阅读说明：本技术 人工肝的中空纤维生物反应器 (Hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver ) 是由 许少锋 朱桥辉 张学昌 何平 吴尧锋 王向垟 陆俊杰 高德 于 2021-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种人工肝的中空纤维生物反应器,包括套在所有中空纤维管外侧的圆形软管,圆形软管的两端与胶体密封结构固连并密封；圆形筒为变径圆形筒,靠近血液分配器的一端直径小,靠近血液出口收集器的一端直径大,小径筒与大径筒之间弧形过渡,穿过并固定密封在大径筒壁上的营养液入口管连通圆形软管内,穿过并固定密封在小径筒壁上的营养液出口管连通圆形软管内；大径筒壁上有流体入口,小径筒壁上有流体出口；流体从流体入口流入,由大径筒流到横截面缩小的小径筒时,出现文丘里效应,使毒素更容易从血液一侧穿过中空纤维膜而进入营养液一侧,能增强解毒效果并实现人工肝高效解毒,达到预期的治疗效果。(The invention discloses a hollow fiber bioreactor of an artificial liver, which comprises circular flexible pipes sleeved outside all hollow fiber pipes, wherein two ends of each circular flexible pipe are fixedly connected and sealed with a colloid sealing structure; the circular tube is a variable-diameter circular tube, the diameter of one end close to the blood distributor is small, the diameter of one end close to the blood outlet collector is large, the small-diameter tube and the large-diameter tube are in arc transition, a nutrient solution inlet tube penetrating and fixedly sealed on the wall of the large-diameter tube is communicated with the circular hose, and a nutrient solution outlet tube penetrating and fixedly sealed on the wall of the small-diameter tube is communicated with the circular hose; the large-diameter cylinder wall is provided with a fluid inlet, and the small-diameter cylinder wall is provided with a fluid outlet; when fluid flows in from the fluid inlet and flows from the large-diameter cylinder to the small-diameter cylinder with the reduced cross section, a Venturi effect appears, so that toxin can more easily pass through the hollow fiber membrane from the blood side and enter the nutrient solution side, the detoxification effect can be enhanced, the high-efficiency detoxification of the artificial liver can be realized, and the expected treatment effect can be achieved.)

1. A hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver comprises a blood inlet distributor which is connected with two ends of a circular cylinder and is provided with a blood inlet and a blood outlet collector with a blood outlet, wherein a plurality of hollow fiber tubes made of hollow fiber membranes are arranged in the center of the circular cylinder, and a colloid sealing structure is arranged between the outer sides of the two ends of the hollow fiber tubes and the inner wall of the circular cylinder; the method is characterized in that:

the device also comprises circular hoses sleeved outside all the hollow fiber tubes, and two ends of each circular hose are fixedly connected and sealed with the colloid sealing structures; the circular tube is a variable-diameter circular tube, the diameter of one end close to the blood distributor is small, the diameter of one end close to the blood outlet collector is large, the small-diameter tube and the large-diameter tube are in arc transition, a nutrient solution inlet tube penetrating and fixedly sealed on the wall of the large-diameter tube is communicated with the circular hose, and a nutrient solution outlet tube penetrating and fixedly sealed on the wall of the small-diameter tube is communicated with the circular hose; the large-diameter cylinder wall is provided with a fluid inlet, and the small-diameter cylinder wall is provided with a fluid outlet;

when fluid flows in from the fluid inlet and flows from the large-diameter cylinder to the small-diameter cylinder with the reduced cross section, the flow speed is increased due to the fact that the cross section is reduced, the fluid pressure is reduced, the pressure on the outer side of the circular hose is smaller than the pressure on the inner side of the circular hose, the circular hose on the inner side of the small-diameter cylinder is propped open towards the outer side of the circular hose, the volume of the circular hose close to the nutrient solution outlet pipe is increased, partial vacuum is formed, the pressure of the nutrient solution in the circular hose is reduced, the pressure difference between blood in the hollow fiber tube and nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube is increased, and toxins can more easily penetrate through the hollow fiber membrane from the blood side to enter the nutrient solution side.

2. The hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluid is compressed air, nitrogen or nutrient solution.

3. The hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the round hose is a medical latex tube or a medical silicone tube.

4. The hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nutrient solution outlet pipe is close to the blood inlet distributor, and the nutrient solution inlet pipe is close to the blood outlet collector.

5. The hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluid outlet on the small diameter cartridge wall is adjacent to the blood inlet distributor and the fluid inlet on the large diameter cartridge wall is adjacent to the blood outlet collector.

6. The hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circular section of thick bamboo of reducing is a reducing organic glass section of thick bamboo, and a path section of thick bamboo is whole with a big footpath section of thick bamboo integrated into one piece, and the arc transition between a transition section of thick bamboo and the path section of thick bamboo also the arc transition between a transition section of thick bamboo and the big footpath section of thick bamboo.

7. The hollow fiber bioreactor of artificial liver according to claim 6, characterized in that: the outer end of the small-diameter cylinder of the variable-diameter organic glass cylinder is provided with a first external thread, the central hole of the blood inlet distributor is provided with a first internal thread, and the first external thread is screwed and fastened with the first internal thread; the outer end of the large-diameter cylinder of the variable-diameter organic glass cylinder is provided with a second external thread, the central hole of the blood outlet collector is provided with a second internal thread, and the second external thread is screwed and fastened with the second internal thread.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical equipment, in particular to a hollow fiber bioreactor of an artificial liver.

Background

The artificial liver uses pressure to drive the blood of a patient to flow through an in vitro artificial liver system through an in vitro mechanical or physicochemical device, takes the function of temporarily assisting or completely replacing the seriously diseased liver, removes various harmful substances, compensates the metabolic function of the liver until the liver function of the human body is recovered or the liver transplantation is carried out.

The hollow fiber bioreactor is a component for removing toxins in the artificial liver device and is the core of the artificial liver device system. The hollow fiber bioreactor is generally composed of a plurality of hollow fiber tubes such as 5000-.

In the existing artificial liver treatment, blood of a patient flows through the hollow fiber tube, nutrient solution flows through a peripheral gap between the hollow fiber tube and the cylindrical organic glass tube, and the flow direction of the blood and the flow direction of the nutrient solution are opposite. Generally, the space in the hollow fiber tube is called an inner cavity, and the space between the hollow fiber tube and the cylindrical organic glass tube is called an outer cavity, and the blood in the inner cavity and the nutrient solution in the outer cavity are subjected to bidirectional substance transfer through the porous fiber membrane. The two-way mass transfer process is roughly as follows: the toxin of the blood with toxin in the inner cavity is transferred to the outer cavity from the inner cavity through the porous fiber membrane and flows out along with the nutrient solution, thereby realizing the detoxification effect, and the detoxified blood flows back to the human body; the nutrient substances, oxygen and the like in the nutrient solution in the outer cavity are transferred from the outer cavity to the inner cavity through the porous fiber membrane to supplement nutrient substances for the blood and flow back to the human body along with the detoxified blood.

The mode of realizing bidirectional substance transfer by a porous fiber membrane in the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver comprises diffusion mass transfer and convection mass transfer, wherein the convection mass transfer is taken as a main mass transfer mode. The motive force for convective mass transfer arises from the pressure differential across the porous fibrous membrane. The blood of the patient flows through the inner cavity of the hollow fiber tube, and the pressure is gradually reduced along the blood flowing direction; the nutrient solution flows through the outer cavity along the direction opposite to the blood flow, and the pressure is gradually reduced along the nutrient solution flow direction. The pressure of the blood and nutrient solution is controlled, for example, such that the pressure of the blood at the inlet of the inner chamber is approximately the same as the pressure of the nutrient solution at the inlet of the outer chamber, so that a pressure difference is created across the porous fibrous membrane in the direction of flow. The method comprises the following steps: along the first half section of the blood flowing direction, the pressure in the inner cavity is greater than the pressure in the outer cavity, and the toxin in the blood generates convective mass transfer under the action of pressure difference, is transmitted to the outer cavity from the inner cavity through the porous fiber membrane and flows out along with the nutrient solution in the outer cavity, thereby realizing the detoxification effect; and in the latter half section along the blood flowing direction, the pressure in the outer cavity is greater than the pressure in the inner cavity, and the nutrient substances in the nutrient solution generate convective mass transfer under the action of pressure difference and are transferred to the inner cavity from the outer cavity through the porous fiber membrane to supplement the nutrient substances to the detoxified blood. Therefore, the existing artificial liver completely depends on the difference of the flow directions of blood and nutrient solution to generate pressure difference, so as to realize convective mass transfer and toxin removal. How to improve the toxin removing efficiency of the artificial liver and realize the high-efficiency detoxification treatment of the artificial liver becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the current artificial liver technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver, which can enhance the detoxification effect and realize the efficient detoxification of the artificial liver.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the invention provides a hollow fiber bioreactor of an artificial liver, which comprises a blood inlet distributor and a blood outlet collector, wherein the blood inlet distributor is connected with two ends of a circular cylinder and is provided with a blood inlet, the blood outlet collector is provided with a blood outlet, the center in the circular cylinder is provided with a plurality of hollow fiber tubes made of hollow fiber membranes, and a colloid sealing structure is arranged between the outer sides of the two ends of each hollow fiber tube and the inner wall of the circular cylinder;

the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver also comprises a circular hose sleeved outside all the hollow fiber tubes, wherein two ends of the circular hose are fixedly connected and sealed with a colloid sealing structure; the circular tube is a variable-diameter circular tube, the diameter of one end close to the blood distributor is small, the diameter of one end close to the blood outlet collector is large, the small-diameter tube and the large-diameter tube are in arc transition, a nutrient solution inlet tube penetrating and fixedly sealed on the wall of the large-diameter tube is communicated with the circular hose, and a nutrient solution outlet tube penetrating and fixedly sealed on the wall of the small-diameter tube is also communicated with the circular hose; the large-diameter cylinder wall is provided with a fluid inlet, and the small-diameter cylinder wall is provided with a fluid outlet;

when fluid flows in from the fluid inlet and flows from the large-diameter cylinder to the small-diameter cylinder with the reduced cross section, the flow speed is increased due to the fact that the cross section is reduced, the fluid pressure is reduced, the pressure on the outer side of the circular hose is smaller than the pressure on the inner side of the circular hose, the circular hose on the inner side of the small-diameter cylinder is propped open towards the outer side of the circular hose, the volume of the circular hose close to the nutrient solution outlet pipe is increased, partial vacuum is formed, the pressure of the nutrient solution in the circular hose is reduced, the pressure difference between blood in the hollow fiber tube and nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube is increased, and toxins can more easily penetrate through the hollow fiber membrane from the blood side to enter the nutrient solution side.

After adopting the structure, the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver has the following advantages:

the invention departs from the conventional thinking that the pressure difference of the convective mass transfer is generated completely through the difference of the flowing directions of the blood and the nutrient solution in the prior art, creatively provides the technical concept of utilizing a variable-diameter round tube similar to a Venturi tube, such as a round organic glass tube with variable pipe diameter or the combination of the organic glass tube and a round hose.

The blood with toxin of the patient enters from the blood inlet, flows through the blood inlet distributor and then enters the hollow fiber tube, flows through the blood outlet collector and then flows out from the blood outlet, and the position of the circular hose is positioned between the variable diameter circular cylinder and the hollow fiber tube in the radial direction. According to the Bernoulli principle, when fluid with a certain flow rate flows through a flow cross section with a small cross section area, the flow speed is increased, the fluid pressure is reduced, and a Venturi phenomenon occurs. In the invention, when fluid such as gas flows in from a fluid inlet such as a gas inlet, then flows through a variable-diameter circular cylinder, namely the variable-diameter circular cylinder, and flows from a large-diameter cylinder to a small-diameter cylinder with a reduced section, the fluid pressure such as gas pressure can be reduced, the pressure at the outer side of the circular hose is smaller than the pressure at the inner side of the circular hose, the circular hose at the inner side of the small-diameter cylinder is propped open towards the outer side of the circular hose, so that the volume of the circular hose close to a nutrient solution outlet pipe is increased, partial vacuum is formed, the pressure of the nutrient solution in the circular hose is reduced, namely the pressure difference between blood in a hollow fiber pipe and nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber pipe is increased, toxins can more easily penetrate through a porous fiber membrane from the blood side to the nutrient solution side, even if the blood more easily penetrates through the hollow fiber membrane from the hollow fiber pipe to the hollow fiber pipe and flows out along with the nutrient solution outlet pipe, the detoxification effect is obviously enhanced, realizes the high-efficiency detoxification of the artificial liver and achieves the expected treatment effect.

Further, the fluid is compressed air, nitrogen or a nutrient solution. After adopting above structure, local materials are used, according to local conditions, the micro air compressor is convenient to use, the nitrogen cylinder is medical necessary equipment, and nutrient solution such as pumping nutrient solution is adopted, is not only a biological reaction substance in the hose, but also is used as pressure fluid outside the hose, and the nitrogen compressor has two purposes, is very convenient and has better applicability.

Furthermore, the round hose is a medical latex tube or a medical silicone tube. After the structure is adopted, the medical latex tube or the medical silicone tube has excellent elasticity, deformation performance and sensitive reaction capacity, so that the Venturi effect is more obvious, the pressure difference between the blood in the hollow fiber tube and the nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube is more obvious, and the toxin can more easily pass through the porous fiber membrane from one side of the blood to enter one side of the nutrient solution, thereby further enhancing the detoxification effect.

Further, the fluid outlet on the small-diameter cylinder wall is close to the blood inlet distributor, and the fluid inlet on the large-diameter cylinder wall is close to the blood outlet collector. After the structure is adopted, the Venturi effect is more obvious, the pressure difference between the blood in the hollow fiber tube and the nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube is more obvious, and the toxin can more easily pass through the porous fiber membrane from one side of the blood to enter one side of the nutrient solution, so that the detoxification effect is further enhanced.

Further, the fluid outlet on the small-diameter cylinder wall is close to the blood inlet distributor, and the fluid inlet on the large-diameter cylinder wall is close to the blood outlet collector. After the structure is adopted, the Venturi effect is more obvious, the pressure difference between the blood in the hollow fiber tube and the nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube is more obvious, and the toxin can more easily pass through the porous fiber membrane from one side of the blood to enter one side of the nutrient solution, so that the detoxification effect is further enhanced.

Furthermore, the circular section of thick bamboo of reducing is a reducing organic glass section of thick bamboo, and a path section of thick bamboo is whole with big footpath section of thick bamboo integrated into one piece, and the arc transition is also passed through between a transition section of thick bamboo and the big footpath section of thick bamboo between a transition section of thick bamboo. After the structure more than adopting, the practicality is better, and the transition of pressure fluid from big footpath section of thick bamboo to a path section of thick bamboo is more level and smooth and easy, has further strengthened the venturi effect.

Furthermore, a first external thread is arranged at the outer end of the small-diameter cylinder of the variable-diameter organic glass cylinder, a first internal thread is arranged in the center hole of the blood inlet distributor, and the first external thread and the first internal thread are screwed and fastened tightly; the outer end of the large-diameter cylinder of the variable-diameter organic glass cylinder is provided with a second external thread, the central hole of the blood outlet collector is provided with a second internal thread, and the second external thread is screwed and fastened with the second internal thread. After the structure is adopted, the installation, the disassembly and the sealing between the variable-diameter organic glass cylinder or the variable-diameter organic glass tube and the blood inlet distributor and the blood outlet collector are more convenient, and if a sealing strip is adopted to seal the internal and external threads, the stable and reliable work of the blood inlet distributor and the blood outlet collector is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of a hollow fiber bioreactor of an artificial liver according to the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a section B-B in FIG. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic (longitudinal cross-section) of hollow fiber bioreactor fluid flow for a prior art artificial liver.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of convective mass transfer pressure differential generation in a hollow fiber bioreactor of a prior art artificial liver.

FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of a hollow fiber bioreactor for an artificial liver according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view (longitudinal section) of pressure points in a hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of pressure distribution in a hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the present invention.

Shown in the figure:

the prior art is as follows:

1 ', a blood inlet, 2', a blood inlet distributor, 3 ', a colloid sealing structure, 4', a hollow fiber tube, 5 ', a porous fiber membrane, 6', a blood outlet collector, 7 ', a blood outlet, 8', a nutrient solution inlet, 9 ', a nutrient solution outlet, 10', a circular organic glass tube, 11 ', an inner cavity, 12' and an outer cavity;

the invention comprises the following steps:

1. blood inlet, 2, blood inlet distributor, 3, colloid seal structure, 4, hollow fiber tube, 5, porous fiber membrane, 6, blood outlet collector, 7, blood outlet, 8, nutrient solution inlet tube, 9, nutrient solution outlet tube, 13, variable diameter round tube, 14, round hose, 15, fluid inlet, 16, fluid outlet.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It is to be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to aid understanding of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the respective embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the hollow fiber bioreactor of the prior art artificial liver was first roughly analyzed:

as shown in fig. 1, the hollow fiber bioreactor of the prior art artificial liver comprises a blood inlet 1 ', a blood inlet distributor 2 ', a colloid sealing structure 3 ', a hollow fiber tube 4 ', a blood outlet collector 6 ', a blood outlet 7 ', a nutrient solution inlet 8 ', a nutrient solution outlet 9 ', a circular cylinder such as a circular organic glass tube 10 ', and the like, wherein the hollow fiber tube 4 is made of a porous fiber membrane 5. The colloid sealing structure 3' can be called as a potting colloid material, and a super colloid sealing structure can be adopted.

In fig. 2, 11 ' is an inner cavity, i.e., the inner space of the hollow fiber tube 4 ', and 12 ' is an outer cavity, i.e., the space between the circular plexiglass tube 10 ' and the hollow fiber tube 4 '.

As shown in FIG. 3, which shows an enlarged structure of a single hollow fiber tube 4 ', the blood with toxin of the patient enters from the blood inlet 1 ', flows through the blood inlet distributor 2 ' and then enters into the hollow fiber tube 4 ', i.e. the inner cavity 11 ', and then flows through the blood outlet collector 6 ' and then flows out from the blood outlet 7 '. Nutrient solution enters from a nutrient solution inlet 8 ', flows through a peripheral gap between the hollow fiber tube 4 ' and the circular organic glass tube 10 ', namely the outer cavity 12 ', and then flows out from a nutrient solution outlet 9 '.

As shown in fig. 4, the patient's blood flows through the inner lumen 11 ' of the hollow fiber tube 4 with a gradual pressure decrease in the direction of blood flow, while the nutrient solution flows through the outer lumen 12 ' in the direction opposite to the direction of blood flow with a gradual pressure decrease in the direction of nutrient solution flow. The pressure of the blood and the nutrient solution is controlled, for example, the pressure of the blood at the inlet of the inner cavity 11 ' is approximately the same as the pressure of the nutrient solution at the inlet of the outer cavity 12 ', as shown in fig. 4, the solid line is a graph of pressure drop in the inner cavity along the blood flowing direction, and the dotted line is a graph of pressure drop along the nutrient solution flowing direction, so that a pressure difference is generated between two sides of the porous fiber membrane 5 ' along the flowing direction, specifically: along the first half section of the blood flowing direction, namely the left arrow area in fig. 4, the pressure in the inner cavity is higher than the pressure in the outer cavity, and the toxin in the blood generates convection mass transfer under the action of pressure difference, is transmitted to the outer cavity from the inner cavity through the porous fiber membrane 5 and flows out along with the nutrient solution in the outer cavity, thereby realizing the detoxification effect; the second half section along the blood flowing direction or the first half section along the nutrient solution flowing direction is the arrow area on the right side in fig. 4, the pressure of the outer cavity 12 'is larger than that of the inner cavity 11', the nutrient substance in the nutrient solution generates convection mass transfer under the action of pressure difference, the nutrient substance is transmitted to the inner cavity from the outer cavity through the porous fiber membrane 5, the detoxified blood is supplemented with business substance, and finally, the business substance flows back to the human body. Therefore, the existing artificial liver completely depends on the difference of the flow directions of blood and nutrient solution to generate pressure difference, so as to realize convective mass transfer and toxin removal.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7.

The invention relates to a hollow fiber bioreactor of an artificial liver, which comprises a blood inlet distributor 2 connected with two ends of a circular cylinder and provided with a blood inlet 1 and a blood outlet collector 6 provided with a blood outlet 7, wherein the center in the circular cylinder is provided with a plurality of hollow fiber tubes 4 made of hollow fiber membranes 5, and a colloid sealing structure 3 is arranged between the outer sides of two ends of each hollow fiber tube 4 and the inner wall of the circular cylinder. The hollow fiber tubes 4 are also called hollow fiber tube bundles. The above structure is the same as the structure of the prior art.

The invention is characterized in that:

the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver also comprises a round hose 14 sleeved outside all the hollow fiber tubes 4, and two ends of the round hose 14 are fixedly connected and sealed with the colloid sealing structure 3. The circular cylinder is a variable-diameter circular cylinder 13, the diameter of one end close to the blood distributor 2 is small, the diameter of one end close to the blood outlet collector 6 is large, arc transition is performed between the small-diameter cylinder and the large-diameter cylinder, the nutrient solution inlet pipe 8 penetrating and fixedly sealing the wall of the large-diameter cylinder is communicated with the hose 14, the nutrient solution outlet pipe 9 penetrating and fixedly sealing the wall of the small-diameter cylinder is also communicated with the hose 14, if holes penetrating through the nutrient solution pipes are formed in the wall of the large-diameter cylinder and the wall of the small-diameter cylinder, the nutrient solution pipes penetrate through the respective holes, and the nutrient solution pipes are fixed and sealed by strong glue. The large diameter cylinder wall has a fluid inlet 15 and the small diameter cylinder wall has a fluid outlet 16.

Fluid flows in from the fluid inlet 15, and according to the Bernoulli principle, when the fluid flows from the large-diameter cylinder to the small-diameter cylinder with the reduced cross section, the flow velocity is increased due to the fact that the cross section is reduced, the fluid pressure is reduced, the pressure on the outer side of the circular hose 14 is smaller than the pressure on the inner side of the circular hose 14, the circular hose 14 on the inner side of the small-diameter cylinder is propped open towards the outer side of the circular hose 14, the volume of the circular hose 14 close to the nutrient solution outlet pipe 9 is increased, partial vacuum is formed, the nutrient solution pressure in the circular hose 14 is reduced, the pressure difference between blood in the hollow fiber pipe 4 and nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber pipe 4 is increased, and toxins can more easily penetrate through the hollow fiber membrane 5 from the blood side and enter the nutrient solution side.

The fluid may be compressed air, nitrogen or a nutrient solution.

The circular tube 14 is preferably a medical latex tube or a medical silicone tube.

A nutrient solution outlet tube 9 is adjacent to the blood inlet distributor 2 and a nutrient solution inlet tube 8 is adjacent to the blood outlet collector 6.

The fluid outlet 16, e.g., gas outlet, on the small-diameter cylindrical wall is close to the blood inlet distributor 2, and the fluid inlet 15, e.g., gas inlet, on the large-diameter cylindrical wall is close to the blood outlet collector 6.

The circular section of thick bamboo 13 of reducing is preferably a reducing organic glass section of thick bamboo, and a path section of thick bamboo is whole with a big footpath section of thick bamboo integrated into one piece, and the arc is passed through between a transition section of thick bamboo and the path section of thick bamboo, also the arc is passed through between a transition section of thick bamboo and the big footpath section of thick bamboo. The reducing organic glass cylinder is also called as a reducing organic glass tube.

The diameter-variable round cylinder 13 is provided with a first external thread at the outer end of a small-diameter cylinder like the diameter-variable organic glass cylinder, the central hole of the blood inlet distributor 2 is provided with a first internal thread, and the first external thread and the first internal thread are screwed and fastened. The outer end of the large-diameter barrel of the variable-diameter organic glass barrel is provided with a second external thread, the central hole of the blood outlet collector 6 is provided with a second internal thread, and the second external thread is screwed and fastened with the second internal thread.

The hollow fiber bioreactor for artificial liver of the present invention is further described with reference to fig. 5, 6 and 7.

As shown in fig. 5, the variable-diameter circular cylinder 13 can be regarded as a venturi tube as a variable-diameter plexiglas tube. According to the bernoulli principle, when a fluid with a certain flow rate flows through a flow cross section with a small cross section area, the fluid pressure is reduced due to the increase of the flow speed, namely, the phenomenon of venturi phenomenon appears or called occurs. In the invention, fluid such as compressed air or nitrogen or nutrient solution flows in from a fluid inlet 15, then flows through a variable-diameter round cylinder 13 such as a variable-diameter organic glass tube, when the fluid flows from a large tube to a small tube part with a reduced cross section, the gas flow rate is increased, the fluid pressure is reduced, the pressure of the round hose 14 is larger than the pressure outside the round hose 14, the round hose 14 is outwards stretched, the volume of the round hose 14 close to a nutrient solution outlet pipe 9 is increased, the fluid pressure of the nutrient solution in the round hose 14 is reduced, which is equivalent to increasing the pressure difference between the blood in the hollow fiber tube 4 and the nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube 4, so that toxins can more easily enter the nutrient solution side from the blood side through the porous fiber membrane 5, and can be understood that the toxins can more easily enter the external cavity 12 'similar to the prior art from the internal cavity 11' similar to the prior art and flow out along with the nutrient solution outlet pipe 9, the detoxification effect is obviously enhanced.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating pressure distribution in the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the present invention, wherein P1 and P2 are pressure near the blood inlet 1 and pressure near the blood outlet 7 in the hollow fiber tube 4, respectively, P3 and P4 are pressure near the nutrient solution inlet tube 8 and pressure near the nutrient solution outlet tube 9, respectively, and P5 and P6 are pressure near the inlet of the fluid 15 and pressure near the fluid outlet 16, respectively. In the specific implementation process, the pressure of the P1, the P3 and the P5 is approximately equal by regulating the entering speed or the flow rate of the blood, the nutrient solution and the fluid, because the pressure of the blood, the nutrient solution and the fluid is gradually reduced along the respective flowing directions, and because the fluid flows into the small-diameter part from the large-diameter part of the variable-diameter circular cylinder 13, such as the plexiglas tube with the variable diameter, the venturi effect occurs or appears, the pressure of the fluid is reduced more or more, so that the pressure of P4 is greater than that of P6, the circular tube 14 near the nutrient solution outlet tube 9 is expanded outward, so that the volume of the circular tube 14 near the nutrient solution outlet tube 9 is increased, a partial vacuum is formed, the fluid pressure of the nutrient solution in the circular hose 14 becomes small, which is equivalent to increasing the pressure difference between the blood in the hollow fiber tube 4 and the nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube 4, so that the toxin can more easily pass through the porous fiber membrane 5 from the blood side to the nutrient solution side. Therefore, the pressure relationships among P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6 are approximately P1 ≈ P3 ≈ P5, the pressures of P1, P3, P5 are respectively greater than P2, P4, P6, and P4 is greater than P6.

The pressure distribution diagram in the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the present invention is substantially as shown in fig. 7, the solid line from P1 to P2 is the graph of the pressure drop of blood in the hollow fiber tube 4 along the direction of blood flow, the circled line from P3 to P4 is the graph of the pressure drop of nutrient solution along the direction of nutrient solution flow, the box line from P5 to P6 is the graph of the pressure drop of fluid along the direction of gas flow, and the dotted line is the graph of the pressure drop of nutrient solution along the direction of nutrient solution flow in the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the prior art, it can be seen that the first half of the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the present invention along the direction of blood flow, i.e., the left arrow region in fig. 7, the pressure difference between blood in the hollow fiber tube 4 and nutrient solution outside the hollow fiber tube 4 is much greater than that of the hollow fiber bioreactor of the artificial liver of the prior art, toxins more easily pass through the porous fiber membrane 5 from the blood side to the nutrient solution side in a mass transfer manner, and flows out along with the nutrient solution outlet pipe 9, thereby obviously enhancing the detoxification effect and improving the detoxification efficiency of the artificial liver.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.