阅读说明：本技术 基于太阳能电池的低剖面高增益谐振天线 (Low-profile high-gain resonant antenna based on solar cell ) 是由 刘震国 张超 陆卫兵 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是一种基于太阳能电池的低剖面高增益谐振天线,包括谐振腔及其位于谐振腔中的线极化馈源(1),所述的谐振腔包括平行设置的上层透明栏栅状的部分反射面(2)和下层的人工磁导体(3),上层的部分反射面由透明的亚克力介质基板(4)和透明铜微网(5)构成,下层的方形人工磁导体单元由太阳能电池(3),介质基板(6)和金属地板(1)构成。馈源(1)放置在谐振腔的底部中间,由微带天线构成,从底部的接地板(7)馈电。部分反射面(2)和人工磁导体(3)由尼龙柱连接固定。天线在进行通信的同时,能够收集太阳能并将其转化为直流功率为天线的工作提供了能量,为户外和空间无线通讯设备提供一个有效的供能途径。(The invention relates to a low-profile high-gain resonant antenna based on a solar cell, which comprises a resonant cavity and a linear polarization feed source (1) positioned in the resonant cavity, wherein the resonant cavity comprises an upper transparent fence-shaped partial reflecting surface (2) and a lower artificial magnetic conductor (3) which are arranged in parallel, the upper partial reflecting surface consists of a transparent acrylic dielectric substrate (4) and a transparent copper micro-grid (5), and a lower square artificial magnetic conductor unit consists of the solar cell (3), a dielectric substrate (6) and a metal floor (1). The feed source (1) is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the resonant cavity, is composed of a microstrip antenna and feeds power from a grounding plate (7) at the bottom. The partial reflecting surface (2) and the artificial magnetic conductor (3) are connected and fixed by a nylon column. When the antenna is used for communication, solar energy can be collected and converted into direct current power, so that energy is provided for the operation of the antenna, and an effective energy supply way is provided for outdoor and space wireless communication equipment.)

1. The utility model provides a self-energized low-profile high-gain resonant antenna based on solar cell which characterized in that: the resonant antenna comprises a resonant cavity and a feed source (1) positioned in the resonant cavity; the resonant cavity comprises an upper-layer partial reflecting surface (2) and a lower-layer artificial magnetic conductor (3) which are arranged in parallel, the lower-layer artificial magnetic conductor (3) unit is composed of a solar cell positioned on the upper surface of a medium substrate (6), the lower-layer artificial magnetic conductor (3) is used as an antenna for receiving signals and a solar cell for generating electric energy, and a ground plate (7) of the lower-layer artificial magnetic conductor (3) is used as a floor of the solar cell.

2. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 1, wherein: the feed source (1) is composed of a microstrip antenna.

3. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 1, wherein: the partial reflecting surface (2) on the upper layer is of a barrier structure formed by a transparent plate (4) and a copper micro-grid (5), and the copper micro-grid (5) is located on the surface of the transparent plate (4).

4. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 1, wherein: the partial reflecting surface (2), the artificial magnetic conductor (3) at the lower layer and the dielectric substrate (6) are fixedly connected at four corners by non-conductive materials.

5. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 3, wherein: the transparent plate (4) is a transparent acrylic plate.

6. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 4, wherein: the non-conductive material is a nylon column.

7. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 1, wherein: when the antenna can carry out normal communication, the artificial magnetic conductor formed by the solar cell can also collect solar energy, and converts the solar energy into direct current power to supply energy for normal work of the antenna.

8. The solar-cell-based self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the partial reflecting surface (2) of the upper layer and the artificial magnetic conductor (3) of the lower layer satisfies d ═ 1/4+ n/2) lambda₀Wherein λ is₀A free space wavelength of an electromagnetic wave with a center frequency, n being 0,1, 2; the artificial magnetic conductor can effectively reduce the section height of the antenna.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of self-powered antennas, in particular to a self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna based on a solar cell, which is suitable for outdoor and space wireless communication systems.

Background

With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the research on high-gain and high-directivity antennas is becoming a hot topic. Conventional high gain antennas include reflector antennas, dielectric lens antennas, waveguide horn antennas, antenna arrays, and the like. These antennas have problems of large size, complex structure and low efficiency. Compared with the traditional antennas, the high-gain resonant cavity antenna has the advantages of simple structure, high aperture utilization rate and radiation efficiency of the antenna and the like, and can be widely applied to wireless transmission systems such as base stations, satellite communication and the like. However, the conventional high gain resonant cavity antenna is composed of a Partially Reflecting Surface (PRS) and a metal reflecting plate, and in order to meet the phase requirement, the profile of the conventional high gain resonant cavity antenna is generally λ/2, which is still relatively thick compared to the conventional microstrip array. Therefore, the Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) effectively reduces the section of the high-gain resonant antenna, reaches the height of lambda/4 or even lower, and greatly reduces the size of the antenna.

On the other hand, in the face of the increasing shortage of energy, in order to meet the energy supply requirement of outdoor and space wireless communication equipment, a dual-function system integrating a solar cell and an antenna has been proposed. It can be widely applied to a series of applications from urban networks, satellite communication to wireless sensors and robotic systems. The system converts solar energy into DC power by using the integrated solar cell under the condition of no need of charging, provides energy for normal operation of a radio system, realizes self-power supply of equipment, and reduces the size and the cost of the system to a certain extent by the structure of the integrated solar cell and the antenna.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the low-profile high-gain resonant antenna, the solar cell is made into the artificial magnetic conductor and is integrated on the antenna, the overall size is reduced, and the solar energy can be collected and converted into direct current energy to supply energy for the operation of the antenna.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the self-powered low-profile high-gain resonant antenna based on the solar cell adopts the technical scheme that:

the resonant antenna comprises a resonant cavity and a feed source positioned in the resonant cavity; the resonant cavity comprises an upper partial reflecting surface and a lower artificial magnetic conductor which are arranged in parallel, the lower artificial magnetic conductor unit is composed of a solar cell positioned on the upper surface of a medium substrate, the lower artificial magnetic conductor is used as an antenna for receiving signals and a solar cell for generating electric energy, and a ground plate of the lower artificial magnetic conductor is used as a floor of the solar cell.

The feed source is composed of a microstrip antenna.

The partial reflecting surface of the upper layer is of a barrier structure formed by a transparent plate and a copper micro-grid, and the copper micro-grid is located on the surface of the transparent plate.

The partial reflecting surface, the artificial magnetic conductor at the lower layer and the dielectric substrate are fixedly connected at four corners by non-conductive materials.

The transparent plate is a transparent acrylic plate.

The non-conductive material is a nylon column.

When the antenna can carry out normal communication, the artificial magnetic conductor formed by the solar cell can also collect solar energy, and converts the solar energy into direct current power to supply energy for normal work of the antenna.

The distance between the partial reflection surface of the upper layer and the artificial magnetic conductor of the lower layer satisfies d ═ 1/4+ n/2) lambda₀Wherein λ is₀A free space wavelength of an electromagnetic wave with a center frequency, n being 0,1, 2; the artificial magnetic conductor can effectively reduce the section height of the antenna.

The invention provides a compact self-powered wireless communication system, and the antenna can collect solar energy and convert the solar energy into direct current power to provide energy for the work of the antenna while communicating, thereby meeting the energy supply requirements of outdoor and space wireless communication equipment.

Has the advantages that: compared with the existing high-gain resonant antenna, the invention has the following outstanding characteristics:

1. the invention has more compact size, can effectively reduce the section of the antenna by utilizing the 0-degree reflection phase of the artificial magnetic conductor, integrates the solar cell by replacing the traditional artificial magnetic conductor unit with the solar cell, and realizes a dual-function system integrating communication and energy supply.

2. The upper layer of the antenna adopts a transparent fence-shaped partial reflecting surface, so that more solar energy can be irradiated on the surface of the solar cell, and the work of the solar cell is ensured.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the artificial magnetic conductor and the feed source of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a partially reflective surface of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a periodic unit structure of a partially reflective surface according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph of the reflection coefficient of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a graph of gain response of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a Phi 0 ° pattern of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a Phi 90 ° pattern of the present invention.

The figure shows that: the micro-grid antenna comprises a feed source 1, an upper partial reflecting surface 2, a lower artificial magnetic conductor 3, a transparent plate 4, a copper micro-grid 5, a dielectric substrate 6 and a ground plate 7.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1,2 and 3, the self-powered wireless communication system of the low-profile high-gain resonant antenna based on the solar cell comprises a resonant cavity and a feed source 1 positioned in the resonant cavity, wherein the bottom of the resonant cavity is provided with a lower artificial magnetic conductor 3 and the feed source 1, the feed source is composed of a microstrip antenna, and the feed source passes through the bottomThe ground plate 7 of the part is fed, the artificial magnetic conductor 3 of the lower layer is replaced by a solar cell, and the bottom structure of the resonant cavity is shown in fig. 3. The partial reflecting surface 2 of the upper layer of the resonant cavity is composed of a transparent plate 4, namely a transparent acrylic material and a transparent copper micro-grid 5, as shown in fig. 4, the structure is a barrier structure, compared with the traditional PRS, the shadow area is reduced, and the output of the solar cell is ensured. The center distance between the partial reflection surface 2 of the upper layer and the artificial magnetic conductor 3 of the lower layer satisfies d ═ 1/4+ n/2) lambda₀Condition (a) wherein₀N is 0,1,2. The aim of low profile is achieved, and the upper partially reflecting surface 2 and the lower artificial magnetic conductor 3 are structurally fixed by nylon columns in a connecting mode.

As shown in FIG. 5, the PRS of the barrier structure of the component reflecting surface has a width W of the internal square through hole₁The width of the outer square is W₂。

To facilitate the explanation of the design process of each structural parameter, given the structural parameters, as shown in fig. 1,2, 3 and 4, the overall size of the antenna is 190mm × 190mm × 18 mm. The feed source is composed of a microstrip antenna, the working frequency is 2.41-2.44GHz, the size of the microstrip antenna is 31mm multiplied by 37mm, the solar cell and the patch antenna are manufactured on a Rogers4003 dielectric substrate with the thickness of 2.54mm, the dielectric constant of 3.55 and the loss tangent angle of 0.0027, the size of the solar cell on the upper layer of the unit is 27mm multiplied by 27mm, and the space is 2 mm. The PRS is transparent on the upper layer and is made of a transparent copper micro-grid and an acrylic plate, the dielectric constant of the acrylic plate is 2.55, the loss tangent angle is 0.005, the thickness is 1mm, the output of the solar cell is correspondingly increased for reducing the shadow effect of the transparent PRS on the upper layer to a greater degree, the PRS adopts a barrier structure, the PRS unit structure is as shown in figure 5, and the inner width and the outer width of the PRS unit structure are respectively W₁21.4mm, the width of the outer square is W₂The overall dimensions of the upper PRS layer were 133mm x 133 mm. . Selecting high-frequency simulation software such as HFSS of Ansoft company, Microwave Studio CST of CST company and the like, and performing analog simulation on a computer to obtain: such as the reflection coefficient graph shown in FIG. 6, the gain frequency response graph shown in FIG. 7,The pattern Phi of 0 ° shown in fig. 8 and the pattern Phi of 90 ° shown in fig. 9. The curves obtained above are actually obtained under given conditions, and similar curves can be obtained by changing the structural parameters.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.