阅读说明：本技术 观测信号生成装置、观测装置、观测信号生成方法、观测方法、观测信号生成程序及观测程序 (Observation signal generation device, observation signal generation method, observation signal generation program, and observation program ) 是由 井上修平 于 2020-04-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：课题在于,以简化的处理对水蒸气等具有频谱的现象进行观测。解决手段在于,观测信号生成装置(10)具备本地信号发生器(112)、混合器(131)、混合器(132)、IF滤波器(141)及IF滤波器(142)。混合器(131)将观测对象的RF信号与本地信号混合,输出第1IF信号。混合器(132)将RF信号与本地信号混合,输出第2IF信号。IF滤波器(141)在通带中包含从RF信号的频率减去本地信号的频率而得到的第1中间频率,在衰减带中包含从本地信号的频率减去RF信号的频率而得到的第2中间频率,对第1IF信号进行滤波处理来生成第1观测信号。IF滤波器(142)在衰减带中包含第1中间频率,在通带中包含第2中间频率,对第2IF信号进行滤波处理来生成第2观测信号。(The problem is to observe a phenomenon having a spectrum such as water vapor by a simplified process. The observation signal generation device (10) is provided with a local signal generator (112), a mixer (131), a mixer (132), an IF filter (141), and an IF filter (142). A mixer (131) mixes an RF signal of an observation object with a local signal and outputs a 1 st IF signal. A mixer (132) mixes the RF signal with the local signal and outputs a 2IF signal. The IF filter (141) includes a 1 st intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the local signal from the frequency of the RF signal in the pass band, and includes a 2 nd intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the RF signal from the frequency of the local signal in the attenuation band, and performs filtering processing on the 1 st IF signal to generate a 1 st observed signal. The IF filter (142) includes a 1 st intermediate frequency in the attenuation band and a 2 nd intermediate frequency in the pass band, and performs filtering processing on the 2 nd IF signal to generate a 2 nd observed signal.)

1. An observation signal generation device is provided with:

a local signal generator generating a local signal;

a 1 st mixer for mixing an RF signal of an observation object having a plurality of frequency components with the local signal and outputting a 1 st IF signal, wherein RF represents a radio frequency and IF represents an intermediate frequency;

a 2 nd mixer for mixing the RF signal with the local signal and outputting a 2 nd IF signal;

a 1 st IF filter that includes a 1 st intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting a 1 st frequency from the frequency of the local signal among the plurality of frequency components of the RF signal in a pass band, and includes a 2 nd intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the local signal from a 2 nd frequency different from the 1 st frequency among the plurality of frequency components of the RF signal in an attenuation band, and that generates a 1 st observed signal by filtering the 1 st IF signal; and

and a 2 nd IF filter including the 1 st intermediate frequency in an attenuation band and the 2 nd intermediate frequency in a pass band, and performing filtering processing on the 2 nd IF signal to generate a 2 nd observation signal.

2. The observation signal generating apparatus of claim 1,

the local signal generator causes the local signals of a plurality of frequencies to be generated at respectively different timings.

3. The observation signal generating apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2, comprising:

and an RF filter for limiting a frequency band of the RF signal.

4. The observation signal generating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:

an RF attenuator configured to limit an amplitude of the RF signal.

5. An observation device is provided with:

each configuration of the observation signal generating apparatus according to any one of claim 1 to claim 4;

a 1 st detector for detecting the 1 st observation signal and outputting a 1 st detected signal;

a 2 nd detector for detecting the 2 nd observation signal and outputting a 2 nd detection signal; and

and a spectrum generating unit that generates a spectrum of the RF signal of the observation target based on the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal.

6. The observation device according to claim 5, comprising:

and an amplifier that amplifies the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal at the same amplification factor.

7. The observation device according to claim 5 or claim 6, comprising:

and a noise suppression filter for suppressing the 1 st detected signal, the 2 nd detected signal, and noise.

8. A method for generating an observation signal is provided,

a local signal is generated and a local signal is generated,

mixing an RF signal of an observation object having a plurality of frequency components with the local signal, and outputting a 1 st IF signal, wherein RF represents a radio frequency, IF represents an intermediate frequency,

mixing the RF signal with the local signal, outputting a 2IF signal,

a 1 st intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting a 1 st frequency of the RF signal from a frequency of the local signal is included in a pass band, a 2 nd intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting a frequency of the local signal from a 2 nd frequency of the RF signal different from the 1 st frequency is included in an attenuation band, and the 1 st IF signal is filtered to generate a 1 st observed signal,

the 1 st intermediate frequency is included in the attenuation band, the 2 nd intermediate frequency is included in the pass band, and the 2 nd IF signal is subjected to filtering processing to generate a 2 nd observation signal.

9. The observed signal generating method as claimed in claim 8,

the local signals of a plurality of frequencies are caused to be generated at respectively different timings.

10. A method for observing the position of a target,

the processes of the observed signal generation method according to claim 8 or claim 9 are performed,

detecting the 1 st observation signal to output a 1 st detected signal,

detecting the 2 nd observed signal to output a 2 nd detected signal,

a spectrum of the RF signal of the observation object is generated from the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal.

11. An observation signal generation program for causing an arithmetic device to execute:

a local signal is generated and a local signal is generated,

mixing an RF signal of an observation object having a plurality of frequency components with the local signal, and outputting a 1 st IF signal, wherein RF represents a radio frequency, IF represents an intermediate frequency,

mixing the RF signal with the local signal, outputting a 2IF signal,

a 1 st intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting a 1 st frequency of the RF signal from a frequency of the local signal is included in a pass band, a 2 nd intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting a frequency of the local signal from a 2 nd frequency of the RF signal different from the 1 st frequency is included in an attenuation band, and the 1 st IF signal is filtered to generate a 1 st observed signal,

the 1 st intermediate frequency is included in the attenuation band, the 2 nd intermediate frequency is included in the pass band, and the 2 nd IF signal is subjected to filtering processing to generate a 2 nd observation signal.

12. The observation signal generating program according to claim 11, causing the arithmetic device to execute:

the local signals of a plurality of frequencies are caused to be generated at respectively different timings.

13. An observation program causing an arithmetic device to execute each process of the observation signal generation program according to claim 11 or claim 12; and is

Causing the arithmetic device to execute:

detecting the 1 st observation signal to output a 1 st detected signal,

detecting the 2 nd observed signal to output a 2 nd detected signal,

a spectrum of the RF signal of the observation object is generated from the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a technique for generating an observation signal used for observation of a phenomenon having a spectrum, such as water vapor observation.

Background

Conventionally, a water vapor observation device as shown in patent document 1 is known.

Prior art documents

Patent document

Patent document 1 Japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2013-224884

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, it has been difficult to observe the spectrum of a phenomenon such as water vapor with a simplified process.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for observing a phenomenon having a spectrum such as water vapor with a simplified process.

Means for solving the problems

An observation signal generating device of the present invention includes a local signal generator, a 1 st mixer, a 2 nd mixer, a 1 st IF filter, and a 2 nd IF filter. The local signal generator generates a local signal. The 1 st mixer mixes an RF signal of an observation object having a plurality of frequency components with a local signal and outputs a 1 st IF signal. The 2 nd mixer mixes the RF signal with the local signal and outputs a 2 nd IF signal.

The 1 st IF filter includes a 1 st intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting a 1 st frequency from a frequency of the local signal among the plurality of frequency components of the RF signal in a pass band, and includes a 2 nd intermediate frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the local signal from a 2 nd frequency different from the 1 st frequency among the plurality of frequency components of the RF signal in an attenuation band, and performs filtering processing on the 1 st IF signal to generate a 1 st observed signal. The 2 nd IF filter includes a 1 st intermediate frequency in an attenuation band and a 2 nd intermediate frequency in a pass band, and generates a 2 nd observation signal by filtering the 2 nd IF signal.

In this configuration, the intensity of the RF signal of a plurality of frequencies having different frequencies can be obtained from the local signal of 1 frequency.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, a phenomenon having a spectrum such as water vapor can be observed with a simplified configuration and simplified processing.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an observation signal generating apparatus according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a graph showing an example of filter characteristics of the IF filter of the observed signal generating apparatus according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 (a) is a table showing a relationship between the frequency of the local signal and the frequency of the RF signal with which intensity can be obtained in the case where the configuration of the present invention is used, and (B) is a table showing a relationship between the frequency of the local signal and the frequency of the RF signal with which intensity can be obtained in the case where the conventional configuration is used.

Fig. 4 (a) is a diagram showing the distribution of the frequencies of the local signals, (B) is a diagram showing the distribution of the frequencies of the RF signals corresponding to the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) and the distribution of the frequencies of the RF signals corresponding to the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2), and (C) is a diagram showing the distribution of the frequencies of the RF signals corresponding to the intermediate frequencies in the conventional configuration.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing an example of frequency characteristics of the power of the local signal.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the observation device according to embodiment 1.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the spectrum generating unit.

Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing a process of generating a plurality of IF signals from local signals of 1 frequency according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing a process of generating a plurality of IF signals from local signals of a plurality of types of frequencies according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing a process of generating a spectrum according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing a method for generating observation data of water vapor according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the observation signal generating device and the observation device according to embodiment 2.

Detailed Description

(embodiment 1)

An observation signal generation device, an observation signal generation method, and an observation method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an observation signal generating apparatus according to embodiment 1. The observation signal generating device and the observation device described in the following embodiments are examples of a method for observing water vapor. However, the observation signal generation device and the observation device according to the present embodiment can be applied as long as the observation target is a phenomenon having a spectrum.

(constitution of observation Signal Generation device 10)

As shown in fig. 1, the observation signal generating apparatus 10 includes a divider 111, a divider 112, a local signal generator 12, a mixer 131, a mixer 132, an IF (intermediate frequency ) filter 141, and an IF filter 142. The local signal generator 12, the mixer 131, the mixer 132, the IF filter 141, and the IF filter 142 are realized by, for example, predetermined analog electronic circuits. The mixers 131 and 132 are preferably image reject mixers.

The mixer 131 corresponds to the "1 st mixer" of the present invention, and the mixer 132 corresponds to the "2 nd mixer" of the present invention. The IF filter 141 corresponds to the "1 st IF filter" of the present invention, and the IF filter 142 corresponds to the "2 nd IF filter" of the present invention. The observation signal generating device 10 has an input terminal Pin, and the input terminal Pin is connected to an antenna ANT. Further, the physical input terminal Pin may not be provided. Further, for example, a primary LNA (low noise amplifier) may be connected to a stage subsequent to the antenna ANT.

The antenna ANT is formed in a shape capable of receiving an electromagnetic wave of an observation target. The electromagnetic wave of the observation target is, for example, a radiation electromagnetic wave based on water vapor. The antenna ANT outputs the received electromagnetic wave of the observation target. Electromagnetic waves, i.e., RF (radio frequency) signals, have multiple frequency components.

The distributor 111 is realized by, for example, a transmission circuit of an RF signal. The distributor 111 is connected to the input terminal Pin, the mixer 131, and the mixer 132. In addition, in the case where the primary LNA is connected to the antenna ANT, the divider 111 is connected to the primary LNA. The distributor 111 distributes power to the RF signal (electromagnetic wave) and outputs the RF signal to the mixer 131 and the mixer 132. At this time, the power of the RF signal output to the mixer 131 is the same as the power of the RF signal output to the mixer 132. That is, the distributor 111 equally divides the RF signal and outputs the divided RF signal to the mixers 131 and 132.

The local signal generator 12 generates a local signal of a predetermined frequency based on a reference signal from a reference signal generator 60 described later. In addition, as an example, the frequency of the local signal is set within the frequency range of the spectrum of the observation target.

The local signal generator 12 generates local signals of a plurality of frequencies, respectively. In other words, the local signal generator 12 causes local signals of a plurality of frequencies to be generated at respectively different timings. The local signal generator 12 outputs the local signal to the distributor 112.

The distributor 112 is realized by, for example, a transmission circuit of an RF signal. The distributor 112 is connected to the local signal generator 12, the mixer 131, and the mixer 132. The distributor 112 distributes power of the local signal from the local signal generator 12 and outputs the signal to the mixer 131 and the mixer 132. At this time, the power of the local signal output to the mixer 131 is the same as the power of the local signal output to the mixer 132. That is, the distributor 112 equally divides the local signal and outputs the divided signal to the mixers 131 and 132.

The mixer 131 mixes the RF signal with the local signal to generate a 1 st IF signal. The mixer 131 is connected to the IF filter 141, and outputs the 1 st IF signal to the IF filter 141.

The mixer 132 mixes the RF signal with the local signal to generate a 2 nd IF signal. The mixer 132 is connected to the IF filter 142, and outputs the 2 nd IF signal to the IF filter 142.

Fig. 2 is a graph showing an example of filter characteristics of the IF filter of the observed signal generating apparatus according to embodiment 1.

The IF filter 141 has a filter characteristic including the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) in the pass band and the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2) in the attenuation band. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the center frequency of the pass band of the IF filter 141 is the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF 1). The IF filter 141 has a pass band with a frequency width FB 1. Here, the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) is set to a frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the RF signal from the frequency of the local signal.

The IF filter 141 performs filtering processing on the 1 st IF signal and outputs the 1 st observed signal. Thus, the frequency of the 1 st observed signal is a frequency within the pass band of the IF filter 141, and is substantially the same as the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1), for example.

The IF filter 142 has a filter characteristic that includes a 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) within the attenuation band and a 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2) within the passband. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the center frequency of the passband of IF filter 142 is the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF 2). IF filter 142 has a passband with frequency width FB 2. Here, the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2) is set to a frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the local signal from the frequency of the RF signal.

The IF filter 142 performs filtering processing on the 2 nd IF signal and outputs it as a 2 nd observation signal. Thus, the frequency of the 2 nd observed signal is a frequency within the pass band of the IF filter 142, and is, for example, substantially the same as the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF 2).

(observation principle of frequency spectrum)

In the above configuration, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 sets the frequency of the local signal, the filter characteristic of the IF filter 141, and the filter characteristic of the IF filter 142 to have a predetermined relationship. Thus, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can obtain observed signals corresponding to RF signals of a plurality of types of frequencies using local signals of 1 type of frequency. The observed signal generating apparatus 10 can obtain a plurality of observed signals corresponding to the spectrum of the RF signal, that is, the spectrum of the electromagnetic wave of the observation target, by using the local signals of the plurality of types of frequencies. Specifically, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can obtain a plurality of observed signals corresponding to the spectrum of the RF signal by the following processing.

Fig. 3 (a) is a table showing a relationship between the frequency of the local signal and the frequency of the RF signal with which the intensity can be obtained in the case where the configuration of the present invention is used. Fig. 3 (B) is a table showing the relationship between the frequency of the local signal and the frequency of the RF signal with which the intensity can be obtained in the case of using the conventional configuration.

Fig. 4 (a) is a diagram showing the distribution of the frequencies of the local signals, fig. 4 (B) is a diagram showing the distribution of the frequencies of the RF signals corresponding to the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) and the distribution of the frequencies of the RF signals corresponding to the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2), and fig. 4 (C) is a diagram showing the distribution of the frequencies of the RF signals corresponding to the intermediate frequencies in the conventional configuration.

As shown in fig. 3 a and 4B, for example, the observation signal generating apparatus 10 sets the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) to fIF1[ GHz ], and sets the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2) to fIF2[ GHz ].

In this setting, for example, as shown in fig. 3 a and 4 a, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 sets the local signal Lo1 to the frequency fLo [ GHz ]. In this case, the frequency of the RF signal (RF 11 of (B) of fig. 4) corresponding to the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF1) (═ fIF1[ GHz ]) is fLo1-fIF1[ GHz ]. On the other hand, the frequency of the RF signal (RF 12 of (B) of fig. 4) corresponding to the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF2) (═ fIF2[ GHz ]) is fLo1+ fIF2[ GHz ].

Therefore, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can obtain the signal intensity of the RF signal of fLo1-fIF1[ GHz ] from the 1 st observed signal including the 1 st intermediate frequency f (IF 1). The observed signal generating apparatus 10 can obtain the signal intensity of the RF signal of fLo1+ fIF2[ GHz ] from the 2 nd observed signal including the 2 nd intermediate frequency f (IF 2).

In this manner, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can output the 1 st observed signal and the 2 nd observed signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of the 2 kinds of frequencies, respectively, by the local signal Lo of the 1 kind of frequency fLo. On the other hand, conventionally, as shown in fig. 3 (B), local signals of 2 kinds of frequencies are used in order to obtain the intensities of RF signals of 2 kinds of frequencies.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 3 (a) and 4 (a), the observation signal generating device 10 can output the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of each of the 2 types of frequencies, for each frequency of the local signal Lo, by setting a plurality of types of frequencies for the local signal Lo.

For example, if the frequency of the local signal Lo2 is set to fLo2[ GHz ], the 1 st observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo2-fIF1[ GHz ] (RF 21 of (B) of fig. 4), and the 2 nd observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo2+ fIF2[ GHz ] (RF 22 of (B) of fig. 4). Further, if the frequency of the local signal Lo3 is set to fLo3[ GHz ], the 1 st observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo3-fIF1[ GHz ] (RF 31 of (B) of fig. 4), and the 2 nd observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo3+ fIF2[ GHz ] (RF 32 of (B) of fig. 4). Further, if the frequency of the local signal Lo4 is set to fLo4[ GHz ], the 1 st observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo4-fIF1[ GHz ] (RF 41 of (B) of fig. 4), and the 2 nd observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo4+ fIF2[ GHz ] (RF 42 of (B) of fig. 4). In addition, if the frequency of the local signal Lo5 is set to fLo5[ GHz ], the 1 st observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo5-fIF1[ GHz ] (RF 51 of (B) of fig. 4), and the 2 nd observed signal becomes a signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of fLo5+ fIF2[ GHz ] (RF 52 of (B) of fig. 4).

In this manner, the observation signal generating apparatus 10 can output the observation signal reflecting the intensity of the RF signal of 10 kinds of frequencies by the local signal Lo of 5 kinds of frequencies. On the other hand, in the conventional configuration, as shown in fig. 3 (B), in order to obtain the observed signals of the intensities of the RF signals of 10 kinds of frequencies, it is necessary to use the local signals of 10 kinds of frequencies. Therefore, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can obtain the observed signal corresponding to the frequency spectrum by a process more simplified than the conventional one.

Further, as shown in fig. 4 a and 4B, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can set the width Δ fLo of the frequency band of the local signal Lo to be smaller than the width Δ fRF of the frequency band of the RF signal to be observed (the frequency bandwidth of the spectrum). On the other hand, in the conventional configuration, the width Δ flo p of the frequency band of the local signal Lo is set to be the same as the width Δ fRF of the frequency band of the RF signal to be observed.

Therefore, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can reduce the frequency bandwidth of the set local signal Lo compared to the conventional one.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing an example of frequency characteristics of the power of the local signal. As shown in fig. 5, the higher the frequency of the local signal, the lower its power. When a spectrum is observed using local signals of a plurality of types of frequencies, it is preferable that the difference between the intensities of the local signals be small. Therefore, the sweep width of the frequency of the local signal (the width of the frequency at which the local signal of a plurality of frequencies is set on the frequency axis) is preferably small.

Here, as described above, by using the configuration of the present embodiment, the observed signal generating apparatus 10 can reduce the sweep width of the frequency of the local signal, and can generate and output the observed signal in which each intensity of the spectrum is reflected with high accuracy. In addition, since the sweep width of the frequency of the local signal becomes small, the observation time of the spectrum becomes short.

(construction and processing of Observation device 20)

Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the observation device according to embodiment 1. As shown in fig. 6, the observation device 20 includes an observation signal generation device 10, an amplifier 31, an amplifier 32, a detector 41, a detector 42, a noise suppression filter 51, a noise suppression filter 52, a reference signal generator 60, a spectrum generation unit 70, and an observation result calculation unit 80. The amplifier 31, the amplifier 32, the detector 41, the detector 42, the noise suppression filter 51, the noise suppression filter 52, and the reference signal generator 60 are implemented by, for example, a predetermined analog electronic circuit. The spectrum generating unit 70 is realized by, for example, a predetermined electronic circuit or an arithmetic element for digital processing. The observation result calculation unit 80 is realized by a calculation element such as a CPU.

The input terminal of the amplifier 31 is connected to the IF filter 141 of the observation signal generating apparatus 10, and the output terminal of the amplifier 31 is connected to the input terminal of the detector 41. The output end of the detector 41 is connected to the noise suppression filter 51, and the noise suppression filter 51 is connected to the spectrum generation unit 70.

The input of the amplifier 32 is connected to the IF filter 142 of the observation signal generating apparatus 10, and the output of the amplifier 32 is connected to the input of the detector 42. The output end of the detector 42 is connected to the noise suppression filter 52, and the noise suppression filter 52 is connected to the spectrum generation unit 70.

The spectrum generation unit 70 is connected to the observation result calculation unit 80.

The amplifiers 31 and 32 are so-called LNAs and the like. The amplification factor of amplifier 31 is substantially the same as the amplification factor of amplifier 32. Here, "substantially the same" means that the characteristic is within a range of variation (variation) in accordance with the specification of the amplifier or the like. In addition, the amplification factor of the amplifier 31 is preferably the same as that of the amplifier 32. The amplifier 31 amplifies the 1 st observation signal and outputs the amplified signal to the detector 41. The amplifier 32 amplifies the 2 nd observation signal and outputs the amplified signal to the detector 42.

The detector 41 detects the 1 st observation signal amplified by the amplifier 31, and outputs a 1 st detection signal. The detector 42 detects the 2 nd observation signal amplified by the amplifier 32, and outputs a 2 nd detection signal. The detector 41 corresponds to the "1 st detector" of the present invention, and the detector 42 corresponds to the "2 nd detector" of the present invention.

The noise suppression filter 51 and the noise suppression filter 52 are implemented by, for example, smoothing filters. The noise suppression filter 51 suppresses the noise component of the 1 st detected signal and outputs the suppressed noise component to the spectrum generation unit 70. The noise suppression filter 52 suppresses the noise component of the 2 nd detection signal and outputs the suppressed noise component to the spectrum generation unit 70. Note that, if the 1 st detected signal and the 2 nd detected signal are Direct Current (DC), the noise suppression filter 51 and the noise suppression filter 52 can be omitted.

The reference signal generator 60 generates a swept reference signal. The reference signal generator 60 outputs the reference signal to the local signal generator 12 and the spectrum generating section 70. The local signal generator 12 generates and outputs the above-described local signals of the plurality of types of frequencies based on the reference signal.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the spectrum generating unit. As shown in fig. 7, the spectrum generation unit 70 includes an AD conversion unit 71, a local frequency detection unit 72, and an RF frequency component detection unit 73.

The AD conversion unit (analog-to-digital conversion unit) 71 converts the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal from analog signals to digital signals, and outputs the digital signals to the RF frequency component detection unit.

The local frequency detector 72 detects the frequency of the local signal from the reference signal. The local frequency detector 72 outputs the detected frequency of the local signal to the RF frequency component detector 73.

The RF frequency component detection unit 73 stores the frequency of the local signal in association with the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal. The RF frequency component detection unit 73 calculates the frequency of the RF signal corresponding to the 1 st detection signal from the frequency of the local signal and the frequency of the 1 st detection signal. Then, the spectrum generation unit 70 sets the signal intensity of the 1 st detection signal to the signal intensity of the RF signal of the calculated frequency.

Further, the spectrum generation unit 70 calculates the frequency of the RF signal corresponding to the 2 nd detection signal from the frequency of the local signal and the frequency of the 2 nd detection signal. Then, the spectrum generation unit 70 sets the signal intensity of the 2 nd detection signal to the signal intensity of the RF signal of the calculated frequency.

The spectrum generation section 70 calculates the relationship between the signal intensity and the frequency of these RF signals at each frequency of the local signal. The spectrum generation unit 70 generates the relationship between the signal intensity and the frequency of the RF signal corresponding to 1 sweep of the local signal as spectrum data. The spectrum generation unit 70 outputs the spectrum data to the observation result calculation unit 80.

The observation device 20 generates spectrum data in each of a state (reference state) in which the antenna ANT is closed by the black radiator (black body) 90 and a state (observation state of the observation target) in which the antenna ANT is not closed by the black radiator 90. That is, by performing the above-described processing in the reference state, the spectrum data output from the spectrum generating unit 70 becomes the reference spectrum data. On the other hand, by performing the above-described processing in the observation state of the observation target, the spectrum data output from the spectrum generating unit 70 becomes the spectrum data in the observation state.

The spectral data of the reference state and the spectral data of the observation state are input to the observation result calculation unit 80. The observation result calculation unit 80 compares the spectrum data in the reference state with the spectrum data in the observation state. The observation result calculation unit 80 outputs the comparison result as observation data (observation result) of a phenomenon (including water vapor in clouds and rain) to be observed.

Specifically, for example, the observation result calculation unit 80 sets the difference between the intensity of the spectrum data in the reference state and the intensity of the spectrum data in the observation state at each frequency as the observation data of each frequency component.

Here, as described above, the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal reflect the respective intensities of the frequency spectrum with high accuracy. Therefore, the observation result calculation unit 80 can calculate the observation data with high accuracy. Therefore, the observation device 20 can generate observation data in which the state of the phenomenon of the observation target is reflected with high accuracy.

(method of generating Observation Signal and Observation data)

In the above description, the respective processes are realized by the functional units, but the functions of the observation signal generating apparatus 10 can be realized by storing the respective processes as programs and executing the programs by an arithmetic device such as a computer. As described above, the specific contents of each process are not described except for the points where additional description is deemed necessary.

(method of generating Observation Signal 1)

Fig. 8 is a flowchart showing a process of generating a plurality of IF signals from local signals of 1 frequency according to the present embodiment.

The arithmetic device receives the RF signal (S11). The arithmetic device mixes the local signal with the RF signal to generate a 1 st IF signal and a 2 nd IF signal (S12).

The arithmetic device performs filtering processing on the 1 st IF signal to generate a 1 st observed signal (S13). The 1 st observation signal has a component of a frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the RF signal from the frequency of the local signal.

The arithmetic device performs filtering processing on the 2 nd IF signal to generate a 2 nd observation signal (S14). The 2 nd observation signal has a component of a frequency obtained by subtracting the frequency of the local signal from the frequency of the RF signal.

(method of generating Observation Signal 2)

Fig. 9 is a flowchart showing a process of generating a plurality of IF signals from local signals of a plurality of types of frequencies according to the present embodiment.

The arithmetic device receives the RF signal (S11). The arithmetic device sets the frequency of the local signal (S21). The arithmetic device mixes the local signal with the RF signal to generate a 1 st IF signal and a 2 nd IF signal (S12).

The arithmetic device performs filtering processing on the 1 st IF signal to generate a 1 st observed signal (S13). The arithmetic device performs filtering processing on the 2 nd IF signal to generate a 2 nd observation signal (S14).

If the generation processing of the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal has not been completed for all the frequencies set for the local signal (S22: NO), the arithmetic device sets the local signal to another frequency (S21), and executes step S12, step S13, and step S14.

If the arithmetic device completes the process of generating the 1 st observed signal and the 2 nd observed signal for all the frequencies set for the local signal (S22: YES), the arithmetic device ends the process of generating the 1 st observed signal and the 2 nd observed signal.

(method of generating frequency spectrum)

Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing a process of generating a spectrum according to the present embodiment.

The arithmetic device generates the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal by using the method shown in fig. 8 (S31). The arithmetic device amplifies the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal (S32). The amplification factor for the 1 st observed signal is substantially the same as the amplification factor for the 2 nd observed signal. Here, "substantially the same" means that the characteristic is within a range of variation (variation) in accordance with the specification of an electronic component to be amplified or the like. In addition, the amplification factor for the 1 st observed signal is preferably the same as the amplification factor for the 2 nd observed signal.

The arithmetic device detects the 1 st observation signal and outputs a 1 st detection signal, and detects the 2 nd observation signal and outputs a 2 nd detection signal (S33). The arithmetic device suppresses noise of the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal (S34). The arithmetic device generates spectrum data from the intensities of the 1 st detection signal and the 2 nd detection signal corresponding to the local signals of a plurality of types of frequencies (S35).

(method of generating observation data of Water vapor)

Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing a method for generating observation data of water vapor according to the present embodiment.

The arithmetic device observes the frequency spectrum (1 st frequency spectrum) using the method described above in a state where the black radiator 90 is provided on the reception wave surface of the antenna ANT (S41) (S42). That is, the arithmetic device generates the 1 st spectrum data.

The arithmetic device observes the spectrum (2 nd spectrum) using the method described above in a state where the black radiator 90 is removed from the reception wavefront of the antenna ANT (S43) (S44).

The arithmetic device observes the water vapor on the basis of the difference between the intensities of the 1 st spectrum and the 2 nd spectrum (S45). That is, the arithmetic device generates observation data of the water vapor.

(embodiment 2)

An observation signal generation device, an observation signal generation method, and an observation method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the observation signal generating device and the observation device according to embodiment 2.

As shown in fig. 12, the observation device 20A according to embodiment 2 is different from the observation device 20 according to embodiment 1 in the configuration of the observation signal generating device 10A. The other configurations of the observation device 20A are the same as those of the observation device 20, and the description of the same parts is omitted.

The observation device 20A includes an observation signal generation device 10A. The observation signal generating apparatus 10A is different from the observation signal generating apparatus 10 according to embodiment 1 in that an Attenuator (ATT)15 and an RF filter 16 are added. The other configurations of the observation signal generating apparatus 10A are the same as those of the observation signal generating apparatus 10, and the description of the same parts is omitted.

The attenuator 15 and the RF filter 16 are connected in series between the input terminal Pin and the divider 111. In the case where the physical input terminal Pin is not provided, the attenuator 15 is directly connected to the antenna ANT or the primary LNA.

The attenuator 15 attenuates the RF signal input from the input terminal Pin by a predetermined attenuation amount. This can suppress signal distortion caused by excessively high intensities of the 1 st observation signal and the 2 nd observation signal. Therefore, the observation device 20A can obtain high-precision spectrum data.

The RF filter 16 limits the frequency band of the RF signal. For example, the pass band and the attenuation band of the RF filter 16 are set in accordance with the frequency band of the spectrum generated in the phenomenon of the observation target. Specifically, the pass band of the RF filter 16 includes a frequency band of a spectrum generated in a phenomenon of an observation target, and is set to be substantially the same as the frequency bandwidth. In addition, the attenuation band of the RF filter 16 is set to a frequency range other than the pass band set as described above. In this manner, by using the RF filter 16, the noise of the spectrum of the phenomenon with respect to the observation target is suppressed also in the stage of the RF signal. Therefore, the observation device 20A can obtain high-precision spectrum data. Note that the RF filter 16 can be omitted by implementing the mixer 131 and the mixer 132 by IQ mixers.

Description of reference numerals:

10. 10A: observation signal generating device

20. 20A: observation device

12: local signal generator

15: attenuator

16: RF filter

31. 32: amplifier with a high-frequency amplifier

41. 42: wave detector

51. 52: noise suppression filter

60: reference signal generator

70: spectrum generation unit

71: AD converter (analog-to-digital converter)

72: local frequency detection unit

73: RF frequency component detector (RF frequency component detector)

80: observation result calculation unit

90: black radiator (Black body)

111: dispenser

112: local signal generator

112: dispenser

131. 132: mixing device

141. 142: IF (intermediate frequency ) filter

ANT: antenna with a shield

Pant: antenna connection terminal

The wording:

not all objects, effects, and advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment described herein. Thus, for example, those skilled in the art will be able to envision: particular embodiments can be configured to act in a manner that achieves or optimizes one or more effects/advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other objectives or effects/advantages as may be taught or suggested herein.

All of the processes described in this specification can be embodied in software code modules executed by a computing system comprising 1 or more computers or processors and are fully automated. The code modules can be stored on any type of non-transitory computer-readable medium or other computer storage device. Some or all of the methods can be embodied in dedicated computer hardware.

Many other variations besides the ones described in this specification will be apparent from this disclosure. For example, according to the embodiments, any particular action, event or function of the algorithms described in the present specification can be executed in different timings, can be added, merged or completely excluded (for example, not all described actions or events are necessary for the execution of the algorithms). Further, in particular embodiments, actions or events can be performed not serially (sequentially), but in parallel (in parallel), e.g., by multi-threaded processing, interrupt processing, or multiple processors or processor cores, or on other parallel architectures. Further, different tasks or processes may be performed by different machines and/or computing systems that may function together.

Various illustrative logical blocks and modules described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a machine such as a processor. The processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be a controller, microcontroller, or state machine, or combinations thereof. The processor can contain electrical circuitry configured to process computer-executable commands. In other embodiments, the processor comprises an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable device that performs logical operations without processing computer-executable commands. The processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a digital signal processor (digital signal processing apparatus) and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, 1 or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In this description, the description is mainly made with respect to digital technology, but the processor can also mainly include analog elements. For example, a part or all of the signal processing algorithms described in the present specification can be mounted by an analog circuit or a mixed circuit of analog and digital. The computing environment includes a computer system based on a microprocessor, mainframe computer, digital signal processor, portable computing device, device controller, or computational engine within an apparatus, but can include any type of computer system without limitation.

Unless otherwise specified, terms such as "capable", "possible", or "possible" should be understood as: to convey that a particular embodiment includes particular features, elements, and/or steps, but other embodiments do not include "and is used in a generic context. Thus, such conditional words generally do not mean: features, elements, and/or steps may be required in any method for 1 or more embodiments or 1 or more embodiments may necessarily include logic for determining whether the features, elements, and/or steps are included in any particular embodiment or are performed.

Unless otherwise specified, alternative language such as "X, Y, Z at least 1" should be understood in the context of general usage to indicate that items, phrases, etc. may be X, Y, Z or any combination thereof (e.g., X, Y, Z). Thus, such alternative terms generally do not mean: particular embodiments require each of at least 1 of X, at least 1 of Y, or at least 1 of Z to be present, respectively.

Any process descriptions, elements or modules in flow charts described in this specification and/or shown in the drawings should be understood as objects potentially representing modules, segments or portions of code containing 1 or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or elements in the process. Alternative embodiments are included in the scope of the embodiments described in the present specification, and elements or functions may be deleted from the illustrated or described contents or executed in a different order substantially simultaneously or in a reverse order, according to the related functionality, as understood by those skilled in the art.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, such terms as "a" or "an" should generally be interpreted as: containing more than 1 item described. Therefore, the phrase "one device set to … …" or the like means that 1 or more of the listed devices are included. Such 1 or more enumerated devices may be collectively configured to execute the recited reference content. For example, the "processor configured to execute A, B and C below" may include a 1 st processor configured to execute a and a 2 nd processor configured to execute B and C. Moreover, even if specific numbers of introduced embodiments are explicitly listed, those skilled in the art should interpret: such recitation typically means at least the recited number (e.g., the recitation of "reciting 2" without other modifiers typically means at least 2 recitations, or recitations of 2 or more).

In general, terms used in the present specification are generally judged by those skilled in the art to mean "non-limiting" terms (for example, a term of "comprising … …" should be interpreted as "not limited thereto, a term of at least … …" and a term of at least … … "should be interpreted as" having at least … … "and a term of" comprising "should be interpreted as" including but not limited thereto ", and the like).

For the purpose of description, the term "horizontal" used in the present specification is defined as a plane of the bottom surface or a plane parallel to the surface of a region where a system to be described is used, or a plane where a method to be described is performed, regardless of the direction thereof. The term "bottom surface" can be replaced with the term "ground" or "water surface". The term "vertical" refers to a direction perpendicular to a defined horizontal line. The terms "upper," "lower," "upper," "side," "higher," "lower," "above," "over … …," "under," and the like are defined with respect to a horizontal plane.

The terms "attached," "connected," "paired," and other related terms used in this specification should be construed to include removable, movable, fixed, adjustable, and/or detachable connections or couplings unless otherwise noted. The connection/connection includes direct connection and/or connection having an intermediate structure between the 2 components described.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, the numbers following the terms "about", "substantially" and "substantially" used in this specification include the recited numbers and further indicate amounts that are similar to the recited amounts for performing the desired function or achieving the desired result. For example, "about", "approximately" and "substantially" mean a value less than 10% of the recited numerical value unless otherwise specified. As used herein, the terms "about", "substantially" and "substantially" are used to describe the features of the embodiments disclosed hereinafter and further indicate several features having variability in performing a desired function or achieving a desired result with respect to the features.

In the above-described embodiment, many modifications and variations can be added, and these elements should be understood to be included in other allowable examples. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims.