阅读说明：本技术 一种水利工程保温材料及其制备方法 (Hydraulic engineering heat insulation material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 顾青林 乔爱龙 申艳荣 杨霞 郭晓庆 刘珂 申群 申康 王文科 许顺飞 丁国庆 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种水利工程保温材料,涉及保温材料生产技术领域,由以下重量份数的原料制成：矿渣水泥20-30份、云母粉5-10份、多孔材料5-10份、玻化微珠2-3份、发泡剂0.6-1份、聚合氯化铝1-2份、聚丙烯酸钾1-2份和水18-25份。该保温材料中添加有废陶瓷和植物纤维制备的多孔材料,保温性能好,强度高,经济环保。(The invention discloses a hydraulic engineering heat insulation material, which relates to the technical field of heat insulation material production and is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of slag cement, 5-10 parts of mica powder, 5-10 parts of a porous material, 2-3 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.6-1 part of a foaming agent, 1-2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1-2 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 18-25 parts of water. The heat-insulating material is added with the porous material prepared from the waste ceramic and the plant fiber, and has the advantages of good heat-insulating property, high strength, economy and environmental protection.)

1. A hydraulic engineering insulation material which characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of slag cement, 5-10 parts of mica powder, 5-10 parts of a porous material, 2-3 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.6-1 part of a foaming agent, 1-2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1-2 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 18-25 parts of water.

2. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5-0.8: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2.

3. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 2-5 wt% alkali solution 5-8 times the weight of hoof and horn powder, water bathing at 90 deg.C for 8-10 hr, and filtering to remove residue to obtain the final product.

4. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vitrified micro bubbles are vitrified micro bubbles with the particle size of 300-300 mu m and the particle size of 300-500 mu m according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 are mixed.

5. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.2-0.5 part of plant fiber powder and 10-12 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 10-13 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 3-5 wt% of acetic acid solution into 6-7 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, and then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid to mix uniformly to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 2-3h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 10-12h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain a briquette;

(4) the temperature of the billet is 3-5 ℃ per minute^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and heating to 3-5 deg.C/min^-1Raising the temperature to 1250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-3h, reducing the temperature to normal temperature, grinding the powder, and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the porous material.

6. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the hot polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the acrylamide solution, the acrylic acid solution, the glutaraldehyde solution and the acetic acid solution in the step (3) is 12-14: 2: 2: 1: 1.

7. the hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 5, characterized in that: the plant fiber powder is prepared by crushing straw, cotton stalk or rice hull.

8. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of Portland cement, 30-40 parts of blast furnace slag, 5-8 parts of gypsum and 0.1-0.2 part of grinding aid.

9. The hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material according to claim 8, characterized in that: the grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of triethanolamine, 4-5 parts of lignin, 4-5 parts of monoglyceride, 1-2 parts of glycerol, 1-2 parts of molasses and 15-20 parts of water.

10. A method for preparing the hydraulic engineering thermal insulation material of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

1) uniformly stirring slag cement, mica powder, a porous material, vitrified micro bubbles, polyaluminium chloride, potassium polyacrylate and half water to obtain a mixture;

2) and (3) mixing the foaming agent and the residual water, foaming, uniformly mixing the prepared foam and the mixture obtained in the step (1), injecting the mixture into a mold, curing and demolding to obtain the product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of production of heat insulation materials, in particular to a water conservancy project heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Dam, dyke etc. of hydraulic engineering construction are mostly concrete structure, receive microthermal influence in winter at severe cold district hydraulic engineering, thereby dam body concrete receives the cooling impact, thereby produces the crack easily to influence the durability of hydraulic engineering structure, consequently at dam body surface construction insulation material also is vital.

Chinese patent document (CN 111908865A) discloses a wear-resistant heat-insulating building mortar and a preparation method thereof, wherein the mortar is prepared by mixing powder and water, wherein the weight ratio of the powder to the water is 100: 20-30; wherein the powder is prepared by processing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of cement, 15-20 parts of quartz sand, 15-20 parts of mica powder, 2-20 parts of attapulgite, 15-25 parts of modified hollow glass microspheres, 5-12 parts of lignocellulose, 3-5 parts of dispersible latex powder, 15-20 parts of silicon micropowder, 0.2-0.5 part of water reducing agent and 0.2-0.5 part of water retaining agent; according to the invention, titanium dioxide generated by hydrolysis of titanium sulfate under an acidic condition is coated on the surface of the hollow glass bead, so that heat transfer brought by direct sunlight is reduced, and on the other hand, the strength of the hollow glass bead can be improved, the effective utilization rate of the hollow glass bead is improved, and the heat preservation and insulation effect of mortar is further improved. Chinese patent document (CN111548080A) discloses a heat-insulating wallboard and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials, and comprising two panels and a filling layer arranged between the two panels, wherein the filling layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of cement, 15-20 parts of quartz sand, 3-8 parts of gypsum, 5-10 parts of clay, 20-35 parts of fly ash, 3-8 parts of floating beads, 5-8 parts of perlite, 10-15 parts of polystyrene particles, 3-8 parts of reinforcing fibers and 15-20 parts of a bonding agent. The preparation method of the heat-insulating wallboard comprises the steps of preparing slurry from clay, floating beads, polystyrene particles and water, preparing slurry from gypsum, reinforcing fibers and water, preparing slurry from the rest raw materials, mixing the three types of slurry to prepare mixed slurry, and then pouring to prepare the heat-insulating wallboard; the invention increases the heat preservation performance of the material by adding floating beads and polystyrene particles.

The above patent documents do not consider environmental protection and cost, because the heat insulating property and strength of the material are improved by adding or modifying the heat insulating filler.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a water conservancy project thermal insulation material, which is a porous material prepared by adding waste ceramic and plant fiber, and has the advantages of good thermal insulation performance, high strength, economy and environmental protection.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of slag cement, 5-10 parts of mica powder, 5-10 parts of a porous material, 2-3 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.6-1 part of a foaming agent, 1-2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1-2 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 18-25 parts of water.

Further, the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5-0.8: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2.

Further, the preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 2-5 wt% alkali solution 5-8 times the weight of hoof and horn powder, water bathing at 90 deg.C for 8-10 hr, and filtering to remove residue to obtain the final product.

Further, the vitrified micro bubbles are vitrified micro bubbles with the particle size of 200-300 μm and the particle size of 300-500 μm according to the weight ratio of 1: 1 are mixed.

Further, the porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.2-0.5 part of plant fiber powder and 10-12 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 10-13 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 3-5 wt% of acetic acid solution into 6-7 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, and then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid to mix uniformly to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 2-3h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 10-12h at 60-80 ℃ to obtain a briquette;

(4) the temperature of the billet is 3-5 ℃ per minute^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and heating to 3-5 deg.C/min^-1Raising the temperature to 1250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2-3h, reducing the temperature to normal temperature, grinding the powder, and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the porous material.

Further, in the step (3), the weight ratio of the hot polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to the acrylamide solution to the acrylic acid solution to the glutaraldehyde solution to the acetic acid solution is 12-14: 2: 2: 1: 1.

further, the plant fiber powder is fiber powder formed by crushing straw, cotton stalk or rice hull.

Further, the slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of Portland cement, 30-40 parts of blast furnace slag, 5-8 parts of gypsum and 0.1-0.2 part of grinding aid.

Further, the grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of triethanolamine, 4-5 parts of lignin, 4-5 parts of monoglyceride, 1-2 parts of glycerol, 1-2 parts of molasses and 15-20 parts of water.

A preparation method of a hydraulic engineering heat insulation material comprises the following steps:

1) uniformly stirring slag cement, mica powder, a porous material, vitrified micro bubbles, polyaluminium chloride, potassium polyacrylate and half water to obtain a mixture;

2) and (3) mixing the foaming agent and the residual water, foaming, uniformly mixing the prepared foam and the mixture obtained in the step (1), injecting the mixture into a mold, curing and demolding to obtain the product.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the application discloses a hydraulic engineering heat-insulating material, wherein mica powder, vitrified micro bubbles and a porous material are added into slag cement, wherein the mica powder is light in weight and good in heat-insulating property, and the heat-insulating property of the slag cement can be greatly improved by matching the vitrified micro bubbles and the porous material; in addition, the polymeric aluminum oxide and the potassium polyacrylate are added, so that the water absorption performance and the water retention performance are good, the stability and the non-sedimentation of the material system can be ensured, and the problems of dry lines and the like caused by early shrinkage of the material can be reduced.

2. The porous material is formed by mixing waste ceramic powder, plant fiber powder and a high-molecular premixed liquid and then roasting at a high temperature, the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder are used as raw materials, the source is wide, waste can be changed into valuables, and therefore the cost is saved, and the porous material is economical and environment-friendly. The macromolecular premix liquid is formed by mixing polyvinyl alcohol, acrylamide, acrylic acid and glutaraldehyde, wherein the glutaraldehyde can perform a crosslinking reaction with the polyvinyl alcohol, and the acrylamide and the acrylic acid are polymerized and crosslinked with each other, so that a macromolecular crosslinking gel system with high performance structure strength can be formed; and the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder are uniformly dispersed in the gel system to form an organic-inorganic composite system. In the high-temperature roasting process, crystal grains in the waste ceramic powder grow up and are tightly connected; and the plant fiber and the organic polymer therein can slowly lose weight to form a microporous structure. Since the silica sol is distributed on the surface of the plant fiber, on one hand, the weight loss rate can be slowed down, so that the pore distribution is more uniform, on the other hand, part of glassy carbon can be formed in the carbonization process of the plant fiber, and the glassy carbon and ceramic crystal grains are bridged to form a porous material with higher strength, so that the strength of the porous material is ensured; the finally prepared porous secondary material has high strength and large specific surface area.

3. In the preparation process of the porous material, the temperature is controlled to be 3-5 ℃ per minute^-1Heating to 600 ℃ at the speed of (1) and preserving the heat for 2h to ensure that the plant fiber powder and the organisms slowly decompose and lose weight; in the process of roasting at 1250 ℃, waste ceramic particles are mutually connected into a skeleton structure, and finally, a porous material with high strength and a large number of micropores is formed, the structure is not easy to crack and break in a cement base material, and the heat preservation effect is good.

4. The foaming agent is prepared by mixing animal protein, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wherein the tea saponin is a nonionic surfactant and is bonded with H in the animal protein, so that the stability of a foam membrane wall can be improved; the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose increases the bonding performance of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with cement and increases the durability of foam. The foaming rate is high, the compatibility with cement is good, the foam is stable and durable, and the foam is not easy to break; therefore, the foaming agent has good foaming effect, good compatibility with cement base materials and good foam stability.

5. In order to reduce the cost, the slag cement is adopted to prepare the heat-insulating material, the blast furnace slag is added into the portland cement, in order to improve the performance of the slag cement, a grinding aid is added in the ball milling process, the grinding aid is formed by compounding triethanolamine, lignin, monoglyceride, glycerol and molasses, and can be adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, the grinding effect of the slag cement is improved, the agglomeration is reduced, the activity of slag micropowder is improved, and the strength, the corrosion resistance and the permeability resistance of the cement are improved.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

A hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of slag cement, 10 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of porous material, 3 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.6 part of foaming agent, 1 part of polyaluminium chloride, 2 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 18 parts of water.

Wherein the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 0.1: 0.1, and mixing.

The preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 2 wt% alkali solution 5 times the weight of hoof and horn powder, water bathing at 90 deg.C for 8-10h, and filtering to remove residue to obtain the final product.

The adopted vitrified micro bubbles are 200-300 mu m vitrified micro bubbles with the grain diameter of 300-500 mu m, and the weight ratio of the vitrified micro bubbles is 1: 1 are mixed.

The porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.2 part of plant fiber powder and 10 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 10 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 3 wt% of acetic acid solution into 6 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid, and uniformly mixing to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 2h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 12h at 60 ℃ to obtain a briquette; the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution to the acrylamide solution to the acrylic acid solution to the glutaraldehyde solution to the acetic acid solution is 12: 2: 2: 1: 1;

(4) the temperature of the briquette is 3 ℃ min^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and then keeping the temperature at 5 deg.C/min^-1Raising the temperature to 1250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2 hours, reducing the temperature to normal temperature, grinding the powder, and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the porous material.

The plant fiber powder is formed by crushing cotton stalks and is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve; the waste ceramic powder is obtained by crushing waste ceramic, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve, and collecting undersize.

The slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42.5 parts of Portland cement, 40 parts of blast furnace slag, 5 parts of gypsum and 0.1 part of grinding aid.

The grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of lignin, 5 parts of monoglyceride, 1 part of glycerol, 2 parts of molasses and 15 parts of water.

The preparation method of the hydraulic engineering heat insulation material comprises the following steps:

1) uniformly stirring slag cement, mica powder, a porous material, vitrified micro bubbles, polyaluminium chloride, potassium polyacrylate and half water to obtain a mixture;

2) and (3) mixing the foaming agent and the residual water, foaming, uniformly mixing the prepared foam and the mixture obtained in the step (1), injecting the mixture into a mold, curing and demolding to obtain the product.

Example 2

A hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 22 parts of slag cement, 9 parts of mica powder, 6 parts of porous material, 2.5 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.7 part of foaming agent, 1.2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1.5 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 20 parts of water.

Wherein the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.6: 0.1: 0.1, and mixing.

The preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 6 times of 3 wt% alkali liquor, performing water bath at 90 ℃ for 8-10h, and filtering to remove filter residue to obtain the product.

The adopted vitrified micro bubbles are 200-300 mu m vitrified micro bubbles with the grain diameter of 300-500 mu m, and the weight ratio of the vitrified micro bubbles is 1: 1 are mixed.

The porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.3 part of plant fiber powder and 10 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 11 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 3.5 wt% of acetic acid solution into 6 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid, and uniformly mixing to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 2h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 12h at 60 ℃ to obtain a briquette; the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution to the acrylamide solution to the acrylic acid solution to the glutaraldehyde solution to the acetic acid solution is 12: 2: 2: 1: 1;

(4) the temperature of the briquette is 3 ℃ min^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and then heating to 4 deg.C/min^-1Raising the temperature to 1250 ℃, preserving the heat for 2 hours, reducing the temperature to normal temperature, grinding the powder, and sieving the powder by a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the porous material.

The plant fiber powder in the embodiment is rice hull fiber powder, and is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.

The slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42.5 parts of Portland cement 52 parts, blast furnace slag 38 parts, gypsum 6 parts and grinding aid 0.1 part.

The grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16 parts of triethanolamine, 4.2 parts of lignin, 4.8 parts of monoglyceride, 1.2 parts of glycerol, 1.8 parts of molasses and 16 parts of water.

The preparation method of the hydraulic engineering heat insulation material comprises the following steps:

1) uniformly stirring slag cement, mica powder, a porous material, vitrified micro bubbles, polyaluminium chloride, potassium polyacrylate and half water to obtain a mixture;

2) and (3) mixing the foaming agent and the residual water, foaming, uniformly mixing the prepared foam and the mixture obtained in the step (1), injecting the mixture into a mold, curing and demolding to obtain the product.

Example 3

A hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of slag cement, 8 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of porous material, 2.8 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.8 part of foaming agent, 1.5 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1.5 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 22 parts of water.

Wherein the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.7: 0.15: 0.15 by mixing.

The preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 6 times of 4 wt% alkali liquor, performing water bath at 90 ℃ for 8-10h, and filtering to remove filter residue to obtain the product.

The adopted vitrified micro bubbles are 200-300 mu m vitrified micro bubbles with the grain diameter of 300-500 mu m, and the weight ratio of the vitrified micro bubbles is 1: 1 are mixed.

The porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.4 part of plant fiber powder and 11 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 12 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 4 wt% of acetic acid solution into 6.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid, and uniformly mixing to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 2.5h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 11h at 70 ℃ to obtain a briquette; the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution to the acrylamide solution to the acrylic acid solution to the glutaraldehyde solution to the acetic acid solution is 13: 2: 2: 1: 1;

(4) the temperature of the briquette is 4 ℃ min^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and then heating to 4 deg.C/min^-1The temperature is raised to 1250 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 2.5 hours, the temperature is lowered to normal temperature, and the mixture is ground until the powder is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, thus obtaining the porous material.

The plant fiber powder in the embodiment is cotton stalk fiber powder, and the cotton stalk fiber powder is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.

The slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42.5 parts of Portland cement, 35 parts of blast furnace slag, 6 parts of gypsum and 0.15 part of grinding aid.

The grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of triethanolamine, 4.5 parts of lignin, 4.5 parts of monoglyceride, 1.5 parts of glycerol, 1.5 parts of molasses and 18 parts of water.

The preparation method of the hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

Example 4

A hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of slag cement, 6 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of porous material, 2 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 0.9 part of foaming agent, 1.8 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1.2 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 24 parts of water.

Wherein the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.2: 0.2, and mixing.

The preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 5 wt% alkali solution 7 times the weight of hoof and horn powder, water bathing at 90 deg.C for 8-10 hr, and filtering to remove residue to obtain the final product.

The adopted vitrified micro bubbles are 200-300 mu m vitrified micro bubbles with the grain diameter of 300-500 mu m, and the weight ratio of the vitrified micro bubbles is 1: 1 are mixed.

The porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2.5 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.5 part of plant fiber powder and 11 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 12 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 4 wt% of acetic acid solution into 7 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid, and uniformly mixing to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 2.5h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 10h at 80 ℃ to obtain a briquette; the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution to the acrylamide solution to the acrylic acid solution to the glutaraldehyde solution to the acetic acid solution is 13: 2: 2: 1: 1;

(4) the temperature of the briquette is 4 ℃ min^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and then heating to 3 deg.C/min^-1The temperature is raised to 1250 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 2.5 hours, the temperature is lowered to normal temperature, and the mixture is ground until the powder is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, thus obtaining the porous material.

The plant fiber powder is prepared by crushing rice hull and sieving with 100 mesh sieve.

The slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 42.5 parts of Portland cement 58 parts, 32 parts of blast furnace slag, 7 parts of gypsum and 0.15 part of grinding aid.

The grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of triethanolamine, 4.8 parts of lignin, 4 parts of monoglyceride, 1.5 parts of glycerol, 1.2 parts of molasses and 18 parts of water.

Example 5

A hydraulic engineering heat insulation material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of slag cement, 5 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of porous material, 2 parts of vitrified micro bubbles, 1 part of foaming agent, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 1 part of potassium polyacrylate and 25 parts of water.

Wherein the foaming agent is hoof keratin liquid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, tea saponin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a weight ratio of 1: 0.7: 0.15: 0.1, and mixing.

The preparation method of the hoof and horn protein liquid comprises the following steps: dispersing hoof and horn powder in 8 times of 4 wt% alkali liquor, performing water bath at 90 ℃ for 8-10h, and filtering to remove filter residue to obtain the product.

The adopted vitrified micro bubbles are 200-300 mu m vitrified micro bubbles with the grain diameter of 300-500 mu m, and the weight ratio of the vitrified micro bubbles is 1: 1 are mixed.

The porous material is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing materials: the formula of the porous material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of waste ceramic powder, 0.3 part of plant fiber powder and 12 parts of premixed liquid.

(2) The weight ratio of the plant fiber powder to the silica sol is 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and drying at 50 ℃;

(3) adding 13 wt% of glutaraldehyde solution and 5 wt% of acetic acid solution into 7 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution, then adding acrylamide and acrylic acid, and uniformly mixing to form premixed liquid; then adding the waste ceramic powder and the plant fiber powder in the step (2), uniformly stirring, ultrasonically mixing for 3h at 50-60 ℃, and drying for 10h at 80 ℃ to obtain a briquette; the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol hot water solution to the acrylamide solution to the acrylic acid solution to the glutaraldehyde solution to the acetic acid solution is 14: 2: 2: 1: 1;

(4) the temperature of the briquette is 5 ℃ min^-1Heating to 600 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 2h, and then heating to 3 deg.C/min^-1The temperature is raised to 1250 ℃, the temperature is preserved for 3 hours, the temperature is lowered to normal temperature, and the mixture is ground into powder and is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, thus obtaining the porous material.

The plant fiber powder is prepared by crushing straw and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve.

The slag cement is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of 42.5 Portland cement, 30 parts of blast furnace slag, 8 parts of gypsum and 0.2 part of grinding aid.

The grinding aid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of triethanolamine, 5 parts of lignin, 4 parts of monoglyceride, 2 parts of glycerol, 1 part of molasses and 20 parts of water.

Performance detection

The performance of the porous materials prepared in examples 1-5 was tested, wherein the apparent porosity was tested according to the porous ceramic apparent porosity and volume-weight test method, and the compressive strength of the fired porous material briquettes was tested according to the porous ceramic compressive strength test method GB/T-1964-1996; the insulation of examples 1-5 was prepared as 100 x 100mm test blocks and tested for compressive strength and thermal conductivity, and the results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 Performance test data

As can be seen from Table 1, the porous materials prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 have an apparent porosity of 60 to 64 percent and a high strength of 38 to 40MPa, which indicates that the porous materials prepared in the embodiments have a high porosity, a good heat preservation effect, a high strength and a pore structure which is not easy to collapse; the finally prepared heat insulation board has the heat conductivity coefficient of 0.042-0.056W/(m.k), good heat insulation performance, high strength and excellent performance, and can be used for surface heat insulation of concrete structures of hydraulic engineering.

Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.