阅读说明：本技术 一种用于边坡滑坡治理的梁-锚组合加固方法 (Beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide control ) 是由 张春 刁虎 周生 代永新 赖桂华 林毅斌 李永财 唐维凯 赵武鹍 张思佳 毛思羽 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于边坡滑坡治理的梁-锚组合加固方法,在边坡体表层铺设H型钢竖梁(1),在H型钢锚杆(6)的翼端外边缘焊接节点板(5),在H型钢竖梁(1)腹部的下孔位置加设一层垫板(2),通过下孔螺栓(4)将H型钢锚杆(6)、节点板(5)、H型钢竖梁(1)、垫板(2)连接一起；将钢筋锚杆(9)通过H型钢竖梁(1)腹部开设的上孔插入到边坡体内的钻孔中,将钢筋锚杆(9)通过上孔螺栓(10)与H型钢竖梁(1)连接一起,从而将H型钢锚杆(6)、钢筋锚杆(9)与边坡表层的H型钢竖梁(1)构成整体,形成梁-锚支护体系,承受滑体的弯、剪、拉作用。本发明方法具有施工方便、周期短、加固体系受力均匀合理、节约投资等特点。(The invention discloses a beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide control, which comprises the steps of paving an H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) on the surface layer of a slope, welding a gusset plate (5) on the outer edge of the wing end of an H-shaped steel anchor rod (6), additionally arranging a base plate (2) at the lower hole position of the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1), and connecting the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6), the gusset plate (5), the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) and the base plate (2) together through a lower hole bolt (4); the method is characterized in that a steel bar anchor rod (9) is inserted into a drilled hole in a side slope body through an upper hole formed in the belly of an H-shaped steel vertical beam (1), the steel bar anchor rod (9) is connected with the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) through an upper hole bolt (10), and therefore the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6), the steel bar anchor rod (9) and the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) on the surface layer of the side slope form a whole to form a beam-anchor supporting system to bear the bending, shearing and pulling effects of a sliding body. The method has the characteristics of convenient construction, short period, uniform and reasonable stress of the reinforcing system, investment saving and the like.)

1. A beam-anchor combination reinforcing method for slope landslide control is characterized in that: the reinforcing and supporting structure who adopts includes H shaped steel vertical beam (1), H shaped steel stock (6), reinforcing bar stock (9) to adopt following step implementation:

1) firstly, drilling holes in a side slope body, wherein the size of the hole diameter, the depth of the drilled holes and the distance between the drilled holes are determined according to the design;

2) laying an H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) on the surface layer of the side slope, wherein the abdomen of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) is provided with an upper hole and a lower hole at intervals, and the distance between the two holes corresponds to the distance between two adjacent drill holes in the side slope;

3) the outer edge of the wing end of the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) is welded with a gusset plate (5), the gusset plate (5) and the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) are perpendicular to form a T shape, small holes are respectively formed in the positions, located on two sides of the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6), on the gusset plate (5), the surfaces of the edges of the small holes of the gusset plate (5) are welded with nuts, and the nuts are welded on the lower surface of the gusset plate (5); inserting an H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) into a drilled hole in a side slope body through a lower hole formed in the abdomen of an H-shaped steel vertical beam (1); the type selection of the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) is determined according to the shear stress of the sliding body;

4) a layer of base plate (2) is additionally arranged at the lower hole position of the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1), two small holes are formed in the base plate (2), two small holes are also formed in the web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1), the two small holes in the base plate (2) and the two small holes in the web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) are the same in pore size and correspond to the positions of the two small holes in the gusset plate (5); nuts are welded on the outer surfaces of the peripheries of the two small holes on the backing plate (2); the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6), the gusset plate (5), the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) and the base plate (2) are connected together through the down-hole bolt (4), and the down-hole bolt (4) and a nut are fixed together through welding, so that the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) and the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) paved on the surface layer of the side slope are connected into a whole;

5) inserting a steel bar anchor rod (9) into a drilled hole in a side slope body through an upper hole formed in the belly of an H-shaped steel vertical beam (1), connecting the steel bar anchor rod (9) with the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) through an upper hole bolt (10), and welding and fixing the upper hole bolt (10) and the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1), so that the steel bar anchor rod (9) and the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) paved on the surface layer of the side slope are connected into a whole; the diameter of the steel bar anchor rod (9) is determined according to the design sliding force;

6) cement mortar (8) is injected into the drilled hole in the side slope body, so that the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) and the drilled hole as well as the steel bar anchor rod (9) and the drilled hole are integrated.

2. The beam-anchor combination reinforcing method for slope landslide governance according to claim 1, wherein: plain concrete (3) is sprayed on the surface of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1).

3. The beam-anchor combination reinforcing method for slope landslide governance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the H-shaped steel anchor rod (6) is supported by the support frame (7) and is inserted into a drilled hole in the side slope body through a lower hole in the abdomen of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1).

4. The beam-anchor combination reinforcing method for slope landslide governance according to claim 3, wherein: the steel bar anchor rods (9) are also supported by the support frames (7) and are inserted into the drill holes in the side slopes through the upper holes in the abdomen of the H-shaped steel vertical beams (1).

5. The beam-anchor combination reinforcing method for slope landslide governance according to claim 4, wherein: the aperture of the two small holes in the base plate (2), the two small holes in the web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam (1) and the aperture of the two small holes in the gusset plate (5) are 20-30 mm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope treatment, and particularly relates to a method for reinforcing and treating a slope by adopting a beam-anchor combination, which is suitable for treating landslides of various slopes, in particular to reinforcing and treating rocky slopes.

Background

Along with the rapid development of economy in China, the scientific and technical level is continuously improved, the capability of human beings for transforming natural activities is stronger and stronger, the caused geological disaster activities are increased continuously, the probability that the human activities meet or cause geological disasters is high for a long time, and the geological disasters of China as one of multiple countries of mine geological disasters have the characteristics of multiple types, large scale, wide distribution, serious disasters, wide influence range and the like. The main expression types are: collapse, landslide, debris flow and the like, so it is necessary to continue to reduce the casualties and property loss caused by geological disasters by gradually improving the comprehensive prevention and control capability of the geological disasters.

At present, the slope landslide treatment technology mainly comprises drainage, slope cutting and load reduction, slope pressing of block stone materials, anchor rod (cable) reinforcement, retaining wall support, anti-slide piles and the like. Among a plurality of governing technologies, slope cutting and load shedding, rock block slope pressing and drainage are economical and effective for governing landslide, and when landslide is generated, the method is preferentially adopted. When the landslide does not have the condition of slope cutting or slope pressing, the reinforcement and treatment of the anchor rod (cable) is taken as a passive reinforcement and treatment measure, has the characteristics of simplicity, practicability, economy and safety, and is often selected in the slope reinforcement and treatment. However, the anchor rod (cable) is easy to have stress relaxation and the like in the process of slope reinforcement treatment, so that the slope reinforcement is failed. The combined supporting system of the reinforced concrete frame beam and the anchor rod (cable) can effectively enhance the integrity of the reinforced rock body and increase the reinforcing treatment effect, and is widely applied to landslide treatment. However, practical applications show that the reinforced anchor rod and reinforced concrete beam combined system has the following disadvantages:

(1) the stress mode of the anchor rod steel bar is mainly tensile, and the shear strength and the rigidity are obviously insufficient;

(2) the traditional reinforced concrete frame beam needs formwork erecting, binding, steel bar welding and concrete pouring on the slope surface, and has various working procedures, difficult construction and long period;

(3) the bearing capacity of the steel bar anchor rod is low, the residual sliding force of the sliding body is offset, the number of drilled holes and steel bars needs to be increased, and the cost is increased.

The Chinese utility model patent ZL201620606517.x discloses a pile-anchor-beam integrated structure suitable for treating landslide of non-coal strip mine, which comprises a frame beam arranged on the surface of the landslide body, 2-5 rows of anchor cables, a row of anchor rods and a row of steel rail piles, wherein the anchor cables, the row of anchor rods and the row of steel rail piles penetrate through the landslide body and are presumed to be arranged in bedrock; the steel rail piles are arranged at the bottom of the side slope, the anchor rods are arranged at the lower part of the side slope, and the anchor cables are arranged at the middle upper part of the side slope; the outer anchor ends of the anchor cables, the anchor rods and the steel rail piles are respectively connected with the cross-shaped parts of the frame beam cross beams and the frame beam longitudinal beams, so that a pile-anchor-beam integrated structure for treating the side slope landslide of the non-coal open-pit mine is formed. The pile-anchor-beam integrated structure improves the integral stress state of the reinforcing body, avoids the failure of slope reinforcement treatment caused by the loosening failure of individual anchor cables and anchor rods and the reduction of the shear strength of a reinforcing system, and still has the problems of weak bearing capacity to external complex load, complicated construction procedures and the like.

In order to ensure the reasonability and harmony of the whole stress of the reinforcing system, reduce the construction period, simplify the construction process, save the investment, reasonably make a slope treatment scheme, optimize an anchor rod-beam combined system and increase the group anchor effect, the beam-anchor frame type combined reinforcing method suitable for slope landslide treatment is particularly necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to mainly solve the problems that an anchor rod (cable) is easy to have stress relaxation, weak bearing capacity or shear strength to external complex load or insufficient rigidity, complex construction procedures and the like in the slope reinforcement and treatment process in the prior art, and provides a beam-anchor combined reinforcement method for slope landslide treatment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention relates to a beam-anchor combined reinforcement method for slope landslide control, which replaces an original reinforced concrete beam by an H-shaped steel vertical beam, converts an original single reinforced anchor rod into a combined mode of the reinforced anchor rod and an H-shaped steel anchor rod, and specifically adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide control, which is characterized in that a reinforcing and supporting structure comprises an H-shaped steel vertical beam, an H-shaped steel anchor rod and a steel bar anchor rod, and the method is implemented by adopting the following steps:

1) firstly, drilling holes in a side slope body, wherein the size of the hole diameter, the depth of the drilled holes and the distance between the drilled holes are determined according to the design.

2) Laying an H-shaped steel vertical beam on a surface layer of the slope to be reinforced, wherein an upper hole and a lower hole are formed in the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam at intervals, and the distance between the two holes corresponds to the distance between two adjacent drill holes in the slope; the type of the H-shaped steel vertical beam is determined according to the design.

3) Welding a gusset plate on the outer edge of the wing end of the H-shaped steel anchor rod, wherein the gusset plate and the H-shaped steel anchor rod are perpendicular to form a T shape, small holes are respectively formed in the positions, located on two sides of the H-shaped steel anchor rod, on the gusset plate, nuts are welded on the surface of the edge of the small hole of the gusset plate, and the nuts are welded on the lower surface of the gusset plate; inserting an H-shaped steel anchor rod into a drilled hole in a side slope body through lower holes formed in the abdomen of an H-shaped steel vertical beam at intervals; the type selection of the H-shaped steel anchor rod is determined according to the shear stress of the sliding body.

4) A layer of base plate is additionally arranged at the lower hole position of the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam, two small holes are formed in the base plate, two small holes are also formed in the web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam, and the two small holes in the base plate and the two small holes in the web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam are the same in pore size and correspond to the two small holes in the gusset plate in position; nuts are welded on the outer surfaces of the peripheries of the two small holes on the backing plate; the H-shaped steel anchor rod, the gusset plate, the H-shaped steel vertical beam and the base plate are connected together through the lower hole bolt, and the lower hole bolt and the nut are fixed together through welding, so that the H-shaped steel anchor rod and the H-shaped steel vertical beam paved on the surface layer of the side slope are connected into a whole; the two small holes on the backing plate, the two small holes on the H-shaped steel vertical beam web plate and the gusset plate) have the same aperture, generally 20-30 mm, and usually 20mm is selected.

5) Inserting a steel bar anchor rod into a drilled hole in the side slope body through an upper hole formed in the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam, connecting the steel bar anchor rod with the H-shaped steel vertical beam through an upper hole bolt, and welding and fixing the upper hole bolt and the H-shaped steel vertical beam, so that the steel bar anchor rod and the H-shaped steel vertical beam paved on the surface layer of the side slope are connected into a whole; the diameter of the steel bar anchor rod is determined according to the design gliding force, namely the tensile acting force borne by the steel bar anchor rod, and the aperture of an upper hole formed in the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam is equal to the diameter of the steel bar anchor rod.

6) And cement mortar is injected into the drilled hole in the side slope body, so that the H-shaped steel anchor rod and the drilled hole as well as the reinforcing steel anchor rod and the drilled hole are integrated, and the H-shaped steel vertical beam, the base plate, the H-shaped steel anchor rod, the node plate, the reinforcing steel anchor rod, the lower hole bolt, the upper hole bolt, the cement mortar and the side slope body jointly form an integrated beam-anchor combined reinforcing structure.

In order to prevent the corrosion of the H-shaped steel vertical beam, plain concrete is sprayed on the surface of the H-shaped steel vertical beam.

In order to prevent the large-area contact of the H-shaped steel anchor rod and the rock mass in the drilled hole, the H-shaped steel anchor rod is supported by the support frame and is inserted into the drilled hole in the side slope body through the lower hole in the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam, so that after grouting is conducted on the drilled hole, the rock wall in the drilled hole and the H-shaped steel anchor rod can be in full contact with cement mortar, and the pulling resistance of the cement mortar is enhanced. Similarly, in order to prevent the large-area contact of the steel bar anchor rod and the rock mass in the drill hole, the steel bar anchor rod adopts the support frame to support and inserts into the drill hole in the side slope body through the upper hole of the abdomen of the H-shaped steel vertical beam, so that after grouting the drill hole, the rock wall in the drill hole and the steel bar anchor rod can fully contact cement mortar, and the pulling resistance of the cement mortar is enhanced.

Through the procedures, the H-shaped steel anchor rod, the steel bar anchor rod and the H-shaped steel vertical beam on the surface layer of the side slope form a whole to form a beam-anchor supporting system to bear the bending, shearing and pulling effects of the sliding body.

The beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide control has the following positive effects after the technical scheme is adopted:

(1) the stress system is converted into a mode of combining an H-shaped steel anchor rod and a steel anchor rod by a single steel anchor rod, so that the shearing resistance, the rigidity and the bearing capacity are greatly enhanced;

(2) the reinforced concrete frame beam is replaced by the H-shaped steel vertical beam, so that the construction is simple and convenient, the period is short, and the investment is saved;

(3) in the practice of slope management, an anchoring combination system combining a steel bar anchor rod, an H-shaped steel anchor rod and an H-shaped steel beam is adopted, the steel bar anchor rod, the H-shaped steel anchor rod and the H-shaped steel beam act on a slope sliding body simultaneously under the synergistic action of the steel bar anchor rod, the H-shaped steel anchor rod and the H-shaped steel beam, the stress is reasonable and coordinated, the supporting effect is very obvious, and therefore the slope management scheme is optimized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a combined support of a beam-anchor combined reinforcement method for slope landslide control according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a combined supporting elevation of the beam-anchor combined reinforcement method for slope landslide control of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an H-section steel anchor rod used in the method of the present invention, i.e., a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a rebar anchor employed in the method of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-H-shaped steel vertical beam; 2-a backing plate; 3-plain concrete; 4-down-hole bolt; 5-gusset plate; 6-H shaped steel anchor rod; 7-a support frame; 8-cement mortar; 9-steel bar anchor rod; 10-upper hole bolt.

Detailed Description

For further description of the present invention, the following will describe in detail a beam-anchor combination reinforcement method for slope landslide control according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The combined supporting section view of the beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide improvement shown in figure 1 is combined with figures 2, 3 and 4, and the adopted reinforcing and supporting system comprises an H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, a backing plate 2, plain concrete 3, a lower hole bolt 4, a node plate 5, an H-shaped steel anchor rod 6, a support frame 7, cement mortar 8, a steel bar anchor rod 9 and an upper hole bolt 10, wherein the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 and the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 are connected together through the backing plate 2, the node plate 5, the lower hole bolt 4 and the upper hole bolt 10 to form a whole, so that the beam-anchor supporting system is formed and bears the load action of a slope landslide body.

The specific implementation procedures are as follows:

1) firstly, carrying out manual mechanical drilling in a side slope body, wherein the aperture size, the drilling depth and the distance between drilled holes are determined according to design;

2) laying an H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 on the surface layer of the side slope, and arranging an upper hole and a lower hole at the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 at intervals, wherein the distance between the two holes corresponds to the distance between two adjacent drill holes in the side slope;

3) the outer edge of the wing end of the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 is welded with a gusset plate 5, the gusset plate 5 and the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 are perpendicular to form a T-shaped whole, small holes are respectively formed in the positions, located on two sides of the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6, on the gusset plate 5, nuts are welded on the surface of the edge of the small hole of the gusset plate 5, and the nuts are welded on the lower surface of the gusset plate 5; inserting an H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 into a drilled hole in a side slope body through a lower hole formed in the abdomen of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1; the type selection of the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 is determined according to the shear stress of the sliding body; in order to prevent large-area contact of the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 and the rock mass in the drill hole, the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 is supported by the support frame 7 and is inserted into the drill hole in the side slope body through the lower hole of the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, so that after grouting is conducted on the drill hole, the rock wall in the drill hole and the H-shaped steel anchor rod can be in full contact with cement mortar 8, and the pulling resistance of the cement mortar is enhanced.

4) A layer of base plate 2 is additionally arranged at the lower hole position of the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, two small holes are formed in the base plate 2, and the hole diameter is 20 mm; two small holes are also formed in a web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, and the two small holes in the base plate 2, the two small holes in the web plate of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 and the two small holes in the gusset plate 5 have the same aperture size and correspond to each other in position; nuts are also welded on the outer surfaces around the two small holes on the backing plate 2; through down hole bolt 4 with H shaped steel stock 6, gusset plate 5, H shaped steel vertical beam 1, backing plate 2 connect together to through welding mode with down hole bolt 4 with the nut is fixed together, thereby connect into whole with H shaped steel vertical beam 1 that H shaped steel stock 6 and side slope top layer were laid.

5) Inserting a steel bar anchor rod 9 into a drilled hole in a side slope body through an upper hole formed in the belly of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, connecting the steel bar anchor rod 9 with the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 through an upper hole bolt 10, and welding and fixing the upper hole bolt 10 with the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, so that the steel bar anchor rod 9 and the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 paved on the surface layer of the side slope are connected into a whole; the diameter of the steel bar anchor rod 9 is determined according to the design sliding force; in order to prevent the large-area contact of the steel bar anchor rod 9 and the rock mass in the drill hole, the steel bar anchor rod 9 is supported by the support frame 7 and is inserted into the drill hole in the side slope body through the upper hole in the abdomen of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, so that after grouting is performed on the drill hole, the rock wall in the drill hole and the steel bar anchor rod 9 can be in full contact with cement mortar, and the pulling resistance of the cement mortar is enhanced.

6) Cement mortar 8 is injected into the drilled hole in the side slope body, so that the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6 and the drilled hole, and the steel bar anchor rod 9 and the drilled hole are integrated.

Through the procedures, the H-shaped steel anchor rod 6, the reinforcing steel bar anchor rod 9 and the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1 on the surface layer of the side slope form a whole to form a beam-anchor supporting system to bear the bending, shearing and pulling effects of the sliding body.

In order to prevent the corrosion of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1, plain concrete 3 is sprayed on the surface of the H-shaped steel vertical beam 1.

It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top/bottom", etc. of the present invention indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide control is tested and verified in slope landslide control of certain iron ore at home and certain overseas copper ore controlled by Chinese enterprises, and practical application results show that the beam-anchor combined reinforcing and supporting system fully utilizes the mechanical characteristics of strong tensile strength and bending resistance of a steel bar anchor rod and strong shearing resistance, rigidity and the like of an H-shaped steel anchor rod, and has reasonable, uniform and coordinated stress and very obvious supporting effect; and the H-shaped steel vertical beam is used for replacing a reinforced concrete beam, and the method has the advantages of simple construction, short construction period, low investment cost and the like. The beam-anchor combined reinforcing method for slope landslide control can be widely applied to different (rock) soil bodies, particularly rock slopes.