阅读说明：本技术 一种太阳能和霄耦合加热的生物质干燥系统及其使用方法 (Solar energy and trumpet creeper coupled heating biomass drying system and using method thereof ) 是由 肖波 王训 蒋聪 许婷婷 贾永胜 徐东辉 吴琼 王英杰 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于生物质利用技术领域,具体涉及一种太阳能和霄耦合加热的生物质干燥系统及其使用方法。本发明生物质干燥系统,包括太阳房、霄燃烧室和分料箱,所述太阳房包括干燥室、阶梯式输送带和烘干墙,所述阶梯式输送带能够将通过生物质燃料进口进入干燥室的生物质燃料输送至生物质燃料出口所述干燥室包括透光材料形成的墙壁和与透光材料贴合的热光耦合器,所述热光耦合器能够测量太阳光照强度和太阳房房内温度；本发明充分利用天然太阳光照和生物质粉碎制得微米燃料所提供热源进行有机结合,最大程度上提高了能源的利用效率,避免使用生物质不间断燃烧所造成的能源浪费和单独使用太阳能所面临间歇性问题所导致的效率低下问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass drying system heated by coupling of solar energy and trumpetcreeper and a using method thereof. The biomass drying system comprises a solar house, a Chinese trumpet creeper combustion chamber and a material distribution box, wherein the solar house comprises a drying chamber, a stepped conveying belt and a drying wall, the stepped conveying belt can convey biomass fuel entering the drying chamber through a biomass fuel inlet to a biomass fuel outlet, the drying chamber comprises a wall formed by a light-transmitting material and a thermo-optical coupler attached to the light-transmitting material, and the thermo-optical coupler can measure the solar illumination intensity and the temperature in the solar house; the invention makes full use of the natural solar illumination and the heat source provided by micron fuel prepared by crushing biomass for organic combination, improves the utilization efficiency of energy to the maximum extent, and avoids the problems of energy waste caused by uninterrupted combustion of biomass and low efficiency caused by intermittent problem of independent use of solar energy.)

1. The biomass drying system capable of heating by coupling solar energy and Chinese trumpet creeps is characterized by comprising a solar house (1), a Chinese trumpet creeps combustion chamber (2) and a material distribution box (3), wherein the solar house (1) comprises a drying chamber (4), a stepped conveying belt (5) and a drying wall (6), the stepped conveying belt (5) can convey biomass fuel entering the drying chamber (4) through a biomass fuel inlet (7) to a biomass fuel outlet (8), the drying chamber (4) comprises a wall formed by a light-transmitting material and a thermo-optical coupler (10) attached to the light-transmitting material, and the thermo-optical coupler (10) can measure solar illumination intensity and temperature in the solar house;

the biomass fuel outlet (8) of the solar house (1) is connected with the material distribution box (3) through a material distribution box inlet pipe (11), the material distribution box (3) comprises a box body, a sliding groove (12), a partition plate (13) and a box body outlet (14), the sliding groove (12) is arranged at the bottom in the box body, the partition plate (13) can move along the sliding groove (12) and divide the material distribution box (3) into a combustion interval and a drying interval, and the drying interval is connected with a biomass fuel collecting device through the box body outlet (14);

the trumpet creeper combustion chamber (2) comprises a combustion furnace, the combustion furnace is communicated with a drying wall (6) of the solar house (1) through an air outlet pipe (17), the drying wall (6) is provided with air injection holes (19), the air outlet pipe (17) is provided with an air supply fan (18), the trumpet creeper combustion chamber (2) is communicated with a combustion area through a combustion chamber feeding pipe (15), and the combustion chamber feeding pipe (15) is provided with a feeding fan (16).

2. Biomass drying system according to claim 1, characterised in that the stepped conveyor belt (5) is provided with several levels of horizontal conveyor belts in the direction of gravity, which conveyor belts can cooperate with the conveyor belt that drops the biomass fuel from the upper level to the lower level, the lowermost conveyor belt being able to deliver the biomass fuel to the biomass fuel outlet (8).

3. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that the stepped conveyor belt (5) is provided with several layers of horizontally intersecting conveyor belts in the direction of gravity, the horizontal intersection angle of two adjacent layers of conveyor belts being 30 ° -45 °.

4. The biomass drying system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the stepped conveyor belt (5) is driven by a roller shaft, which can control the moving speed of the conveyor belt, and the number of the conveyor belts is 3-4.

5. Biomass drying system according to claim 1, characterised in that a ventilation net for preventing biomass particles from entering is installed in the air jet (19).

6. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a dust collector (20), said dust collector (20) communicating with the top of the solar house (1) through a connecting pipe (21), with the outside environment through an exhaust pipe (22), and with the distribution box (3) through a collecting pipe (23).

7. Biomass drying system according to claim 1, characterized in that a crusher (24) is arranged in the biomass fuel outlet (8).

8. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, wherein the light transmittance of the light-transmitting material is 92% or more, and preferably, the light-transmitting material is any one of a plastic film, a transparent plastic tile and a transparent glass.

9. The biomass drying system of claim 1, further comprising a control system capable of controlling the temperature of the solar house between a lower temperature limit and an upper temperature limit, in particular as follows: when the temperature of the solar house is lower than the lower limit temperature, the control system is started to reduce the rotating speed of the stepped conveying belt (5), micron fuel in a combustion zone is sent into the trumpet creeper combustion chamber (2) to be combusted, and heat generated by combustion is sent into the drying wall (6) and is released through the air injection holes (19) to improve the temperature of the solar house;

when the temperature of the solar house is higher than the upper limit temperature, the control system is started to increase the rotating speed of the stepped conveyor belt (5) and stop delivering the micron fuel in the combustion interval into the trumpet creeper combustion chamber (2).

10. Use of a biomass drying system according to any of claims 1-9, characterised by the following steps:

(1) the biomass fuel to be treated enters a drying chamber through a biomass fuel inlet and moves in a solar house under the action of an electric-driven stepped conveying belt;

(2) the biomass reaches a biomass fuel outlet under the conveying of an electric-driven stepped conveying belt and is crushed into micron trumpet creeper fuel under the action of a crusher;

(4) the micron trumpet creeper fuel enters a material distribution box, and is pushed out of the outlet of the box body to enter a biomass micron trumpet creeper fuel collection device under the action of the movement of the partition plate along the chute;

in the process that the biomass fuel moves in the solar house, the temperature in the solar house is detected through the thermo-optical coupling controller, and the temperature of the solar house can be controlled between the lower limit temperature and the upper limit temperature through the control system;

preferably, the lower limit temperature is 30-35 ℃ and the upper limit temperature is 60-70 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass drying system heated by coupling of solar energy and trumpetcreeper and a using method thereof.

Background

Biomass is considered to be an overlooked energy source and has the characteristics of ubiquity, richness, renewability and the like. The efficient development and utilization of biomass energy play a very positive role in solving the problems of energy and ecological environment. Although the biomass briquette fuel with more applications has the characteristics of low cost, convenient processing and the like, compared with the biomass micron fuel, the biomass briquette fuel has the defects of insufficient combustion, low combustion temperature, easy generation of a large amount of smoke and the like, and the biomass micron fuel has smaller particle size and is more fully contacted with air, so that the combustion speed and the efficiency are greatly improved, and further, higher combustion temperature can be obtained, and the application prospect of the biomass micron fuel is wider. The Xiaobo professor of Huazhong university of science and technology and the team thereof refer to the micron fuel with the particle size of less than 250 microns, which is efficiently produced by biomass, as the trumpet creeper fuel, and the trumpet creeper fuel can realize the combustion at the high temperature of more than 1400 ℃, so that the Chinese trumpet creeper fuel has wide market prospect.

The existing biomass micron fuel drying device generally uses electric heating or solar heating for drying independently, and because a large amount of heat energy needs to be consumed in heating, the energy utilization rate is low, and the waste of resources is caused. CN104880051B discloses a biomass drying system and method for recovering latent heat and sensible heat simultaneously, the system includes: the system comprises a heat regenerator, a heater, a waste heat regenerator, a condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, a working medium pump and a turbine. The waste heat regenerator of the technical scheme can recover most of heat energy absorbed by the heater, and uses the waste heat for the evaporation of the organic working medium in a mode of releasing latent heat and sensible heat in the heater, and the organic working medium still has certain net work to be output outwards under the condition that the turbine does work to meet the power consumption of the working medium pump and the compressor, so that the waste heat regenerator has the advantage of low overall energy consumption, but the device is complex, and the heating efficiency also improves the space.

CN106595250B discloses a biomass torrefaction system and method comprising an inlet for simultaneously receiving biomass particles of different sizes comprising smaller particles and larger particles; a reactor drum configured to rotate about an axis of rotation, the reactor drum having a plurality of flights located therein at a plurality of locations along a longitudinal length of the reactor drum, flights being disposed in the reactor drum at selected locations and densities to adjust a residence time of biomass particles; a heat source located upstream of the reactor drum to heat gas contained in the system to a temperature sufficient to torrefy the biomass particles during operation. According to the technical scheme, biomass particles are introduced into the rotary reactor drum with a low-oxygen environment, a continuous baking process can be realized, but the efficiency of heat exchange engineering of biomass and gas is not high, and an improvement space exists.

Therefore, the prior art still lacks an efficient and energy-saving biomass drying system.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a biomass drying system adopting solar energy and trumpetcreeper coupled heating, aiming at organically combining heat sources provided by micron fuels prepared by natural solar illumination and biomass crushing, and improving the utilization efficiency of energy to the maximum extent, thereby solving the technical problems of low drying efficiency and high energy consumption of the conventional biomass drying system.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a biomass drying system for heating by coupling solar energy with Chinese trumpet creepers, comprising a solar house, a Chinese trumpet creeper combustion chamber and a material distribution box, wherein the solar house comprises a drying chamber, a stepped conveyor belt and a drying wall, the stepped conveyor belt can convey biomass fuel entering the drying chamber through a biomass fuel inlet to a biomass fuel outlet, the drying chamber comprises a wall formed by a light-transmitting material and a thermo-optical coupler attached to the light-transmitting material, and the thermo-optical coupler can measure solar illumination intensity and temperature in the solar house;

the biomass fuel outlet of the solar house is connected with the material distribution box through a material distribution box inlet pipe, the material distribution box comprises a box body, a sliding groove, a partition plate and a box body outlet, the sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the box body, the partition plate can move along the sliding groove and divide the material distribution box into a combustion area and a drying area, and the drying area is connected with the biomass fuel collecting device through the box body outlet;

the trumpet creeper combustion chamber comprises a combustion furnace, the combustion furnace is communicated with a drying wall of the solar house through an air outlet pipe, the drying wall is provided with air jet holes, the air outlet pipe is provided with an air supply fan, the trumpet creeper combustion chamber is communicated with a combustion zone through a combustion chamber feeding pipe, and the combustion chamber feeding pipe is provided with a feeding fan.

Preferably, the stepped conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of layers of horizontal conveyor belts along the gravity direction, the conveyor belts can be matched with the conveyor belt which enables the biomass fuel to fall from the upper layer of the conveyor belt to the lower layer of the conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt at the lowest layer can convey the biomass fuel to the biomass fuel outlet.

Preferably, the stepped conveyor belt is provided with a plurality of layers of horizontally crossed conveyor belts along the gravity direction, and the horizontal crossing angle of the two adjacent layers of conveyor belts is 30-45 degrees.

Preferably, the stepped conveying belt is driven by a supporting wheel rotating shaft, the supporting wheel rotating shaft can control the movement speed of the conveying belt, and the number of the conveying belts is 3-4.

Preferably, a ventilation net for preventing biomass particles from entering is arranged in the air injection port.

Preferably, the solar energy collecting device further comprises a dust remover, wherein the dust remover is communicated with the top of the solar house through a connecting pipe, communicated with the external environment through an exhaust pipe and communicated with the material distributing box through a collecting pipe.

Preferably, a crusher is arranged in the biomass fuel outlet.

Preferably, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting material is 92% or more, and preferably, the light-transmitting material is any one of a plastic film, a transparent plastic tile and transparent glass.

Preferably, the solar house temperature control system further comprises a control system, wherein the control system can control the temperature of the solar house to be between the lower limit temperature and the upper limit temperature, and the control system specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the solar house is lower than the lower limit temperature, the control system is started to reduce the rotating speed of the stepped conveying belt, micron fuel in a combustion zone is sent into the trumpet creeper combustion chamber to be combusted, and heat generated by combustion is sent into the drying wall and is released through the air injection holes to improve the temperature of the solar house;

when the temperature of the solar house is higher than the upper limit temperature, the control system is started, the rotating speed of the stepped conveyor belt is increased, and micron fuel in the combustion interval is stopped being sent into the trumpet creeper combustion chamber.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of using the biomass drying system described above, comprising the steps of:

(1) the biomass fuel to be treated enters a drying chamber through a biomass fuel inlet and moves in a solar house under the action of an electric-driven stepped conveying belt;

(2) the biomass reaches a biomass fuel outlet under the conveying of an electric-driven stepped conveying belt and is crushed into micron trumpet creeper fuel under the action of a crusher;

(4) the micron trumpet creeper fuel enters a material distribution box, and is pushed out of the outlet of the box body to enter a biomass micron trumpet creeper fuel collection device under the action of the movement of the partition plate along the chute;

in the process that the biomass fuel moves in the solar house, the temperature in the solar house is detected through the thermo-optical coupling controller, and the temperature of the solar house can be controlled between the lower limit temperature and the upper limit temperature through the control system; preferably, the lower limit temperature is 30-35 ℃ and the upper limit temperature is 60-70 ℃.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention can dry the biomass raw material which is primarily processed, fully utilizes natural solar illumination and organically combines a heat source which is provided by micron fuel prepared by crushing biomass, improves the utilization efficiency of energy to the maximum extent, and avoids the problems of energy waste caused by uninterrupted combustion of biomass and low efficiency caused by intermittent problem of independent use of solar energy.

(2) According to the invention, through the matching of the material distribution box, the fan and the control system, a heat source provided by solar energy and micron fuel can be cooperated, so that multi-level fine control is realized, and the drying efficiency is improved.

(3) According to the multilayer reciprocating belt type airing machine, on one hand, the stacking thickness of biomass on the conveying belt can be realized by controlling the conveying speed, on the other hand, the outer layer and the inner layer of stacked biomass are effectively contacted with hot gas due to the fall of the multilayer conveying belt, and the problems that the inner layer of stacked biomass is not sufficiently and uniformly dried and the efficiency is low due to the fact that the biomass is stacked on the surface of the conveying belt are solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stepped belt structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a stepped conveyor belt structure according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein: the device comprises a solar house 1, a trumpet creeper combustion chamber 2, a material distribution box 3, a drying chamber 4, a stepped conveyor belt 5, a drying wall 6, a biomass fuel inlet 7, a biomass fuel outlet 8, a biomass fuel 9, a thermo-optical coupler 10, a material distribution box feeding pipe 11, a chute 12, a partition plate 13, a box body outlet 14, a combustion chamber feeding pipe 15, a feeding fan 16, an air outlet pipe 17, an air feeding fan 18, an air jet hole 19, a dust remover 20, a connecting pipe 21, a waste gas pipe 22, a collecting pipe 23 and a crusher 24.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Example 1

A biomass drying system adopting solar energy and Chinese trumpet creeper coupled heating comprises a solar house 1, a Chinese trumpet creeper combustion chamber 2 and a material distribution box 3, wherein the solar house 1 comprises a drying chamber 4, a stepped conveying belt 5 and a drying wall 6, the stepped conveying belt 5 can convey biomass fuel 9 entering the drying chamber 4 through a biomass fuel inlet 7 to a biomass fuel outlet 8, the drying chamber 4 comprises a wall formed by light-transmitting materials and a thermo-optical coupler 10 attached to the light-transmitting materials, and the thermo-optical coupler 10 can measure the solar illumination intensity and the temperature in the solar house;

the biomass fuel outlet 8 of the solar house 1 is connected with the material distribution box 3 through a material distribution box inlet pipe 11, the material distribution box 3 comprises a box body, a sliding groove 12, a partition plate 13 and a box body outlet 14, the sliding groove 12 is arranged at the bottom in the box body, the partition plate 13 can move along the sliding groove 12 and divide the material distribution box 3 into a combustion section and a drying section, and the drying section is connected with a biomass fuel collecting device through the box body outlet 14;

the trumpet creeper combustion chamber 2 comprises a combustion furnace, the combustion furnace is communicated with a drying wall 6 of the solar house 1 through an air outlet pipe 17, the drying wall 6 is provided with air injection holes 19, the air outlet pipe 17 is provided with an air supply fan 18, the trumpet creeper combustion chamber 2 is communicated with a combustion area through a combustion chamber feeding pipe 15, and the combustion chamber feeding pipe 15 is provided with a feeding fan 16.

As a preferred embodiment, the stepped conveyor belt 5 is provided with a plurality of conveyor belts along the gravity direction, the conveyor belts can be matched with the conveyor belt which enables the biomass fuel to fall from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the lowest layer conveyor belt can deliver the biomass fuel to the biomass fuel outlet 8.

The stepped conveying belt 5 is driven by a supporting wheel rotating shaft, the supporting wheel rotating shaft can control the moving speed of the conveying belt, and the number of the conveying belts is 3-4.

In a preferred embodiment, a ventilation net for preventing biomass particles from entering is installed in the air jet 19.

As a preferred embodiment, the solar greenhouse further comprises a dust remover 20, wherein the dust remover 20 is communicated with the top of the solar house 1 through a connecting pipe 21, communicated with the external environment through an exhaust pipe 22 and communicated with the material distribution box 3 through a collecting pipe 23.

In a preferred embodiment, a crusher 24 is arranged in the biomass fuel outlet 8.

As a preferred embodiment, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting material is 92% or more, and preferably, the light-transmitting material is any one of a plastic film, a transparent plastic tile and transparent glass.

As a preferred embodiment, the solar greenhouse further comprises a control system, wherein the control system can control the temperature of the solar house between a lower limit temperature and an upper limit temperature, and the following is specific: when the temperature of the solar house is lower than the lower limit temperature, the control system is started to reduce the rotating speed of the stepped conveyor belt 5, micron fuel in a combustion zone is sent into the trumpet creeper combustion chamber 2 to be combusted, and heat generated by combustion is sent into the drying wall 6 to be released through the air injection holes 19 to improve the temperature of the solar house;

when the temperature of the solar house is higher than the upper limit temperature, the control system is started, the rotating speed of the stepped conveyor belt 5 is increased, and micron fuel in the combustion interval is stopped being sent into the trumpet creeper combustion chamber 2.

Example 2

The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the stepped conveyor belt 5 has a different structure, as shown in fig. 3, the stepped conveyor belt (5) is provided with a plurality of layers of horizontally intersecting conveyor belts along the gravity direction, and the horizontal intersecting angle of two adjacent layers of conveyor belts is 30-45 °. The conveying directions are opposite in sequence so as to ensure that the conveyed biomass can smoothly reach the bottom of the solar house.

The cascaded conveyer belt 5 can realize the thickness of piling up of living beings on the conveyer belt through control conveying speed on the one hand, and on the other hand three conveyer belt's drop makes to pile up living beings and piles up outer and inlayer and effectively contact with steam, improves drying efficiency.

Application examples

The using method of the device comprises the following steps:

(1) the biomass fuel to be treated enters a drying chamber through a biomass fuel inlet and moves in a solar house under the action of an electric-driven stepped conveying belt;

(2) the biomass reaches a biomass fuel outlet under the conveying of an electric-driven stepped conveying belt and is crushed into micron trumpet creeper fuel under the action of a crusher;

(4) the micron trumpet creeper fuel enters a material distribution box, and is pushed out of the outlet of the box body to enter a biomass micron trumpet creeper fuel collection device under the action of the movement of the partition plate along the chute;

in the process that the biomass fuel moves in the solar house, the temperature in the solar house is detected through the thermo-optical coupling controller, and the temperature of the solar house can be controlled to be between the lower limit temperature and the upper limit temperature through the control system.

Preferably, the lower limit temperature is 30-35 ℃ and the upper limit temperature is 60-70 ℃.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.