阅读说明：本技术 一种棉布的高效环保仿丝光染整工艺 (Efficient environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth ) 是由 吴建芳 李佚凡 高明 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于棉布丝光处理技术领域,特别涉及一种棉布的高效环保仿丝光染整工艺,包括如下步骤：S1、在液氨中加入染料和耐碱渗透剂,获得丝光染液；S2、将棉布带张力浸染在所述丝光染液中,浸染温度为-25～-20℃,浸染时间为3～5min,获得初级染布；S3、将初级染布在丝光染液中继续浸染,并在丝光染液中加入氢氧化钠,以使所述丝光染液中氢氧化钠含量为100～150g/L,升高浸染温度至50～60℃,浸染时间为3～5min,获得次级染布；S4、将所述次级染布过高压蒸汽并冷热水交替水洗,水洗后的次级染布进行烘干,获得成品染布。本发明所提供的仿丝光染整工艺可有效解决传统的双丝光处理处理棉布染料固色率低的问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton cloth mercerization, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth, which comprises the following steps: s1, adding a dye and an alkali-resistant penetrating agent into liquid ammonia to obtain mercerizing dye liquor; s2, dip-dyeing a cotton tape in the mercerizing dye solution under tension, wherein the dip-dyeing temperature is-25 to-20 ℃, and the dip-dyeing time is 3 to 5min, so as to obtain primary dyed cloth; s3, continuously dip-dyeing the primary dyed cloth in a mercerizing dye solution, adding sodium hydroxide into the mercerizing dye solution to enable the content of the sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye solution to be 100-150 g/L, raising the dip-dyeing temperature to 50-60 ℃, and carrying out dip-dyeing for 3-5 min to obtain secondary dyed cloth; and S4, washing the secondary dyed cloth with high-pressure steam and cold and hot water alternately, and drying the washed secondary dyed cloth to obtain the finished dyed cloth. The mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process provided by the invention can effectively solve the problem of low fixation rate of cotton cloth dye in the traditional double mercerizing treatment.)

1. A high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adding a dye and an alkali-resistant penetrating agent into liquid ammonia to obtain mercerizing dye liquor;

s2, dip-dyeing a cotton tape in the mercerizing dye solution under tension, wherein the dip-dyeing temperature is-25 to-20 ℃, and the dip-dyeing time is 3 to 5min, so as to obtain primary dyed cloth;

s3, continuously dip-dyeing the primary dyed cloth in a mercerizing dye solution, adding sodium hydroxide into the mercerizing dye solution to enable the content of the sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye solution to be 100-150 g/L, raising the dip-dyeing temperature to 50-60 ℃, and carrying out dip-dyeing for 3-5 min to obtain secondary dyed cloth;

and S4, washing the secondary dyed cloth with high-pressure steam and cold and hot water alternately, and drying the washed secondary dyed cloth to obtain the finished dyed cloth.

2. The efficient environment-friendly mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process for the cotton cloth according to claim 1, wherein the dye is added in an amount of o.w.f. 3%.

3. The efficient environment-friendly mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process for the cotton cloth according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the alkali-resistant penetrating agent in the mercerizing dye solution is 5.0 g/L.

4. The efficient environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for the cotton cloth according to claim 1, wherein the belt tension is to fix the two ends of the cotton cloth in the warp direction on tension rollers respectively.

5. The high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for the cotton cloth according to claim 1, wherein the alternate washing with cold and hot water comprises washing with hot water at 60 ℃ for 3 times and washing with cold water at 20 ℃ for 2 times.

6. The efficient environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for the cotton cloth according to claim 1, wherein the cold and hot water alternative washing at least comprises 1-pass neutralization washing, and the washing liquid of the neutralization washing contains acetic acid, and the water temperature is 50 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of cotton cloth mercerization, and particularly relates to an efficient environment-friendly mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth.

Background

In the prior art, mercerization is required to be carried out on cotton cloth in order to improve the luster and hand feeling of the cotton cloth. The traditional mercerization mainly comprises single mercerization and double mercerization, wherein the single mercerization is mainly carried out by concentrated alkali or liquid ammonia and some organic alcohol bulking agents, and the mercerization effect of the organic alcohol bulking machine is different from that of the concentrated alkali, so that the mercerization is not widely applied in the market; the mercerizing effect of the liquid ammonia is equivalent to that of concentrated alkali, and the liquid ammonia can be recycled, so that the method is environment-friendly, and is widely applied.

In general, mercerization and dyeing are performed step by step, that is, the two steps are not overlapped, and the prior art has two process methods of mercerization before dyeing and mercerization after dyeing, specifically, mercerization after dyeing is to dye cotton cloth first and then carry out mercerization; the mercerization before dyeing mainly comprises the steps of carrying out mercerization on cotton cloth and then carrying out dyeing treatment. Compared with mercerization after dyeing, the cotton cloth treated by mercerization before dyeing has better dye fixation rate.

In order to further improve the wearability of the cotton cloth, double mercerization is adopted in the prior art, namely, mercerization is carried out once again after mercerization before dyeing, and swelling agents for mercerization twice can be the same or different, and are selected according to actual requirements under common conditions.

However, the double mercerization treatment has a certain technical problem, that is, after the second mercerization treatment, the color fixing rate of the cotton cloth dye is reduced, and each step of the double mercerization treatment can be continued only after the previous step is completed, so that the double mercerization treatment time is long, and the production cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the problem of low fixation rate of cotton cloth dye in the traditional double mercerization treatment is solved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an efficient environment-friendly mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth, which comprises the following steps:

s1, adding a dye and an alkali-resistant penetrating agent into liquid ammonia to obtain mercerizing dye liquor;

s2, dip-dyeing a cotton tape in the mercerizing dye solution under tension, wherein the dip-dyeing temperature is-25 to-20 ℃, and the dip-dyeing time is 3 to 5min, so as to obtain primary dyed cloth;

s3, continuously dip-dyeing the primary dyed cloth in a mercerizing dye solution, adding sodium hydroxide into the mercerizing dye solution to enable the content of the sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye solution to be 100-150 g/L, raising the dip-dyeing temperature to 50-60 ℃, and carrying out dip-dyeing for 3-5 min to obtain secondary dyed cloth;

and S4, washing the secondary dyed cloth with high-pressure steam and cold and hot water alternately, and drying the washed secondary dyed cloth to obtain the finished dyed cloth.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: adding a dye and an alkali-resistant penetrating agent into liquid ammonia so that the dye can penetrate into cotton fibers in the process of swelling the cotton fibers under the action of the liquid ammonia, improving the dye fixation rate of the cotton fibers, and accelerating the penetration of the dye into the cotton fibers and reducing the color difference of the cotton cloth dyed by the dye by adding the alkali-resistant penetrating agent; sodium hydroxide (concentrated alkali) is continuously added into the mercerizing dye solution to carry out secondary mercerization treatment on the primary dyed cloth through the sodium hydroxide, and the sodium hydroxide is added into the mercerizing dye solution, so that the ionization balance of ammonia water can be promoted to be carried out towards the direction of ammonia monohydrate, and meanwhile, the dip-dyeing temperature is increased to promote the volatilization of liquid ammonia, and operators can conveniently collect the liquid ammonia; and the concentrated alkali mercerization treatment is directly carried out after the liquid ammonia mercerization treatment, the rapid transformation of cotton fiber crystals can be promoted, and the number of small pores, medium pores and large pores in the cotton fiber treated by the sodium hydroxide is obviously changed, so that the dye attached or combined in the pores is prevented from being re-dissolved into the mercerizing dye solution, and the dye fixation rate of the cotton cloth is improved.

Detailed Description

In order to explain the technical content, the objects and the effects of the present invention in detail, the following description will be given with reference to the embodiments.

A high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth comprises the following steps:

s1, adding a dye and an alkali-resistant penetrating agent into liquid ammonia to obtain mercerizing dye liquor;

s2, dip-dyeing a cotton tape in the mercerizing dye solution under tension, wherein the dip-dyeing temperature is-25 to-20 ℃, and the dip-dyeing time is 3 to 5min, so as to obtain primary dyed cloth;

s3, continuously dip-dyeing the primary dyed cloth in a mercerizing dye solution, adding sodium hydroxide into the mercerizing dye solution to enable the content of the sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye solution to be 100-150 g/L, raising the dip-dyeing temperature to 50-60 ℃, and carrying out dip-dyeing for 3-5 min to obtain secondary dyed cloth;

and S4, washing the secondary dyed cloth with high-pressure steam and cold and hot water alternately, and drying the washed secondary dyed cloth to obtain the finished dyed cloth.

Specifically, a dye and an alkali-resistant penetrating agent are added into liquid ammonia, so that the dye can penetrate into cotton fibers in the process of swelling the cotton fibers under the action of the liquid ammonia, the dye fixation rate of the cotton fibers is improved, and the penetration of the dye into the cotton fibers is accelerated and the color difference of the cotton fabrics dyed by the dye is reduced by adding the alkali-resistant penetrating agent.

Continuing to add sodium hydroxide (dense alkali) in the mercerizing dye liquor to carry out secondary mercerization to elementary cloth of dying through sodium hydroxide, and through adding sodium hydroxide to the mercerizing dye liquor, can promote the ionization equilibrium of aqueous ammonia to go on towards the direction of monohydrate ammonia, and rise simultaneously and dip-dye the temperature in order to promote liquid ammonia to volatilize, be convenient for operating personnel to collect liquid ammonia, preferably, the environment of mercerizing is gone on under airtight condition, directly let in aquatic through the air pump with the ammonia that volatilizees, in order to avoid the ammonia to reveal and cause the pollution to the environment.

The concentrated alkali mercerization treatment is directly carried out after the liquid ammonia mercerization treatment, the cotton fiber crystal can be promoted to be rapidly converted into the fiber type II, and the number of small pores, medium pores and large pores in the cotton fiber treated by the sodium hydroxide is obviously changed, particularly, the small poresIs remarkably increased in the number of mesoporesIs significantly reduced in the amount ofAnd basically disappears, so that the dye attached to the pores is fixed in the pores through the change of the pores, and the dye attached or combined in the pores is prevented from being re-dissolved into the mercerizing dye liquor, thereby improving the dye fixation rate of the cotton cloth.

And (3) passing the secondary dyed cloth through high-pressure steam to promote the dye attached to the surface of the cotton fiber to permeate into the cotton fiber through the high temperature and high pressure of the high-pressure steam so as to further improve the dye fixation rate of the cotton cloth.

And (3) carrying out cold-hot water alternative washing on the secondary cotton cloth subjected to high-pressure steam to wash down the mercerized dye liquor attached to the surface of the cotton cloth, and only improving the dye fixation rate of the cotton cloth through the arrangement of the cold-hot water alternative washing.

Add a certain amount of sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye liquor, make the content of sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye liquor be 100 ~ 150g/L, carry out secondary mercerization to the cotton with dense alkali through the low concentration (compare in traditional 250g/L), thereby avoid leading to the mercerization degree too big because dense alkali concentration is too high, thereby reduce the wearability of cotton, simultaneously through setting up dense alkali to the low concentration, can avoid the change efficiency in pore on the cotton fiber too fast, the change degree is too high leads to partial dyestuff to break away from the pore and dissociates in the mercerizing dye liquor, and then further improve the fixation rate of cotton.

It should be noted that, in this context, the dye and the alkali-resistant penetrating agent should have low temperature resistance capability, so as to avoid that the dye and the alkali-resistant penetrating agent are denatured or solidified to affect dyeing effect in the liquid ammonia mercerization process.

Preferably, the dye is added in an amount of o.w.f. 3%.

Preferably, the concentration of the alkali-resistant penetrating agent in the mercerizing dye solution is 5.0 g/L.

Furthermore, the belt tension is that the warp-wise both ends of cotton cloth are fixed respectively on the tension roller.

From the above description, it can be known that the warp direction both ends of the cotton cloth are respectively fixed on the tension rollers during the cotton cloth dip dyeing process and the cotton cloth dip dyeing process, so that the cotton cloth has certain tension, the cotton fiber is promoted to have certain orientation during the mercerization process, and the wearability of the mercerized cotton fiber is improved.

Further, the cold and hot water alternative washing comprises 3 times of 60 ℃ hot water washing and 2 times of 20 ℃ cold water washing.

Preferably, the cold and hot water alternative washing at least comprises 1-channel neutralization washing, the washing liquid of the neutralization washing contains acetic acid, and the water temperature is 50 ℃.

From the above description, it can be known that at least 1 neutralizing water washing is added in the process of alternately washing with cold water and hot water, so as to neutralize the concentrated alkali phase with the acetic acid in the washing liquid, and avoid the concentrated alkali polluting the environment.

Example 1

A high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth comprises the following steps:

s1, adding o.w.f. 3% of reactive orange O5 (purchased from Shanghai Jiaying chemical company) and 5gTF-107 (purchased from Shichengzhi Binglian Co., Ltd.) into 1L of liquid ammonia to obtain a mercerizing dye solution;

s2, dip-dyeing 100g of cotton cloth belt in the mercerizing dye solution at the dip-dyeing temperature of-25 ℃ for 3min to obtain primary dyed cloth;

s3, continuously dip-dyeing the primary dyed cloth in the mercerizing dye solution, adding sodium hydroxide into the mercerizing dye solution to enable the content of the sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye solution to be 100g/L, raising the dip-dyeing temperature to 50 ℃, and carrying out dip-dyeing for 3min to obtain secondary dyed cloth;

and S4, passing the secondary dyed cloth through 6MPa high-pressure steam, performing 60-20 ℃ cold water-neutralization washing (50 ℃, 5% acetic acid) -60 ℃ hot water-20 ℃ cold water washing after passing the high-pressure steam, and drying the secondary dyed cloth at 90 ℃ to obtain the finished dyed cloth.

Example 2

A high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing-like dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth comprises the following steps:

s1, adding o.w.f. 3% of reactive orange O5 (purchased from Shanghai Jiaying chemical company) and 5gTF-107 (purchased from Shichengzhi Binglian Co., Ltd.) into 1L of liquid ammonia to obtain a mercerizing dye solution;

s2, dip-dyeing 100g of cotton cloth belt in the mercerizing dye solution at the dip-dyeing temperature of-20 ℃ for 5min to obtain primary dyed cloth;

s3, continuously dip-dyeing the primary dyed cloth in the mercerizing dye solution, adding sodium hydroxide into the mercerizing dye solution to enable the content of the sodium hydroxide in the mercerizing dye solution to be 150g/L, raising the dip-dyeing temperature to 50 ℃, and carrying out dip-dyeing for 5min to obtain secondary dyed cloth;

and S4, passing the secondary dyed cloth through 6MPa high-pressure steam, sequentially carrying out 60-20 ℃ cold water-neutralization water washing (50 ℃, 5% acetic acid) -60 ℃ hot water-20 ℃ cold water washing after passing the high-pressure steam, and drying the secondary dyed cloth at 90 ℃ to obtain the finished dyed cloth.

Comparative example 1

A mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process of cotton cloth with silk-like luster is different from that of the example 1 in that after the cotton cloth is mercerized by liquid ammonia, the cotton cloth is dried and fixed, the specific treatment processes are 5min at 60 ℃ and 3min at 90 ℃, and then the fixed cotton cloth is put into a concentrated alkali solution (250g/L) for 3 min; finally, the same step S4 as in example 1 was carried out to obtain a finished dyed fabric.

Detection example 1

The finished dyed fabrics obtained in example 1, example 2 and comparative example 1 were subjected to color fixation rate measurement.

The formula for measuring and calculating the color fixing rate is as follows: f% (M1-M2-M3)/M3X 100%

Wherein F% represents the fixation;

m1 represents the mass of the dye before dyeing;

m2 represents the mass of the dye in the mercerizing dye solution after dyeing;

m3 represents the mass of dye in the washing liquid after washing.

Wherein M1, M2 and M3 can be calculated from the characteristic that reactive orange O5 has the maximum absorption peak at 510 nm. The results of the color fixation rate measurement are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from table 1, the color fixing rates of the example 1 and the example 2 are both greater than the color fixing rate of the comparative example 1 (conventional double mercerization treatment), that is, the high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerization-like dyeing and finishing process for cotton cloth provided by the invention can effectively improve the color fixing rate of the cotton cloth. Compared with the comparative example 1, the dyeing step and the first liquid ammonia mercerization step in the mercerization and dyeing imitation process are overlapped, the second mercerization step can be directly carried out, the cotton cloth subjected to the first mercerization treatment does not need to be dried, the cotton cloth dyeing and finishing process flow and time can be effectively shortened, and the cotton cloth mercerization and dyeing efficiency is improved.

In conclusion, according to the high-efficiency environment-friendly mercerizing and dyeing and finishing process for the cotton cloth, the dye and the alkali-resistant penetrating agent are added into the liquid ammonia, so that the dye can penetrate into the cotton fiber in the process of swelling the cotton fiber under the action of the liquid ammonia, the dye fixation rate of the cotton fiber is improved, and the penetration of the dye into the cotton fiber is accelerated and the color difference of the cotton cloth dyed by the dye is reduced through the addition of the alkali-resistant penetrating agent; sodium hydroxide (concentrated alkali) is continuously added into the mercerizing dye solution to carry out secondary mercerization treatment on the primary dyed cloth through the sodium hydroxide, and the sodium hydroxide is added into the mercerizing dye solution, so that the ionization balance of ammonia water can be promoted to be carried out towards the direction of ammonia monohydrate, and meanwhile, the dip-dyeing temperature is increased to promote the volatilization of liquid ammonia, and operators can conveniently collect the liquid ammonia; and the concentrated alkali mercerization treatment is directly carried out after the liquid ammonia mercerization treatment, the rapid transformation of cotton fiber crystals can be promoted, and the number of small pores, medium pores and large pores in the cotton fiber treated by the sodium hydroxide is obviously changed, so that the dye attached or combined in the pores is prevented from being re-dissolved into the mercerizing dye solution, and the dye fixation rate of the cotton cloth is improved.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification or directly or indirectly applied to the related technical field are included in the scope of the present invention.