阅读说明：本技术 一种粮仓谷物低温储存的高效散热系统及其工作方法 (Efficient cooling system for low-temperature grain storage of granary and working method of efficient cooling system ) 是由 姚寿广 赵汀 付林 顾阳 赵福海 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种粮仓谷物低温储存的高效散热系统,包括蓄水池、热管组件、地源热泵组件和通风组件,蓄水池置于粮仓底部的地下,热管组件的蒸发端置于蓄水池中,冷凝端置于地上,蒸发端与冷凝端由上升管和下降管相连接构成循环回路。地源热泵组件包括置于蓄水池的U型管和水泵,U型管的弯曲部设置在土壤中。通风组件包括置于蓄水池中的S型管道,其一端与鼓风机相连,另一端与地面鼓风机相连,横向通风管连接鼓风机向粮仓通风,排风管连接排风机对粮仓抽风,鼓风机与通风阀门相连形成第二入口。本发明还公开了该系统的工作方法。本发明无需使用专门空调系统的情况下实现粮食的低温储存,大幅减少能源消耗,降低储粮成本,保障粮食质量。(The invention discloses a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage of a granary, which comprises a water storage tank, a heat pipe component, a ground source heat pump component and a ventilation component, wherein the water storage tank is arranged underground at the bottom of the granary, an evaporation end of the heat pipe component is arranged in the water storage tank, a condensation end is arranged on the ground, and the evaporation end and the condensation end are connected through an ascending pipe and a descending pipe to form a circulation loop. The ground source heat pump assembly comprises a U-shaped pipe and a water pump, wherein the U-shaped pipe and the water pump are arranged in the reservoir, and the bent part of the U-shaped pipe is arranged in soil. The ventilation assembly comprises an S-shaped pipeline arranged in the reservoir, one end of the S-shaped pipeline is connected with the air blower, the other end of the S-shaped pipeline is connected with the ground air blower, the transverse ventilation pipe is connected with the air blower to ventilate the granary, the exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust fan to exhaust air of the granary, and the air blower is connected with the ventilation valve to form a second inlet. The invention also discloses a working method of the system. The invention realizes the low-temperature storage of the grain without using a special air conditioning system, greatly reduces the energy consumption, reduces the grain storage cost and ensures the grain quality.)

1. An efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in a granary is characterized by comprising a water storage tank, a heat pipe assembly, a ground source heat pump assembly and a ventilation assembly, wherein the water storage tank is arranged underground the granary and is filled with water, the heat pipe assembly comprises an evaporation end, a condensation end, a steam channel and a condensation backflow channel, the condensation end is arranged above the ground, the evaporation end is arranged in the water storage tank, the steam channel and the condensation backflow channel are respectively connected between the evaporation end and the condensation end to form a circulation loop, a heat pipe working medium is filled in the circulation loop, the ground source heat pump assembly comprises a plurality of U-shaped pipes and a water pump, the bent parts of the U-shaped pipes are embedded in soil to form a soil coupling geothermal heat exchanger, the first ends of the U-shaped pipes are directly communicated with the water storage tank, and the second ends of the U-shaped pipes are connected with an outlet of the water pump, the water pump sets up in the cistern, the ventilation subassembly includes ground air-blower, S type pipeline, air-blower, ventilation valve, air exhauster, transverse ventilation pipe and exhaust pipe, S type pipeline set up in among the cistern, the entry end of S type pipeline set up on ground and with the exit linkage of ground air-blower, the exit end of S type pipeline set up on ground and with the entry linkage of air-blower, the entry of air-blower passes through the formation of ventilation valve is located another entry outside the granary, the exit linkage of air-blower transverse ventilation pipe, transverse ventilation pipe to supply air in the granary, the exhaust pipe set up in the granary, the exit linkage of exhaust pipe the entry of air exhauster, the export of air exhauster is drawn forth extremely outside the granary.

2. The high-efficiency cooling system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary according to claim 1, wherein a steam valve for opening and closing the steam channel is arranged on the steam channel, and a condensation valve for opening and closing the condensation return channel is arranged on the condensation return channel.

3. The efficient cooling system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation end and the condensation end each comprise a plurality of pipelines connected in parallel, and the condensation end is arranged on the roof of the granary.

4. The efficient cooling system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary according to claim 3, wherein an insulating layer is arranged between the condensation end and the roof of the granary.

5. The efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary of claim 1, wherein the heat pipe working medium is R410 a.

6. The efficient cooling system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of U-shaped pipes are arranged in parallel, the first ends of all the U-shaped pipes are connected with each other through a pipeline, and the second ends of all the U-shaped pipes are connected with an outlet of the water pump through a pipeline.

7. The efficient cooling system for low-temperature storage of grain in a granary according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped pipe is a high-density polyethylene pipe.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the lateral ventilation duct and the exhaust duct are respectively disposed on the walls of the granary at opposite sides of the granary.

9. An operating method of an efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in a granary is characterized in that the operating method is based on the efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary of claim 1, when the ambient temperature exceeds a first operating temperature but does not exceed a second operating temperature, the ventilation valve, the air blower and the exhaust fan are opened, the ground air blower and the water pump are closed, when the ambient temperature exceeds the second operating temperature, the ventilation valve is closed, the air blower, the exhaust fan, the ground air blower and the water pump are opened, the first operating temperature is 5-10 ℃, and the second operating temperature is 15-20 ℃.

10. A working method of an efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in a granary, the working method is based on the high-efficiency heat dissipation system for low-temperature storage of the granary grains in claim 2, when the environment temperature is not higher than the first working temperature, the steam valve and the condensation valve are opened, the ventilation valve, the blower, the exhaust fan, the ground blower and the water pump are closed, when the ambient temperature exceeds the first working temperature but not the second working temperature, the ventilation valve, the blower and the exhaust fan are opened, the steam valve, the condensation valve, the ground blower and the water pump are closed, when the environment temperature exceeds a second working temperature, the steam valve, the condensation valve and the ventilation valve are closed, the blower, the exhaust fan, the ground blower and the water pump are opened, the first working temperature is 5-10 ℃, and the second working temperature is 15-20 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a grain storage heat dissipation system and a working method thereof, in particular to a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in a grain storage and a working method thereof.

Background

Grain storage is a difficult problem in grain development in the world, and the low-temperature grain storage technology is the best method for delaying grain deterioration and maintaining grain quality generally considered at home and abroad at present. Namely, the grain pile in the warehouse is ventilated and cooled, so that the temperature of the grain is in a lower temperature state to keep the quality of the stored grain, and the aim of safe grain storage is fulfilled. In order to realize low-temperature grain storage, a high-power air conditioning unit is generally adopted in the prior art to provide cooling air to ventilate and cool grain piles in a bin, and although the cooling effect is obvious, the method has high energy consumption and high cost.

Some systems using heat pipes in the prior art also exist, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN213638945U discloses a cooling system using solar power to dissipate heat of a granary, which includes an indoor heat pipe disposed in the granary, an outdoor heat pipe outside the granary, and a fan, wherein a tail end of the indoor heat pipe is communicated with a head end of the outdoor heat pipe, the outdoor heat pipe is higher than the indoor heat pipe, the fan is disposed outside a wall of the granary and beside the outdoor heat pipe, a solar panel is disposed on a top of the granary, and the solar panel is electrically connected with the fan. The scheme utilizes solar energy and the heat pipe to dissipate heat and cool, and has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in a granary, so that the problem of low-temperature grain storage with high energy and high cost is solved, and the energy consumption of grain storage is further reduced. Another task of the invention is to provide a working method of the efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage of the granary.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-efficiency heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage of a granary comprises a water storage tank, a heat pipe assembly, a ground source heat pump assembly and a ventilation assembly, wherein the water storage tank is arranged underground of the granary and filled with water, the heat pipe assembly comprises an evaporation end, a condensation end, a steam channel and a condensation backflow channel, the condensation end is arranged on the ground, the evaporation end is arranged in the water storage tank, the steam channel and the condensation backflow channel are respectively connected between the evaporation end and the condensation end to form a circulation loop, a heat pipe working medium is filled in the circulation loop, the ground source heat pump assembly comprises a plurality of U-shaped pipes and a water pump, the bent parts of the U-shaped pipes are embedded in soil to form a soil coupling geothermal heat exchanger, the first ends of the U-shaped pipes are directly communicated with the water storage tank, the second ends of the U-shaped pipes are connected with an outlet of the water pump, and the water pump is arranged in the water storage tank, the ventilation subassembly includes ground air-blower, S type pipeline, air-blower, ventilation valve, air exhauster, transverse ventilation pipe and exhaust pipe, S type pipeline set up in among the cistern, the entry end of S type pipeline set up on ground and with the exit linkage of ground air-blower, the exit end of S type pipeline set up on ground and with the entry linkage of air-blower, the entry of air-blower passes through the formation of ventilation valve is located another entry outside the granary, the exit linkage of air-blower transverse ventilation pipe, transverse ventilation pipe to supply air in the granary, the exhaust pipe set up in the granary, the exit linkage of exhaust pipe the entry of air exhauster, the export of air exhauster is drawn forth to outside the granary.

Further, in order to better control the operation of the heat pipe assembly, a steam valve for opening and closing the steam passage is provided on the steam passage, and a condensation valve for opening and closing the condensation return passage is provided on the condensation return passage.

Furthermore, the evaporation end and the condensation end both comprise a plurality of pipelines connected in parallel, and the condensation end is arranged on the roof of the granary.

Further, in order to prevent heat from entering the granary when the condensation end is condensed to release heat, an insulating layer is arranged between the condensation end and the roof of the granary.

Further, the heat pipe working medium is R410 a.

Furthermore, the U-shaped pipes are arranged in parallel and side by side, the first ends of all the U-shaped pipes are connected with each other through pipelines, and the second ends of all the U-shaped pipes are connected with outlets of the water pumps through pipelines.

Further, the U-shaped pipe is a high-density polyethylene pipe.

Furthermore, the transverse ventilation pipe and the exhaust pipe are respectively arranged on the walls on two opposite sides of the granary.

The working method is based on the efficient cooling system for low-temperature grain storage of the granary, when the ambient temperature exceeds a first working temperature but does not exceed a second working temperature, the ventilation valve, the air blower and the exhaust fan are opened, the ground air blower and the water pump are closed, when the ambient temperature exceeds the second working temperature, the ventilation valve is closed, the air blower, the exhaust fan, the ground air blower and the water pump are opened, the first working temperature is 5-10 ℃, and the second working temperature is 15-20 ℃.

Further, when ambient temperature is no longer than first operating temperature, open steam valve and condensation valve close ventilation valve, air-blower, exhaust fan, ground air-blower and water pump, when ambient temperature surpassed first operating temperature but is not more than second operating temperature, open ventilation valve, air-blower and exhaust fan, close steam valve, condensation valve, ground air-blower and water pump, when ambient temperature surpassed second operating temperature, close steam valve, condensation valve and ventilation valve open air-blower, exhaust fan, ground air-blower and water pump, first operating temperature is 5 ~ 10 ℃, second operating temperature is 15 ~ 20 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

by the heat pipe assembly, the ground source heat pump assembly and the ventilation assembly working independently or in combination at different environmental temperatures, when the environmental temperature is lower, such as winter, the cold energy of the natural environment cold source outside the granary is guided into the water storage tank for cold accumulation, when the environment temperature is moderate, the environmental air is directly utilized to cool the grain pile, and when the environment temperature is higher, the air inlet temperature is lowered through the water with lower temperature in the reservoir, the water temperature of the reservoir is kept to be not higher than 18 ℃ by the ground source heat pump assembly, so that the granary is always in a low-temperature or quasi-low-temperature storage state, because the cold accumulation of the reservoir is fully utilized in the low-temperature environment in winter, and the reservoir is kept at a lower water temperature by adopting the ground source heat pump assembly, the energy consumption and the grain storage cost are greatly reduced, the low-temperature storage of the grains is realized under the condition of not using a special air conditioning system, and the grain quality is guaranteed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the high-efficiency heat dissipation technology and system structure for low-temperature grain storage in the granary of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system heat pipe set and water reservoir.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a ground source heat pump set and a water reservoir of the system.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an efficient heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in a granary according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a water reservoir 12, a heat pipe assembly, a ground source heat pump assembly, and a ventilation assembly. The specific structural arrangement of the system is as follows: a cuboid water reservoir 12 is arranged under the single-storey barn 1. The heat pipe assembly includes an evaporation end 2, a vapor passage (riser) 4, a condensate return passage (downcomer) 5, and a condensation end 3. The evaporating end 2 is arranged in the reservoir 12 and comprises a plurality of parallel pipelines, the condensing end 3 is arranged on the roof of the one-storey barn 1 and also comprises a plurality of parallel pipelines, and the condensing section is preferably distributed on the whole roof surface. Can set up heat preservation 17 between the roof of condensation end 3 and one-storey house granary 1, heat preservation 17 can prevent on the one hand that condensation end 3 is exothermic in with the granary, also can reduce the sunshine and penetrate the roof of one-storey house granary 1 in addition and produce the influence to the grain heap directly. The parallel arrangement pipelines of the evaporation end 2 and the parallel arrangement pipelines of the condensation end 3 are respectively connected through a steam channel 4 for the evaporation and the rising of working media and a condensate descending and returning channel 5 to form a loop, and the pipelines of the heat pipe assembly are filled with R410a working media to ensure the heat transfer effect of the heat pipe. In order to control the working state of the heat pipe assembly conveniently, a steam valve 6 is arranged on the steam channel 4, a condensing valve 7 is arranged on the condensing reflux channel 5, and when the external environmental conditions meet the working requirements of the heat pipe assembly, the steam valve 6 and the condensing valve 7 can be opened to enable the heat pipe working medium to absorb heat at the evaporation end 2 and evaporate and release heat at the condensation end 3 to be condensed to form working medium circulation.

The ventilation assembly comprises a blower 10, an exhaust duct 15, an exhaust fan 13, an S-shaped pipeline 11, a transverse ventilation pipe 14, a ventilation valve 18 and a ground blower 19. Wherein the exhaust duct 15 and the transverse ventilation pipe 14 are positioned on the walls of two opposite sides of the single-storey barn 1, and are respectively provided with a plurality of air suction openings formed by the inlets of the exhaust duct 15, and a plurality of air inlets formed by the outlets of the transverse ventilation pipe 14. The exhaust pipe 15 is connected with the inlet of the exhaust fan 13 after being converged, the outlet of the exhaust fan 13 forms an exhaust outlet 16, and the exhaust outlet 16 is arranged outside the one-storey barn 1. An S-shaped pipe 11 is arranged in the reservoir 12, the outlet end of the S-shaped pipe 11 being connected to the inlet of the blower 10, the outlet of the blower 10 being connected to the inlet of a transverse draft tube 14. The inlet end of the S-pipe 11 is connected to the outlet of a ground blower 19. Both the blower 10 and the ground blower 19 are arranged above ground, wherein the ground blower 19 is located outside the single-storey barn 1. The inlet of the blower 10 also forms a second inlet outside the single-storey silo 1 via the line of the ventilation valve 18. The purpose of the bottom blower 19 is to suck the outside environment air into the S-shaped pipeline 11 and exchange heat in the reservoir 12, the heat exchange is finished to be low-temperature gas, the purpose of the blower 10 is to make the low-temperature gas enter the grain pile through the transverse ventilation pipe 14, or directly make the outside environment air enter the grain pile through the transverse ventilation pipe 14, and therefore the temperature of the grain pile is reduced.

Referring to fig. 3 again, the ground source heat pump assembly includes a U-shaped pipe 8 and a water pump 9, the U-shaped pipe 8 is provided with a plurality of parallel pipes, and the bent portion of the U-shaped pipe 8 is buried in the soil. The two ends of the U-shaped pipe 8 are arranged in a reservoir 12, wherein the first end is directly communicated with the reservoir 12 through a communicating pipe, the second end is connected with a water pump 9 through a communicating pipe, and the water pump 9 is also arranged in the reservoir 12. The water in the reservoir 12 is pumped into the U-shaped pipe 8 by the operation of the water pump 9 and flows back to the reservoir 12 after passing through the ground. In order to realize a good heat exchange effect, the U-shaped pipe 8 is made of a high-density polyethylene pipe.

The working mode of the high-efficiency heat dissipation system for low-temperature grain storage in the granary of the embodiment is as follows: when the environmental temperature is below 0 ℃ in winter, the ground source heat pump assembly is closed, a steam channel valve 6 and a condensation backflow channel valve 7 of the heat pipe assembly are opened, the heat pipe assembly works normally, after the working medium in the evaporation end 2 absorbs the heat of water in the water storage tank 12, the working medium is vaporized and rises along the steam channel 4 to enter the condensation end 3, the vaporous working medium exchanges heat with external cold air serving as a natural cold source at the condensation end 3 and is condensed into liquid, then the liquid flows back to the evaporation end 4 along the condensation channel 5, and the external cold air naturally releases cold energy into the grain storage pile to maintain the low temperature of the grain pile. The water in the reservoir 12 can be reduced to about 0 ℃ according to the environmental temperature condition and even frozen to form ice for cold storage.

When the temperature in spring reaches above 10 ℃, the steam passage valve 6 and the condensation backflow passage valve 7 of the heat pipe assembly are closed at the moment, the heat pipe assembly stops working, the ventilation valve 18, the exhaust fan 13 and the air blower 10 are opened, the air blower 10 blows air with low temperature outside into the grain stack through the transverse ventilation pipe 14 through the ventilation valve 18, hot air in the grain stack is pumped out through the exhaust pipe 15 by the exhaust fan 13 and is discharged out of the granary through the air outlet 16, mechanical ventilation is carried out, and the quasi-low-temperature grain storage state is kept.

When the temperature in summer reaches above 20 ℃, the ventilation valve 18 is closed, the blower 10, the ground blower 19 and the exhaust fan 13 are opened, the ground blower 19 introduces the ambient air into the S-shaped pipeline 11, and the warmer ambient air exchanges heat with cold water in the reservoir 12 in the S-shaped pipeline 11 to form low-temperature gas which flows into the granary. Namely, the cold storage amount of the reservoir 12 is utilized to keep the quasi-low temperature grain storage state.

The temperature of water in the reservoir 12 is gradually increased along with the rise of the temperature, when the temperature of the water in the reservoir 12 reaches 15 ℃, the ground source heat pump group 9 is started to work, the water in the reservoir 12 is pumped into the soil buried pipe type heat pump system, the soil coupling geothermal heat exchanger formed by the U-shaped pipe 8 works, the purpose of heat exchange between the water in the reservoir 12 and the ground soil is achieved, the water tank temperature is kept at 15 ℃ by utilizing the heat exchange of the ground source heat pump before the late autumn, the mechanical ventilation of the granary is guaranteed to have the temperature not higher than 18 ℃, and the granary is always in a quasi-low temperature storage state all the year round.

In the working process, the exhaust fan 13 is timely opened according to the temperature in the grain stack, and the air passes through the grain stack under the action of the pressure difference formed by the operation of the exhaust fan 13, so that the temperature of the grain stack is reduced by utilizing the ambient air with lower temperature or the ambient air cooled by heat exchange of the reservoir 12, the internal temperature of the grain in the granary is controlled below 18 ℃, and the quasi-low-temperature storage of the grain is realized.