阅读说明：本技术 一种基于量子技术的超低频电压交直流转换验证系统及方法 (Ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method based on quantum technology ) 是由 石照民 潘仙林 宋�莹 周天地 徐晴 段梅梅 田正其 赵双双 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于量子技术的超低频电压交直流转换验证系统及方法。本发明提供一种超低频电压交直流转换验证系统及方法,包括量子电压生成系统,低频信号源,跟随器,三个开关,双加热丝热电变换器,纳伏表,时钟源,高精度数字采样系统以及上位机。基于直流和交流量子电压技术,结合双加热丝热电变换器,将超低频电压通过交直流转换溯源至直流量子电压,并将转换结果与交流量子电压进行对比验证,对超低频电压交直流转换的精度及不确定度评估结果的合理性进行了验证,保证超低频电压交直流转换的可靠性,解决了超低频电压交直流转换结果无法验证的难题。(An ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method based on quantum technology. The invention provides an ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method. Based on a direct current and alternating current quantum voltage technology, a double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter is combined, ultralow-frequency voltage is traced to direct current quantum voltage through alternating current-direct current conversion, a conversion result and the alternating current quantum voltage are compared and verified, the accuracy of the ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion and the reasonability of an uncertainty evaluation result are verified, the reliability of the ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion is guaranteed, and the problem that the ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion result cannot be verified is solved.)

1. An ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system based on quantum technology is characterized in that: the system comprises a quantum voltage generating system (1), a low-frequency signal source (2), a follower (3), a first switch (4), a second switch (5), a third switch (6), a double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter (7), a nanovolt meter (8), a clock source (9), a high-precision digital sampling system (10) and an upper computer (11), wherein the quantum voltage generating system (1) is respectively connected with the first switch (4), the second switch (5) and a channel B of the high-precision digital sampling system (10) through the follower (3), the low-frequency signal source (2) is connected to the first switch (4), the second switch (5) and the third switch (6), the third switch (6) is connected to a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system (10), the first switch (4) and the switch (5) are connected with the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter (7), the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter (7) is connected to the nanovolt meter (8), the clock source (9) is connected with the quantum voltage generating system (1), the low-frequency signal source (2) and the high-precision digital sampling system (10), the upper computer (11) is connected with the quantum voltage generating system (1), the low-frequency signal source (2), the switch (4), the switch (5), the switch (6), the nano-volt meter (8) and the high-precision digital sampling system (10), wherein the quantum voltage generating system (1) provides alternating-current quantum voltage U_SAnd a DC quantum voltage U_D(ii) a The low-frequency signal source (2) provides two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U with equal and orthogonal amplitudes_A1And U_A2(ii) a The follower (3) is used for improving the loading capacity of the quantum voltage system; the first switch (4) and the second switch (5) are used for controlling the switching of a low-frequency voltage signal and a direct-current quantum voltage at the input end of the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter (7); the third switch (6) is used for controlling two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U_A1And U_A2Is connected with a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system (10) in a switching way; the double-heating wire thermoelectric converter (7) is used for realizing a low-frequency voltage signal U_A1And U_A2Equivalent conversion with direct current quantum voltage; nano-volt meter (8) The thermoelectric voltage reading device is used for reading the thermoelectric voltage output by the dual-heating-wire thermoelectric converter (7) in alternating current and direct current states; the clock source (9) provides a synchronous clock signal to realize synchronous output of the quantum voltage generating system (1) and the low-frequency signal source (2) and synchronous measurement of the high-precision digital sampling system (10); the high-precision digital sampling system (10) is used for realizing the precision measurement of the difference value between the alternating-current quantum voltage and the low-frequency voltage signal; the upper computer (11) is used for controlling the whole system to realize automatic measurement.

2. The system for verifying ultralow frequency voltage AC/DC conversion based on quantum technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper computer (11) is connected with the quantum voltage generating system (1), the low-frequency signal source (2), the first switch (4), the switch (5), the switch (6), the nano-volt meter (8) and the high-precision digital sampling system (10) through an IEEE-488 bus.

3. The ultra-low frequency voltage AC/DC conversion verification method of the ultra-low frequency voltage AC/DC conversion verification system based on the quantum technology of claim 1 or 2, wherein the verification method comprises the following steps:

A. the upper computer (11) controls the third switch 6 to switch to enable U_A1The branch is connected with a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system (10);

B. the quantum voltage generating system (1) is controlled by the upper computer (11) to output an alternating current quantum voltage signal U_SThe signals are input into a channel B of a high-precision digital sampling system (10) through a follower (3), and a low-frequency signal source (2) is controlled to output two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U which are equal in amplitude and orthogonal_A1And U_A2，U_A1、U_A2、U_SThe nominal values are all equal;

C. the upper computer (11) controls the first switch (4) and the second switch (5) to switch, so that the low-frequency voltage signal U is generated_A1And U_A2Input to a dual-heating wire thermoelectric converter (7);

D. reading the output thermoelectric potential of the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter (8)_A1；

E. Measured by a high-precision digital sampling system (10)Low frequency voltage signal U_A1With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SRelative error Δ therebetween₁；

F. The upper computer (11) controls the quantum voltage generating system (1) to output a positive direct current quantum voltage signal U_D+，U_D+With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SThe nominal values are equal;

G. the upper computer (11) controls the first switch (4) and the second switch (5) to switch, so that a positive direct current quantum voltage signal U is generated_D+Input to a dual-heating wire thermoelectric converter (7);

H. reading the output thermoelectric potential of the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter (8)_D+；

I. The upper computer (11) controls the quantum voltage generating system (1) to output a negative direct current quantum voltage signal U_D-，U_D-And U_D+The amplitudes are equal;

J. reading the output thermoelectric potential of the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter (8)_D-；

K. The upper computer (11) controls the quantum voltage generating system (1) to output the alternating current quantum voltage signal U again_SThe low-frequency voltage signal U is input into a channel B of a high-precision digital sampling system (10) through a follower (3) to control a first switch (4) and a second switch (5) to switch, and the low-frequency voltage signal U is enabled to be generated again_A1And U_A2Input to a dual-heating wire thermoelectric converter (7);

l, reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nanovolt meter (8)_A2；

Re-measuring the low frequency voltage signal U by means of a high precision digital sampling system (10)_A1With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SRelative error Δ therebetween₂；

N, obtaining the effective value U of the ultralow frequency voltage signal through AC-DC conversion₁；

O. the upper computer (11) controls the third switch (6) to switch to enable U_A2The branch is connected with a channel A of a high-precision digital sampling system (10), the process B to M is repeated, and the effective value U of the ultralow-frequency voltage signal is obtained through AC-DC conversion₂；

And P, calculating the relative error between the ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion result and the alternating current quantum voltage.

4. The method for verifying ultralow frequency voltage AC/DC conversion in the quantum technology based ultralow frequency voltage AC/DC conversion verification system according to claim 3,

in step N, the effective value U of the ultralow frequency voltage signal is obtained through AC/DC conversion₁Can be expressed as

One path of low-frequency signal U output by the low-frequency signal source (2)_A1Can be expressed as

In step O, the effective value U of the ultralow frequency voltage signal obtained by AC-DC conversion₂Can be expressed as

The other path of low-frequency signal U output by the low-frequency signal source (2)_A2Can be expressed as

5. The method for verifying ultralow frequency voltage AC/DC conversion in the quantum technology based ultralow frequency voltage AC/DC conversion verification system according to claim 4,

in step P, defineThe relative error between the ultralow frequency voltage ac/dc conversion result and the ac quantum voltage can be expressed as

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of alternating voltage measurement, and particularly relates to an ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method based on quantum technology

Background

The ultra-low frequency voltage signal precision measurement is widely applied to the fields of vibration signal measurement, new energy automobile power battery metering research, high voltage test and the like. The upper limit of the frequency of the vibration signal is generally not more than 10Hz, some vibration signals are even in the mHz magnitude, and the measurement of the low-frequency vibration signal is usually realized by converting the vibration sensor into an electric signal for measurement; the alternating-current impedance spectrum testing method is receiving more and more attention in the metering research of the lithium ion power battery of the new energy automobile, and the research difficulty is that the accuracy of the ultralow frequency is difficult to ensure and the standard of the ultralow frequency voltage needs to be established; in addition, the ultra-low frequency voltage technology has wide application prospect in high voltage tests, and the ultra-low frequency voltage of 0.1Hz is used for replacing 50Hz power frequency voltage in the high voltage tests, so that the ultra-low frequency voltage technology has obvious superiority and practical value. The national standard of ultralow frequency voltage is established, and the realization of the magnitude traceability of the ultralow frequency voltage has important significance for promoting the development of industries such as low frequency vibration signal precision measurement, lithium ion power battery testing and metering, high voltage test and the like.

The ultra-low frequency voltage magnitude tracing is realized by using a double-heating wire thermoelectric converter as a reference standard through alternating current-direct current conversion, and the ultra-low frequency voltage is traced to a direct current voltage reference. The dual-heating-wire thermoelectric converter has the precondition that stable direct current thermoelectric potential is output in alternating current and direct current states, the influence of input signal frequency on the output thermoelectric potential is eliminated, key parameters of an alternating current-direct current conversion system need to be evaluated and compensated, and the accuracy of an alternating current-direct current conversion result is difficult to guarantee. At present, a method for verifying the ultralow-frequency voltage AC/DC conversion precision is lacked, and the rationality of the evaluation result of the ultralow-frequency voltage AC/DC conversion uncertainty of the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter cannot be verified. With the continuous development of superconducting quantum technology, the synthesis of alternating current quantum voltage has been realized, programmable Josephson alternating current quantum voltage (PJVS) can be successfully synthesized, and the amplitude accuracy is high. The invention provides an ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method by combining a quantum voltage technology.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method based on quantum technology, which are used for verifying the accuracy of ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion realized by a double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter and the rationality of an uncertainty evaluation result and ensuring the reliability of ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system based on a quantum technology comprises a quantum voltage generation system, a low-frequency signal source, a follower, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter, a nanovoltmeter, a clock source, a high-precision digital sampling system and an upper computer. The quantum voltage generating system is respectively connected with the first switch, the second switch and the channel of the high-precision digital sampling system through the follower, the low-frequency signal source is connected to the first switch, the second switch and the third switch, the third switch is connected to the channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system, the first switch and the second switch are connected with the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter, the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter is connected to the nano-volt meter, the clock source is connected with the quantum voltage generating system, the low-frequency signal source and the high-precision digital sampling system, and the upper computer is connected with the quantum voltage generating system, the low-frequency signal source, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch, the nano-volt meter and the high-precision digital sampling system through an IEEE-488 bus, so that automatic control of the system is achieved.

Quantum voltage generation system for providing alternating quantum voltage U_SAnd a DC quantum voltage U_D；

The low-frequency signal source provides two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U with equal and orthogonal amplitudes_A1And U_A2；

The follower is used for improving the loading capacity of the quantum voltage system;

the first switch and the second switch are used for controlling the switching of the low-frequency voltage signal at the input end of the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter and the direct-current quantum voltage;

the third switch is used for controlling two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U_A1And U_A2The high-precision digital sampling system is in switching connection with a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system;

double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter for realizing low-frequency voltage signal U_A1And U_A2Equivalent conversion with direct current quantum voltage;

the nano-volt meter is used for reading thermoelectric potentials output by the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter in alternating current and direct current states;

the clock source provides a synchronous clock signal to realize the synchronous output of the quantum voltage generating system and the low-frequency signal source and the synchronous measurement of the high-precision digital sampling system;

the high-precision digital sampling system is used for realizing the precision measurement of the difference value between the alternating-current quantum voltage and the low-frequency voltage signal;

the upper computer is used for controlling the whole system to realize automatic measurement.

The ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification method based on the quantum technology comprises the following steps:

A. the upper computer controls the third switch to switch U_A1The branch is connected with a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system;

B. quantum voltage generation system controlled by upper computerOutput AC quantum voltage signal U_SInputting the signal into a channel B of a high-precision digital sampling system through a follower 3, and simultaneously controlling a low-frequency signal source to output two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U with equal and orthogonal amplitudes_A1And U_A2，U_A1、U_A2、U_SThe nominal values are all equal;

C. the upper computer controls the switching of the first switch and the second switch to enable the low-frequency voltage signal U_A1And U_A2Inputting the power to a thermoelectric converter with double heating wires;

D. reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter_A1；

E. Measuring low frequency voltage signal U by high precision digital sampling system_A1With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SRelative error Δ therebetween₁；

F. The upper computer controls the quantum voltage generating system to output a positive direct current quantum voltage signal U_D+，U_D+With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SThe nominal values are equal;

G. the upper computer controls the first switch and the second switch to be switched so that the positive direct current quantum voltage signal U is generated_D+Inputting the power to a thermoelectric converter with double heating wires;

H. reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter_D+；

I. The upper computer controls the quantum voltage generating system to output negative DC quantum voltage signal U_D-，U_D-And U_D+The amplitudes are equal;

J. reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter_D-；

K. The upper computer controls the quantum voltage generating system to output the alternating current quantum voltage signal U again_SThe low-frequency voltage signal U is input into a channel B of a high-precision digital sampling system through a follower to control the switching of the first switch and the second switch, and the low-frequency voltage signal U is enabled to be converted again_A1And U_A2Inputting the power to a thermoelectric converter with double heating wires;

l, reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nanovolt meter_A2；

Re-measuring the low frequency voltage signal U by the high precision digital sampling system_A1With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SRelative error Δ therebetween₂；

N, obtaining the effective value U of the ultralow frequency voltage signal through AC-DC conversion₁Can be expressed as

One path of low-frequency signal U output by low-frequency signal source_A1Can be expressed as

O. the upper computer 11 controls the third switch to enable U_A2The branch is connected with a channel A of a high-precision digital sampling system, the process B to M is repeated, and an ultralow-frequency voltage signal effective value U is obtained through AC-DC conversion₂Can be expressed as

Another low-frequency signal U output by low-frequency signal source_A2Can be expressed as

P. definitionThe relative error between the ultralow frequency voltage ac/dc conversion result and the ac quantum voltage can be expressed as

The method can realize the mutual verification between the ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion and the alternating current quantum voltage.

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system and method based on the quantum technology, mutual verification of alternating current quantum voltage and ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion is realized, the ultralow frequency voltage is traced to direct current quantum voltage through alternating current-direct current conversion by combining the direct current quantum voltage technology, the conversion result is compared with the alternating current quantum voltage, the rationality of the accuracy and uncertainty evaluation result of the ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion is verified, the reliability of the ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion is ensured, and the problem that the ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion result cannot be verified is solved.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system for comparing and verifying ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion and quantum voltage.

Reference numerals: the device comprises a quantum voltage generating system 1, a low-frequency signal source 2, a follower 3, a switch 4, a switch 5, a switch 6, a double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7, a nanovolt meter 8, a clock source 9, a high-precision digital sampling system 10 and an upper computer 11.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and examples:

the ultralow-frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion verification system based on the quantum technology is composed of a quantum voltage generation system 1, a low-frequency signal source 2, a follower 3, a switch 4, a switch 5, a switch 6, a double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7, a nanovolt meter 8, a clock source 9, a high-precision digital sampling system 10 and an upper computer 11. The quantum voltage generation system 1 is respectively connected with the switch 4, the switch 5 and a channel B of the high-precision digital sampling system 10 through the follower 3, the low-frequency signal source 2 is connected to the switch 4, the switch 5 and the switch 6, the switch 6 is connected to a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system 10, the switch 4 and the switch 5 are connected with the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7, the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7 is connected to the nano-volt meter 8, the clock source 9 is connected with the quantum voltage generation system 1, the low-frequency signal source 2 and the high-precision digital sampling system 10, the upper computer 11 is connected with the quantum voltage generation system 1, the low-frequency signal source 2, the switch 4, the switch 5, the switch 6, the nano-volt meter 8 and the high-precision digital sampling system 10, and automatic control of the system is achieved.

Quantum voltage generation system 1 provides alternating quantum voltage U_SAnd a DC quantum voltage U_D；

The low-frequency signal source provides two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U with equal and orthogonal amplitudes_A1And U_A2；

The follower 3 is used for improving the loading capacity of the quantum voltage system;

the switch 4 and the switch 5 are used for controlling the switching of the low-frequency voltage signal and the direct-current quantum voltage at the input end of the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7;

the switch 6 is used for controlling two paths of low-frequency voltage signals U_A1And U_A2The channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system 10 is connected in a switching mode;

the dual-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7 is used for realizing a low-frequency voltage signal U_A1And U_A2Equivalent conversion with direct current quantum voltage;

the nano-volt meter 8 is used for reading thermoelectric potentials output by the double-heating-wire thermoelectric converter 7 in alternating current and direct current states;

the clock source 9 provides a synchronous clock signal to realize the synchronous output of the quantum voltage generating system 1 and the low-frequency signal source 2 and the synchronous measurement of the high-precision digital sampling system 10;

the high-precision digital sampling system 10 is used for realizing the precision measurement of the difference value between the alternating-current quantum voltage and the low-frequency voltage signal;

the upper computer 11 is used for controlling the whole system to realize automatic measurement.

The method for verifying the ultralow frequency voltage AC/DC conversion based on the quantum technology is described below by taking the ultralow frequency voltage with the amplitude of 1V and the frequency of 0.1Hz as an example.

A. The upper computer 11 controls the switch 6 to switch U_A1The branch is connected with a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system 10;

B. the upper computer 11 controls the quantum voltage generating system 1 to output an alternating current quantum voltage signal U with the amplitude of 1V and the frequency of 0.1Hz_SBy passingThe follower 3 is input into a channel B of a high-precision digital sampling system 10, and simultaneously the low-frequency signal source 2 is controlled to output two paths of low-frequency orthogonal voltage signals U with the amplitude of 1V and the frequency of 0.1Hz_A1And U_A2；

C. The upper computer 11 controls the switch 4 and the switch 5 to switch so as to enable the low-frequency voltage signal U_A1And U_A2Input to the dual-heating wire thermoelectric converter 7;

D. reading thermoelectric potential E output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment through a nano-volt meter 8_A1；

E. Measuring low frequency voltage signal U by high precision digital sampling system 10_A1With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SRelative error Δ therebetween₁；

F. The upper computer 11 controls the quantum voltage generating system 1 to output a direct current quantum voltage signal U with the amplitude of 1V and the positive voltage_D+；

G. The upper computer 11 controls the switch 4 and the switch 5 to switch so that the positive direct current quantum voltage signal U_D+Input to the dual-heating wire thermoelectric converter 7;

H. reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter 8_D+；

I. The upper computer 11 controls the quantum voltage generating system 1 to output a negative direct current quantum voltage signal U with the amplitude of 1V_D-；

J. Reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nano-volt meter 8_D-；

K. The upper computer 11 controls the quantum voltage generation system 1 to output the alternating current quantum voltage signal U with the amplitude of 1V and the frequency of 0.1Hz again_SThe low-frequency voltage signal U is input into a channel B of a high-precision digital sampling system 10 through a follower 3, and the switch 4 and the switch 5 are controlled to be switched to enable the low-frequency voltage signal U to be converted again_A1And U_A2Input to the dual-heating wire thermoelectric converter 7;

l, reading the thermoelectric potential output by the thermoelectric converter with double heating wires at the moment as E through a nanovolt meter 8_A2；

Re-measuring the low frequency voltage signal U by the high precision digital sampling system 10_A1With alternating quantum voltage signal U_SBetweenRelative error Δ of₂；

N, obtaining the effective value U of the ultralow frequency voltage signal through AC-DC conversion₁Can be expressed as

One path of low-frequency signal U output by low-frequency signal source 2_A1Can be expressed as

O. the upper computer 11 controls the switch 6 to switch to enable U_A2The branch is connected with a channel A of the high-precision digital sampling system 10, the process B to M is repeated, and the effective value U of the ultralow-frequency voltage signal is obtained through AC-DC conversion₂Can be expressed as

The other path of low-frequency signal U output by the low-frequency signal source 2_A2Can be expressed as

P. definitionThe relative error between the ultralow frequency voltage ac/dc conversion result and the ac quantum voltage can be expressed as

Mutual verification between ultralow frequency voltage alternating current-direct current conversion with the amplitude of 1V and the frequency of 0.1Hz and alternating current quantum voltage can be realized through the processes.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.