阅读说明：本技术 基于拉卡效应的固态制冷装置及方法 (Solid-state refrigeration device and method based on Laka effect ) 是由 熊传溪 张世贤 李晨健 王珊 杨全岭 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种基于拉卡效应的固态制冷装置及方法,包括内部附件和外部附件,内部附件包括壳体、盖板、固态制冷剂、形变驱动机构和运输介质,壳体中心设有内凹槽,盖板与壳体密封配置连接,形成内凹腔,形变驱动机构设于内凹腔中心,形成环状介质腔,运输介质储存于介质腔内底部,固态制冷剂的一端固定于壳体上,另一端固定于形变驱动机构上,固态制冷剂产生的热量及冷能通过运输介质输送至外部附件。本发明利用固态制冷剂材料的可逆构象变化或可逆相变而产生的热量和冷能,通过运输介质的流动达到冷能和热量分离及传输的效果。(The invention provides a solid-state refrigeration device and method based on a pull-card effect, and the solid-state refrigeration device comprises an internal accessory and an external accessory, wherein the internal accessory comprises a shell, a cover plate, a solid-state refrigerant, a deformation driving mechanism and a transportation medium, an inner groove is formed in the center of the shell, the cover plate is connected with the shell in a sealing configuration mode to form an inner concave cavity, the deformation driving mechanism is arranged in the center of the inner concave cavity to form an annular medium cavity, the transportation medium is stored at the bottom in the medium cavity, one end of the solid-state refrigerant is fixed on the shell, the other end of the solid-state refrigerant is fixed on the deformation driving mechanism, and heat and cold energy generated by the solid-state refrigerant are conveyed to the external accessory through the transportation medium. The invention utilizes the heat and cold energy generated by reversible conformation change or reversible phase change of the solid refrigerant material to achieve the effect of separating and transmitting the cold energy and the heat through the flow of the transport medium.)

1. Solid-state refrigerating plant based on draw card effect, its characterized in that, including inside annex and outside annex, inside annex includes casing, apron, solid-state refrigerant, deformation actuating mechanism and transportation medium, the casing center is equipped with the inner groovy, the apron is connected with casing sealing configuration, forms the inner cavity, deformation actuating mechanism locates inner cavity center forms annular medium chamber, the transportation medium is stored in medium intracavity bottom, on the one end of solid-state refrigerant was fixed in the casing, the other end was fixed in on the deformation actuating mechanism, heat and the cold energy that solid-state refrigerant produced were carried extremely through the transportation medium outside annex.

2. The solid-state refrigeration device based on the pull-card effect according to claim 1, wherein the external accessories comprise a heat treatment component and a cold energy treatment component, the heat treatment component comprises a heat transportation heat preservation water pipe, a radiator and a heat water pump, two ends of the heat transportation heat preservation water pipe are respectively communicated with the medium cavity, and the radiator and the heat water pump are both arranged on the heat transportation heat preservation water pipe; the cold energy processing assembly comprises a cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe, a cold energy dissipation or storage mechanism and a cold energy water pump, wherein the two ends of the cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe are respectively communicated with the medium cavity, and the cold energy dissipation or storage mechanism and the cold energy water pump are arranged on the cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape-changing driving mechanism comprises a rotary driving motor and a rotary disk, the rotary disk is fixed in the center of the inner concave cavity through a central shaft, the rotary driving motor is fixed outside the casing and connected with the central shaft to drive the rotary disk to rotate, and the other end of the solid refrigerant is fixed on the rotary disk.

4. The solid state refrigeration device based on the Rakah effect as claimed in claim 3, wherein the circumferential surface of the rotating disk is of a groove structure, two side edges of the groove are fixed with cylinders through rotating shafts, and the cylinders are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the groove.

5. The solid state refrigeration device based on the Raka effect according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the transport medium is water or a heat conducting oil.

6. The refrigeration method of the solid-state refrigeration device based on the Laplace effect is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1) solid refrigerant drawing heating: starting a rotary driving motor to rotate anticlockwise, driving a rotating disc to rotate reversely, winding a solid refrigerant on a cylinder arranged on the circumference of the rotating disc along with the rotation of the rotating disc, stretching at room temperature, raising the temperature to generate heat, carrying out heat exchange between the heat and a transport medium, starting a heat water pump, enabling the transport medium to flow into a heat transport heat preservation water pipe, recovering the room temperature after the heat is radiated by a radiator, and flowing back into a shell medium cavity;

s2) solid refrigerant recovery refrigeration: the solid refrigerant is recovered to the room temperature in a stretching state, the rotary driving motor is started to rotate clockwise to drive the rotary disc to rotate forwards, the solid refrigerant recovers the original length, meanwhile, the temperature is reduced to below the room temperature to generate cold energy, after the cold energy and the transport medium are subjected to heat exchange, the cold energy water pump is started, the transport medium flows into the cold energy transport heat preservation water pipe, and flows through the energy storage device to be stored for cooling an external high-temperature heat source.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid refrigeration, and particularly relates to a solid refrigeration device and method based on a pull card effect.

Background

Refrigeration by compression or expansion of a gas is the primary mode of operation of modern refrigeration equipment. It was found to have two significant drawbacks during long-term use: the compressor has a low refrigeration efficiency, and the refrigerant represented by freon is the cause of atmospheric pollution. With the increasing requirements of people on energy conservation and environmental protection, it is more urgent to find a novel refrigeration mode to replace the traditional gas compression refrigeration. In this social context, solid-state refrigeration technology has emerged.

The basis for the operation of this new refrigeration technology is the reversible thermal effect of solid state materials, i.e., the thermal response (temperature and entropy changes) that the material generates when an external field is applied or removed. Thermal effects can be classified into magnetic cards (magnetacoric), electric cards (Electrocaloric) and mechanical cards (mecanoloric) according to the nature of external fields (magnetic field, electric field, stress field, etc.). The mechanical clamping effect can be classified into a pull card (Elastocaloric), a press card (Barocaloric) and a twist card (twist caloric) according to the different modes of the external force.

A temperature entropy diagram based on the Laka effect cycle process is shown in figure 1. Step 1 is the original state, the refrigerant material is the original length, and the temperature is the ambient temperature. In the step 2, the refrigerant material is deformed to generate conformational change or phase change. In step 3, the refrigerant material is returned to room temperature by heat exchange. And 4, recovering the refrigerant material to be original, generating conformation recovery or phase change, reducing the temperature to be lower than the room temperature, and recovering the step 1 through heat exchange.

In recent years, researchers have found a significant room temperature calorie effect in a range of solid phase change materials. Among the main materials having the lata effect are Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) and the like. The tremendous larka effect found in SMA has therefore prompted the development of complex refrigeration devices. Solid state refrigeration technology based on the lacca effect is considered to be the most potential alternative to conventional refrigeration equipment. The strain drive required tends to be small due to SMA during the martensite to austenite reversible phase change. In the prior art, the refrigerant material can generate reversible phase change only by reversible strain of 1 to 10 percent, and the larka effect is generated. Accordingly, the stress drive required for these SMA refrigerant materials during reversible phase changes is often greater than several hundred MPa and even GPa. Such large driving stresses are difficult to achieve in practical applications. The refrigerator researched and developed by the method is high in manufacturing cost, large in size and not practical.

In contrast, some polymer materials, inorganic materials, etc., which are less expensive than alloys, require less driving stress during the refrigeration cycle to produce a greater la-ka effect. The natural rubber is proved to have the temperature change of the La Ka effect of 9-12K and the entropy change of the La Ka effect of 67-80J/Kg/K by research. The tensile stress of NR materials is two orders of magnitude smaller than it is. Another class of polymers with a potential larka effect is PVDF-based polymers. PVDF has temperature changes of delta T to 1.8K and delta S to 9J kg at room temperature^-1K^-1The corresponding strain is epsilon-2.5%, and the stress is sigma-15 MPa. The P (VDF-TrFE-CTFE) block copolymer has temperature change delta T-2.15K and delta S-11J kg at room temperature^-1K^-1The corresponding strain is epsilon-2%, and the stress is sigma-87 MPa. In addition, the research and development of different kinds of materials with the effect of the larka effect are also the research hotspots of the solid-state refrigeration technology at present.

Accordingly, such materials with very low drive stress often require large strains to produce significant latchup. Such as natural rubber, require a strain of about 400% to induce tensile crystallization, and even 600% -700% strain to induce a greater la-ka effect. Although lower stress requirements improve the development feasibility of this type of la-ka material refrigeration unit, the greater strain also increases the external dimensions of the refrigeration unit, while not favoring the separation and removal of the la-ka heat.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solid-state refrigeration device and method based on the larka effect, wherein the transportation medium is heated or cooled by using the heat and energy generated by the solid-state refrigerant material with reversible conformational change or reversible phase change in the reversible deformation process, and the cold and heat are pumped respectively by the flow of the transportation medium, so as to achieve the effects of separating and transmitting the cold energy and the heat energy.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: solid-state refrigerating plant based on draw card effect, its characterized in that, including inside annex and outside annex, inside annex includes casing, apron, solid-state refrigerant, deformation actuating mechanism and transportation medium, the casing center is equipped with the inner groovy, the apron is connected with casing sealing configuration, forms the inner cavity, deformation actuating mechanism locates inner cavity center forms annular medium chamber, the transportation medium is stored in medium intracavity bottom, on the one end of solid-state refrigerant was fixed in the casing, the other end was fixed in on the deformation actuating mechanism, heat and the cold energy that solid-state refrigerant produced were carried extremely through the transportation medium outside annex.

According to the scheme, the external accessory comprises a heat treatment component and a cold energy treatment component, the heat treatment component comprises a heat transportation heat preservation water pipe, a radiator and a heat water pump, two ends of the heat transportation heat preservation water pipe are respectively communicated with the medium cavity, and the radiator and the heat water pump are both arranged on the heat transportation heat preservation water pipe; the cold energy processing assembly comprises a cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe, a cold energy dissipation or storage mechanism or a cold energy water pump, wherein the two ends of the cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe are respectively communicated with the medium cavity, and the cold energy dissipation or storage mechanism and the cold energy water pump are arranged on the cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe.

According to the scheme, the deformation driving mechanism comprises a rotary driving motor and a rotary disc, the rotary disc is fixed at the center of the inner concave cavity through a central shaft, the rotary driving motor is fixed outside the shell and connected with the central shaft to drive the rotary disc to rotate, and the other end of the solid refrigerant is fixed on the rotary disc.

According to the scheme, the circumferential surface of the rotating disc is of a groove structure, the two side edges of the groove are provided with the rotating shaft fixing cylinders, and the cylinders are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the groove.

According to the scheme, the transportation medium is water or heat conduction oil.

The refrigeration method of the solid-state refrigeration device based on the Laplace effect is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1) solid refrigerant drawing heating: starting a rotary driving motor to rotate anticlockwise, driving a rotating disc to rotate reversely, winding a solid refrigerant on a cylinder arranged on the circumference of the rotating disc along with the rotation of the rotating disc, stretching at room temperature, raising the temperature to generate heat, carrying out heat exchange between the heat and a transport medium, starting a heat water pump, enabling the transport medium to flow into a heat transport heat preservation water pipe, recovering the room temperature after the heat is radiated by a radiator, and flowing back into a shell medium cavity;

s2) solid refrigerant recovery refrigeration: the solid refrigerant is recovered to the room temperature in a stretching state, the rotary driving motor is started to rotate clockwise to drive the rotary disc to rotate forwards, the solid refrigerant recovers the original length, meanwhile, the temperature is reduced to below the room temperature to generate cold energy, after the cold energy and the transport medium are subjected to heat exchange, the cold energy water pump is started, the transport medium flows into the cold energy transport heat preservation water pipe, and flows through the energy storage device to be stored for cooling an external high-temperature heat source.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the solid-state refrigerating device and the method based on the pull-card effect are provided, aiming at the solid-state refrigerant material with the pull-card effect with extremely low driving stress, the rotating disc is arranged in the shell, so that the solid-state refrigerant is stretched and coiled along the circumferential direction of the rotating disc, the large strain requirement of the solid-state refrigerant is met, the overall external size of the refrigerating device is not increased, the size is small, and the practical value is high; meanwhile, the reversible deformation process of the solid refrigerant has reversible conformation change or reversible phase change, and the generated heat and cold energy can be respectively pumped and processed, so that the effects of separating and transmitting the cold energy and the heat energy are achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a temperature entropy diagram based on the lacca effect cycling process.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating disk according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5a-5d are diagrams of solid state refrigerant refrigeration processes according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 2-4, solid-state refrigerating plant based on the zipper effect, including inside annex and outside annex, inside annex includes casing 1, apron 2, solid-state refrigerant 3, deformation actuating mechanism and transportation medium, the casing center is equipped with inner groovy 4, the apron is connected with casing seal configuration, form interior concave cavity, deformation actuating mechanism locates interior concave cavity center, form annular medium chamber 5, the transportation medium is stored in medium intracavity bottom, the one end of solid-state refrigerant is fixed in on the casing, the other end is fixed in on the deformation actuating mechanism, heat and the cold energy that solid-state refrigerant produced are carried to outside annex through the transportation medium.

The external accessory comprises a heat treatment component and a cold energy treatment component, the heat treatment component comprises a heat transportation heat preservation water pipe 6, a radiator 7 and a heat water pump 8, two ends of the heat transportation heat preservation water pipe are respectively communicated with the medium cavity, and the radiator and the heat water pump are both arranged on the heat transportation heat preservation water pipe; the cold energy processing assembly comprises a cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe 9, a cold energy dissipation or storage mechanism 10 and a cold energy water pump 11, two ends of the cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe are respectively communicated with the medium cavity, and the energy accumulator and the cold energy water pump are arranged on the cold energy transportation heat preservation water pipe.

The cold energy dissipation mechanism is a radiator, and the working principle of the cold energy dissipation mechanism is similar to that of an air conditioner; the cold energy storage mechanism is a heat reservoir, and the working principle of the cold energy storage mechanism is similar to that of a refrigerator.

The deformation driving mechanism comprises a rotary driving motor and a rotary disk 12, the rotary disk is fixed in the center of the inner concave cavity through a central shaft, the rotary driving motor is fixed outside the shell and connected with the central shaft to drive the rotary disk to rotate, and the other end of the solid refrigerant is fixed on the rotary disk. The periphery of rotary disk is the groove structure, and the both sides limit of recess is through pivot stationary cylinder 13, and the cylinder is evenly spaced along the recess circumference and is set up. The cylinder on the periphery of the rotating disc can rotate freely, so that the friction reducing effect is achieved, and the uniform stretching of the solid refrigerant is ensured. Two ends of the solid refrigerant are respectively fixed on the device cover plate and the rotating disc through clamps. The rotating disc rotates anticlockwise to drive the solid refrigerant to deform greatly, and the solid refrigerant returns to the original state when rotating clockwise.

The transport medium is different according to the refrigeration condition. Selecting a medium with a large specific heat capacity, such as water, if a large amount of heat needs to be carried per unit time; if the external environment or the object needs to obtain large temperature change, a medium with small specific heat capacity, such as heat conduction oil, is selected, and the transport medium exchanges heat with the solid refrigerant to realize energy transmission.

As shown in fig. 5a-5d, the refrigeration process of the solid-state refrigeration device is as follows:

step 1 is in an original state, solid refrigerant is installed in an inner concave cavity formed by a cover plate, a shell and a rotating disc, and two ends of the solid refrigerant are respectively fixed on the shell and the rotating disc. And 2, applying tensile stress to solid refrigerant materials with low tensile stress, high tensile strain and reversible conformational change or/and reversible phase change in the deformation process, such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers (polyurethane elastomers, SEBS and the like) and composite materials added with heat conduction and reinforcing fillers, so that the refrigerant materials are stretched at room temperature. The refrigerant material temperature rise generates a large amount of heat. The heat is exchanged with a transport medium (water, etc.) and flows out of the refrigeration device. The heat conducted out by the transport medium flows through the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the environment, then the room temperature is recovered, and the heat flows back to the refrigerating device. And 3, keeping the solid refrigerant in a stretching state, and recovering the room temperature. And 4, after the tensile stress is removed, the solid refrigerant spontaneously recovers the original length, and the temperature is reduced to below room temperature to generate cold energy. The cold energy and the transport medium flow out of the refrigerating device after heat exchange. The cold energy guided out by the transport medium flows through the energy storage device to be stored for cooling an external high-temperature heat source.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.