阅读说明：本技术 一种电磁偶极子介质谐振器天线及通信设备 (Electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna and communication equipment ) 是由 赵伟 唐小兰 谢昱乾 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种电磁偶极子介质谐振器天线及通信设备,通过使设置在天线地上的矩形介质谐振块工作于基模TE111,从而能够将矩形介质谐振器等效为磁偶极子,并在矩形介质谐振块内设置电偶极子,使天线构成电磁偶极子天线；并且,由于电偶极子设置在矩形介质谐振块内,不需占用PCB高度,而磁偶极子由通过质谐振块等效实现,也不需要占用PCB,因此天线电磁偶极子部分的结构不需要基于PCB设计,从而降低了电磁偶极子天线的PCB层数,降低了加工打样成本。(The invention discloses an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna and communication equipment.A rectangular dielectric resonator block arranged on the ground of the antenna works in a base mode TE111, so that the rectangular dielectric resonator can be equivalent to a magnetic dipole, and an electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonator block, so that the antenna forms the electromagnetic dipole antenna; and because the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, the height of the PCB is not required to be occupied, and the magnetic dipole is equivalently realized by the mass resonance block and does not need to occupy the PCB, the structure of the electromagnetic dipole part of the antenna is not required to be designed based on the PCB, so that the number of layers of the PCB of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is reduced, and the processing and proofing cost is reduced.)

1. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna is characterized by comprising a rectangular dielectric resonator block, an electric dipole, an antenna ground and a dielectric layer;

the antenna ground is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer;

the rectangular dielectric resonance block is arranged on one side of the antenna, which is far away from the dielectric layer;

a feed gap is arranged in a region of the antenna corresponding to the rectangular dielectric resonance block;

the main body of the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, and one end of the feeding part of the electric dipole penetrates through the antenna ground and is connected with the feeding structure in the dielectric layer.

2. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein said electric dipole comprises a left electric dipole arm and a right electric dipole arm;

the left arm of the electric dipole and the right arm of the electric dipole are symmetrically distributed;

the radiation part of the left arm of the electric dipole faces one side of the rectangular dielectric resonant block;

the radiation part of the right arm of the electric dipole faces the other side opposite to the one side of the rectangular dielectric resonance block;

the feed gap is parallel to the radiation part of the left arm of the electric dipole.

3. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 2, wherein said feed structure comprises a balun and a microstrip;

the input end of the balun is used for connecting an input signal, and the output end of the balun is respectively connected with the feed part of the left arm of the electric dipole and the feed part of the right arm of the electric dipole;

the input end of the microstrip is used for connecting an input signal, and the output end of the microstrip is coupled with the feed gap.

4. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 3, wherein said balun includes a first output terminal connected to said feed of said left arm of said electric dipole and a second output terminal connected to said feed of said right arm of said electric dipole;

the length of the first output end connecting line is longer than that of the second output end connecting line by lambda/2, and lambda is the central frequency wavelength of the antenna.

5. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 4, wherein said second output of said balun is aligned with a connection to said electric dipole;

the first output end of the balun and the connection line of the electric dipole form a zigzag shape, and the zigzag length is lambda/2.

6. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 3, wherein said microstrip output end forms an impedance of a magnitude impedance matching said rectangular dielectric resonator mass.

7. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 6, wherein said output ends of said microstrips are "L" shaped.

8. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 3, further comprising a diplexer;

the input end of the common divider is used for connecting input signals, the first output end of the common divider is connected with the input end of the microstrip, and the second output end of the common divider is connected with the input end of the balun.

9. An electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein said electric dipole is disposed at a position corresponding to a center of a bottom surface of said rectangular dielectric resonator block.

10. A communication device comprising an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna and communication equipment.

Background

The electromagnetic dipole antenna realizes the characteristics of high gain, low back lobe and the like by utilizing the characteristic that radiation generated by the respective excitation of an electric dipole and a magnetic dipole is complementary in an E-plane directional diagram and an H-plane directional diagram. Therefore, compared with the traditional microstrip antenna excited by the probe, the electromagnetic dipole antenna has higher working bandwidth and antenna gain.

The antenna layer portion of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is comprised of an electric dipole and a magnetic dipole. Magnetic dipoles are typically employed as loop-mounted metal antennas. The feeding mode of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is generally as follows: the feed line feeds the magnetic dipole, and then the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are coupled to feed, so that the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are excited at the same frequency band to generate radiation at the same time, and the generated radiation forms low back lobe radiation after an E-plane directional diagram and an H-plane directional diagram are added, thereby enabling the antenna to have a high-gain effect.

However, the theoretical maximum value of gain of the electric dipole is such that the height between the electric dipole and the antenna ground is at least 0.25 lambda_g(λ_gAt the antenna dielectric wavelength). And the height difference between the electric dipole and the antenna ground needs to be realized through multilayer PCB dielectric stack. Therefore, in order to make the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole have a high profile, it is necessary to process a patterned multi-layer PCB. And the cost of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is increased by processing the sample multilayer PCB, and the integration of the antenna is not facilitated by a higher section.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provided are an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna and a communication device, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the electromagnetic dipole antenna.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna comprises a rectangular dielectric resonator block, an electric dipole, an antenna ground and a dielectric layer;

the antenna ground is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer;

the rectangular dielectric resonance block is arranged on one side of the antenna, which is far away from the dielectric layer;

a feed gap is arranged in a region of the antenna corresponding to the rectangular dielectric resonance block so that the rectangular dielectric resonance block works in a basic mode state;

the main body of the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, and one end of the feeding part of the electric dipole penetrates through the antenna ground and is connected with the feeding structure in the dielectric layer.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts another technical scheme as follows:

a communication device comprises the electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rectangular dielectric resonator is equivalent to a magnetic dipole by operating the rectangular dielectric resonator block arranged on the ground of the antenna in a basic mode state TE111, and an electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonator block to enable the antenna to form an electromagnetic dipole antenna; and because the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, the height of the PCB is not required to be occupied, and the magnetic dipole is equivalently realized by the mass resonance block and does not need to occupy the PCB, the structure of the electromagnetic dipole part of the antenna is not required to be designed based on the PCB, so that the number of layers of the PCB of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is reduced, and the processing and proofing cost is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural side view of an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural bottom view of an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

1. a rectangular dielectric resonator block; 2. an electric dipole; 21. an electric dipole left arm; 22. an electric dipole right arm; 3. an antenna ground; 4. a dielectric layer; 5. a feed gap; 6. a balun; 7. a microstrip; 8. a centimeter.

Detailed Description

In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna includes a rectangular dielectric resonator block, an electric dipole, an antenna ground and a dielectric layer;

the antenna ground is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer;

the rectangular dielectric resonance block is arranged on one side of the antenna, which is far away from the dielectric layer;

a feed gap is arranged in a region of the antenna corresponding to the rectangular dielectric resonance block, and the rectangular dielectric resonance block works in a basic mode state;

the main body of the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, and one end of the feeding part of the electric dipole penetrates through the antenna ground and is connected with the feeding structure in the dielectric layer.

As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the rectangular dielectric resonator is equivalent to a magnetic dipole by operating the rectangular dielectric resonator block arranged on the ground of the antenna in the base mode TE111, and an electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonator block to enable the antenna to form an electromagnetic dipole antenna; and because the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, the height of the PCB is not required to be occupied, and the magnetic dipole is equivalently realized by the mass resonance block and does not need to occupy the PCB, the structure of the electromagnetic dipole part of the antenna is not required to be designed based on the PCB, so that the number of layers of the PCB of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is reduced, and the processing and proofing cost is reduced.

Further, the electric dipole comprises an electric dipole left arm and an electric dipole right arm;

the left arm of the electric dipole and the right arm of the electric dipole are symmetrically distributed;

the radiation part of the left arm of the electric dipole faces one side of the rectangular dielectric resonant block;

the radiation part of the right arm of the electric dipole faces the other side opposite to the one side of the rectangular dielectric resonance block;

the feed gap is parallel to the radiation part of the left arm of the electric dipole.

As can be seen from the above description, the left arm of the electric dipole and the right arm of the electric dipole form the electric dipole, and the feeding gap is arranged in parallel with the radiation portion of the electric dipole, so that the feeding gap and the electric dipole can be simultaneously arranged in the limited placement space, and the overall volume of the device is reduced.

Further, the feed structure comprises a balun and a microstrip;

the input end of the balun is used for connecting an input signal, and the output end of the balun is respectively connected with the feed part of the left arm of the electric dipole and the feed part of the right arm of the electric dipole;

the input end of the microstrip is used for connecting an input signal, and the output end of the microstrip is coupled with the feed gap.

According to the above description, the microstrip line and the feed gap are arranged for coupling feed, and the balun and the electric dipole are arranged for forming feed, so that the rectangular dielectric resonant block and the electric dipole can be fed at the same time, and an equivalent electromagnetic dipole antenna can be formed.

Further, the balun comprises a first output end and a second output end, the first output end is connected with the feeding part of the left arm of the electric dipole, and the second output end is connected with the feeding part of the right arm of the electric dipole;

the length of the first output end connecting line is longer than that of the second output end connecting line by lambda/2, and lambda is the central frequency wavelength of the antenna.

As can be seen from the above description, the difference between the lengths of the first output terminal line and the second output terminal line of the balun is set to be λ/2, so that the phase difference between the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the balun is 180 ° to form a differential signal, and the left arm and the right arm of the electric dipole obtain the differential signal to implement the electric dipole function.

Further, the second output of the balun is in line with a connection line of the electric dipole;

the first output end of the balun and the connection line of the electric dipole form a zigzag shape, and the zigzag length is lambda/2.

As can be seen from the above description, by connecting the second output terminal of the balun to the electric dipole in a straight line, connecting the first output terminal of the balun to the electric dipole in a meander line, and having the same starting point and ending point for the two lines of the balun output terminals, it is more beneficial to enable the length between the two lines to form a length difference of λ/2 by setting the corresponding length of λ/2 by the length of the meander line.

Further, the impedance formed by the output end of the microstrip is matched with the impedance of the rectangular dielectric resonance block.

According to the description, the impedance formed by the output end of the microstrip is matched with the rectangular dielectric resonance block to form impedance matching, so that the radiation effect of the rectangular dielectric resonance block is improved, and the effect of better equivalent magnetic dipoles is realized.

Furthermore, the output end of the microstrip is L-shaped.

As can be seen from the above description, the output end of the microstrip is set to be L-shaped, so that the output end of the microstrip is far away from the balun feed line as far as possible, and thus, under the condition that impedance formed by the length of the output end of the microstrip is matched with the rectangular dielectric resonance block, the situation that the distance between the output end of the microstrip and the balun feed line is too small is avoided, and the feed effect is further improved.

Further, the system also comprises a common divider;

the input end of the common divider is used for connecting input signals, the first output end of the common divider is connected with the input end of the microstrip, and the second output end of the common divider is connected with the input end of the balun.

According to the description, the input end of the balun is connected with the input end of the microstrip through the power divider, and the original dual-port input is converted into the single-port input through the power divider, so that the feed input end can be connected with the single-port output radio frequency chip, and the adaptability of the antenna is improved.

Further, the electric dipole is disposed at a position corresponding to the center of the bottom surface of the rectangular dielectric resonator block.

According to the description, the electric dipole is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the rectangular dielectric resonance block, so that the radiation generated by the electric dipole can be better matched with the radiation generated by the rectangular dielectric resonance block, and the effect of the equivalent magnetic dipole of the whole antenna is improved.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device including the above electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna.

The electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna can be applied to devices of a 5G millimeter wave communication system, such as handheld mobile devices, and is described by specific embodiments below:

example one

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna includes a rectangular dielectric resonator block 1, an electric dipole 2, an antenna ground 3, and a dielectric layer 4;

the antenna ground 3 is arranged on one side of the dielectric layer 4; the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1 is arranged on one side of the antenna ground 3, which is far away from the dielectric layer 4; a feed gap 5 is arranged in a region of the antenna ground 3 corresponding to the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1, and the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1 works in a basic mode state; the main body of the electric dipole 2 is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1, and one end of the feeding part of the electric dipole 2 penetrates through the antenna ground 3 and is connected with the feeding structure in the dielectric layer 4; the dielectric constant of the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1 working in the basic mode TE111 mode is greater than that of the PCB; therefore, the size of the antenna electric dipole 2 in the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1 can be smaller under the same radiation condition than the size of the antenna electric dipole 2 in the PCB, so that the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1 having a lower profile can be adopted;

specifically, the electric dipole 2 includes a radiation portion and a feed portion, the feed portion is perpendicular to the antenna ground 3, and the radiation portion is parallel to the antenna ground 3; the electric dipole 2 comprises an electric dipole left arm 21 and an electric dipole right arm 22; the electric dipole left arm 21 and the electric dipole right arm 22 are symmetrically distributed; the electric dipole left arm 21 and the electric dipole right arm 22 are the same in size; a connecting line between the feeding part of the left arm 21 of the electric dipole and the feeding part of the electric dipole 2 is vertical to two corresponding side surfaces of the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1; the radiation part of the electric dipole left arm 21 faces one side of the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1 and is perpendicular to the one side of the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1; the radiating part of the right electric dipole arm 22 faces the other side opposite to the one side of the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1 and is perpendicular to the other side of the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1; the feed gap 5 is parallel to the radiation part of the left arm 21 of the electric dipole; in order to maximize the radiation effect of the right electric dipole arm 22 and the left electric dipole arm 21, the electric dipole 2 is arranged at a position corresponding to the center of the bottom surface of the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1; a circular slot is formed in the antenna ground 3 at a position corresponding to the center of the dielectric resonance block, so that the feeding part of the right arm 22 of the electric dipole and the feeding part of the left arm 21 of the electric dipole can penetrate through the antenna ground 3 and the dielectric layer 4 to be connected with a feeding structure in the dielectric layer 4;

the electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna can be processed in a mode of opening a die, and plastic, metal or ceramic is placed into the die for sintering and forming after being melted;

in an alternative embodiment, the Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) may also employ the rectangular Dielectric Resonator mass having a high Dielectric constant; the size of the antenna electric dipole 2 can be greatly reduced by adopting the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1 with higher dielectric constant, meanwhile, the size of the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1 with high dielectric constant is lower than that of a PCB, and the low-profile dielectric resonator antenna is realized.

Example two

The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is used for defining the feeding structure;

referring to fig. 3, the feeding structure includes a balun 6, a microstrip 7 and a diplexer 8; the output end of the balun 6 is respectively connected with the feeding part of the left electric dipole arm 21 and the feeding part of the right electric dipole arm 22; the output end of the microstrip 7 is coupled with the feed gap 5; the input end of the common divider 8 is used for connecting an input signal, the first output end of the common divider 8 is connected with the input end of the microstrip 7, and the second output end of the common divider 8 is connected with the input end of the balun 6; the balun 6 comprises a first output end and a second output end, the first output end of the balun is connected with the feeding part of the left arm 21 of the electric dipole, and the second output end of the balun is connected with the feeding part of the right arm 22 of the electric dipole;

the microstrip 7, the feed gap 5 and the rectangular dielectric resonant block 1 form a first feed structure; the balun 6, the electric dipole left arm 21 and the electric dipole right arm 22 form a second feeding structure; the utility meter 8 connects the input end of the first feed structure with the input end of the second feed structure to form a third feed structure, and the antenna which originally needs dual-port input is converted into the antenna with single-port input through the utility meter 8, so that the utility meter is more suitable for the actual use scene;

wherein, the second output end of the balun 6 is in line with the connection line of the electric dipole 2, and is a first balun feed line; the first output end of the balun 6 and the connection line of the electric dipole 2 form a zigzag shape, the zigzag length of the connection line is lambda/2, and the connection line is a second balun feed line; the second balun feed line comprises a straight line part and a broken line part; the total length of the straight line part is equal to the length of the first line, the length of the broken line part is lambda/2, and the straight line part and the broken line part are connected at intervals to form a zigzag shape; so that the length of the first output connection line of the balun 6 is longer than the length of the second output connection line by λ/2; the length of the second balun feed circuit is longer than that of the first balun feed circuit by lambda/2, and lambda is the central frequency wavelength of the antenna; differential signal output is realized through the balun 6, namely, the current phase of two output end lines of the differential output is reversed or the signal phase difference is 180 degrees;

the impedance formed by the output end of the microstrip 7 is matched with the impedance formed by the rectangular dielectric resonance block 1; in order to avoid that the gap between the feeding area of the microstrip 7 and the feeding area of the balun 6 is too small and simultaneously the length of the microstrip 7 forming impedance matching is required to be met, the output end of the microstrip 7 is set to be L-shaped; the output end of the microstrip 7 is bent to be in an L shape, so that the gap between the feeding area of the microstrip 7 and the feeding area of the balun 6 is effectively increased.

EXAMPLE III

A communication device comprising an electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna as recited in any one of the first or second embodiments.

In summary, according to the electromagnetic dipole dielectric resonator antenna and the communication device provided by the present invention, the rectangular dielectric resonator block with a low profile and working in the fundamental mode or the rectangular dielectric resonator block with a high dielectric constant is used to be equivalent to a magnetic dipole, and the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonator block, so that the antenna forms an equivalent electromagnetic dipole antenna; compared with the traditional PCB-based electromagnetic dipole antenna, the equivalent electromagnetic dipole antenna resonates through the rectangular medium and has a lower profile; then, a feed structure is formed by the micro-strip, the balun and the diplexer together, so that impedance matching, differential signal input of the electric dipole and the antenna which is converted from dual-port signal input into single-port signal input are realized, and the radiation effect of the equivalent electromagnetic dipole antenna is improved from different aspects; meanwhile, the electric dipole is arranged in the rectangular dielectric resonance block, the height of the PCB is not required to be occupied, the magnetic dipole is equivalently realized through the mass resonance block, and the PCB is not required to be occupied, so that the structure of the electromagnetic dipole part of the antenna is not required to be designed based on the PCB, the number of layers of the PCB of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is reduced, and the processing and proofing cost of the electromagnetic dipole antenna is reduced.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.