阅读说明：本技术 一种过热蒸汽温度和压力自动调控系统及方法 (Superheated steam temperature and pressure automatic regulation and control system and method ) 是由 黄志刚 李勇 郑华 李朋洲 徐建军 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种过热蒸汽温度和压力自动调控系统及方法,锅炉中产生的过热蒸汽先经过减压组件减压,再进入冷却组件进行冷却后输出；温度采集模块实时采集过冷却组件输出端的过热蒸汽的温度数据,压力采集模块实时采集过热蒸汽的压力数据；运行控制模块基于压力数据、温度数据与预设压力阈值、预设温度阈值进行比较后控制减压组件和冷却组件对系统压力或温度进行调节；将过热蒸汽的温度调节和压力调节解耦,温度通过冷却组件调节,压力通过多级减压组件调节,降低了温度和压力同时调节的难度,温度和压力独立调节也提高调节精度,保证调节系统的可靠性。(The invention discloses an automatic regulation and control system and method for temperature and pressure of superheated steam, wherein superheated steam generated in a boiler is decompressed through a decompression component, enters a cooling component for cooling and then is output; the temperature acquisition module acquires temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time, and the pressure acquisition module acquires pressure data of the superheated steam in real time; the operation control module controls the pressure reducing assembly and the cooling assembly to adjust the pressure or the temperature of the system after comparing the pressure data and the temperature data with a preset pressure threshold and a preset temperature threshold; the temperature regulation and the pressure regulation decoupling of superheated steam are realized, the temperature is regulated through the cooling assembly, the pressure is regulated through the multistage decompression assembly, the difficulty in simultaneous regulation of the temperature and the pressure is reduced, the regulation precision is also improved through independent regulation of the temperature and the pressure, and the reliability of a regulation system is guaranteed.)

1. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system, comprising: the device comprises a pressure reducing assembly, a cooling assembly, an operation control module, a temperature acquisition module and a pressure acquisition module;

superheated steam generated in the boiler is decompressed through the decompression component, enters the cooling component for cooling and then is output;

the temperature acquisition module acquires the temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time and sends the temperature data to the operation control module;

the pressure acquisition module acquires pressure data of the superheated steam in real time and sends the pressure data to the operation control module;

the operation control module controls the pressure reducing assembly to adjust the system pressure after comparing the pressure data with a preset pressure threshold value;

and the operation control module controls the cooling assembly to adjust the temperature of the system after comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature threshold value.

2. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system according to claim 1 wherein the pressure reduction assembly is configured as a series of multiple pressure reduction structures, each pressure reduction structure providing a fixed pressure reduction ratio, the pressure reduction ratio being the ratio of the pressure reduction structure outlet pressure to the pressure inlet pressure.

3. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system according to claim 1 wherein the superheated steam pressure data comprises superheated steam pressure data at the output of each stage of the pressure reduction structure and superheated steam temperature data at the output of the cooling module.

4. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system according to claim 3, wherein the cooling assembly comprises: a water storage tank, a displacement pump and a steam-water mixing component;

the water storage tank is used for storing supercooled water, and the supercooled water in the water storage tank is injected into the steam-water mixing assembly through the displacement pump to cool superheated steam and then is output.

5. The superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system of claim 4, wherein the displacement pump is a variable frequency displacement pump, and the operation control module adjusts the flow of subcooled water injected into the steam-water mixing assembly by changing the frequency of the variable frequency displacement pump.

6. The superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system of claim 4, wherein the operation control module comprises a manual control mode and an automatic control mode, the superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system is started in the manual control mode, and the starting process is as follows:

starting the cooling assembly to introduce the supercooled water into the steam-water mixing assembly;

starting the pressure reducing assembly, gradually and slowly opening valves of pressure reducing structures at all stages, reducing the pressure of superheated steam from the boiler, introducing the superheated steam into the steam-water mixing assembly, and mixing the superheated steam with supercooled water to reduce the temperature;

and after the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam which is output after being cooled by the cooling assembly are regulated and stabilized, switching to an automatic control mode.

7. The superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system of claim 6, wherein the automatic control mode comprises single point constant temperature control, constant control constant pressure control, temperature over time control, and pressure over time control.

8. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system according to claim 2 wherein the pressure reduction assembly has a regulation ratio p to system pressure regulationⁿ1, wherein the number of decompression stages is n, and the decompression ratio is p;

the adjusting range of the cooling assembly to the system temperature is as follows: lowest pressure saturation temperature-supply superheated steam temperature.

9. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation method applied to any one of the superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation systems of claims 1 to 8, comprising:

collecting temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time;

acquiring pressure data of the superheated steam in real time;

adjusting the system pressure by controlling the pressure reducing assembly after comparing the pressure data with a preset pressure threshold;

and adjusting the temperature of the system by controlling the cooling assembly after comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature threshold.

10. A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation method according to claim 1 wherein the superheated steam pressure data comprises superheated steam pressure data at the output of each stage of the pressure reduction structure and superheated steam temperature data at the output of the cooling module.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automatic regulation and control, in particular to a system and a method for automatically regulating and controlling the temperature and the pressure of superheated steam.

Background

In the fields of power plants, chemical plants and related experimental research, superheated steam is commonly used as a process medium, and parameters such as temperature and pressure of the superheated steam need to be adjusted in real time according to the requirements of the process or the flow in the industrial production and experimental operation processes. In order to meet the use requirement of the superheated steam, a steam supply boiler with rated parameters is generally set to provide a steam source, and the steam source is adjusted according to the use requirement. The temperature regulation of the superheated steam is generally realized by steam-water mixing, the temperature and pressure changes of the superheated steam are sensitive to the steam-water mixing proportion, the requirements on operators are high and the efficiency is low when the superheated steam is manually regulated, and the parameter control precision and the response speed required by the operation are difficult to realize.

The automatic operation system capable of realizing rapid and accurate control of the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam according to the process flow or the test requirements can well meet the requirements of relevant industrial production and test operation.

In addition, the temperature and pressure coupling regulation in the existing regulation system has more variables during regulation, and long time is consumed for realizing the stability of regulation.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the temperature and pressure coupling regulation and control in the existing regulation and control system has more variables during regulation and control, and longer time is consumed for realizing the stability of regulation and control; the invention aims to provide an automatic regulation and control system and method for the temperature and the pressure of superheated steam, so as to solve the technical problems.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

this scheme provides a superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation and control system, includes: the device comprises a pressure reducing assembly, a cooling assembly, an operation control module, a temperature acquisition module and a pressure acquisition module;

superheated steam generated in the boiler is decompressed through the decompression component, enters the cooling component for cooling and then is output;

the temperature acquisition module acquires the temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time and sends the temperature data to the operation control module;

the pressure acquisition module acquires pressure data of the superheated steam in real time and sends the pressure data to the operation control module;

the operation control module controls the pressure reducing assembly to adjust the system pressure after comparing the pressure data with a preset pressure threshold value;

and the operation control module controls the cooling assembly to adjust the temperature of the system after comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature threshold value.

The working principle of the scheme is as follows: in the existing regulation and control system, the temperature and the pressure are regulated and controlled in a coupling way, so that more variables are regulated and controlled, and longer time is consumed for realizing the stability of regulation and control; and not only high and the efficiency is very low to the operating personnel when artifical manual regulation, hardly realizes the parameter control precision and the response speed that the operation required, and this scheme is the temperature and the pressure regulation decoupling zero of superheated steam, and the temperature is adjusted through the super-cooled water subassembly, and the pressure is adjusted through the multistage pressure reduction subassembly of superheated steam, has reduced the temperature and the pressure and has adjusted the degree of difficulty simultaneously, has improved regulation precision and reliability. Aiming at the actual requirements, the invention designs a set of software and hardware system capable of realizing automatic operation control of the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam, and designs a pressure reduction assembly and a cooling assembly on hardware to regulate the pressure and the temperature. The superheated steam temperature and pressure parameters fed back by real-time measurement of the system are compared and calculated with the threshold value set by the system, and the real-time calculation result is directly applied to the pressure reduction assembly and the cooling assembly, so that real-time online regulation and control of the temperature and pressure parameters are realized, the working requirements on operators are reduced, and the regulation and control efficiency is effectively improved.

The further optimization scheme is that the pressure reduction assembly is formed by connecting a plurality of stages of pressure reduction structures in series, each stage of pressure reduction structure is provided with a fixed pressure reduction ratio, and the pressure reduction ratio is the ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction structure.

The further optimization scheme is that the pressure data of the superheated steam comprises the pressure data of the superheated steam at the output end of each stage of the pressure reducing structure and the temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the cooling assembly.

The multistage pressure reduction structure has the operation adjusting function within a wide pressure range, the adjusting quantity is obtained through comparison calculation according to the acquired output value and the target threshold value, and the output signal directly acts on the multistage pressure reduction structure and the cooling assembly, so that automatic accurate control of computer software is realized, manual adjustment is replaced, and the adjusting efficiency is improved.

In a further preferred embodiment, the cooling assembly comprises: a water storage tank, a displacement pump and a steam-water mixing component;

the water storage tank is used for storing supercooled water, and the supercooled water in the water storage tank is injected into the steam-water mixing assembly through the displacement pump to cool superheated steam and then is output.

The further optimization scheme is that the displacement pump is a variable frequency displacement pump, and the operation control module adjusts the flow of the supercooling water injected into the steam-water mixing assembly by changing the frequency of the variable frequency displacement pump.

The further optimization scheme is that the operation control module comprises a manual control mode and an automatic control mode, the starting of the superheated steam temperature and pressure regulating and controlling system is required to be carried out in the manual control mode, and the starting process is as follows:

starting the cooling assembly to introduce the supercooled water into the steam-water mixing assembly;

starting the pressure reducing assembly, gradually and slowly opening valves of pressure reducing structures at all stages, reducing the pressure of superheated steam from the boiler, introducing the superheated steam into the steam-water mixing assembly, and mixing the superheated steam with supercooled water to reduce the temperature;

and after the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam which is output after being cooled by the cooling assembly are regulated and stabilized, switching to an automatic control mode.

The further optimization scheme is that the automatic control mode comprises single-point temperature constant control, constant control pressure constant control, temperature change control along with time and pressure change control along with time.

According to a further optimization scheme, the regulation ratio of the pressure reducing component to the system pressure regulation is pⁿ1, wherein the number of decompression stages is n, and the decompression ratio is p;

superheatingSteam pressure is realized through the regulation to decompression assembly, and decompression assembly designs multistage decompression structure (note decompression progression is n, can generally take 2 ~ 3), and each grade decompression structure sets up fixed decompression ratio (being the ratio of decompression structure exit pressure and entry pressure, note decompression ratio is p, can generally take 0.6 ~ 0.8), can realize wide range pressure regulation (total pressure regulation ratio p) through the combination of multistage decompression structureⁿ～1)。

The temperature of the system is regulated by the cooling assembly within the range from the lowest pressure saturation temperature to the temperature of the supplied superheated steam.

The temperature of the superheated steam is realized by adjusting a cooling assembly (a supercooled water assembly), the supercooled water is driven by a variable-frequency displacement pump, the flow regulation of the supercooled water entering a steam-water mixing assembly is realized by adjusting the operating frequency of the variable-frequency displacement pump in real time, the output pressure of the supercooled water automatically changes along with the terminal pressure of the system, and the regulation mode is very simple.

Based on the superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation and control system, the scheme also provides a superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation and control method which comprises the following steps:

collecting temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time;

acquiring pressure data of the superheated steam in real time;

adjusting the system pressure by controlling the pressure reducing assembly after comparing the pressure data with a preset pressure threshold;

and adjusting the temperature of the system by controlling the cooling assembly after comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature threshold.

The further optimization scheme is that the pressure data of the superheated steam comprises the pressure data of the superheated steam at the output end of each stage of the pressure reducing structure and the temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the cooling assembly.

The rear end of each stage of pressure reducing structure is provided with the pressure measuring point, the pressure and the temperature of each point of the system are measured in real time and are used as the acquisition input of the automatic operation control and regulation of the computer, the temperature and the pressure are regulated and controlled on line according to the actual real-time operation amount, and the final temperature of the superheated steam is accurately controlled.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. according to the system and the method for automatically regulating and controlling the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam, provided by the invention, the temperature regulation and the pressure regulation of the superheated steam are decoupled, the temperature is regulated through the cooling assembly, the pressure is regulated through the multi-stage pressure reducing assembly, the difficulty in simultaneously regulating the temperature and the pressure is reduced, the regulation precision is also improved through the independent regulation of the temperature and the pressure, and the reliability of a regulation system is ensured;

2. according to the system and the method for automatically regulating and controlling the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam, provided by the invention, the temperature and the pressure parameters fed back by real-time measurement of the system are compared and calculated with the threshold value set by the system, and the cooling component and the pressure reducing component are regulated in real time according to the calculation result, so that the real-time online regulation and control of the temperature and the pressure parameters are realized, and the regulation and control time is shortened;

3. according to the system and the method for automatically regulating and controlling the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam, the pressure reducing assembly is set to be in a multi-stage series mode, the pressure is regulated in a wide range through the combination of the multi-stage pressure reducing structures, and the precision of pressure regulation is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort. On the attachment

In the figure:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage pressure-reducing superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

the method comprises the following steps of 1-a boiler, 2-a first-stage pressure reduction structure, 3-a second-stage pressure reduction structure, 4-a third-stage pressure reduction structure, 5-a steam-water mixing component, 6-an operation control module, 7-a water storage tank and 8-a displacement pump.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a boiler 1 is a steam source for providing superheated steam with relatively stable temperature and pressure parameters for industrial or experimental operation. The water storage tank is used for storing the supercooled water at normal temperature and normal pressure.

The embodiment provides a superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system, includes: the device comprises a pressure reducing assembly, a cooling assembly, an operation control module 6, a temperature acquisition module and a pressure acquisition module;

superheated steam generated in the boiler is decompressed through the decompression component, enters the cooling component for cooling and then is output;

the temperature acquisition module acquires the temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time and sends the temperature data to the operation control module;

the pressure acquisition module acquires pressure data of the superheated steam in real time and sends the pressure data to the operation control module;

the operation control module controls the pressure reducing assembly to adjust the system pressure after comparing the pressure data with a preset pressure threshold value;

the operation control module controls the cooling assembly to adjust the temperature of the system after comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature threshold value.

The decompression subassembly establishes ties for multistage decompression structure and constitutes, and each grade decompression structure sets up fixed decompression ratio, the decompression ratio is the ratio of decompression structure outlet pressure and inlet pressure. This embodiment supplies to set up 3 grades of decompression structures (one-level decompression structure 2, second grade decompression structure 3 and tertiary decompression structure 4) and establishes ties and constitute decompression subassembly, can select the different combination settings of multistage decompression structure according to the operating parameter requirement, can realize the continuous regulation of wide pressure variation range.

The pressure data of the superheated steam comprises superheated steam pressure data at the output of each stage of the pressure reduction structure and superheated steam temperature data at the output of the cooling assembly.

In this embodiment, the P1 acquires pressure data of superheated steam after the boiler 1, the P2 acquires pressure data of superheated steam after the primary pressure reducing structure 2, the P3 acquires pressure data of superheated steam after the secondary pressure reducing structure 3, the P4 acquires pressure data of superheated steam after the tertiary pressure reducing structure 4, and the P5 acquires pressure data of superheated steam after the steam-water mixing component 5, and the pressure data of these superheated steam are all used as pressure acquisition input data to the operation control module 6. The temperature acquisition input data mainly comprise temperature data T1 of the superheated steam after the steam-water mixing component 5.

The cooling assembly includes: a water storage tank 7, a displacement pump 8 and a steam-water mixing component 5;

the water storage tank 7 is used for storing supercooled water, and the supercooled water in the water storage tank 7 is injected into the steam-water mixing component 5 through the displacement pump 8 to cool the superheated steam and then is output.

The displacement pump 8 is a variable frequency displacement pump, and the operation control module 6 adjusts the flow of the supercooled water injected into the steam-water mixing assembly by changing the frequency of the variable frequency displacement pump.

The operation control module 6 comprises a manual control mode and an automatic control mode, the starting of the superheated steam temperature and pressure regulating and controlling system is required to be carried out in the manual control mode, and the starting process is as follows:

starting the cooling assembly to introduce the supercooled water into the steam-water mixing assembly;

starting the pressure reducing assembly, gradually and slowly opening valves of pressure reducing structures at all stages, reducing the pressure of superheated steam from the boiler, introducing the superheated steam into the steam-water mixing assembly, and mixing the superheated steam with supercooled water to reduce the temperature;

and after the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam which is output after being cooled by the cooling assembly are regulated and stabilized, switching to an automatic control mode.

The automatic control mode comprises single-point temperature constant control, constant control pressure constant control, temperature change control with time and pressure change control with time.

Example pressure relief assembly practices have achieved turndown ratios for system pressure regulation of up to 0.4-1;

example cooling assembly practices have achieved a range of adjustment of system temperatures up to 250 c to 500 c.

Pressure measuring points are designed at the rear end of each stage of pressure reducing structure, pressure and temperature measuring points are designed at the rear end of the steam-water mixing assembly, measuring results are collected in real time and input to the operation control system to be compared with a current set target threshold, and the operation control system finally outputs control signals to act on corresponding temperature and pressure adjusting systems, so that computer automatic regulation and control of temperature and pressure parameters are finally realized, and the adjusting precision and efficiency are improved.

The design of the scheme can realize real-time accurate automatic regulation and control of wide-range dynamic changes of the temperature and pressure parameters of the superheated steam, and the design of the scheme at present realizes automatic regulation of the operating condition range of the superheated steam pressure regulation ratio of 0.4-1 and the temperature change range of 250-500 ℃, the pressure regulation precision reaches +/-0.15 MPa, the temperature regulation precision reaches +/-2 ℃, and the implementation effect is good.

Example 2

A superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation method is applied to the superheated steam temperature and pressure regulation system in the previous embodiment, and comprises the following steps: collecting temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the supercooling component in real time; acquiring pressure data of the superheated steam in real time; adjusting the system pressure by controlling the pressure reducing assembly after comparing the pressure data with a preset pressure threshold; and adjusting the temperature of the system by controlling the cooling assembly after comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature threshold. The pressure data of the superheated steam comprises the pressure data of the superheated steam at the output end of each stage of the pressure reducing structure and the temperature data of the superheated steam at the output end of the cooling assembly.

The specific implementation mode of the superheated steam temperature and pressure automatic regulation system is as follows:

1) according to the overall system requirements (the use temperature and pressure change range of superheated steam, boiler steam supply parameters and the like), carrying out system design and calculation analysis, and mainly determining the structural grade of a pressure reducing valve and the design parameters of a supercooled water regulating component;

2) according to the system design, completing system hardware integrated installation and debugging, completing the installation of temperature and pressure measuring points and signal testing, and completing the control software compilation and testing of the operation control system;

3) when the superheated steam is put into operation formally, firstly, according to the operation requirement, the temperature and pressure parameter values or the temperature and pressure curve setting along with the time change of the superheated steam output requirement is completed in an operation control system;

4) setting the operation control system to be in a manual control mode, starting the supercooled water adjusting assembly, and introducing the supercooled water into the steam-water mixing assembly; starting a superheated steam multi-stage pressure reducing structure, gradually and slowly opening a valve of a pressure reducing valve bank, reducing the pressure of superheated steam from a boiler, introducing the superheated steam into a steam-water mixing component, and mixing the superheated steam with supercooled water to reduce the temperature;

5) switching the operation control system to an automatic control mode after adjusting the outlet temperature and pressure to appropriate values;

6) in the automatic control mode, the temperature and pressure measuring component automatically measures the temperature and pressure parameters of each point, and inputs the temperature and the pressure into the operation control system through pressure acquisition, the operation control system contrasts and analyzes the deviation between the temperature and the pressure parameter of the superheated steam actually measured and output by the current system and the set target value, if the actual measurement output parameter of the system and the set target value are in the allowable deviation range, the current state is kept without adjustment, if the actual measurement output parameter of the system and the set target value exceed the deviation allowable range, operation analysis is carried out according to the deviation and the system response characteristic to obtain the regulating quantity, the regulating signal is acted on the temperature and pressure regulating equipment through the temperature and pressure control output unit, the steam parameters output by the system and the set target value reach the specified deviation range, so that the real-time automatic accurate adjustment of the superheated steam parameters is realized.

The embodiment is a design scheme for realizing accurate regulation of the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam based on temperature and pressure regulation decoupling. The supercooled water is driven by a variable-frequency displacement pump, the flow rate is accurately controlled by frequency conversion, the system pressure and the tail end pressure can be automatically matched, and finally the temperature regulation of the superheated steam is realized. The flexible and adjustable arrangement of the multistage pressure reduction assembly can realize a wide range of pressure regulation design. Temperature and pressure measuring points are designed at a plurality of key point positions of the system, measuring signals are fed back to the operation control system in real time and set target values for operation and analysis, and finally, regulating signals are output to act on a real-time online automatic control scheme of the temperature and pressure regulating unit. The control system has the functions of a manual control mode and an automatic control mode, and has the capabilities of single-point temperature and pressure constant control and temperature and pressure change control along with time in the automatic control mode.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.