1	6.6	1.35	48.05
Comparative example 2	15.07	7.9	3.7	7.3	1.33	47.26
							Comparative example 3	13.01	6.6	4.7	9.0	1.20	47.35
Comparative example 4	15.38	5.6	2.1	8.5	1.13	46.14
							Comparative example 5	12.05	2.8	3.4	9.1	1.16	46.17
Comparative example 6	12.27	3.9	4.5	11.6	1.10	46.08
							Example 1	15.86	6.2	4.5	6.8	1.36	47.95
Example 2	15.84	8.1	4.2	6.5	1.42	48.23
							Example 3	16.05	9.3	5.1	4.0	1.50	49.11
Example 4	16.31	8.8	5.3	3.6	1.54	50.68

According to the results in the table 1, the technical effects of the invention are obviously different, and the contents of crude protein, small peptide and organic acid in the products are increased and the nutritional value of the feed is improved in all groups of the examples, wherein the improvement ratio of the group of the example 3 to the group of the example 4 is most obvious (P < 0.05).

After fattening cattle eat the biological fermentation feed, the diarrhea rate reduction ratio is most remarkable and the daily gain and dressing percentage increase ratio is most remarkable (P is less than 0.05) in the groups of the example 3 and the example 4. Therefore, the biological fermentation feed prepared by the invention can obviously improve the contents of crude protein, small peptide and organic acid in the feed, and simultaneously can reduce the diarrhea rate of fattening cattle, increase daily gain and improve the meat yield.

In the process of preparing the composite leaven, the composite leaven is prepared by four steps, so that each strain is ensured to be in a logarithmic growth phase, the prepared composite leaven has high viable count and strong strain activity, and meanwhile, the sugar beet byproduct molasses is used as a carbon source, so that the production cost is reduced, and the comprehensive utilization rate of resources is improved.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.