阅读说明：本技术 一种微波提取设备 (Microwave extraction equipment ) 是由 徐志强 程潮 任宏杰 路兰卿 杨继志 成清校 陈继堂 宋柳 于 2020-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种微波提取设备,包括提取罐、冷凝装置和微波发生装置,微波发生装置和冷凝装置分别与提取罐连通,还包括微正压装置,所述微正压装置与提取罐连通,用于保障提取罐处于微正压状态。本发明通过设置微正压装置,确保空气不会倒吸进入提取罐中,从而使提取罐处于微正压状态,满足微波提取设备醇提的安全性要求。(The invention relates to microwave extraction equipment which comprises an extraction tank, a condensing device, a microwave generating device and a micro-positive pressure device, wherein the microwave generating device and the condensing device are respectively communicated with the extraction tank, and the micro-positive pressure device is communicated with the extraction tank and is used for ensuring that the extraction tank is in a micro-positive pressure state. The micro-positive pressure device is arranged to ensure that air is not sucked back into the extraction tank, so that the extraction tank is in a micro-positive pressure state, and the safety requirement of alcohol extraction of microwave extraction equipment is met.)

1. The utility model provides a microwave draws equipment, is including drawing jar, condensing equipment and microwave generating device, microwave generating device and condensing equipment respectively with draw jar intercommunication, its characterized in that: still include the pressure-fired device, the pressure-fired device with draw jar intercommunication for the inside of adjusting to draw the jar is in the pressure-fired state.

2. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micro-positive pressure device comprises a nitrogen pump, and the nitrogen pump is communicated with the extraction tank and is used for filling nitrogen into the extraction tank.

3. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the condensing device is a two-stage steam condensation reflux structure and comprises

The primary condenser is communicated with the extraction tank at one side of the upper end of the extraction tank and is used for condensing the steam led out by the extraction tank into liquid;

the second-stage condenser is communicated with the first-stage condenser and is used for further cooling the liquid condensed by the first-stage condenser;

and the oil-water separator is communicated with the secondary condenser and is used for separating water and oil in the liquid cooled by the secondary condenser and guiding the water into the extraction tank.

4. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the first-stage condenser is a shell-and-tube condenser, and the second-stage condenser is a coil condenser.

5. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: still including set up in draw the agitating unit in the jar, agitating unit is used for stirring the material in the jar of drawing.

6. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the stirring device comprises a push type stirrer, and the central axis of the push type stirrer coincides with the central axis of the extraction tank.

7. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the extraction tank is provided with a microwave feed-in port for feeding microwaves generated by the microwave generating device into the extraction tank, and the height of the microwave feed-in port is not higher than the lowest liquid level set in the extraction tank corresponding to the extraction process.

8. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: still include the level gauge, install in extracting the jar for detect the liquid level in extracting the jar.

9. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: still including drawing the cylinder to one side, the lower extreme that draws the jar is provided with the lower cover that is used for the switching to draw the jar, draw the cylinder to one side and be connected with the lower cover for push-and-pull lower cover.

10. A microwave extraction apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the lower cover is provided with an opening for steam to enter the extraction tank.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of extraction equipment, in particular to microwave extraction equipment.

Background

At present, in the tobacco industry, various multifunctional extraction tanks are generally adopted to extract plant essence and spice, but the extraction tanks have poor heat transfer efficiency and long extraction period, so that the production efficiency is low, and the requirement of high-efficiency extraction cannot be met. Microwave technology, as a novel energy-saving and environment-friendly heating mode, has been widely applied in the fields of chemical synthesis, analytical chemistry, medical biology, food processing, material preparation, communication and the like. The application of the microwave technology mainly comprises microwave digestion, microwave extraction, microwave drying and the like, and the microwave extraction can quickly break cell walls, has high extraction efficiency, is beneficial to desorption of extracted substances from a sample matrix, and obviously improves the extraction speed. The microwave extraction method has the advantages of high efficiency, high speed, energy conservation, environmental protection, batch treatment, automation realization and the like, and provides a new way for extracting the plant essence and spice. Various microwave extraction techniques and associated equipment have emerged in the market place.

The present invention has been made in view of this situation.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide microwave extraction equipment, wherein a micro-positive pressure device is arranged to ensure that air cannot be sucked back into an extraction tank, so that the safety requirement of alcohol extraction of the microwave extraction equipment is met, a secondary steam condensation reflux structure is arranged, water obtained after separation is guided back into the extraction tank, so that gas-liquid balance in the extraction tank is kept, and the micro-positive pressure state of the extraction tank is guaranteed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a microwave draws equipment, is including drawing jar, condensing equipment and microwave generating device, microwave generating device and condensing equipment respectively with draw jar intercommunication, still include the pressure-fired device, the pressure-fired device with draw jar intercommunication for the inside that the regulation was drawed the jar is in the pressure-fired state.

Further, the pressure-fired device includes nitrogen pump, nitrogen pump and extraction jar intercommunication for fill nitrogen gas in to extracting the jar.

Further, the condensing device is a two-stage steam condensation reflux structure and comprises

The primary condenser is communicated with the extraction tank at one side of the upper end of the extraction tank and is used for condensing the steam led out by the extraction tank into liquid;

the second-stage condenser is communicated with the first-stage condenser and is used for further cooling the liquid condensed by the first-stage condenser;

and the oil-water separator is communicated with the secondary condenser and is used for separating water and oil in the liquid cooled by the secondary condenser and guiding the water into the extraction tank.

Furthermore, the first-stage condenser is a shell-and-tube condenser, and the second-stage condenser is a coil condenser.

Further, still including set up in the agitating unit in the jar is drawed, agitating unit is used for stirring the material in the jar of drawing.

Further, the stirring device comprises a propeller stirrer, and the central axis of the propeller stirrer is coincident with the central axis of the extraction tank.

Furthermore, the extraction tank is provided with a microwave feed-in port for feeding microwaves generated by the microwave generating device into the extraction tank, and the height of the microwave feed-in port is not higher than the lowest liquid level set by the extraction tank corresponding to the extraction process.

Further, still include the level gauge, install in the extraction tank for detect the liquid level in the extraction tank.

Further, still including drawing the cylinder to one side, the lower extreme of drawing the jar is provided with the lower cover that is used for the switching to draw the jar, draw the cylinder to one side and be connected with the lower cover for push-and-pull lower cover.

Further, the lower cover is provided with an opening for steam to enter the extraction tank.

After the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, the following beneficial effects are brought:

according to the microwave extraction equipment provided by the invention, nitrogen is filled into the extraction tank through the nitrogen pump in the micro-positive pressure device, and meanwhile, the extraction tank is in a micro-positive pressure state and the oxygen concentration in the extraction tank is below a safety threshold, so that the microwave extraction equipment is simple, convenient and low in cost, and the resources are saved.

According to the microwave extraction equipment provided by the invention, the secondary steam condensation reflux structure is arranged, so that a better oil-water separation effect is obtained, and simultaneously, the water obtained after separation returns to the extraction tank, on one hand, the water is recycled, resources are saved, on the other hand, liquid is timely supplemented to the extraction tank, so that the gas-liquid balance in the extraction tank is kept, and a guarantee is provided for the extraction tank to be in a micro-positive pressure state.

According to the microwave extraction equipment provided by the invention, the spiral stirrer is arranged, so that the materials are continuously stirred to the near-wall area of the extraction tank to be irradiated, the flow rate of the materials from the center to the edge of the extraction tank is increased, more materials are fully heated, and the effective components in the raw materials are fully extracted.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the structural schematic diagram of the microwave extraction equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2: the embodiment of the invention provides a structural schematic diagram for opening a lower cover of microwave extraction equipment.

FIG. 3: the microwave cavity structure schematic diagram of the microwave extraction equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals: 1. an extraction tank; 11. a material inlet; 12. a solvent inlet; 13. a lower cover; 14. a glass kettle body; 2. a microwave generating device; 21. a microwave cavity; 3. a condensing unit; 31. a shell and tube condenser; 32. a coil condenser; 33. an oil-water separator; 4. a micro positive pressure device; 41. a nitrogen pump; 5. a stirring device; 51. a helical agitator; 52. a stirring motor; 6. a liquid level meter; 7. a diagonal pulling cylinder; 8. lock ring cylinder

It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in figure 1, a microwave extraction equipment, including extracting jar 1, condensing equipment 3 and microwave generating device 2, microwave generating device 2 and condensing equipment 3 respectively with extract jar 1 intercommunication, still include pressure-fired device 4, pressure-fired device 4 with extract jar 1 intercommunication for the inside of adjusting and extracting jar 1 is in the pressure-fired state.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the extraction tank 1 includes an outer structure and an inner structure, the outer structure can be made of metal material or nonmetal material, such as stainless steel, ceramic, and glass, and the inner structure is made of nonmetal material, preferably a glass kettle body 14. The glass kettle body 14 can ensure that the microwave generated by the microwave generating device 2 can be smoothly fed into the extracting tank 1. The upper end of extraction tank 1 is provided with material entry 11 and solvent entry 12, draws the raw materials and gets into extraction tank 1 from material entry 11, and the extractant gets into extraction tank 1 through solvent entry 12. Be provided with on the jar 1 and be arranged in the microwave that microwave generating device 2 produced to feed in the microwave that draws in jar 1 and feed in the mouth, microwave generating device 2 feeds in with through the microwave and draws jar 1 intercommunication, and the microwave that feeds in through the microwave feed-in mouth heats the material in jar 1, and the steam that the material produced after heating gets into condensing equipment 3 and carries out the condensation, separates out the required active ingredient who draws the raw materials after handling.

The microwave-assisted extraction of plant effective components, namely, the microwave extraction equipment is used for extracting essences and spices, alcohol aqueous solution is commonly used as a solvent, and in order to ensure that the microwave extraction equipment can be safely used under the alcohol extraction condition, the microwave extraction equipment is safely designed and comprises a micro-positive pressure device 4 for ensuring that an extraction tank 1 is in a micro-positive pressure state in the extraction process, a nitrogen charging device for controlling the oxygen concentration in the extraction tank 1, and a microwave feed inlet for controlling the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 to be not lower than the microwave feed inlet in the extraction process.

Specifically, the microwave extraction equipment is provided with a micro-positive pressure device 4 which is communicated with the extraction tank 1 so as to ensure that the extraction tank 1 is in a micro-positive pressure state in the extraction process; the micro-positive pressure device 4 comprises a nitrogen pump 41, and the nitrogen pump 41 is communicated with the extraction tank 1 and is used for filling nitrogen into the extraction tank 1. Draw jar 1 upper end and be equipped with the opening, nitrogen pump 41 fills nitrogen gas into through the opening to drawing jar 1, can ensure like this that the air can not suck back and get into and draw jar 1 to the messenger draws jar 1 and is in the pressure-fired state, satisfies the security requirement that microwave draws equipment alcohol extraction. The micro-positive pressure device 4 further comprises a pressure sensor and a pressure regulating valve, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure in the extracting tank 1, and the pressure regulating valve controls the nitrogen flow according to the pressure of the extracting tank 1 detected by the pressure sensor, so that the extracting tank 1 is always in a micro-positive pressure state in the extracting process. In addition, when the nitrogen pump 41 fills nitrogen into the extraction tank 1, the concentration of oxygen in the extraction tank 1 is reduced, and the concentration of oxygen in the extraction tank 1 is ensured to be below a safety threshold value, so as to ensure the safety of the microwave extraction equipment in the extraction process, that is, the nitrogen pump 41 in the micro positive pressure device 4 is a nitrogen filling device for controlling the concentration of oxygen in the extraction tank 1. Fill into nitrogen gas through nitrogen gas pump 41 to extracting jar 1, realize simultaneously guaranteeing to extract jar 1 and be in pressure-fired state and extract jar oxygen concentration in 1 and be under the safety threshold, it is simple convenient, with low costs, save the resource.

In drawing the in-process, the material height of drawing in jar 1 is in the certain extent, can not be full of and draw jar 1, so that the material after the gasification can get into condensing equipment 3 in and condense, that is to say, draw the in-process, it is full of gas to draw 1 lower part splendid attire material upper portion space of jar, in order to improve resource utilization and extraction efficiency, it leads to drawing jar 1 overheated to avoid the direct irradiation wall of microwave, must ensure that microwave energy can not reveal in the gas phase space, namely, the control microwave only draws jar 1 space range to the part that the material occupied and irradiates. In the invention, the lowest liquid level of the extraction tank 1 in the extraction process is set, the height of a microwave feed-in port is not higher than the lowest liquid level set by the extraction tank 1 in the corresponding extraction process, a capacitance type liquid level meter 6 is installed at the position, close to the wall surface, of the extraction tank 1, the height of a material in the extraction tank 1 is detected, namely, the liquid level meter 6 is arranged to detect the liquid level in the extraction tank 1, the height of the material in the extraction tank 1 is ensured to be not lower than the set lowest liquid level all the time in the extraction process, so that the liquid level in the extraction tank 1 is controlled not to be lower than a microwave feed-in port in the extraction process, the microwave energy is ensured not to be leaked into a gas phase space, the resource utilization rate and the extraction efficiency are improved, and safety accidents caused by overheating of the extraction tank 1 are avoided.

Still be provided with temperature-detecting device in extracting jar 1, detect and draw the in-process and extract the temperature in jar 1 to ensure safety.

After microwave irradiation, the effective components of the materials are gasified and enter a condensing device 3 for cooling and separation, and the final effective components are obtained. In order to solve the problem of heat balance in the extraction process, the invention uses the traditional reflux extraction method for reference, so the condensing device 3 is a two-stage steam condensation reflux structure and comprises

The primary condenser is communicated with the extraction tank 1 and is arranged on one side of the upper end of the extraction tank 1 and is used for condensing the steam led out from the extraction tank 1 into liquid;

the second-stage condenser is communicated with the first-stage condenser and is used for further cooling the liquid condensed by the first-stage condenser;

and an oil-water separator 33 which communicates with the secondary condenser and separates water and oil in the liquid cooled by the secondary condenser, and introduces the water into the extraction tank 1.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the first-stage condenser is a shell-and-tube condenser 31, and the second-stage condenser is a coil condenser 32. The shell and tube condenser 31, the coil condenser 32 and the oil-water separator 33 are sequentially communicated, the heights of the shell and tube condenser 31 and the coil condenser 32 are sequentially reduced, liquid condensed by the shell and tube condenser 31 is further condensed and cooled, the next step of oil-water separation can be ensured to obtain a better effect, the liquid condensed and cooled flows into the oil-water separator 33, oil is collected at the upper part of the oil-water separator 33, water is contained at the lower part of the oil-water separator 33, the water can be completely returned to the extraction tank 1, or part of the discharged oil-water separator 33 is partially returned to the extraction tank 1. The oil-water separator 33 is communicated with the extraction tank 1, the oil-water separator and the extraction tank can be communicated through the material inlet 11, can also be communicated with the other side of the upper end of the extraction tank 1, and can be arranged according to actual requirements. In order to prevent steam formed by the heated material influenced by the water returned to the extraction tank 1 from entering the tubular condenser 31, the communication between the tubular condenser 31 and the extraction tank 1 is far away from the communication between the oil-water separator 33 and the extraction tank 1. For convenience of observation and operation, the coil condenser 32 and the oil-water separator 33 are made of transparent glass.

The water obtained after the separation by the oil-water separator 33 is returned to the extraction tank 1, so that on one hand, the water is recycled, the resources are saved, on the other hand, the liquid is supplemented to the extraction tank 1 in time, the gas-liquid balance in the extraction tank 1 is kept, and the micro-positive pressure state of the extraction tank 1 is guaranteed.

The microwave feed inlet sets up at the lateral wall of extracting jar 1, and the microwave that microwave generating device 2 produced heats the material in getting into extracting jar 1 from the lateral wall, because microwave penetrability is poor, microwave irradiation distance is restricted promptly, is in the material that extracts jar 1 central authorities probably not by microwave direct heating and leads to the heating insufficient to fail fully to extract the active ingredient in the raw materials, cause wasting of resources and inefficiency. According to the invention, the extraction tank 1 is provided with the stirring device 5 for stirring the materials in the extraction tank 1, the stirring device 5 comprises a push type stirrer and a stirring motor 52, the central axis of the push type stirrer is coincident with the central axis of the extraction tank 1, the push type stirrer is preferably a spiral stirrer 51, the stirring motor 52 drives the spiral stirrer 51 to run from top to bottom, the materials are continuously stirred to the near-wall surface area of the extraction tank 1 to be irradiated, the flow rate of the materials from the center to the edge of the extraction tank 1 is improved, so that more materials are fully heated, and effective components in the raw materials are fully extracted. The central axis of helical agitator 51 and the coincidence of the central axis of extracting jar 1 for the stirring is more even, and the probability that the material got into and extracts jar 1 near wall face district is also more balanced, thereby ensures that the material is by the abundant heating. In addition, in the microwave generating device 2, the microwave cavity 21 is set to be a regular pentagon (see fig. 3), so that the microwave field can be uniformly distributed, the heating of the material is more facilitated, and the heating is more sufficient and uniform.

In the invention, the microwave extraction equipment is also provided with a diagonal cylinder 7, the lower end of the extraction tank 1 is provided with a lower cover 13 for opening and closing the extraction tank 1, and the diagonal cylinder 7 is connected with the lower cover 13 and used for pushing and pulling the lower cover 13 so as to enable the lower cover 13 to be in an open or closed state. The lower cover 13 is detachable from the body of the extracting pot 1 (see fig. 2), and thus a locking ring cylinder 8 connected to the locking ring of the lower cover 13 is further provided to fix the lower cover 13.

The lower cover 13 is provided with an opening for steam to enter the extraction tank 1. Lower cover 13 still communicates with the pump, draws after finishing, and the pump is taken away the raffinate in extracting jar 1, before opening lower cover 13 clearance solid residue, inputs steam in to extracting jar 1 through lower cover 13 opening, reduces the alcohol entrainment volume in the residue to avoid alcohol content high and have the potential safety hazard, reduce the expense that the residue was handled simultaneously, reduce cost.

The technological process for extracting the active ingredients of the raw materials by using the microwave extraction equipment of the invention is summarized as follows:

firstly, raw materials for extraction and alcohol with proper concentration are respectively put into the extraction tank 1 through the material inlet 11 and the solvent inlet 12 according to a certain proportion, and the height of the materials in the extraction tank 1 is ensured to be higher than the set minimum liquid level.

Then, nitrogen gas is filled into the extraction tank 1 by the nitrogen gas pump 41, so that the extraction tank 1 is in a micro-positive pressure state and the oxygen concentration is below a safety threshold.

After the preparation work in earlier stage is finished, the microwave heating device is started to heat the materials in the extracting tank 1, the temperature detection device detects the temperature of the materials in the extracting tank 1, and when the temperature is close to the boiling point, the heating power of the microwave heating device is gradually reduced, particularly the heating power of a microwave source close to a gas phase space is reduced, so that the safety is ensured.

The material gasification gets into condensing equipment 3 and carries out the condensation separation to obtain required active ingredient, the aqueous phase after the separation returns and draws jar 1 in, cyclic utilization, resources are saved guarantees to draw jar 1 gas-liquid balance.

After the set process time is reached, closing the microwave heating device, pumping away residual liquid in the extraction tank 1, introducing steam into the extraction tank 1 through an opening of the lower cover 13, reducing the alcohol entrainment of the residues, opening the lower cover 13, and cleaning the solid residues; or after pumping residual liquid, new alcohol is put into the extraction tank 1 for secondary extraction, so that the material utilization rate is improved.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.