阅读说明：本技术 一种利用固体废物生产陶粒的制备方法 (Preparation method for producing ceramsite by utilizing solid waste ) 是由 宋惠康 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用固体废物生产陶粒的制备方法,属于建材陶粒技术领域,包括如下步骤：(1)建筑弃土的处理；(2)搅拌混匀；(3)破碎、陈化；(4)造粒；(5)整形、烧结；(6)冷却储存。利用建筑弃土等各种以二氧化硅为主要成分的一般固废为主要材料、加入市政污泥为辅材按一定的比例进行配料,经搅拌、碾合、陈化、造粒、烘干、焙烧、冷却等多道工序加工成陶粒。该陶粒的生产工艺节能、环保,具有良好的经济价值和社会价值。生产的陶粒轻质、强度符合国家标准。(The invention discloses a preparation method for producing ceramsite by utilizing solid waste, which belongs to the technical field of building material ceramsite and comprises the following steps: (1) treating building waste soil; (2) stirring and uniformly mixing; (3) crushing and aging; (4) granulating; (5) shaping and sintering; (6) and (5) cooling and storing. The waste building material is produced with waste silica and other solid waste as main component and through mixing, milling, ageing, pelletizing, stoving, roasting, cooling and other steps. The production process of the ceramsite is energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has good economic value and social value. The produced ceramsite is light and has strength meeting the national standard.)

1. A preparation method for producing ceramsite by utilizing solid waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) treatment of building spoil:

drying the building waste soil by using the waste heat of the ceramsite in the cooling cellar through the drying cellar, and then crushing and storing for later use;

(2) stirring and uniformly mixing:

sending the dried and crushed building waste soil and municipal sludge into a stirrer together to be stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain a mixture for later use;

(3) crushing and aging:

crushing the mixture obtained in the step (1) by a fine roller machine, and then aging in an aging warehouse;

(4) and (3) granulation:

after the aging is finished, uniformly stirring the mixture by an extrusion type stirrer, and finally feeding the mixture into a double-roller extrusion type granulator for granulation;

(5) shaping and sintering:

feeding the manufactured granules into a secondary granulator for shaping, feeding raw material granules meeting the requirements into a rotary kiln for high-temperature sintering after shaping, and returning raw materials which do not meet the specifications to the granulator for re-granulation;

(6) cooling and storing:

and cooling the sintered high-temperature ceramsite by a cooling kiln, and then storing the cooled high-temperature ceramsite in a finished product warehouse.

2. The method for preparing ceramsite by using solid waste as defined in claim 1, wherein the plasticity index of the aged raw material in the step (3) is greater than 17, and the compounded raw material comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂ 40～70％，Al₂O₃ 14～20％，Fe₂O₃ 5～10％，CaO+MgO 3～7％，K₂O+Na₂O 1.5～4％。

3. The method for preparing ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein said aging time in step (3) is longer than 7 days.

4. The method for preparing ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein the granules obtained in step (4) have a particle size of 10-15 mm.

5. The method for preparing ceramsite by using solid waste as recited in claim 1, wherein the rotary kiln in step (5) is heated in a counter-current manner for a total time of 60-120 min.

6. The method for preparing ceramsite according to claim 1, wherein the cooling process of the cooling cellar in step (6) is counter-current air cooling, and most of the hot air is used for drying the raw materials, and the rest is used as secondary air of a burner.

7. The preparation method for producing ceramsite according to claims 1-6, wherein the tail gas in the ceramsite production process is treated by cloth bag dust removal, ozone denitration, deodorization, alkali washing and water washing, and then is discharged after reaching the standard.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of building material ceramsite, and particularly relates to a preparation method for producing ceramsite by utilizing solid waste.

Background

As a novel building material sintered at high temperature, the ceramsite is increasingly widely applied due to light weight, high strength and good heat insulation performance. With the development of the industry, economic and reasonable raw material formula and production process are the development direction of the industry.

The municipal sludge mainly comprises water, inorganic matters and organic matters. The inorganic matter has a little difference with the production raw material of the ceramsite, and the organic matter can be converted into carbon in an anoxic environment and is the main foaming component in the ceramsite production. Therefore, a certain amount of municipal sludge is added into the ceramsite raw material, and the ceramsite composite material is completely feasible and has high economic value and social value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a preparation method for producing ceramsite by utilizing solid waste, and accordingly, the ceramsite can be produced and simultaneously the sludge can be recycled, so that a higher economic value is created.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method for producing ceramsite by utilizing solid waste comprises the following steps:

(1) treatment of building spoil:

drying the building waste soil by using the waste heat of the ceramsite in the cooling cellar through the drying cellar, and then crushing and storing for later use;

(2) stirring and uniformly mixing:

sending the dried and crushed building waste soil and municipal sludge into a stirrer together to be stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain a mixture for later use;

(3) crushing and aging:

crushing the mixture obtained in the step (1) by a fine roller machine, and then aging in an aging warehouse;

(4) and (3) granulation:

after the aging is finished, uniformly stirring the mixture by an extrusion type stirrer, and finally feeding the mixture into a double-roller extrusion type granulator for granulation;

(5) shaping and sintering:

feeding the manufactured granules into a secondary granulator for shaping, feeding raw material granules meeting the requirements into a rotary kiln for high-temperature sintering after shaping, and returning raw materials which do not meet the specifications to the granulator for re-granulation;

(6) cooling and storing:

and cooling the sintered high-temperature ceramsite by a cooling kiln, and then storing the cooled high-temperature ceramsite in a finished product warehouse.

Further, the plasticity index of the aged raw material in the step (3) is greater than 17, and the content of the main chemical components after proportioning is as follows: SiO 2₂ 40～70％，Al₂O₃ 14～20％，Fe₂O₃ 5～10％，CaO+MgO 3～7％，K₂O+Na₂O 1.5～4％。

Further, the aging time in step (3) is more than 7 days.

Further, the grain diameter of the granules prepared in the step (4) is 10-15 mm.

Further, the rotary kiln in the step (5) adopts countercurrent heating, and the total time is 60-120 min.

Furthermore, the cooling mode of the cooling cellar in the step (6) is countercurrent air cooling, most of hot air is used for drying the raw materials, and the rest of hot air is used as secondary air of a burner.

Further, tail gas in the ceramsite production process is treated by cloth bag dust removal, ozone denitration, deodorization, alkali washing and water washing, and then is discharged after reaching the standard.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the core principle of the application is that the sludge is sintered at high temperature in ceramsite production by utilizing the characteristic that the main component in the sludge is a raw material for ceramsite production. Not only can the sterilization and disinfection be realized, but also a small amount of heavy metal in the sludge can be melted in the crystal lattice of the ceramsite, and the harmless treatment of the sludge is realized.

2. The method for drying the soil-wet-mixed sludge is adopted to ensure that the water content of the formula is 19-25%. On one hand, the problem of difficult dehydration of wet sludge is solved, on the other hand, the water content in the formula is ensured to be 80%, and the maximum mixing amount of sludge can reach 30%.

3. The method ensures that the raw materials can meet the physical index and chemical component requirements of ceramsite production without special adhesives and fluxing agents through screening and trial preparation of main materials and efficient mud treatment equipment. The produced ceramsite has the advantages of uniform internal components, high vitrification degree, light weight and high strength. The main indexes of the method conform to the national standard GB/T17431.1-2010.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the ceramsite production process.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

The first embodiment is as follows:

(1) putting construction waste soil containing 25% of water into a drying kiln for drying and crushing, and storing the construction waste soil into a storage bin, wherein the feeding amount is 13.75 tons per hour;

(2) municipal sludge containing 80% of water is sent into a wet sludge bin, and the sludge and dried dry soil are put into a stirrer to be uniformly stirred according to the proportion of 1:3.3 by a screw conveyer and a feeder.

(3) Crushing and rolling the stirred raw materials again through a fine roller machine, and then sending the crushed and rolled raw materials into an aging warehouse for aging;

(4) after the raw materials are aged for 10 days, uniformly stirring the raw materials by an extrusion type stirrer, increasing plasticity, and finally feeding the raw materials into a double-roller extrusion type granulator, a secondary granulator and other equipment for granulation, wherein the particle size is 15 mm;

(5) feeding the pellets into a double-cylinder ceramsite rotary kiln with the diameter of 3.5 multiplied by 75m, wherein the feeding amount is 17 tons per hour, the traveling speed of the pellets is controlled according to the speed of 1.5 revolutions per minute of a drying kiln and 2.5 revolutions per minute of a roasting kiln, and the sintering temperature is controlled to be 1200 ℃. The air quantity is controlled to be 35000 square per hour;

(6) cooling the ceramsite by a cooling kiln, and then putting the ceramsite into a finished product bin by conveying equipment;

the performance index of the finished product is 300-grade in density grade, 0.6MPa in strength and 22% in water absorption, and meets the national standard GB/T17431.1-2010.

Example two:

(1) putting construction waste soil containing 25% of water into a drying kiln for drying and crushing, and storing the construction waste soil into a storage bin, wherein the feeding amount is 13.75 tons per hour;

(2) feeding municipal sludge containing 60% of water into a dry sludge bin, feeding the sludge, dried dry soil and tail gas treatment wastewater into a stirrer according to the proportion of 1:6:1 through a feeding machine and a conveying pump, and uniformly stirring;

(3) crushing and rolling the stirred raw materials again through a fine roller machine, and then sending the crushed and rolled raw materials into an aging warehouse for aging;

(4) after the raw materials are aged for 8 days, uniformly stirring the raw materials by an extrusion type stirrer, increasing plasticity, and finally feeding the raw materials into a double-roller extrusion type granulator, a secondary granulator and other equipment for granulation, wherein the particle size is 12 mm;

(5) feeding the pellets into a double-cylinder ceramsite rotary kiln with the diameter of 3.5 multiplied by 75m, wherein the feeding amount is 16 tons per hour, the traveling speed of the pellets is controlled according to the speed of 1.5 revolutions per minute of the drying kiln and 2.5 revolutions per minute of the roasting kiln, the sintering temperature is controlled to be 1220 ℃, and the air volume is controlled to be 30000 square per hour;

(6) cooling the ceramsite by a cooling kiln, and then putting the ceramsite into a finished product bin by conveying equipment;

the performance index of the finished product is 400 grade in density grade, 1.1MPa in strength and 17 percent in water absorption, and meets the national standard GB/T17431.1-2010.

Example three:

(1) putting 20% of construction waste soil into a drying kiln for drying and crushing, and storing in a storage bin, wherein the feeding amount is 15 tons per hour;

(2) feeding municipal sludge containing 80% of water into a sludge bin, feeding municipal sludge containing 60% of water into a dry sludge bin, feeding wet sludge, dry sludge and dried dry soil into a stirrer according to the proportion of 2:1:10 by a screw conveyer and a feeder, and uniformly stirring;

(3) crushing and rolling the stirred raw materials again through a fine roller machine, and then sending the crushed and rolled raw materials into an aging warehouse for aging;

(4) after the raw materials are aged for 10 days, uniformly stirring the raw materials by an extrusion type stirrer, increasing plasticity, and finally feeding the raw materials into a double-roller extrusion type granulator, a secondary granulator and other equipment for granulation, wherein the particle size is 12 mm;

(5) feeding the pellets into a double-cylinder ceramsite rotary kiln with the diameter of 3.5 multiplied by 75m, wherein the feeding amount is 18 tons per hour, the traveling speed of the pellets is controlled according to the speed of 1.6 revolutions per minute of a drying kiln and 2.6 revolutions per minute of a roasting kiln, and the sintering temperature is controlled to be 1230 ℃. The air volume is controlled to 38000 square per hour;

(6) cooling the ceramsite by a cooling kiln, and then putting the ceramsite into a finished product bin by conveying equipment;

the performance index of the finished product is 500 grade, the strength is 1.6Mpa, the water absorption rate is 10 percent, and the finished product meets the national standard GB/T17431.1-2010.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, and all the modifications and equivalents of the embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.