阅读说明：本技术 一种温度可控式双步骤冷却干馏装置及其使用方法 (Temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device and using method thereof ) 是由 朱秋劲 罗宪礼 季少云 徐定荣 李伦 涂琴珍 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种温度可控式双步骤冷却干馏装置及其使用方法,包括锅炉、炉盖、第一管道、第一收集罐、第二管道、冷凝罐、第二收集灌、抽烟机、机架,锅炉与炉盖通过螺栓连接,锅炉内安装有电炉盘和物料篮,锅炉的炉壁固定安装有温度计,第一管道一端穿过炉盖与锅炉连通,另一端与第一收集罐连通,第一收集罐与冷凝罐一端通过第二管道连通,冷凝罐另一端与第二收集灌通过第三管道连通,第二收集灌与抽烟机通过第四管道连通。加热温度可调的电炉盘加热物料,可将炉内温度加热至800℃,可针对不同物料进行干馏,调节抽烟机和冷却风机的转速,可实现废气零排放,散热器和冷却罐干馏产生馏分物进行两次冷却,使得干馏产生的馏分物尽可能冷却形成干馏液。(The invention provides a temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device and a using method thereof, and the device comprises a boiler, a boiler cover, a first pipeline, a first collecting tank, a second pipeline, a condensing tank, a second collecting tank, a smoke extractor and a frame, wherein the boiler is connected with the boiler cover through bolts, an electric furnace tray and a material basket are installed in the boiler, a thermometer is fixedly installed on the wall of the boiler, one end of the first pipeline penetrates through the boiler cover to be communicated with the boiler, the other end of the first pipeline is communicated with the first collecting tank, the first collecting tank is communicated with one end of the condensing tank through the second pipeline, the other end of the condensing tank is communicated with the second collecting tank through a third pipeline, and the second collecting tank is communicated with the smoke extractor through a fourth pipeline. The electric furnace plate with the adjustable heating temperature heats materials, the temperature in the furnace can be heated to 800 ℃, dry distillation can be carried out on different materials, the rotating speeds of a smoke extractor and a cooling fan are adjusted, zero emission of waste gas can be realized, and distillate generated by the dry distillation of a radiator and a cooling tank is cooled twice, so that the distillate generated by the dry distillation is cooled as far as possible to form dry distillation liquid.)

1. The temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device is characterized by comprising a boiler (1), a boiler cover (7), a first pipeline (8), a first collecting tank (11), a second pipeline (14), a condensing tank (15), a second collecting tank (17), a smoke extractor (19) and a rack (22), wherein the rack (22) is provided with the first collecting tank (11), the condensing tank (15), the second collecting tank (17) and the smoke extractor (19), the boiler (1) is connected with the boiler cover (7) through a bolt (6), an electric furnace disc (2) for heating materials and a material basket (3) for containing the materials are arranged in the boiler (1), a thermometer (4) for measuring the temperature in the boiler (1) is fixedly arranged on the boiler wall of the boiler (1), one end of the thermometer (4) for measuring the temperature penetrates through the boiler wall of the boiler (1), and is sealed with the contact part of the boiler (1), one end of a first pipeline (8) penetrates through a furnace cover (7) to be communicated with the boiler (1), the other end of the first pipeline is communicated with a first collecting tank (11), the first pipeline (8) is sealed and fixed with the connecting part of the furnace cover (7) and the first collecting tank (11), the first collecting tank (11) is communicated with one end of a condensing tank (15) through a second pipeline (14), the second pipeline (14) is sealed and fixed with the connecting part of the first collecting tank (11) and the condensing tank (15), a first valve (13) for discharging oil is fixedly installed on the first collecting tank (11), the other end of the condensing tank (15) is communicated with a second collecting tank (17) through a third pipeline (16), the third pipeline (16) is sealed and fixed with the connecting part of the condensing tank (15) and the second collecting tank (17), and the second collecting tank (17) is communicated with a smoke extractor (19) through a fourth pipeline (18), the fourth pipeline (18) is fixedly sealed with the connecting part of the second collecting tank (17) and the smoke extractor (19), and a second valve (21) for discharging oil is arranged on the second collecting tank (17).

2. The temperature-controllable double step cooling retort apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion of the first pipe (8) and the first collection tank (11) is extended into the first collection tank (11) and bent downward by 90 °.

3. The temperature-controllable double step cooling retort apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion of the third pipe (16) and the second collection tank (17) extends into the second collection tank (17) and is bent at 90 ° around.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first liquid bottle (12) is fixedly installed between the first collection tank (11) and the first valve (13), the first liquid bottle (12) is made of transparent material, the distillate in the first collection tank (11) is discharged from the first valve (13) after passing through the first liquid bottle (12), a second liquid bottle (20) is fixedly installed between the second collection tank (17) and the second valve (21), the second liquid bottle (20) is made of transparent material, and the distillate in the second collection tank (17) is discharged from the second valve (21) after passing through the second liquid bottle (17).

5. The temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first pipeline (8) is communicated with the first collection tank (11) after passing through the radiator (9), the passing-through radiator (9) is installed on the support (22), and the upper part of the passing-through radiator is provided with the cooling fan (10) for blowing air into the radiator (9).

6. The temperature-controllable double step cooling retort apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the portion of the first pipe (8) passing through the radiator (9) is a spiral turn from top to bottom.

7. The temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device according to claim 6, wherein the wall of the boiler (1) is coated with an insulating layer (5) made of an insulating material, and the temperature gauge (4) penetrates through the insulating layer (5).

8. The temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device according to claim 7, wherein the material basket (3) is installed above the electric stove plate (2), and the shape of the material basket (3) is inverted concave.

9. The use method of the temperature-controllable double-step quenching and dry distillation device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

the material basket (3) in the boiler (1) is filled with the material, and a furnace cover (7) is covered;

the electric stove plate (2) is electrified, the temperature of the thermometer (4) is observed, the rheostat on the electrifying line of the electric stove plate (2) is adjusted to change the current passing through the electric stove plate (2) so as to change the quantity of heat generated by the electric stove plate (2) until the thermometer (4) reaches the preset temperature;

opening a cooling fan (10), a smoke exhaust machine (19), a first valve (13) and a second valve (21) on a radiator (9), radiating heat of smoke generated by dry distillation through the radiator (9) and reducing the flow rate and the temperature of the smoke after the smoke is cooled to form liquid drops, enabling the liquid drops to flow out of the first valve (13), enabling the residual distillate to pass through a condensing tank (15) and a second collecting tank (17), reducing the flow rate again, reducing the temperature again, cooling the smoke again to form dry distillation liquid, and enabling the smoke to flow out of the second valve (21);

the rheostat on the electrifying circuit of the cooling fan (10) and the smoke extractor (19) is adjusted, the size of wind power generated by the cooling fan (10) and the smoke extractor (19) is changed by changing the size of current passing through the cooling fan (10) and the smoke extractor (19), and then the cooling speed and the flow speed of the smoke are changed, so that the smoke just completely forms dry distillation liquid.

10. The method for using a temperature-controllable double-step quenching and dry distillation device as claimed in claim 9, wherein when a first oil containing bottle (12) is fixedly arranged between the first collection tank (11) and the first valve (13) and a second oil containing bottle (20) is fixedly arranged between the second collection tank (17) and the second valve (21), the first valve (13) and the second valve (21) are opened to discharge dry distillation liquid after the first oil containing bottle (12) and the second oil containing bottle (20) are filled with distillate.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of material dry distillation, and particularly relates to a temperature-controllable double-step quenching and dry distillation device and a using method thereof.

Background

The dry distillation is widely used as an important method for extracting fractions in substances at present, however, the dry distillation temperature of different materials has great difference, the control of the temperature directly influences the dry distillation effect, the control of the temperature in the dry distillation equipment at the present stage is still lack of how to set the temperature by a skilled worker or the temperature of a boiler is measured by an infrared measuring instrument, meanwhile, in the existing dry distillation equipment, the cooling of the substances generated by dry distillation into dry distillation liquid is still insufficient, and in most dry distillation equipment, the cooling into fractions is carried out once, so that the cooling effect is poor, the waste of smoke and the pollution can be caused due to incomplete cooling. Therefore, how to set the dry distillation temperature for different substances, achieve the best dry distillation effect and how to improve the cooling effect after dry distillation has become the research direction of the dry distillation equipment at the present stage.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that a better carbonization effect is obtained by changing the carbonization temperature, and the smoke generated by carbonization is cooled as much as possible by double-step cooling, and the specific scheme is as follows:

a temperature controllable type double-step cooling and dry distillation device comprises a boiler, a boiler cover, a first pipeline, a first collecting tank, a second pipeline, a condensing tank, a second collecting tank, a smoke extractor and a rack, wherein the rack is provided with the first collecting tank, the condensing tank, the second collecting tank and the smoke extractor, the boiler is connected with the boiler cover through bolts, an electric furnace disc for heating materials and a material basket for containing the materials are arranged in the boiler, a thermometer for measuring the temperature in the boiler is fixedly arranged on the boiler wall of the boiler, one end of the thermometer for measuring the temperature penetrates through the boiler wall of the boiler to be directly communicated with the boiler and is sealed with a contact part of the boiler, one end of the first pipeline penetrates through the boiler cover to be communicated with the boiler, the other end of the first pipeline is communicated with the first collecting tank, the connecting part of the first pipeline, the furnace cover and the first collecting tank are sealed and fixed, the first collecting tank is communicated with one end of the condensing tank through the second pipeline, the second pipeline is fixed with first collection tank and condensing tank junction seal, and fixed mounting has the first valve that is used for the oil extraction on the first collection tank, the condensing tank other end is collected with the second and is irritated through the third pipeline intercommunication, and the third pipeline is collected with condensing tank and second and irritates the junction seal fixed, and the second is collected irritates and is irritated and pass through the fourth pipeline intercommunication with the smoke extractor, and the fourth pipeline is collected with the second and irritates and smoke extractor junction seal fixed, and the second is collected and is irritated and install the second valve that is used for the flowing back.

Further, the connecting position of the first pipeline and the first collecting tank extends into the first collecting tank and is bent downwards by 90 degrees.

Further, the connecting part of the third pipeline and the second collecting tank extends into the second collecting tank and is bent by 90 degrees along the periphery.

Further, a first liquid containing bottle is fixedly installed between the first collecting tank and the first valve, the first liquid containing bottle is made of transparent materials, fraction liquid in the first collecting tank is discharged from the first valve after passing through the first liquid containing bottle, a second liquid containing bottle is fixedly installed between the second collecting tank and the second valve, the second liquid containing bottle is made of transparent materials, and oil in the second collecting tank is discharged from the second valve after passing through the second liquid containing bottle.

Further, the first pipeline penetrates through the radiator and then is communicated with the first collecting tank, the first pipeline penetrates through the radiator and is installed on the support, and a cooling fan used for blowing air into the radiator is installed at the upper portion of the first pipeline.

Further, the part of the first pipeline penetrating through the radiator is a spiral bent pipe from top to bottom.

Furthermore, the furnace wall of the boiler is coated with an insulating layer made of insulating materials, and the thermometer penetrates through the insulating layer.

Furthermore, the material basket is arranged above the electric stove plate, and the material basket is in an inverted concave shape.

Specifically, the invention provides a use method of a temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device, which comprises the following steps:

loading the materials into a material basket in the boiler, and covering a furnace cover;

electrifying the electric stove plate, observing the temperature of the thermometer, adjusting a rheostat on an electrifying circuit of the electric stove plate to change the current passing through the electric stove plate so as to change the amount of heat generated by the electric stove plate until the thermometer reaches a preset temperature;

opening a cooling fan, a smoke extractor, a first valve and a second valve on the radiator, enabling the flow rate of smoke generated by dry distillation to be reduced after heat dissipation of the radiator and the first collecting tank, reducing the temperature, enabling the smoke to be cooled into liquid drops, enabling the liquid drops to flow out of the first valve, enabling the flow rate of the residual smoke to be reduced again after the residual smoke passes through the condensing tank and the second collecting tank, reducing the temperature again, enabling the smoke to be cooled again into liquid drops, and enabling the liquid drops to flow out of the second valve;

the rheostat on the power-on line of the cooling fan and the smoke extractor is adjusted, the size of wind power generated by the cooling fan and the smoke extractor is changed by changing the size of current passing through the cooling fan and the smoke extractor, and then the cooling speed and the flow speed of the smoke are changed, so that the smoke just completely forms dry distillation liquid.

Further, when a first liquid containing bottle is fixedly arranged between the first collecting tank and the first valve and a second liquid containing bottle is fixedly arranged between the second collecting tank and the second valve, the first liquid containing bottle and the second liquid containing bottle are filled with distillate liquid and then the first valve and the second valve are opened to discharge the distillate liquid.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the heating mode of dry distillation adopts an electric heating mode, the temperature in the boiler can be changed by adjusting the heating current passing through an electric furnace disc, so that the optimal dry distillation temperature can be obtained for different materials, a cooling fan and a rheostat on a smoke extractor power-on circuit are adjusted, the cooling speed and the flow speed of smoke are further changed, the smoke just completely forms dry distillation liquid, and waste zero emission is realized; 2. the condensing mode adopts a double-step condensing method, the oil smoke generated in the boiler in the first step enters a first collecting tank after being radiated by a radiator, the temperature of the smoke is reduced, the volume is increased, the flow rate is reduced, and the smoke is condensed to form distillate which is discharged from a first valve; the volume of the residual smoke in the first collecting tank is increased again after the smoke flows to the condensing tank and the second collecting tank, the flow rate is reduced again, the temperature is reduced again, the smoke is condensed again to form distillate, then the distillate is discharged from the second valve, the smoke is condensed twice, the distillate is collected to a great extent, and the waste of the distillate is reduced; 3. first pipeline extends to in the first collection tank with the connecting portion position of first collection tank, and 90 degrees of downwarping, the connecting portion position of third pipeline and second collection tank extends to in the second collection tank, and along crooked 90 degrees all around, this design makes the in-process that forms the distillate at the smoked condensation, the possibility of smoked liquid by the direct axle of smoke extractor away has been avoided, and smoked cigarette in the first pipeline gets into behind the first collection tank with the inner wall contact of first collection tank can release a large amount of heats in the twinkling of an eye, the condensation forms the distillate in the twinkling of an eye, also so in smoked cigarette in the third pipeline and the second collection tank of the same reason, this design is similar to the water vapor and meets and forms the water droplet after a large amount of heats, can greatly increased the condensation of distillate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a temperature-controllable double-step cooling and dry distilling apparatus;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the boiler;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. a boiler; 2. an electric hob; 3. a material basket; 4. a thermometer; 5. a heat-insulating layer; 6. a bolt; 7. a furnace cover; 8. a first conduit; 9. a heat sink; 10. a cooling fan; 11. a first collection tank; 12. a first liquid containing bottle; 13. a first valve; 14. a second conduit; 15. a condensing tank; 16. a third pipeline; 17. a second collection tank; 18. a fourth conduit; 19. a smoke extractor; 20. a second liquid bottle; 21. a second valve; 22. and a frame.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the temperature controllable double-step cooling and dry distillation device comprises a boiler 1, a boiler cover 7, a first pipeline 8, a first collecting tank 11, a second pipeline 14, a condensing tank 15, a second collecting tank 17, a smoke extractor 19 and a rack 22, wherein the rack 22 is provided with the first collecting tank 11, the second collecting tank 15 and the smoke extractor 19, the boiler 1 is connected with the boiler cover 7 through a bolt 6, an electric furnace disc 2 used for heating materials and a material basket 3 used for containing the materials are arranged in the boiler 1, the material basket 3 is arranged above the electric furnace disc 2, and the material basket 3 is in an inverted concave shape. According to the relation formula of heat and current: q ═ I²Rt (Q is heat, I is current, R is resistance, t is time), it can be known that the amount of heat generated can be changed by adjusting a rheostat on a circuit of the electric stove plate 2, the relationship Q of heat and temperature is cm Δ t, (Q is heat absorbed by material, C is specific heat capacity of material, m is mass of object, Δ t is change of temperature), under the condition that specific heat capacity C and mass m are fixed, the more temperature Q absorbed by material is, the faster the temperature change is, the lower the temperature Q absorbed by material is, the slower the temperature change is, therefore, the current passing through the electric stove plate 2 can be increased and decreased to change the temperature of material, the electric stove plate 2 can generate the highest heat by adjusting the rheostatThe temperature can reach 800 ℃, and secondly, the contact area between the material and the material basket 3 can be increased by the material basket 3 with the inverted concave shape, so that the temperature of the material can be quickly raised in a short time.

The boiler 1 is characterized in that a thermometer 4 for measuring the temperature in the boiler 1 is fixedly installed on the wall of the boiler 1, one end of the thermometer 4 for measuring the temperature penetrates through the wall of the boiler 1 to be directly communicated into the boiler and is sealed with the contact part of the boiler 1, the wall of the boiler 1 is coated with a heat insulation layer 5 made of heat insulation materials, the thermometer 4 penetrates through the heat insulation layer 5, and the heat insulation materials are rock wool boards, glass wool, expanded polystyrene boards, hard polyurethane boards, high temperature resistant 310S and other materials.

One end of a first pipeline 8 penetrates through the furnace cover 7 to be communicated with the boiler 1, the other end of the first pipeline is communicated with a first collecting tank 11, the first pipeline 8 is fixedly sealed with the connecting part of the furnace cover 7 and the first collecting tank 11, the first collecting tank 11 is communicated with one end of a condensing tank 15 through a second pipeline 14, the second pipeline 14 is fixedly sealed with the connecting part of the first collecting tank 11 and the condensing tank 15, a first valve 13 used for discharging oil is fixedly installed on the first collecting tank 11, the other end of the condensing tank 15 is communicated with a second collecting tank 17 through a third pipeline 16, the third pipeline 16 is fixedly sealed with the connecting part of the condensing tank 15 and the second collecting tank 17, the second collecting tank 17 is communicated with a smoke extractor 19 through a fourth pipeline 18, the fourth pipeline 18 is fixedly sealed with the connecting part of the second collecting tank 17 and the smoke extractor 19, and a second valve 21 used for discharging liquid is installed on the second collecting tank 17.

The connecting part of the first pipeline 8 and the first collecting tank 11 extends into the first collecting tank 11 and bends downwards by 90 degrees, and the connecting part of the third pipeline 16 and the second collecting tank 17 extends into the second collecting tank 17 and bends around by 90 degrees. The connecting part of the first pipeline 8 and the first collecting tank 11 extends into the first collecting tank 11 and is bent downwards by 90 degrees, the connecting part of the third pipeline 16 and the second collecting tank 17 extends into the second collecting tank 17 and is bent around by 90 degrees, the design prevents the possibility that the distillate is directly axially moved by a smoke extractor in the process of forming the distillate by smoke condensation, and the smoke in the first pipeline 8 can release a large amount of heat instantly when contacting with the inner wall of the first collecting tank 11 after entering the first collecting tank 11, and the instant condensation forms the distillate.

The first pipeline 8 penetrates through the radiator 9 and then is communicated with the first collecting tank 11, penetrates through the radiator 9 and is installed on the support 22, the upper portion of the first pipeline is provided with a cooling fan 10 used for blowing air into the radiator 9, and the portion, penetrating through the radiator 9, of the first pipeline 8 is a spiral bent pipe from top to bottom. A double-step condensation method is adopted on the condensation mode, smoke generated in the boiler 1 in the first step enters the first collection tank 11 after being radiated by the radiator 9, the temperature of the smoke is reduced, the volume is increased, the flow rate is reduced, and the smoke is condensed to form distillate which is discharged from the first valve; and secondly, the volume of the residual oil smoke in the first collecting tank 11 is increased again after the oil smoke flows to the condensing tank 15 and the second collecting tank 17, the flow rate is reduced again, the temperature is reduced again, the oil smoke is condensed again to form distillate, the distillate is discharged from the second valve, the smoke is condensed twice, the distillate is collected to a great extent, and the waste of the distillate is reduced.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a first liquid bottle 12 is fixedly installed between the first collection tank 11 and the first valve 13, the first oil bottle 12 is made of a transparent material, the distillate in the first collection tank 11 is discharged from the first valve 13 after passing through the first liquid bottle 12, a second liquid bottle 20 is fixedly installed between the second collection tank 17 and the second valve 21, the second liquid bottle 20 is made of a transparent material, and the distillate in the second collection tank 17 is discharged from the second valve 21 after passing through the second liquid bottle 17, wherein the transparent material may be a material such as transparent plastic or transparent glass.

The use method of the temperature-controllable double-step quenching and dry distillation device comprises the following steps:

the materials are put into a material basket 3 in a boiler 1, and a furnace cover 7 is covered;

electrifying the electric stove plate 2, observing the temperature of the thermometer 4, adjusting a rheostat on an electrifying line of the electric stove plate 2 to change the current passing through the electric stove plate 2 so as to change the amount of heat generated by the electric stove plate 2 until the thermometer 4 reaches the preset temperature;

opening a cooling fan 10, a smoke extractor 19, a first valve 13 and a second valve 21 on a radiator 9, radiating heat of the smoke generated by dry distillation through the radiator 9 and a first collecting tank 11, reducing the flow rate and the temperature, cooling the smoke to form liquid drops, enabling the liquid drops to flow out from the first valve 13, enabling the residual smoke to pass through a condensing tank 15 and a second collecting tank 17, reducing the flow rate again, reducing the temperature again, cooling the smoke again to form liquid drops, and enabling the smoke to flow out from the second valve 21;

the rheostat on the electrifying line of the cooling fan 10 and the smoke extractor 19 is adjusted, the wind power generated by the cooling fan 10 and the smoke extractor 19 is changed by changing the current passing through the cooling fan 10 and the smoke extractor 19, and the cooling speed and the flow speed of the smoke are further changed, so that the smoke just completely forms dry distillation liquid.

When the first liquid containing bottle 12 is fixedly arranged between the first collecting tank 11 and the first valve 13 and the second liquid containing bottle 20 is fixedly arranged between the second collecting tank 17 and the second valve 21, the first valve 13 and the second valve 21 are opened to discharge the distillate after the first liquid containing bottle 12 and the second liquid containing bottle 20 are filled with the distillate.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.