阅读说明：本技术 一种主动控制油膜间隙的可倾瓦轴承 (Tilting pad bearing capable of actively controlling oil film gap ) 是由 张永涛 史伟杰 胡宇超 武路鹏 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种主动控制油膜间隙的可倾瓦轴承,所述轴承包括本体、柔性铰链轴瓦、柔性铰链推杆、推力半球、压电陶瓷驱动器、螺栓和盖板；所述柔性铰链轴瓦包含轴瓦和柔性铰链机构A；所述柔性铰链推杆包含推杆机构和柔性铰链机构B；沿本体内圆柱面圆周方向开有至少三个轴瓦腔,每个轴瓦腔内进一步开有铰链腔A和铰链腔B；轴瓦腔内放置轴瓦,铰链腔A内放置柔性铰链机构A,铰链腔B内放置柔性铰链机构B；本体内进一步开有与每个铰链腔A和铰链腔B相通的圆柱腔,放置压电陶瓷驱动器；通过控制压电陶瓷驱动器带动所述柔性铰链机构A和柔性铰链机构B沿径向运动,进而控制轴瓦的径向位移和摆角,可以实现对油膜间隙的主动控制。(The invention discloses a tilting pad bearing for actively controlling oil film clearance, which comprises a body, a flexible hinge bearing pad, a flexible hinge push rod, a thrust hemisphere, a piezoelectric ceramic driver, a bolt and a cover plate, wherein the flexible hinge push rod is arranged on the body; the flexible hinge bearing bush comprises a bearing bush and a flexible hinge mechanism A; the flexible hinge push rod comprises a push rod mechanism and a flexible hinge mechanism B; at least three bearing bush cavities are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner cylindrical surface of the body, and each bearing bush cavity is further provided with a hinge cavity A and a hinge cavity B; a bearing bush is placed in the bearing bush cavity, a flexible hinge mechanism A is placed in the hinge cavity A, and a flexible hinge mechanism B is placed in the hinge cavity B; a cylindrical cavity communicated with each hinge cavity A and each hinge cavity B is further formed in the body, and a piezoelectric ceramic driver is placed in the cylindrical cavities; the flexible hinge mechanism A and the flexible hinge mechanism B are driven to move along the radial direction by controlling the piezoelectric ceramic driver, so that the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush are controlled, and the active control on the oil film clearance can be realized.)

1. A tilting pad bearing capable of actively controlling oil film clearance comprises a bearing (1) and is characterized by further comprising a journal (2) matched with the bearing (1), wherein the bearing (1) comprises a body (11), a flexible hinge bearing bush (12), a flexible hinge push rod (13), a thrust hemisphere (14), a piezoelectric ceramic driver (15), a bolt (16) and a cover plate (17);

the flexible hinge bearing shell (12) comprises a bearing shell (121) and a flexible hinge mechanism A (122); the flexible hinge push rod (13) comprises a push rod mechanism (131) and a flexible hinge mechanism B (132);

the bearing bush structure is characterized in that the body (11) is cylindrical, at least three bearing bush cavities (111) are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner cylindrical surface of the body (11), a hinge cavity A (112) and a hinge cavity B (113) are further formed in each bearing bush cavity (111), and the hinge cavity A (112) and the hinge cavity B (113) are respectively communicated with the bearing bush cavities (111) through a through groove A (116) and a through groove B (117);

the bearing bush (121) is placed in the bearing bush cavity (111), the flexible hinge mechanism A (122) is placed in the hinge cavity A (112), the flexible hinge mechanism B (132) is placed in the hinge cavity B (113), and the push rod mechanism (131) abuts against the back surface (128) of the bearing bush (121);

the body (11) is further internally provided with cylindrical cavities (114) which are communicated with each hinge cavity A (112) and each hinge cavity B (113) and are uniformly arranged, and the piezoelectric ceramic drivers (15) are arranged in the cylindrical cavities (114); the piezoelectric ceramic driver (15) is connected with the flexible hinge mechanism A (122) and the flexible hinge mechanism B (132) through the arrangement of the thrust hemisphere (14);

an oil film gap (18) is arranged between the bearing bush (121) and the journal (2); the flexible hinge mechanism A (122) and the flexible hinge mechanism B (132) are driven to move along the radial direction by controlling the extension or the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver (15), so that the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush (121) are controlled, and the active control on the oil film gap (18) can be realized.

2. A tilting pad bearing with active control of oil film gap according to claim 1 characterized by that the flexible hinge mechanism a (122) comprises a moving platform a (123), a flexible hinge a (125), a flexible hinge B (126), a flexible hinge C (127) and two fixed ends a (124); the two fixed ends A (124) are used for fixing the flexible hinge mechanism A (122) in the hinge cavity A (112), the moving platform A (123) is connected with the two fixed ends A (124) through the flexible hinge A (125) and the flexible hinge B (126), the deformation rigidity of the flexible hinge is extremely low, and the moving platform A (123) can generate radial movement around the flexible hinge A (125) and the flexible hinge B (126) under the pushing of the pushing hemisphere (14); the flexible hinge C (127) is used for connecting the movable platform A (123) with the bearing bush (121); the bearing bush (121) can rotate around a flexible hinge C (127); the moving platform A (123) of the flexible hinge mechanism A (122) is driven to move along the radial direction by the extension or the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver (15), so that the function of controlling the radial displacement of the bearing bush (121) is realized.

3. A tilting pad bearing with active control of oil film gap according to claim 1 characterized by that said flexible hinge mechanism B (132) comprises a moving platform B (133), a flexible hinge D (135), a flexible hinge E (136) and two fixed ends B (134); the two fixed ends B (134) are used for fixing the flexible hinge mechanism B (132) in the hinge cavity B (113), the moving platform B (133) is connected with the two fixed ends B (134) through a flexible hinge D (125) and a flexible hinge E (126), and the moving platform B (133) can generate radial movement around the flexible hinge D (125) and the flexible hinge E (126) under the pushing of the pushing hemisphere (14).

4. A tilting pad bearing with active control of oil film gap according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said push rod mechanism (131) comprises a push rod (137) and a circular arc surface (138), the push rod (137) is connected with said moving platform B (133), the circular arc surface (138) is placed on the top end of the push rod (137); after assembly, the arc surface (138) is pressed against the back surface (128) of the bearing bush; the moving platform B (133) of the flexible hinge mechanism B (132) is driven to move along the radial direction by the extension or the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver (15), and then the push rod (137) is driven to move along the radial direction, so that the effect of controlling the swing angle of the bearing bush (121) around the flexible hinge C (127) is realized.

5. A tilting pad bearing with active control of oil film gap according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (11) is provided with radial threaded holes a (115) on the outer cylindrical surface corresponding to the cylindrical cavity (114), the threaded holes a (115) are provided with the bolts (16), and the piezoceramic driver (15) can be replaced by removing the bolts (16).

6. A tilting pad bearing with active control of oil film clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of oil inlet channels (118) are radially arranged in the body (11) between two adjacent pad cavities (111); a plurality of oil inlets (119) are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the body (11) at positions corresponding to the oil inlet channel (118).

7. A tilting pad bearing with active oil film clearance control according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of threaded holes B (1110) are provided on the end face of the body (11), a plurality of threaded holes C (171) are provided on the cover plate (17), and two cover plates (17) are respectively mounted on the two end faces of the body (11) through the threaded holes B (1110) and the threaded holes C (171).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid dynamic pressure bearings, in particular to a tilting pad bearing capable of actively controlling oil film gaps.

Background

The bearing bush of the tilting-pad bearing is generally composed of 3-5 shoe blocks, and the shoe blocks are arc-shaped and can freely swing along with the changes of rotating speed, load and bearing oil temperature, so that the shoe blocks are automatically adjusted to the optimal position for forming an oil wedge. The oil film pressure of each pad on the journal is always led to the center of the journal, and a force source causing the journal to whirl is eliminated, so that the better stability of the bearing is ensured. In addition, the tilting pad bearing has the advantages of large bearing capacity, low friction power consumption, allowance of radial load in all directions and the like. Can be used for various working conditions with different requirements and has wide application prospect.

In a traditional tilting pad bearing, after an oil film gap is established between a bearing bush and a journal, the bearing bush automatically rotates for a certain angle according to the real-time working condition, so that the dynamic balance between a bearing bush corner and the journal is achieved through oil film pressure. However, the thickness of the oil film passively changes according to the load change, and the tilting pad bearing is in a passive working state, so that the tilting pad bearing cannot be guaranteed to be kept in an optimal working state. The invention actively controls the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush through the piezoelectric ceramic driver, namely actively controls the oil film gap, and realizes the active control of the dynamic pressure of the oil film between the bearing bush and the journal, thereby ensuring that the tilting pad bearing is kept in the optimal working state, and being applied to the occasions of improving the rotation precision of the journal, inhibiting the vibration of the journal, actively controlling the axle center track and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a tilting pad bearing capable of actively controlling an oil film gap, which is applied to occasions of improving the rotation precision of a shaft neck, inhibiting the vibration of the shaft neck, actively controlling the track of an axis and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the tilting pad bearing capable of actively controlling the oil film clearance comprises a bearing and a journal matched with the bearing, wherein the bearing comprises a body, a flexible hinge bearing bush, a flexible hinge push rod, a thrust hemisphere, a piezoelectric ceramic driver, a bolt and a cover plate. The flexible hinge bearing bush comprises a bearing bush and a flexible hinge mechanism A; the flexible hinge push rod comprises a push rod mechanism and a flexible hinge mechanism B; the body is cylindrical, at least three bearing bush cavities are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner cylindrical surface of the body, a hinge cavity A and a hinge cavity B are further formed in each bearing bush cavity, and the hinge cavity A and the hinge cavity B are respectively communicated with the bearing bush cavities through a through groove A and a through groove B; the bearing bush is placed in the bearing bush cavity, the flexible hinge mechanism A is placed in the hinge cavity A, the flexible hinge mechanism B is placed in the hinge cavity B, and the push rod mechanism abuts against the back face of the bearing bush; the body is further provided with cylindrical cavities which are communicated with the hinge cavities A and B and are uniformly arranged, and the piezoelectric ceramic drivers are arranged in the cylindrical cavities; the piezoelectric ceramic driver is connected with the flexible hinge mechanism A and the flexible hinge mechanism B through a thrust hemisphere; an oil film gap is formed between the bearing bush and the journal; the flexible hinge mechanism A and the flexible hinge mechanism B are driven to move along the radial direction by controlling the extension or the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver, so that the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush are controlled, and the active control of the oil film gap can be realized.

Further, the flexible hinge mechanism A comprises a mobile platform A, a flexible hinge B, a flexible hinge C and two fixed ends A; the two fixed ends A are used for fixing the flexible hinge mechanism A in the hinge cavity A, the moving platform A is connected with the two fixed ends A through the flexible hinge A and the flexible hinge B, the deformation rigidity of the flexible hinge is extremely low, and the moving platform A can move radially around the flexible hinge A and the flexible hinge B under the pushing of the thrust hemisphere; the flexible hinge C is used for connecting the moving platform A and the bearing bush; the bearing bush can rotate around the flexible hinge C; the piezoelectric ceramic driver is extended or shortened to drive the moving platform A of the flexible hinge mechanism A to move along the radial direction, so that the effect of controlling the radial displacement of the bearing bush is realized.

Further, the flexible hinge mechanism B comprises a mobile platform B, a flexible hinge D, a flexible hinge E and two fixed ends B; wherein, two stiff ends B are used for being fixed in flexible hinge mechanism B in the hinge chamber B, be connected through flexible hinge D and flexible hinge E between moving platform B and two stiff ends B, the deformation rigidity of flexible hinge is extremely low, and moving platform B is in can produce the radial movement around flexible hinge D and flexible hinge E under the promotion of thrust hemisphere.

Further, the push rod mechanism comprises a push rod and an arc surface, the push rod is connected with the moving platform B, and the arc surface is arranged at the top end of the push rod; after assembly, the arc surface props against the back surface of the bearing bush; the moving platform B of the flexible hinge mechanism B is driven to move along the radial direction by the extension or the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver, and then the push rod is driven to move along the radial direction, so that the effect of controlling the swing angle of the bearing bush around the flexible hinge C is realized.

Furthermore, a radial threaded hole A is formed in the position, corresponding to the cylindrical cavity, of the outer cylindrical surface of the body, the bolt is arranged in the threaded hole A, and the piezoelectric ceramic driver can be replaced by detaching the bolt.

Furthermore, a plurality of oil inlet channels are radially arranged between two adjacent bearing bush cavities in the body; and a plurality of oil inlets are arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the body at positions corresponding to the oil inlet channel.

Furthermore, a plurality of threaded holes B are formed in the end face of the body, a plurality of threaded holes C are formed in the cover plate, and the two cover plates are respectively installed on the two end faces of the body through the threaded holes B and the threaded holes C.

In a traditional tilting pad bearing, after an oil film gap is established between a bearing bush and a journal, the bearing bush automatically rotates for a certain angle according to the real-time working condition, so that the dynamic balance between a bearing bush corner and the journal is achieved through oil film pressure. However, the thickness of the oil film passively changes according to the variation of the load, and the tilting pad bearing is in a passive working state, so that the tilting pad bearing cannot be guaranteed to be kept in an optimal working state. The tilting pad bearing for actively controlling the oil film gap manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the extension and the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver act on a thrust hemisphere to push the flexible hinge mechanism to move radially, further drive the bearing bush to move radially and swing, and realize the active control of the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush, namely the active control of an oil film gap is realized, and the magnitude of the dynamic pressure of an oil film in the rotation process of the journal can be controlled. At the position where the oil film clearance is reduced, the dynamic pressure of the oil film is increased, and the local supporting force on the journal is increased; at the position where the oil film clearance increases, the dynamic pressure of the oil film decreases, and the local supporting force for the journal decreases. The cooperative matching of the plurality of flexible hinge bearing bushes can realize the control of pressure, rigidity and damping on the journal, and the method is applied to occasions such as maintaining the optimal working state of the tilting pad bearing, improving the rotation precision of the journal, inhibiting the vibration of the journal, actively controlling the axle center track and the like. In addition, through the arrangement of the flexible hinge, the characteristics of no mechanical friction, no clearance and high motion sensitivity of the flexible hinge are utilized, and the sensitivity of actively controlling the oil film clearance can be further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an actively controlled oil film gap tilting pad bearing of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of an actively controlled oil film clearance tilting pad bearing of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an axial view of the body of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the body of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a compliant hinge bearing shell of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the flexible hinge push rod of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the end cap of the present invention.

In the above-described figures, the first and second,

1. a bearing;

11. a body; 111. a bearing bush cavity; 112. a hinge cavity A; 113. a hinge cavity B; 114. a cylindrical cavity; 115. a threaded hole A; 116. a through groove A; 117. a through groove B; an oil inlet passage 118; 119. an oil inlet; 1110. a threaded hole B;

12. a flexible hinge bearing pad; 121. bearing bushes; 122. a flexible hinge mechanism A; 123. a mobile platform A; 124. a fixed end A; 125. a flexible hinge A; 126. a flexible hinge B; 127. a flexible hinge C; a bearing shell back 128;

13. a flexible hinge push rod; 131. a push rod mechanism; 132. a flexible hinge mechanism B; 133. a mobile platform B; 134. a fixed end B; 135. a flexible hinge D; 136. a flexible hinge E; 137. a push rod; 138. a circular arc surface;

14. a thrust hemisphere; 15. a piezoelectric ceramic driver; 16. a bolt;

17. a cover plate; 171. a threaded hole C; 18. oil film clearance;

2. and (3) a shaft neck.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments is as follows:

a tilting pad bearing for actively controlling oil film clearance is disclosed in fig. 1 to 7, and comprises a bearing 1 and a journal 2 matched with the bearing 1, wherein the bearing 1 comprises a body 11, a flexible hinge bearing pad 12, a flexible hinge push rod 13, a thrust hemisphere 14, a piezoelectric ceramic driver 15, a bolt 16 and a cover plate 17. The flexible hinge bearing shell 12 comprises a bearing shell 121 and a flexible hinge mechanism A122; the flexible hinge pushrod 13 comprises a pushrod mechanism 131 and a flexible hinge mechanism B132; the body 11 is cylindrical, 3 bearing bush cavities 111 are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner cylindrical surface of the body 11, a hinge cavity A112 and a hinge cavity B113 are further formed in each bearing bush cavity 111, and the hinge cavity A112 and the hinge cavity B113 are respectively communicated with the bearing bush cavities 111 through a through groove A116 and a through groove B117; a bearing bush 121 of a flexible hinge bearing bush 12 is placed in the bearing bush cavity 111, a flexible hinge mechanism A122 of the flexible hinge bearing bush 12 is placed in the hinge cavity A112, a flexible hinge mechanism B132 of a flexible hinge push rod 13 is placed in the hinge cavity B113, and a push rod mechanism 131 of the flexible hinge push rod 13 abuts against the back 128 of the bearing bush 121; the body 11 is further provided with cylindrical cavities 114 communicated with the hinge cavities A112 and B113 and uniformly arranged, and piezoelectric ceramic drivers 15 are arranged in the cylindrical cavities 114; the piezoelectric ceramic driver 15 is connected with the flexible hinge mechanism A122 and the flexible hinge mechanism B132 through a thrust hemisphere 14; an oil film gap 18 is arranged between the bearing bush 121 and the journal 2; by controlling the extension or contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic driver 15 to drive the flexible hinge mechanism a122 and the flexible hinge mechanism B132 to move along the radial direction, the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush 121 are further controlled, and the active control of the oil film gap 18 can be realized.

The flexible hinge mechanism A122 comprises a mobile platform A123, a flexible hinge A125, a flexible hinge B126, a flexible hinge C127 and two fixed ends A124; the two fixed ends A124 are used for fixing the flexible hinge mechanism A122 in the hinge cavity A112, the moving platform A123 is connected with the two fixed ends A124 through the flexible hinge A125 and the flexible hinge B126, the deformation rigidity of the flexible hinge is extremely low, and the moving platform A123 can generate radial movement around the flexible hinge A125 and the flexible hinge B126 under the pushing of the thrust hemisphere 14; the flexible hinge C127 is used for connecting the moving platform A123 and the bearing bush 121; the bearing bush 121 can rotate around a flexible hinge C127; the moving platform A123 of the flexible hinge mechanism A122 is driven to move along the radial direction by the extension or contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic driver 15, so that the function of controlling the radial displacement of the bearing bush 121 is realized.

The flexible hinge mechanism B132 comprises a mobile platform B133, a flexible hinge D135, a flexible hinge E136 and two fixed ends B134; the two fixed ends B134 are used for fixing the flexible hinge mechanism B132 in the hinge cavity B113, the moving platform B133 is connected with the two fixed ends B134 through the flexible hinge D125 and the flexible hinge E126, the deformation rigidity of the flexible hinge is extremely low, and the moving platform B133 can generate radial movement around the flexible hinge D125 and the flexible hinge E126 under the pushing of the thrust hemisphere 14.

The push rod mechanism 131 comprises a push rod 137 and an arc surface 138, the push rod 137 is connected with the moving platform B133, and the arc surface 138 is arranged at the top end of the push rod 137; after assembly, the arc surface 138 abuts the back surface 128 of the bearing shell; the extension or the shortening of the piezoelectric ceramic driver 15 drives the moving platform B133 of the flexible hinge mechanism B132 to move along the radial direction, and further drives the push rod 137 to move along the radial direction, so as to realize the function of controlling the swing angle of the bearing bush 121 around the flexible hinge C127.

The position of the outer cylindrical surface of the body 11 corresponding to the cylindrical cavity 114 is provided with a radial threaded hole A115, a bolt 16 is arranged in the threaded hole A115, and the piezoelectric ceramic driver 15 can be replaced by detaching the bolt 16.

A plurality of oil inlet channels 118 are radially arranged between two adjacent bearing cavities 111 in the body 11; a plurality of oil inlets 119 are provided on an outer cylindrical surface of the body 11 at positions corresponding to the oil inlet passage 118.

A plurality of threaded holes B1110 are formed in the end face of the body 11, a plurality of threaded holes C171 are formed in the cover plate 17, and the two cover plates 17 are mounted on the two end faces of the body 11 through the threaded holes B1110 and the threaded holes C171 respectively.

In the tilting pad bearing for actively controlling the oil film clearance, oil enters between the bearing body 11 and the journal 2 through the plurality of oil inlets 119 and the oil inlet channel 118, and reaches between the bearing bush 121 and the journal 2 under the driving of the rotation speed of the journal 2 to form an oil film, so that the friction between the bearing bush 121 and the journal 2 caused by metal contact is effectively reduced. When the load of the journal 2 changes dynamically, the distribution of the dynamic pressure of the oil film on the bearing bush 121 changes, the resultant force generated by the dynamic pressure to the bearing bush 121 changes, and in order to ensure that the tilting pad bearing is in an optimal working state, the resultant force acts on the thrust hemisphere 14 by controlling the extension and the contraction of the piezoelectric ceramic driver 15, pushes the flexible hinge mechanism a122 and the flexible hinge mechanism B132 to move radially, further drives the bearing bush 121 to move radially and swing, controls the radial displacement and the swing angle of the bearing bush 121, and can realize the active control of the oil film gap 18. Therefore, the average clearance and the wedge angle of the oil film clearance 18 can be actively controlled according to the dynamic change of the load, so that the magnitude of the dynamic pressure between the bearing bush 121 and the journal 2 is actively controlled, and the purposes of improving the rotation precision of the journal, inhibiting the vibration of the journal, actively controlling the axle center track and the like are achieved.

The invention has been described above with reference to a preferred embodiment, but the scope of protection of the invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention, and features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict, and any reference sign in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned, from which the embodiment is to be regarded as being exemplary and non-limiting in any way. Therefore, all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.