阅读说明：本技术 一种易回收的流化减阻拔桩的施工方法 (Construction method of easy-to-recover fluidization resistance-reducing pile pulling ) 是由 王华昆 王东东 高婧 陈志为 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种易回收的流化减阻拔桩的施工方法,包括如下步骤：1)拔桩时,先移动卸桩船使钢桩顶部进入船尾凹槽：2)开启液压缸8,使可活动张紧器和固定张紧器抱紧钢桩；3)打开高压水泵,通过高压管往钢桩内注水,在水压作用下,流体将经射流道高速喷出；流体喷出后使得钢桩和土体界面的土壤流态化,使得钢桩周围小范围土体松动,并从海床顶部冒出；4)流化10～20秒后,开启活动张紧器和固定张紧器的转动开关,随着张紧器转动,钢桩快速出土；5)待钢桩完全出土,通过吊臂末端的抓手抓紧钢桩,然后卸去可活动张紧器和固定张紧器的张紧力,将钢桩卸放至船体甲板上,完成拔桩过程。(The invention provides a construction method of a fluidization drag reduction pile pulling easy to recover, which comprises the following steps: 1) when the pile is pulled out, the pile unloading boat is moved firstly to enable the top of the steel pile to enter the stern groove: 2) opening the hydraulic cylinder 8 to enable the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner to hold the steel pile tightly; 3) opening a high-pressure water pump, injecting water into the steel pile through a high-pressure pipe, and spraying fluid at a high speed through a jet flow channel under the action of water pressure; after the fluid is sprayed out, the soil at the interface of the steel pile and the soil body is fluidized, so that the soil body in a small range around the steel pile is loosened and is ejected out from the top of the seabed; 4) after fluidizing for 10-20 seconds, turning on a rotary switch of the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner, and enabling the steel pile to be subjected to fast soil removal along with the rotation of the tensioners; 5) and after the steel pile is completely unearthed, grasping the steel pile by a gripper at the tail end of the suspension arm, unloading the tensioning force of the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner, unloading the steel pile onto a deck of the ship body, and finishing the pile pulling process.)

1. A construction method of an easily-recycled fluidization drag reduction pile pulling is characterized by comprising the following steps: disassembling and assembling the system and the steel piles;

the unloading system comprises: the pile unloading device comprises a pile unloading ship, a hanging bracket, a suspension arm, a gripper, a movable tensioner, a hydraulic cylinder, a reaction frame, a fixed tensioner support and a fixed tensioner;

the lifting frame is fixedly arranged on a deck at the top of the pile unloading ship, and the lifting arm is arranged at the top of the lifting frame; the gripper is arranged at the tail end of the suspension arm and used for assisting the unloading of the steel pile; the stern is provided with 2 pairs of tensioners comprising a movable tensioner and a fixed tensioner; the movable tensioner is arranged on a reaction frame through a hydraulic cylinder, and the reaction frame is fixedly arranged on a deck of the pile unloading ship;

the hydraulic cylinder translates along the horizontal direction to apply different tension forces to the steel pile; the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner rotate around the shaft to drive the steel pile to lift; the fixed tensioner is fixedly arranged on the deck through a fixed tensioner support;

the steel pile is in a semi-closed type, and a sealing plate is welded at the top of the steel pile; a fluid inlet connector is reserved on the sealing plate; a fluid jet channel is formed in the pipe wall of the bottom of the steel pile penetrating into the seabed and used for discharging internal fluid; the water outlet of the high-pressure pump is communicated with the fluid inlet connector through a high-pressure pipe; seawater sucked by the high-pressure pump enters the novel semi-closed steel pile through the high-pressure pipe through the fluid inlet connector and is then discharged from the fluid injection flow channel.

The construction method comprises the following steps:

1) when the pile is pulled out, the pile unloading boat is moved firstly to enable the top of the steel pile to enter the stern groove:

2) opening the hydraulic cylinder 8 to enable the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner to hold the steel pile tightly;

3) opening a high-pressure water pump, injecting water into the steel pile through a high-pressure pipe, and spraying fluid at a high speed through a jet flow channel under the action of water pressure; after the fluid is sprayed out, the soil at the interface of the steel pile and the soil body is fluidized, so that the soil body in a small range around the steel pile is loosened and is ejected out from the top of the seabed;

4) after fluidizing for 10-20 seconds, turning on a rotary switch of the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner, and enabling the steel pile to be subjected to fast soil removal along with the rotation of the tensioners;

5) and after the steel pile is completely unearthed, grasping the steel pile by a gripper at the tail end of the suspension arm, unloading the tensioning force of the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner, unloading the steel pile onto a deck of the ship body, and finishing the pile pulling process.

2. The construction method of the easy-to-recycle fluidization drag reduction pile pulling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and resistance-increasing round nails are welded outside the steel piles.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a novel pile foundation and pile pulling device for ocean engineering (comprising a cross-sea bridge, an ocean jacket, an ocean platform and the like).

Background

During the construction of marine structures (including cross-sea bridges, marine jackets, marine platforms, etc.), the structure itself and building aids are mostly piled to resist the ocean storm loads and avoid settlement. According to legal requirements, the marine structure needs to be dismantled after reaching the service life. Use the sea bridge of striding as an example, mostly need build the landing stage, these landing stages need pile equally, owing to use the pile foundation in a large number, and the used repeatedly need be retrieved in the construction end to reduce cost. The recovery period and the recovery rate of the steel piles have great influence on project cost control, and due to the influence of marine environment, the steel piles in practical engineering are difficult to recover, large-scale pile hoisting and pulling equipment or a cutting device is often required to be used, the recovery period is long, and the construction cost is greatly increased. For a fixed platform steel pipe pile, a part which is not less than 4.0m below a seabed mud surface needs to be cut, the commonly adopted technologies such as diamond wire saw cutting, abrasive high-pressure water jet cutting, hydraulic rotary internal cutter rotary cutting or other vibration removal technologies are high in cost, and the direct cost generated by cutting one pile is as high as 30-50 ten thousand yuan (such as CN113047286A 'a pile pulling device and pile pulling construction method', CN109403296A 'a pressure fluid jacking type pile pulling technology', CN112832240A 'pile pulling equipment for hydraulic engineering', CN112982409A 'a pile pulling machine for hydraulic engineering', CN112459063A 'a pile pulling device for hydraulic engineering' and the like).

The traditional pile pulling method has many limitations:

1. the equipment is required to have great grabbing and lifting capacity;

2. a large-scale vibration device needs to be equipped;

3. high-pressure water jet is required to be realized;

4. sometimes it is necessary for a frogman to dive with assistance.

Therefore, in order to reduce the dependency on large-scale equipment and shorten the construction period, a new pile pulling method is required.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing pile pulling method and device, and provides a pile pulling device suitable for the field of ocean engineering, which is used for quickly pulling and recovering a pile foundation of an offshore structure.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a construction method of an easily-recycled fluidization drag reduction pile pulling comprises the following steps: disassembling and assembling the system and the steel piles;

the unloading system comprises: the pile unloading device comprises a pile unloading ship, a hanging bracket, a suspension arm, a gripper, a movable tensioner, a hydraulic cylinder, a reaction frame, a fixed tensioner support and a fixed tensioner;

the lifting frame is fixedly arranged on a deck at the top of the pile unloading ship, and the lifting arm is arranged at the top of the lifting frame; the gripper is arranged at the tail end of the suspension arm and used for assisting the unloading of the steel pile; the stern is provided with 2 pairs of tensioners comprising a movable tensioner and a fixed tensioner; the movable tensioner is arranged on a reaction frame through a hydraulic cylinder, and the reaction frame is fixedly arranged on a deck of the pile unloading ship;

the hydraulic cylinder translates along the horizontal direction to apply different tension forces to the steel pile; the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner rotate around the shaft to drive the steel pile to lift; the fixed tensioner is fixedly arranged on the deck through a fixed tensioner support;

the steel pile is in a semi-closed type, and a sealing plate is welded at the top of the steel pile; a fluid inlet connector is reserved on the sealing plate; a fluid jet channel is formed in the pipe wall of the bottom of the steel pile penetrating into the seabed and used for discharging internal fluid; the water outlet of the high-pressure pump is communicated with the fluid inlet connector through a high-pressure pipe; seawater sucked by the high-pressure pump enters the novel semi-closed steel pile through the high-pressure pipe through the fluid inlet connector and is then discharged from the fluid injection flow channel.

The construction method comprises the following steps:

1) when the pile is pulled out, the pile unloading boat is moved firstly to enable the top of the steel pile to enter the stern groove:

2) opening the hydraulic cylinder 8 to enable the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner to hold the steel pile tightly;

3) opening a high-pressure water pump, injecting water into the steel pile through a high-pressure pipe, and spraying fluid at a high speed through a jet flow channel under the action of water pressure; after the fluid is sprayed out, the soil at the interface of the steel pile and the soil body is fluidized, so that the soil body in a small range around the steel pile is loosened and is ejected out from the top of the seabed;

4) after fluidizing for 10-20 seconds, turning on a rotary switch of the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner, and enabling the steel pile to be subjected to fast soil removal along with the rotation of the tensioners;

5) and after the steel pile is completely unearthed, grasping the steel pile by a gripper at the tail end of the suspension arm, unloading the tensioning force of the movable tensioner and the fixed tensioner, unloading the steel pile onto a deck of the ship body, and finishing the pile pulling process.

In a preferred embodiment: and resistance-increasing round nails are welded outside the steel piles.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention provides an easily-recycled fluidization drag reduction pile pulling device, which designs a novel steel pile, adopts a fluidization technology to reduce the friction force of pile soil, and does not need a traditional high-power hydraulic pile pulling device;

2. the invention provides an easily-recycled fluidized resistance-reducing pile pulling device, which adopts a novel recycling device to quickly pull a pile;

3. the invention provides an easily-recycled fluidization drag reduction pile pulling device, and a steel pile can be rapidly recycled and reused.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a pile pulling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a pile pulling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tensioner in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fluidized pile pulling apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

the reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1-pile unloading ship; 2, hanging a frame; 3, hanging a boom; 4, grasping by a hand; 5-high pressure pipe; 6-fluid inlet connection; 7-a movable tensioner; 8, a hydraulic cylinder; 9-reaction frame; 10-novel semi-closed steel pile; 11-resistance-increasing round nail; 12-a fluid ejection channel; 13-the sea bed; 14-a fixed tensioner mount; 15-fixed tensioner; 16-high pressure pump.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like, are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a wall-mounted connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention specifically.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the embodiment provides an easily-recycled fluidized drag-reduction pile-pulling device, which specifically comprises the following components:

pile unloading ship 1; a hanging bracket 2; a boom 3; a hand grip 4; a high-pressure pipe 5; a fluid inlet connector 6; a movable tensioner 7; a hydraulic cylinder 8; a reaction frame 9; a novel semi-closed steel pile 10; resistance-increasing round nails 11; a fluid ejection channel 12; a seabed 13; a fixed tensioner mount 14; a fixed tensioner 15; a high pressure pump 16.

A hanging bracket 2 of the pile pulling system is fixedly arranged on a deck at the top of a water surface auxiliary pile discharging ship 1, a suspension arm 3 is arranged at the top of the hanging bracket 2, and a small-tonnage gripper 4 is arranged at the tail end of the suspension arm 3 and used for assisting the discharge of a steel pile. The stern is provided with 2 pairs of tensioners comprising a movable tensioner 7 and a fixed tensioner 15, the movable tensioner 7 is arranged on a reaction frame 9 through a hydraulic cylinder, the reaction frame is fixedly arranged on a deck of the pile discharging ship 1, and the hydraulic cylinder can translate along the horizontal direction, so that different tension forces are applied to the steel pile. And the movable tensioner 7 and the fixed tensioner 15 can rotate around the shaft, so that the steel pile is lifted. The fixed tensioner 15 is fixedly mounted on the deck by means of the abutment 8.

Novel semi-enclosed piling bar 10 is different in that with traditional piling bar: the novel steel pile is semi-closed, a sealing plate is welded at the top of the novel steel pile, a fluid inlet connector 6 is reserved on the sealing plate, a fluid jet flow channel 12 is formed in the pipe wall penetrating into a seabed 13 at the bottom of the steel pile, the fluid jet flow channel is used for discharging internal fluid, and the high-speed discharged fluid enables soil of a pile soil contact interface to be fluidized, so that the friction force borne by the steel pile is greatly reduced. Seawater sucked by the high-pressure pump 16 enters the novel semi-closed steel pile 10 through the high-pressure pipe 5 through the fluid inlet connector 6 and then is discharged from the fluid jet channel 12. Resistance-increasing round nails 11 are welded outside the novel semi-closed steel pile 10 and are used for increasing the friction force between the pile and soil, and in the pile pulling process, because the soil is fluidized, the round nails cannot generate extra resistance, but can effectively increase the friction resistance in the pile driving use process.

After short-time jet flow, the soil body at the pile-soil interface is loosened and is in a fluidized state, at the moment, the rotating switches of the tensioners 7 and 15 are turned on, and the steel pile can be rapidly excavated along with the rotation of the tensioners 7 and 15. Because the friction force is extremely small at this time, the tensioners 7 and 15 only need to overcome the load slightly larger than the self weight of the steel pile, and the required power is extremely small. After the steel pile 10 is completely unearthed, the steel pile can be quickly hoisted to a pile unloading ship through the hand grab 4.

The invention also provides a construction method of the easily-recycled fluidization drag reduction pile pulling device, which comprises the following steps:

1) when the pile is pulled out, the water surface auxiliary pile unloading boat 1 is moved firstly to enable the top of the steel pile to enter the stern groove:

2) then, the hydraulic cylinder 8 is started, so that the movable tensioner 7 and the fixed tensioner 15 tightly hold the steel pile 10;

3) and (3) opening the high-pressure water pump 16, injecting water into the novel semi-closed steel pile 10 through the high-pressure pipe 5, and spraying the fluid at a high speed through the jet flow channel 12 under the action of water pressure. After the fluid is sprayed out, the soil at the interface of the steel pile and the soil body is fluidized, so that the soil body in a small range around the steel pile is loosened and emerges from the top of the seabed 13;

4) after fluidizing for 10-20 seconds, turning on a rotating switch of the movable tensioner 7 and the fixed tensioner 15, and as the movable tensioner 7 and the fixed tensioner 15 clamp the steel pile, the steel pile is quickly unearthed along with the rotation of the movable tensioner 7 and the fixed tensioner 15;

5) and after the steel pile is completely unearthed, grasping the steel pile by a gripper 4 at the tail end of the suspension arm 3, then removing the tension force of the movable tensioner 7 and the fixed tensioner 15, and then discharging the steel pile onto a ship body deck to finish the pile pulling process.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can make insubstantial changes in the technical scope of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention, and the actions infringe the protection scope of the present invention are included in the present invention.