阅读说明：本技术 一种双凸极发电机全桥可控发电系统的控制方法 (Control method of double-salient-pole generator full-bridge controllable power generation system ) 是由 黄泽雷 王慧贞 刘伟峰 朱淳涛 李浩伟 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双凸极发电机全桥可控发电系统的控制方法,该方法通过位置传感器实时检测电机转子位置,控制器根据电机转子位置检测值结合六状态角度位置控制方法判断电机所处扇区后,按控制角度给定值对主功率变换器相应功率管进行控制。本发明公开的可控整流控制方法,通过对主功率变换器的控制提高了电机的输出功率,适合应用于航空、风力发电等行业。(The invention discloses a control method of a full-bridge controllable power generation system of a doubly salient generator, which detects the position of a motor rotor in real time through a position sensor, and controls a corresponding power tube of a main power converter according to a control angle set value after a controller judges a sector where the motor is located according to the position detection value of the motor rotor and a six-state angle position control method. The controllable rectification control method disclosed by the invention improves the output power of the motor by controlling the main power converter, and is suitable for industries such as aviation, wind power generation and the like.)

1. A control method of a double salient pole generator full-bridge controllable power generation system is characterized in that the double salient pole generator full-bridge controllable power generation system comprises a bridge rectifier circuit, a drive circuit, a position detector and a controller;

the bridge rectification circuit comprises power tubes S1-S6 and diodes D1-D6; s1 and S4 are connected in series to form an a-phase bridge arm,and a phase winding L_aThe S3 and the S6 are connected in series to form a b-phase bridge arm which is connected with the b-phase winding L_bThe S5 and the S2 are connected in series to form a c-phase bridge arm which is connected with the c-phase winding L_cConnecting; d1 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S1, D2 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S2, D3 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S3, D4 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S4, D5 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S5, and D6 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S6;

the controller is used for collecting each phase current i_a、i_bAnd i_cAcquiring the rotating electrical angle theta of the motor rotor through a position sensor, and controlling the on-off state of a power tube in a bridge rectifier circuit through a driving circuit;

the controller collects the rotating electrical angle theta of the motor rotor through the position detector;

when theta is equal to theta_bc--α₅,θ_bc-+β₅]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₅Conducting to form a short circuit L_c-L_a-D₁-S₅；

When theta is equal to theta_ab+-α₆,θ_ab++β₆]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₆Conducting to form a short circuit L_c-L_b-S₆-D₂；

When theta is equal to theta_ca--α₁,θ_ca-+β₁]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₁Conducting to form a short circuit L_a-L_b-D₃-S₁；

When theta is equal to theta_bc+-α₂,θ_bc++β₂]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₂Conducting to form a short circuit L_a-L_c-S₂-D₄；

When theta is equal to theta_ab--α₃,θ_ab-+β₃]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₃Conducting to form a short circuit L_b-L_c-D₅-S₃；

When theta is equal to theta_ca+-α₄,θ_ca++β₄]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₄Conducting to form a short circuit L_b-L_a-S₄-D₆；

The controller samples each phase current i in real time_a、i_bAnd i_cTurning off a power tube being turned on in the rectified power circuit when the actual phase current is detected to exceed the current threshold;

wherein, theta_ab+、θ_ab-、θ_bc+、θ_bc-、θ_ca+And theta_ca-Is a natural phase-change point of counter electromotive force in one electrical cycle of the doubly salient motor, a, b and c respectively represent the phases of three-phase windings of the motor, "+" represents positive conduction, "-" represents negative conduction, alpha₁、α₂、α₃、α₄、α₅、α₆The advance conduction angles beta corresponding to the six power tubes S1-S6₁、β₂、β₃、β₄、β₅、β₆Lag conduction angles L corresponding to six power tubes S1-S6_a、L_bAnd L_cRespectively, showing the three-phase windings of the motor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motor control, in particular to a control method of a full-bridge controllable power generation system of a doubly salient generator.

Background

The electro-magnetic doubly salient motor has wide application prospect in the field of aviation starting/power generation by virtue of the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability and flexible and convenient control. The doubly salient motor is a typical variable reluctance motor, and both a stator and a rotor of the doubly salient motor are in salient structures, so that the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value of the reluctance is maximum, and the doubly salient motor has good electromechanical energy conversion characteristics. The double salient pole motor has simple structure and process, no winding exists on the rotor, and the motor runs stably and reliably. The double-salient electro-magnetic machine changes an air gap magnetic field by adjusting exciting current, is matched with a power generation system consisting of a rectification topology and a voltage-regulating controller, and can be used in brushless direct-current power generation occasions. At present, a full-bridge uncontrolled rectification topology is usually adopted in a rectification topology, and phase windings of a doubly salient motor are in star connection and then are directly connected with a diode rectification topology. The voltage regulation controller realizes wide-range voltage regulation through the regulation of the exciting current and has the protection function of quick de-excitation in case of failure. However, since the power density of the motor adopting the uncontrolled rectification topology is low, the output power cannot be improved only by controlling the exciting current; the excitation winding usually has larger inductance and longer response time of variable excitation voltage regulation.

The existing controllable rectification technology can further improve the output power on the premise of not changing the structure of the double salient pole motor body. On the basis of an uncontrolled rectifier topology, a controllable power tube device is added, the power generation output power can be improved by adopting a proper control method and a proper control mode, and the output voltage is regulated by phase-change current. However, the external characteristics of the currently adopted three-state full-bridge controllable rectification are relatively soft, and the voltage regulation rate is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that on the basis of an uncontrolled rectifier topology, a controllable power tube device is added, and the power generation output power is improved by adopting a proper control method and a control mode.

The invention discloses a control method of a doubly salient generator full-bridge controllable power generation system, wherein the doubly salient generator is an electrically excited doubly salient motor, a controller acquires a rotor position signal and a phase current, and a six-state angle position control method is adopted to control a power tube in a rectification power circuit, and the six-state angle position control method is used to control the power tube of a bridge arm where a phase winding to be conducted is located near a natural phase-changing point. The current limit value is set according to the motor characteristics and the actual working requirement, the controller samples each phase of current in real time, and the power tube which is conducted in the rectification power circuit is turned off when the actual current is detected to exceed the current limit, so that the overlarge phase of current can quickly fall back to the set limit.

Specifically, the double salient pole generator full-bridge controllable power generation system comprises a bridge rectifier circuit, a drive circuit, a position detector and a controller;

the bridge rectification circuit comprises power tubes S1-S6 and diodes D1-D6; s1 and S4 are connected in series to form an a-phase bridge arm which is connected with the a-phase winding L_aThe S3 and the S6 are connected in series to form a b-phase bridge arm which is connected with the b-phase winding L_bThe S5 and the S2 are connected in series to form a c-phase bridge arm which is connected with the c-phase winding L_cConnecting; d1 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S1, D2 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S2, D3 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S3, D4 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S4, D5 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S5, and D6 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S6;

the controller is used for collecting each phase current i_a、i_bAnd i_cAcquiring the rotating electrical angle theta of the motor rotor through a position detector, and controlling the on-off state of a power tube in a bridge rectifier circuit through a driving circuit;

the controller collects the rotating electrical angle theta of the motor rotor through the position detector;

when theta is equal to theta_bc--α₅,θ_bc-+β₅]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₅Conducting to form a short circuit L_c-L_a-D₁-S₅；

When theta is equal to theta_ab+-α₆,θ_ab++β₆]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₆Conducting to form a short circuit L_c-L_b-S₆-D₂；

When theta is equal to theta_ca--α₁,θ_ca-+β₁]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₁Conducting to form a short circuit L_a-L_b-D₃-S₁；

When theta is equal to theta_bc+-α₂,θ_bc++β₂]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₂Conducting to form a short circuit L_a-L_c-S₂-D₄；

When theta is equal to theta_ab--α₃,θ_ab-+β₃]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₃Conducting to form a short circuit L_b-L_c-D₅-S₃；

When theta is equal to theta_ca+-α₄,θ_ca++β₄]The controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₄Conducting to form a short circuit L_b-L_a-S₄-D₆；

The controller samples each phase current i in real time_a、i_bAnd i_cTurning off a power tube being turned on in the rectified power circuit when the actual phase current is detected to exceed the current threshold;

wherein, theta_ab+、θ_ab-、θ_bc+、θ_bc-、θ_ca+And theta_ca-Is a natural phase change point of a reverse potential in one electrical cycle of the doubly salient motor, a, b and c respectively represent the phases of three-phase windings of the motor, "+" represents positive conduction, "-" represents negative conduction, and alpha is₁、α₂、α₃、α₄、α₅、α₆The advance conduction angles beta corresponding to the six power tubes S1-S6₁、β₂、β₃、β₄、β₅、β₆Lag conduction angles L corresponding to six power tubes S1-S6_a、L_bAnd L_cRespectively, showing the three-phase windings of the motor.

After the scheme is adopted, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) only one power tube is controlled at a time, the switching frequency is low, the switching loss is low, and the cost of the device is reduced.

2) The current chopping technology is introduced into a controllable power generation system and is used for limiting the peak value of each phase current, so that the effective value of the phase current is reduced, the copper loss is reduced, and the system is ensured to operate in a safe range;

3) the double-voltage-regulation control system can be formed by combining excitation voltage regulation, and is favorable for widening the power generation operating rotating speed range of the electric excitation double-salient pole motor and improving the response speed of the double-salient pole motor voltage regulation system.

4) The power generation system is suitable for three-phase electro-magnetic doubly salient direct-current generators, hybrid-magnetic doubly salient direct-current generators and permanent-magnet doubly salient direct-current generators, and can be applied to occasions with high requirements on the power density of the motors, such as aviation and the like.

5) Aiming at the problem of asymmetry of three-phase electromagnetic characteristics of an electro-magnetic doubly salient motor, an advance conduction angle alpha and a lag conduction angle beta of an upper tube and a lower tube of each phase are optimized through simulation and debugging; alpha and beta are selected according to the parameters and the load condition of the actual motor, and the output power of the motor can be effectively improved by selecting proper parameters.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a hardware block diagram of the motor control system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a driving logic diagram of a six-state angular position control method.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operating state in the second and third sectors.

Wherein, FIG. 3(a) shows a power tube S₆An equivalent circuit diagram when conducting; FIG. 3(b) shows a power tube S₆Turn off to S₁An equivalent circuit diagram before conduction; FIG. 3(c) shows a power tube S₁An equivalent circuit diagram when conducting; FIG. 3(d) shows a power tube S₁Turn off to S₂Equivalent circuit diagram before conducting.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:

the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

The invention discloses a control method of a double salient pole generator full-bridge controllable power generation system, as shown in figure 1, wherein the double salient pole generator comprises a bridge rectifier circuit, a drive circuit, a position detector and a controller; the double-salient generator is an electric excitation double-salient motor.

The bridge rectification circuit comprises power tubes S1-S6 and diodes D1-D6; s1 and S4 are connected in series to form an a-phase bridge arm which is connected with the a-phase winding L_aThe S3 and the S6 are connected in series to form a b-phase bridge arm which is connected with the b-phase winding L_bThe S5 and the S2 are connected in series to form a c-phase bridge arm which is connected with the c-phase winding L_cConnecting; d1 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S1, D2 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S2, D3 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S3, D4 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S4, D5 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S5, and D6 is connected in parallel between the grid and the drain of the power tube S6;

the controller is used for collecting each phase current i_a、i_bAnd i_cAcquiring the rotating electrical angle theta of the motor rotor through a position detector, and controlling the on-off state of a power tube in a bridge rectifier circuit through a driving circuit;

by natural commutation point (theta) of the back emf in one electrical cycle of a doubly salient machine_ab+、θ_ab-、θ_bc+、θ_bc-、θ_ca+、θ_ca-) Dividing each electric period into six sectors based on six formed conduction intervals, wherein a, b and c respectively represent the phases of three-phase windings of the motor, the positive sign represents positive conduction, the negative sign represents negative conduction, and alpha is defined₁、α₂、α₃、α₄、α₅、α₆The advance conduction angles beta corresponding to the six power tubes S1-S6₁、β₂、β₃、β₄、β₅、β₆The hysteresis conduction angles corresponding to the six power tubes from S1 to S6 are respectively, and the six sectors are respectively a first sector [ theta ]_bc--α₅,θ_bc-+β₅]A second sector [ theta ]_ab+-α₆,θ_ab++β₆]Third sector [ theta ]_ca--α₁,θ_ca-+β₁]Fourth sector [ theta ]_bc+-α₂,θ_bc++β₂]Fifth sector [ theta ]_ab--α₃,θ_ab-+β₃]A sixth sector [ theta ]_ca+-α₄,θ_ca++β₄]。

The controller collects the position theta of the motor rotor through the position detector; when theta is equal to theta_bc--α₅,θ_bc-+β₅]When the motor is positioned in the first sector, the controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₅Conducting to form a short circuit L_c-L_a-D₁-S₅(ii) a As shown in fig. 2, the phase a winding is in an inductance rising area and has positive excitation induction potential, the phase b winding and the phase c winding are in an inductance falling area and have reverse excitation induction potential, in this stage, the phase a winding generates negative current to perform negative energy storage, the phase c winding generates positive current to perform positive energy storage, and at this time, the conduction angle is the control angle given value alpha output by the controller₅+β₅The controller samples each phase current i in real time_a、i_bAnd i_cAnd, when detecting that the actual current exceeds the current threshold, turning off the conducting power tube S in the rectification power circuit₅Excessive phase currents can be quickly dropped within set limits. Outside the conduction interval, the motor is in an uncontrolled rectification power generation state.

When theta is equal to theta_ab+-α₆,θ_ab++β₆]When the motor is positioned in the second sector, the controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₆Conducting, and the circuit working state is as shown in fig. 3 (a); form a short-circuit loop L_c-L_b-S₆-D₂(ii) a As shown in fig. 2, the a-phase winding and the b-phase winding are in the inductance rising region and have forward exciting induction potential, and the c-phase winding is in the inductance falling region and have reverse exciting inductionIn response to the potential, in the stage, the a-phase winding generates negative current to output energy to the load, the c-phase winding generates positive current to output energy to the b-phase winding, the b-phase winding generates negative current to perform negative energy storage, and the conduction angle is the set value alpha of the control angle output by the controller at the moment₆+β₆The controller samples each phase of current in real time, and turns off the conducting power tube S in the rectification power circuit when detecting that the actual current exceeds the current threshold₆In this case, the circuit operation state is as shown in fig. 3(b), and the excessive phase current can be quickly returned to the set limit. Outside the conduction interval, the motor is in an uncontrolled rectification power generation state.

When theta is equal to theta_ca--α₁,θ_ca-+β₁]When the motor is positioned in the third sector, the controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₁Conducting, and the circuit working state is as shown in fig. 3 (c); form a short-circuit loop L_a-L_b-D₃-S₁(ii) a The phase b winding is positioned in an inductance rising area and has positive excitation induction potential, the phase a winding and the phase c winding are positioned in an inductance falling area and have reverse excitation induction potential, negative current is generated by the phase b winding to carry out negative energy storage, positive current is generated by the phase a winding to carry out positive energy storage, and the conduction angle is the control angle given value alpha output by the controller at the moment₁+β₁The controller samples each phase of current in real time, and turns off the conducting power tube S in the rectification power circuit when detecting that the actual current exceeds the current threshold₁At this time, the circuit operation state is as shown in fig. 3(d), and the excessive phase current can be quickly returned to the set limit. Outside the conduction interval, the motor is in an uncontrolled rectification power generation state.

When theta is equal to theta_bc+-α₂,θ_bc++β₂]When the motor is positioned in the fourth sector, the controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₂Conducting to form a short circuit L_a-L_c-S₂-D₄(ii) a The phase-b and phase-c windings are positioned in an inductance rising area and have positive excitation induction potential, the phase-a winding is positioned in an inductance falling area and has reverse excitation induction potential, and the phase-b winding generates negative current to be output to a load in the phaseEnergy, the a-phase winding generates positive current to output energy to the c-phase winding, the c-phase winding generates negative current to store energy in a negative direction, and the conduction angle is the set value alpha of the control angle output by the controller₂+β₂The controller samples each phase of current in real time, and turns off the conducting power tube S in the rectification power circuit when detecting that the actual current exceeds the current threshold₂Excessive phase currents can be quickly dropped within set limits. Outside the conduction interval, the motor is in an uncontrolled rectification power generation state.

When theta is equal to theta_ab--α₃,θ_ab-+β₃]When the motor is positioned in the fifth sector, the controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₃Conducting to form a short circuit L_b-L_c-D₅-S₃(ii) a The c-phase winding is positioned in an inductance rising area and has positive excitation induction potential, the a-phase winding and the b-phase winding are positioned in an inductance falling area and have reverse excitation induction potential, negative current is generated by the c-phase winding to carry out negative energy storage, positive current is generated by the b-phase winding to carry out positive energy storage, and the conduction angle is the control angle given value alpha output by the controller at the moment₃+β₃The controller samples each phase of current in real time, and turns off the conducting power tube S in the rectification power circuit when detecting that the actual current exceeds the current threshold₃Excessive phase currents can be quickly dropped within set limits. Outside the conduction interval, the motor is in an uncontrolled rectification power generation state.

When theta is equal to theta_ca+-α₄,θ_ca++β₄]When the motor is positioned in the sixth sector, the controller drives the power tube S through the driving circuit₄Conducting to form a short circuit L_b-L_a-S₄-D₆(ii) a In the phase, the phase c winding generates negative current to output energy to a load, the phase b winding generates positive current to output energy to the phase a winding, the phase a winding generates negative current to perform negative energy storage, and the conduction angle is the control angle given value alpha output by the controller at the moment₄+β₄The controller samples each phase of current in real time, and turns off the conducting power tube S in the rectification power circuit when detecting that the actual current exceeds the current threshold₄Excessive phase currents can be quickly dropped within set limits. Outside the conduction interval, the motor is in an uncontrolled rectification power generation state.

According to the control method provided by the invention, the controller sends a driving signal to the power tube through the driving circuit according to the sampled electric angle and phase current signals of the motor rotor rotation, and then the current chopping control is combined, so that the capability of the armature winding in power generation is fully utilized, the output power in a safe phase current range is improved, the applied rotating speed range is widened, and the control method is suitable for industries such as aviation, wind power generation and the like.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.