阅读说明：本技术 一种球类零件球径检测装置及其球类零件球径检测方法 (Ball diameter detection device and method for ball parts ) 是由 赵麦玲 杨磊 宋子深 赵鑫 陈亚娟 于 2021-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种球类零件球径检测装置及检测方法,该检测装置包括有千分表,所述的千分表包括表头、固定杆和测杆,在所述的测杆端部设有检测件,在所述的固定杆上滑动设置有定位件,在所述的定位件上设有能将定位件锁死在固定杆上的锁死件；检测件和定位件均能够卡置在球类零件上,加工前将检测件和定位件之间距离确定,加工后再次测量两者之间的变化差值,通过公式计算获得加工后球类零件的球径大小；采用上述技术方案,由于采用千分表检测,并通过公式计算求出球径,不需要通过三坐标仪反复检测,提高了检测速度,降低了检测成本。(The invention discloses a ball diameter detection device and a detection method for ball parts, wherein the detection device comprises a dial indicator, the dial indicator comprises a gauge head, a fixed rod and a measuring rod, a detection piece is arranged at the end part of the measuring rod, a positioning piece is arranged on the fixed rod in a sliding manner, and a locking piece capable of locking the positioning piece on the fixed rod is arranged on the positioning piece; the detection piece and the positioning piece can be clamped on the ball part, the distance between the detection piece and the positioning piece is determined before machining, the variation difference between the detection piece and the positioning piece is measured again after machining, and the ball diameter of the machined ball part is obtained through formula calculation; by adopting the technical scheme, the dial indicator is adopted for detection, and the sphere diameter is calculated and solved through a formula, so that repeated detection through a three-coordinate instrument is not needed, the detection speed is improved, and the detection cost is reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a ball part ball footpath detection device, including the amesdial, the amesdial include gauge outfit (1), dead lever (2) and measuring staff (3), its characterized in that: a detection piece (4) is arranged at the end part of the measuring rod (3), a positioning piece (5) is arranged on the fixed rod (2) in a sliding manner, and a locking piece (6) capable of locking the positioning piece (5) on the fixed rod (2) is arranged on the positioning piece (5); the inner diameter andor the outer diameter of the detecting piece (4) and the positioning piece (5) are known, and the size of the detecting piece (4) is smaller than that of the positioning piece (5); when the part to be detected is a ball bowl part, the outer rings of the detection part (4) and the positioning part (5) can be clamped on the inner wall of the ball bowl part; when the part to be detected is a ball head part, the inner rings of the detection piece (4) and the positioning piece (5) can be clamped on the outer wall of the ball head part.

2. The ball part center distance and diameter detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the part to be detected is a ball bowl part, the detection piece (4) is a circular piece with a known outer diameter or a cylinder shape or a horn shape.

3. The ball diameter detection device for the ball parts according to claim 2, wherein: the positioning piece (5) is a straight pipe with a known outer diameter.

4. The ball diameter detection device for the ball parts according to claim 2, wherein: the positioning piece (5) comprises a locking part (5-1) and a clamping part (5-2), the locking part (5-1) is a straight pipe sleeve which is sleeved on the fixing rod (2) to slide, the locking part (6) is arranged on the locking part (5-1), and the clamping part (5-2) is a wafer with a known outer diameter or a cylinder or a horn.

5. The ball diameter detection device for the ball parts according to claim 1, wherein: when the part to be detected is a ball head part, the detection piece (4) is cylindrical with a known inner diameter.

6. The ball diameter detection device for the ball parts according to claim 5, wherein: the positioning piece (5) comprises a locking part (5-1) and a clamping part (5-2), the locking part (5-1) is a straight pipe sleeve which is sleeved on the fixing rod (2) to slide, the locking part (6) is arranged on the locking part (5-1), and the clamping part (5-2) is cylindrical with a known inner diameter.

7. A method for detecting the ball diameter of a ball part by using the detection device of claim 1, comprising the steps of: before processing, the ball diameter of the ball part is measured by a three-coordinate measuring instrument, then a proper detection piece (4) and a proper positioning piece (5) are selected to be respectively arranged on the end part of a measuring rod (3) and a fixing rod (2), the end face of the ball part is parallel, the axis of the measuring rod (3) is kept to be perpendicular to the axis of the ball center, the ball center is positioned on the axis of the measuring rod (3), the detection piece (4) is contacted with an outer ring or an inner ring and the ball part by moving the detection device, then the inner ring or the outer ring is also contacted with the ball part by moving the positioning piece (5), the positioning piece (5) is locked by a locking piece (6), and the dial indicator value is returned to the spherical diameterZero, wait to adopt preceding detection device to contact with ball part detecting part (4) and locking piece (6) again after ball part processing is accomplished, read numerical value from the amesdial, through the formula: the degree of the triangle H dial indicator, R is the radius of the ball part before machining, ab is the diameter of the contact side of the detecting piece and the ball part, cd is the diameter of the contact side of the positioning piece and the ball part, and R is the radius of the ball part after machining, wherein the triangle H, R, ab and cd are known, so that the radius R of the ball part after machining can be obtained.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the sphere diameter of a spherical part, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the sphere diameter in the process of grinding the spherical surface of a hemispherical dynamic pressure motor.

Background

The hemispherical motor has the advantages of good stability, no mechanical wear during working, long service life, large axial and radial rigidity and the like, and is widely applied to aerospace products. The hemisphere and the ball bowl are important parts of a hemisphere dynamic pressure motor, and have the characteristics of high precision (reaching submicron level), complex process, long processing period and the like.

Because the hardness of the part material is high (HRA is more than or equal to 81), the part size and form and position tolerance requirements are high and reach submicron level, the processing of the spherical surface mainly depends on rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding after heat treatment, the spherical diameter can meet the micron-level matching requirement after grinding, and the spherical center distance can meet the part precision requirement.

The spherical surface is influenced by factors such as a grinding tool, a grinding material, grinding pressure and the like in the grinding process, so that the spherical surface removal amount is uncertain, a three-coordinate measuring machine is repeatedly used for measuring the sphere diameter and the sphere center distance in the machining process, and the size is corrected according to a measuring result. The processing period is long, the auxiliary time is prolonged, the detection cost is high, the production efficiency is low, and batch production and an advanced production unit manufacturing mode cannot be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a ball part detection device and a detection method which have low cost, high efficiency and high detection speed and can meet the requirement of batch production, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a ball diameter detection device for ball parts comprises a dial indicator, wherein the dial indicator comprises an indicator head, a fixed rod and a measuring rod, a detection piece is arranged at the end part of the measuring rod, a positioning piece is arranged on the fixed rod in a sliding manner, and a locking piece capable of locking the positioning piece on the fixed rod is arranged on the positioning piece; the inner diameter andor the outer diameter of the detecting piece and the positioning piece are known, and the size of the detecting piece is smaller than that of the positioning piece; when the part to be detected is a ball bowl part, the outer rings of the detection part and the positioning part can be clamped on the inner wall of the ball bowl part; when the part to be detected is a ball head part, the inner ring of the detection piece and the inner ring of the positioning piece can be clamped on the outer wall of the ball head part.

Further, when the part to be detected is a ball bowl part, the detection piece is a circular piece with a known outer diameter or a cylinder or a horn.

Furthermore, the positioning part is a straight pipe with a known outer diameter.

Furthermore, the positioning piece comprises a locking part and a clamping part, the locking part is a straight pipe sleeve which is sleeved on the fixed rod to slide, the locking part is arranged on the locking part, and the clamping part is a wafer with a known outer diameter or a cylinder or a horn.

Further, when the part to be detected is a ball head part, the detection piece is cylindrical with a known inner diameter.

Furthermore, the positioning piece comprises a locking part and a clamping part, the locking part is a cylindrical part with a known inner diameter, and the straight pipe sleeve is sleeved on the fixed rod to slide, the locking part is arranged on the locking part, and the clamping part is a cylindrical part with a known inner diameter.

A detection method for detecting the ball diameter of a ball part comprises the steps that the ball diameter of the ball part is measured through a three-coordinate instrument before machining, then a proper detection piece and a proper positioning piece are selected to be arranged on the end portion of a measuring rod and a fixed rod respectively, the end face of the ball part is parallel, the axis of the measuring rod is kept perpendicular, the ball center is located on the axis of the measuring rod, a detection device is moved to enable the detection piece to be in contact with an outer ring or an inner ring and the ball part, then the inner ring or the outer ring is enabled to be in contact with the ball part through a movable positioning piece, the positioning piece is locked through a locking piece, the numerical value of a dial indicator is reset to zero, after the ball part is machined, the detection piece and the locking piece are enabled to be in contact with the ball part again through the previous detection device, the numerical value is read from the dial indicator, and the formula is adopted:

wherein the degree of the triangle H dial indicator, R is the radius of the ball part before machining, ab is the diameter of the contact side of the detecting piece and the ball part, cd is the diameter of the contact side of the positioning piece and the ball part, and R is the radius of the ball part after machining, wherein the triangle H, R, ab and cd are known, so that the radius R of the ball part after machining can be obtained.

By adopting the technical scheme, the dial indicator is adopted for detection, and the sphere diameter is calculated and solved through a formula, so that repeated detection through a three-coordinate instrument is not needed, the detection speed is improved, and the detection cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a view of a ball diameter detecting device for a ball cup part according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view of a ball diameter detecting device for a ball head part according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a detecting member according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a detecting member according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a detecting member according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a positioning member in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a positioning member in accordance with an embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a positioning member in accordance with embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a positioning member according to embodiment 4 of the present invention

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of data before machining a ball bowl part;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of data after machining a ball bowl part;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the positioning tool.

Detailed Description

The ball part detection device shown in fig. 1 and 2 takes a dial indicator as a main body, the dial indicator comprises a gauge head 1, a fixed rod 2 and a measuring rod 3, the end part of the measuring rod 3 is provided with a detecting piece 4, the fixed rod 2 is provided with a positioning piece 5 in a sliding way, the positioning piece 5 is provided with a locking piece 6, the locking piece 6 can adopt a jack screw, the locking piece 6 can fixedly lock the positioning piece 5 at any position on the fixed rod 2, the end part of the measuring rod 3 is provided with a detecting piece, as shown in figure 1, if the part to be detected is a ball bowl part X, the detecting piece 4 and the positioning piece 5 need to be clamped on the inner wall of the ball bowl part, at the moment, the outer diameter of the detecting piece 4 and the outer diameter of the positioning piece 5 need to be determined in advance, and when as shown in fig. 2 if the part to be detected is a ball head part Y, the detecting member 4 and the positioning member 5 need to be clamped on the outer wall of the ball head part, so the inner diameters of the detecting member 4 and the positioning member 5 need to be determined in advance. Wherein can both contact with ball class part in order to make detection piece 4 and setting element 5, detection piece 4 size need be less than setting element 5 size, if be promptly if for ball bowl part then detection piece external diameter will be less than setting element 5 external diameter, if be ball head class part then detection piece 4 internal diameter will be less than the setting element internal diameter, and as shown in fig. 2 because detection piece 4 and setting element 5 probably exist the cover and establish the relation of overlapping, consequently detection piece 4 is less than setting element 5 internal diameter in this case in order to be close to, just so can make things convenient for setting element 5 to remove the deadlock, it has enough surplus to supply detection piece 4 to remove to make things convenient for the measurement in-process after the follow-up processing is accomplished simultaneously.

The structure of the detecting member 4 and the positioning member 5 will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the detecting element 4 shown in fig. 3 to 5 is in the shape of a disk, a horn, or a cylinder, and the detecting element 4 in any of these shapes can be applied to the detection of a ball-and-socket part as long as the outer diameter of the detecting element 4 is known. When the detection piece 4 is used for detecting the ball head part, the detection piece 4 needs to contact the outer wall of the part through the inner diameter, so that the cylindrical structure is selected, and the inner diameter of the detection piece 4 is known.

As shown in fig. 6-9, the positioning member 5 may be tubular as shown in fig. 6, and is only suitable for ball bowl part detection, wherein the outer diameter of the positioning member 5 is known; the structure shown in fig. 7-9 can also be designed, the positioning piece 5 comprises a locking part 5-1 and a clamping part 5-2, the locking part 5-1 is sleeved on the fixed rod 2 and can be fixedly locked through a locking piece 6, the clamping part 5-2 can be in a wafer shape, a horn shape or a cylinder shape, the structure is the same as that of the detection piece 4, the positioning piece 5 in the structural shape can be used for detecting the ball bowl part, and only the outer diameter of the clamping part needs to be known. When the positioning piece is used for a ball head part, the cylindrical structure is selected due to the fact that the positioning piece needs to be in contact with the outer wall of the part, and the inner diameter of the positioning piece 5 needs to be known.

Taking a ball bowl part as an example, the detection method of the ball head part is the same as that of the ball bowl part and is not repeated, and the following detailed description is made on how to detect the ball diameter of the ball part by adopting the detection device:

the detection method mainly aims at calculating the ball diameter after the ball diameter of the machined ball bowl part is changed.

a. Before machining, the ball diameter of the ball bowl part needs to be detected through a three-coordinate instrument, so that a known ball diameter value is obtained, the ball bowl part is shown as a ball bowl part before machining in figure 10, wherein r is a value obtained by measuring the radius of the ball bowl in advance through the three-coordinate instrument;

b. and selecting a proper detection piece 4 and a proper positioning piece 5 to be respectively installed on the end part of the measuring rod 3 and the fixing rod 2 of the dial indicator.

c. The end faces of the ball bowl parts are parallel, the axes of the measuring rods 3 are kept vertical, the spheres are located on the axes of the measuring rods 3, the detecting device is moved to enable the detecting piece 4 to be in contact with the inner wall of the ball bowl parts, namely, the position is shown as cd, wherein the outer diameter of the detecting piece 4 is known, namely, the diameter of cd is known, the chord length of the ball bowl where the detecting piece 4 is located is known, then the measuring rods 3 are pushed to enable the fixing rod 2 to move downwards, the positioning piece 5 can be moved to be in contact with the inner wall of the ball bowl when moving, at the moment, the positioning piece 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the ball bowl and is locked through the locking piece 6, ab is shown as the position where the positioning piece 5 is located in fig. 10, and since the outer diameter of the positioning piece 5 is known, the chord length ab where the positioning piece 5 is located is also known, and then the dial indicator number is returned to zero. In order to enable the axis of a measuring rod of a detection device to pass through the sphere center and keep the measuring rod perpendicular to the end face of a ball bowl part, a positioning tool can be arranged, the relative position of the ball bowl part and the detection device is determined, so that the detection device is opposite to the ball bowl position in each detection, and the positioning tool needs to be used for positioning in the subsequent step.

d. Then, the ball cup part is ground, the inner diameter of the ball cup part is inevitably increased after machining, then, the dial indicator with the position fixed by the positioning piece 5 in the step c is used for measuring, the detection piece 4 and the positioning piece 5 are both in contact with the inner wall of the ball cup part after machining, attention needs to be paid to keeping the end faces of the ball cup part parallel, the measuring rod 3 is perpendicular to the measuring rod, the sphere is positioned on the axis of the measuring rod, the position of the detection piece is the CD position shown in fig. 11, the CD (CD) is the outer diameter of the detection piece, the position of the positioning piece is the AB position in fig. 11, and the AB is the outer diameter of the positioning piece, so that a numerical value delta H can be read from the dial indicator.

e. By the following formula:

and calculating to obtain the radius R of the processed ball bowl, so that the ball diameter value of the processed ball bowl is known. In the formula, R is the radius of the ball bowl before processing and is measured by a three-coordinate measuring machine to be a known number, ab is the outer diameter size of the positioning piece, cd is the outer diameter size of the detection piece, and delta H is the measurement value of the dial indicator, so that the radius R of the ball bowl after processing is unknown, and the R can be obtained by bringing the known number into the formula. Certainly, the process can be directly obtained by inputting the delta H through a computer program, and is convenient and quick, measurement by a three-coordinate measuring machine is not needed, and the process is convenient and quick.