阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于丘陵地区的稳压稳流抗旱施肥系统 (Pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resisting and fertilizing system suitable for hilly areas ) 是由 印剑 杨民军 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于丘陵地区的稳压稳流抗旱施肥系统,通过远传压力表监测主管道的水流量,通过微机控制变频器的输出频率从而调节水泵电机的转速,能够有效将主管道内的水压控制在一个合适的范围内,保证丘陵地最高点出水量能够正常施肥,然后结合水力比例注肥加药泵的设置,能够有效保证水肥浓度的稳定和一致性,再通过分区限流控制,调节丘陵山地高、低点电动限流阀的限流大小,以使丘陵山地相对位置低点限流后使其出水量至合适,这样可以有效确保丘陵地灌溉施肥时各个区域具有高度差的高点出水量与低点出水量基本保持一致。(The invention discloses a pressure-stabilizing and flow-stabilizing drought-resisting fertilization system suitable for hilly areas, which monitors the water flow of a main pipeline through a remote pressure gauge, controls the output frequency of a frequency converter through a microcomputer so as to adjust the rotating speed of a water pump motor, can effectively control the water pressure in the main pipeline within a proper range, ensures that the water yield at the highest point of the hilly areas can normally fertilize, can effectively ensure the stability and consistency of the water and fertilizer concentration by combining the arrangement of a hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, and adjusts the flow limiting size of a high-point and low-point electric flow limiting valve of the hilly mountains through regional flow limiting control so as to ensure that the water yield of the hilly mountains is proper after the low-point flow limiting at the relative positions of the hilly mountains, thus effectively ensuring that the high-point water yield and the low-point water yield with height difference in each region can be basically kept consistent when the hilly areas fertilize is irrigated.)

1. A pressure-stabilizing and flow-stabilizing drought-resisting fertilization system suitable for hilly areas comprises a main pipeline directly connected with a water source, a water pump, a water fertilizer/pesticide mixing device and an irrigation device, and is characterized in that a remote transmission pressure gauge is assembled on the main pipeline and electrically connected with a microcomputer, and the remote transmission pressure gauge transmits a detected water pressure signal to the microcomputer; the water pump is assembled on the main pipeline, and a motor of the water pump is electrically connected with a frequency converter, and the microcomputer controls the output frequency of the frequency converter and then adjusts the rotating speed of the motor of the water pump; the main pipeline conveys water flow with constant water pressure to the water-fertilizer/pesticide mixing equipment, the water-fertilizer/pesticide mixing equipment mixes water and fertilizer/pesticide according to a set proportion, and the mixed liquid is conveyed into a plurality of irrigation equipment through pipelines under the action of pressure.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises a hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump, wherein the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump is connected and communicated with the liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer mixing barrel through a hose.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pumps are connected in parallel, each hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump is connected and communicated with the main pipeline through a respective water dividing pipe, a water inlet valve and a liquid outlet valve are fixedly connected to each water dividing pipe, the water inlet valve is installed at the water inlet end of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump, the liquid outlet valve is installed at the outlet end of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump, each hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump is connected and communicated with a liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel through a hose, all the water dividing pipes are converged on the same delivery pipe, and one end of each branch pipe of the partition flow limiting control unit is converged on the delivery pipe.

4. The pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resistant and fertilization system suitable for the hilly areas as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a partitioned flow-limiting control unit, wherein the partitioned flow-limiting control unit comprises a plurality of branch pipes and a plurality of electric flow-limiting valves, wherein one ends of all the branch pipes are converged on a pipeline connected with a liquid outlet of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer-injection dosing pump, each branch pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with one electric flow-limiting valve, and each branch pipe is detachably connected and communicated with irrigation equipment at a corresponding position.

5. The pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resistant and fertilizing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water pressure of the main pipeline in the drought-resistant and fertilizing system is controlled to just meet the amount of water and fertilizer required for discharging at the highest point of hilly and mountainous areas.

6. The pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resistant and fertilization system suitable for the hilly areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the irrigation equipment comprises partition hoses and guide pipes, one partition hose is fixedly connected to the other end of each branch pipe, the other end of each partition hose is closed, is detachably connected to the bottom of each branch pipe at equal intervals and is communicated with a plurality of hard guide pipes, and each guide pipe extends vertically downwards.

7. The pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resistant and fertilizing system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a flow stabilizer is installed on the partition hose and corresponding to the top of each flow guiding pipe.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer integration, in particular to a pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resisting and fertilizing system suitable for hilly areas.

Background

Reasonable and effective water and fertilizer management is the foundation and the premise of agricultural production development. With the industrialization, commercialization and standardization development of agricultural production, a water-fertilizer integrated irrigation and fertilization technology based on water-fertilizer coupling is widely popularized, and the area of hills and mountains is no exception. However, due to the uniqueness of the terrain in hilly and mountainous regions and the fact that most of the plants planted in the hilly and mountainous regions are fruit trees, the common spraying and drip irrigation methods cannot meet the requirements. For this reason, irrigation is generally adopted in the prior art, and the irrigation systems mainly include the following:

(1) the high-position unpowered type is characterized in that a water tank and a fertilizer/liquid medicine stirring tank are established at the highest point of hilly mountains, and under the condition that no external power source is available, fertilizer water/liquid medicine is delivered to the lower part of each fruit tree through a pipeline for watering; although the power is saved in the mode, the conditions of uneven fertilizer concentration/liquid medicine concentration and uneven water quantity at different height positions exist, and the irrigation and fertilization effects are influenced;

(2) the venturi fertilizer applicator mainly utilizes the vacuum suction force generated by water flow passing through a venturi tube to uniformly suck fertilizer solution into a pipeline system from an open fertilizer bucket for fertilization. Although the fertilization concentration is relatively stable, the method has large pressure loss, is not suitable for areas with large irrigation areas, and has the conditions of different water and fertilizer flow rates and different proportions at different positions in hilly and mountainous areas with high pressure difference;

(3) the movable fertilizer applicator is characterized in that fertilizer, pesticide and water are mixed in a pesticide storage tank according to a proportion and then are thrown out through the fertilizer applicator. Although the method can solve the problem of stable water and fertilizer concentration, the method needs a set of huge water storage system and stirring system, has large volume, always needs stirring, is not energy-saving and has high cost;

moreover, the three modes all have the problem of longitudinal permeation of fertilizer water, the root system is easy to grow upwards, the phenomena of weak ground gripping and falling of the tree in the strong wind can occur over time, and the service life of the fruit tree is shortened.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pressure-stabilizing and flow-stabilizing drought-resisting fertilization system which is relatively small in size and low in cost and can promote the downward growth of the root system of a fruit tree and is suitable for hilly areas, and the system can effectively ensure the consistent water and fertilizer flow and water and fertilizer concentration of each position point with different heights.

In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors conducted a plurality of experiments according to the known technical theory. The inventor knows the theory that the stability of the water pressure must be ensured in order to realize the consistency of the flow rate, which is a precondition for consistency of concentration. Therefore, the water pressure in the pipeline connected with the water source is subjected to constant pressure control firstly, namely the water pressure in the water pipe is monitored, then the controller is used for appropriately adjusting the electromagnetic valve for limiting the flow according to the monitored water pressure, the mode is tested on the spot, and when the low-point water pressure in a large range is met, the high-point water pressure cannot meet the requirement of irrigation, when the water quantity cannot be met, the consistency of the water and fertilizer concentration cannot be mentioned, but if the secondary water supply mode is adopted to ensure the constancy of the water pressure, the equipment is not only complex and has higher cost, and the condition of uneven water and fertilizer concentration still exists as a pressure tank in the prior art.

After a plurality of failures, the inventor finds that the signal feedback time of the water pressure monitoring and the adjustment mode of the water pressure are the most critical factors influencing whether the water pressure can be kept consistent at different height positions.

Therefore, the drought resisting and fertilizing system provided by the inventor for solving the problem that the water pressure can not keep consistency at different height positions comprises a main pipeline directly connected with a water source, a water pump, water fertilizer/pesticide mixing equipment and irrigation equipment, wherein a remote pressure gauge is assembled on the main pipeline and electrically connected with a microcomputer, and the remote pressure gauge transmits a detected water pressure signal to the microcomputer; the water pump is assembled on the main pipeline, and a motor of the water pump is electrically connected with a frequency converter, and the microcomputer controls the output frequency of the frequency converter and then adjusts the rotating speed of the motor of the water pump; the main pipeline conveys water flow with constant water pressure to the water-fertilizer/pesticide mixing equipment, the water-fertilizer/pesticide mixing equipment mixes water and fertilizer/pesticide according to a set proportion, and the mixed liquid is conveyed into a plurality of irrigation equipment through pipelines under the action of pressure.

Further, the liquid manure/pesticide mixing equipment comprises a hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection and pesticide adding pump, wherein the hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection and pesticide adding pump is connected and communicated with the pesticide liquid barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel through a hose. A hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, also called a hydraulic proportional dosing pump, is a quantitative dosing pump taking water as power, is directly installed on a water pipeline, the only power is water pressure, under the drive of pressurized water flow, concentrated medicament and/or concentrated liquid fertilizer are sucked in a proportional and quantitative manner, then are combined with water as power, and under the action of the water pressure, the fully mixed water fertilizer and pesticide are conveyed to the downstream. Compared with the prior art that the fertilizer or liquid medicine amount is adjusted according to the detected water pressure signal, the problem of signal feedback time difference does not exist, the fertilization precision is higher, and the uniformity of the concentration of the water fertilizer/liquid medicine is effectively ensured.

In a continuous field test, the inventor finds that if only the water pressure is controlled to be constant, the water and fertilizer flow rate at the local highest point and the local lowest point is inconsistent. The inventor finds that besides the factor of whether the water pressure is constant, the water flow control of different height positions is also a decisive factor of whether the consistency of the water and fertilizer flow at the high point and the low point at the positions can be ensured. Therefore, the inventor conducts multiple tests and adopts the subarea current-limiting control to conduct current-limiting regulation of different flow rates on the irrigation areas at different height positions, so that the water and fertilizer amounts of all the irrigation areas are kept in a nearly consistent state. The specific preferred scheme is as follows:

furthermore, the drought resisting and fertilizing system also comprises a subarea current limiting control unit, wherein the subarea current limiting control unit comprises a plurality of branch pipes and a plurality of electric current limiting valves, one end of each branch pipe is gathered on a pipeline connected with a liquid outlet of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, each branch pipe is fixedly connected and communicated with one electric current limiting valve, and each branch pipe is detachably connected and communicated with irrigation equipment at a corresponding position.

Further, the water pressure of a main pipeline in the drought resisting and fertilizing system is controlled to just meet the water and fertilizer amount required by the discharge of the highest point of hilly and mountainous regions.

Furthermore, the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pumps are connected in parallel, each hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump is connected and communicated with the main pipeline through a respective shunt pipe, a water inlet valve and a liquid outlet valve are fixedly connected to each shunt pipe, the water inlet valve is installed at the water inlet end of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, the liquid outlet valve is installed at the outlet end of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, each hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump is connected and communicated with a liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel through a hose, all the shunt pipes are converged on the same conveying pipe, and one end of each branch pipe of the regional current limiting control unit is converged on the conveying pipe.

Further, irrigation equipment includes subregion hose, honeycomb duct, at a subregion hose of the other end fixedly connected with of every branch pipe, the other end of every subregion hose seals and can dismantle the honeycomb duct of connection and intercommunication have many stereoplasm at the equidistant bottom, and every honeycomb duct is vertical extends downwards. Realizing deep application, promoting the downward growth of root systems and prolonging the service life of fruit trees.

Furthermore, a flow stabilizer is arranged on the partition hose and corresponding to the top of each flow guide pipe. The setting of current stabilizer guarantees that every honeycomb duct outflows stably.

The drought resisting and fertilizing system can also comprise a remote control unit, wherein the remote control unit comprises a mobile phone or a computer terminal and a data transmission unit, wherein the mobile phone or the computer terminal is connected with an electric flow limiting valve, a hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and dosing pump, a microcomputer and the like of the subarea flow limiting irrigation unit through the data transmission unit, and is used for recording operation data in the irrigation system (facilitating historical inquiry) and controlling the operation and stop of corresponding equipment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

this application is through the discharge of teletransmission manometer monitoring trunk line, thereby the rotational speed of regulating the water pump motor through the output frequency of microcomputer control converter, can effectively be with the water pressure control in the trunk line at a suitable within range, guarantee hilly ground peak discharge can normally fertilize, then combine the setting of water power proportion notes fertile dosing pump, can effectively guarantee the stability and the uniformity of liquid manure concentration, the control is controlled to the subregion limit flow, adjust hilly mountain region height, the current-limiting size of low point electronic restriction valve, make its discharge to suitable after making hilly mountain region relative position low point current-limiting, each region has the high point discharge and the low point discharge of difference in height when can effectively ensureing hilly ground fertilizies like this and keeps unanimously basically. The drought-resistant fertilization system guarantees that each fertilization point has enough water pressure, guarantees deep fertilization of fruit trees, can selectively add various fertilizers/medicaments simultaneously according to needs, and is high in practicability and relatively low in cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the irrigation apparatus of the present invention;

the system comprises a water source 1, a water source 2, a water pump 3, a frequency converter 4, a first valve 5, a first filter 6, a first water inlet valve 7, a first liquid outlet valve 8, a first hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection and dosing pump 9, a first liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel 10, a second water inlet valve 11, a second liquid outlet valve 12, a second hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection and dosing pump 13, a second liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel 14, a water distribution pipe 15, a conveying pipe 16, a first electric flow limiting valve 17, a first manual stop valve 18, a branch pipe 19, a second electric flow limiting valve 20, a second manual stop valve 21, a third electric flow limiting valve 22, a third manual stop valve 23, a remote pressure gauge 24, a main pipeline 25, a partition hose 26, a flow guide pipe 27 and a flow stabilizer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In addition, the details are not described below with reference to the prior art and the conventional common general knowledge. And "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are conventional threaded connections, flange connections, and the like.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the pressure-stabilizing, flow-stabilizing, drought-resisting and fertilizing system suitable for hilly areas provided by the invention comprises a main pipe 24 directly connected with a water source 1, a water pump 2, a water fertilizer/pesticide mixing device and an irrigation device, wherein a remote pressure gauge 23 is assembled on the main pipe 24, the remote pressure gauge 23 is electrically connected with a microcomputer, and the remote pressure gauge 23 transmits a detected water pressure signal to the microcomputer 23; the water pump 2 is assembled on the main pipeline 24, and the motor of the water pump 2 is electrically connected with the frequency converter 3, and the microcomputer controls the output frequency of the frequency converter 3 and then adjusts the rotating speed of the motor of the water pump 2; a valve 4 and a first filter 5 are fixedly connected to the main pipeline 24 at the conveying rear end of the water pump 2 in a conventional manner. The main pipe 24 delivers a constant water pressure water flow to the liquid fertilizer/chemical mixing device, which mixes the water and fertilizer/chemical in a given ratio, and the mixed liquid is delivered to a plurality of irrigation devices through pipes under pressure.

The liquid manure/pesticide mixing equipment comprises a plurality of hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and pesticide adding pumps (two are shown in figure 1, namely a first hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and pesticide adding pump 8 and a second hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection and pesticide adding pump 12) which are connected in parallel, and a plurality of pesticide liquid barrels/fertilizer mixing tanks (two are shown in figure 1, namely a first pesticide liquid barrel/fertilizer mixing tank 9 and a second pesticide liquid barrel/fertilizer mixing tank). Each hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection dosing pump is connected and communicated with the main pipeline 24 through a respective shunt pipe 14, a water inlet valve and a liquid outlet valve are fixedly connected to each shunt pipe 14, wherein the water inlet valve is installed at the water inlet end of the hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection dosing pump, the liquid outlet valve is installed at the outlet end of the hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection dosing pump, each hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection dosing pump is connected and communicated with a liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel through a hose, namely, the two shunt pipes 14 in fig. 1 are connected to one end of the main pipeline 24 through the same tee joint, and the two shunt pipes 14 are divided into two parallel-connected paths: one path is connected with a first water inlet valve 6, a first hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump 8 and a first liquid outlet valve 7, and the other path is connected with a second water inlet valve 10, a second hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump 12 and a second liquid outlet valve 11; the two water distribution pipes 14 are finally converged on the same conveying pipe 15 through another tee joint; the first hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection dosing pump 8 is connected and communicated with a first liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel 9 through a hose, and the second hydraulic proportion fertilizer injection dosing pump 12 is also connected and communicated with a second liquid medicine barrel/fertilizer stirring barrel 13 through another hose. In the invention, the liquid medicine barrel or the fertilizer stirring barrel is a conventional stirring barrel, and the second filter is fixedly connected to the pipeline hose connecting the liquid medicine barrel/the fertilizer stirring barrel and the corresponding hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump according to a conventional mode. A hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, also called a hydraulic proportional dosing pump, is a quantitative dosing pump taking water as power, is directly installed on a water pipeline, the only power is water pressure, under the drive of pressurized water flow, concentrated medicament and/or concentrated liquid fertilizer are sucked in a proportional and quantitative manner, then are combined with water as power, and under the action of the water pressure, the fully mixed water fertilizer and pesticide are conveyed to the downstream. Compared with the prior art that the fertilizer or liquid medicine amount is adjusted according to the detected water pressure signal, the problem of signal feedback time difference does not exist, the fertilization precision is higher, and the uniformity of the concentration of the water fertilizer/liquid medicine is effectively ensured.

In a continuous field test, the inventor finds that if only the water pressure is controlled to be constant, the water and fertilizer flow rate at the local highest point and the local lowest point is inconsistent. The inventor finds that besides the factor of whether the water pressure is constant, whether the water flow at different height positions is controlled or not and the specific operation are also decisive factors influencing whether the consistency of the water and fertilizer flow at the high position and the low position can be ensured or not, and the local flow control is not generally carried out in the prior art. Therefore, the inventor conducts multiple tests and adopts the subarea current-limiting control to conduct current-limiting regulation of different flow rates on the irrigation areas at different height positions, so that the water and fertilizer amounts of all the irrigation areas are kept in a nearly consistent state. The method comprises the following specific steps:

and a subarea current-limiting control unit is also connected to the conveying pipe 15 at the output end of the water-fertilizer/pesticide mixing equipment. The subarea flow-limiting control unit comprises a plurality of branch pipes 18 (three in figure 1), a plurality of electric flow-limiting valves and a plurality of manual stop valves; wherein one end of each branch pipe 18 is converged on the delivery pipe 15 connected with the liquid outlet of the hydraulic proportional fertilizer injection dosing pump, the branch pipes 18 are communicated with the delivery pipe 15, and each branch pipe 18 is fixedly connected and communicated with an electric flow limiting valve and a manual stop valve. In fig. 1, a total of three irrigation zones are divided: the first irrigation area is composed of a first electric flow limiting valve 16 and a first manual stop valve 17 which are connected to corresponding branch pipes 18; the second irrigation area consists of a second electric flow-limiting valve 19 and a second manual stop valve 20 which are connected with the corresponding branch pipe 18; the third irrigation zone is formed by a third electric flow-limiting valve 21 and a third manual stop valve 22 which are connected to the corresponding branch pipe 18. The electric flow limiting valve (or the electric control flow regulating valve) is a commercially available product, has the functions of monitoring the flow of the pipeline and regulating the flow, and can be used for regulating the flow of the low-point flow limiting valve by regulating the height of the hilly mountain and the flow limiting size of the low-point electric flow limiting valve, mainly regulating the flow limiting size of the low-point flow limiting valve according to the water flow in the pipeline, so that the water yield of the hilly mountain is regulated to be proper after the low-point flow limiting at the relative position of the hilly mountain (the water yield at the high point is almost the same as that at the low point), and thus, the water yield at the high point and the water yield at the low point, which have the height difference in each area during irrigation and fertilization in the hilly land, can be effectively kept to be basically consistent.

In order to ensure that the water yield of the highest point of the hilly land can be normally fertilized, the water pressure of the main pipeline 24 in the drought-resistant fertilization system is controlled to be the water pressure of the main pipeline corresponding to the water and fertilizer amount discharged from the highest point of the hilly land. Generally, when the water pressure of the main pipeline is designed to meet the requirement of the highest point for discharging the required water and fertilizer, the flow of the water at the low point is overlarge, and at the moment, the flow limiting size of the electric flow limiting valve needs to be adjusted to be basically consistent with the water outlet at the high point.

In the present invention, each branch pipe 18 in the zonal current-limiting control unit is detachably connected and communicated with an irrigation device. The irrigation equipment comprises a partition hose 25 and a diversion pipe 26, the other end of each branch pipe 18 is fixedly connected with one partition hose 25, the other end of each partition hose 25 is closed, the bottoms of the other ends of the partition hoses are equidistantly detachably connected with one another and communicated with the diversion pipe 26 with multiple hard parts, and each diversion pipe 26 extends vertically downwards. Realizing deep application, promoting the downward growth of root systems and prolonging the service life of fruit trees.

The present invention also has a flow stabilizer 27 mounted on the partition hose 25 and corresponding to the top of each draft tube 26 in a conventional manner. The flow stabilizer 27 is arranged to ensure the stable outflow of each flow guide pipe 26.