阅读说明：本技术 一种数字化拆解嵌套式可摘局部义齿 (Digital disassembly nested removable partial denture ) 是由 于海洋 张呐 方婷露 王嘉莹 戴云涵 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种数字化拆解嵌套式可摘局部义齿,根据口内粉白美学中的牙冠与牙龈颜色不同,可将传统可摘局部义齿拆解为牙龈边缘线以上的冠部结构以及牙龈边缘线以下的龈端结构；即这种数字化拆解嵌套式可摘局部义齿只包括两个部件,两个部件通过两者吻合面上的阴性和阳性结构互相嵌合,精准定位两个义齿部件,并进一步采用粘接剂连接结合为一体。本发明的数字化义齿两个部件的拆分、精准定位及连接方案充分利用了数字化义齿成型技术的便利,也有效解决了传统可摘局部义齿存在的美观性不佳、制作程序复杂、加工精度不足、结合强度不足等问题。(The invention discloses a digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture, which can be disassembled into a crown structure above a gingival margin line and a gingival end structure below the gingival margin line according to different colors of a crown and a gingiva in the oral whitening aesthetics; the digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture only comprises two parts, the two parts are mutually embedded through a negative structure and a positive structure on the matching surface of the two parts, the two denture parts are accurately positioned, and the two denture parts are further connected and combined into a whole by adopting an adhesive. The scheme for splitting, accurately positioning and connecting the two parts of the digital denture fully utilizes the convenience of the digital denture forming technology, and also effectively solves the problems of poor aesthetic property, complex manufacturing procedure, insufficient processing precision, insufficient bonding strength and the like of the traditional detachable partial denture.)

1. The utility model provides a partial denture can be plucked to digital dismantlement nested formula, characterized in that, including retainer (1), crown (2) and base plate (3), retainer (1) includes first-order retainer (101) and second grade retainer (102), and first-order retainer (101) and crown (2) combination form crown structure (4), and second grade retainer (102) and base plate (3) combination form gum end structure (5), crown structure (4) and gum end structure (5) mutual gomphosis maintenance integration are removable partial denture wholly.

2. The digital disassembled nested removable partial denture according to claim 1, wherein the primary retainer (101) is a snap ring structure and is placed on the first abutment near the edentulous space, and the secondary retainer (102) is a snap ring structure and is placed on the abutment far from the edentulous space; the snap ring structure surrounds the abutment to provide retention for the partial denture.

3. A digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base plate (3) is of an annular arc structure, the base plate (3) comprises a tissue surface (301) and a polishing surface (302), the tissue surface (301) is in accordance with the tooth and gum shape, the tissue surface (301) expands outwards to form the polishing surface (302); the substrate (3) and the secondary retainer (102) are connected into an integral structure.

4. The digital disassembled nested removable partial denture according to claim 1, wherein the dental crowns (2) are arranged on the base plate (3) to form a crown structure (4) with the primary retainers (101), the dental crowns (2) are continuously arranged along the annular direction of the base plate (3), and the backs of the primary retainers (101) abut against the abutment on the edentulous space side of the dental crowns (2).

5. The digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture according to claim 1, wherein the connection surface of the crown structure (4) is an inwards concave female connection structure, the connection surface of the gum end structure (5) is an outwards convex male connection structure, the female connection structure of the crown structure (4) and the male connection structure of the gum end structure (5) are embedded through mechanical retention, and the connection surfaces of the crown structure (4) and the gum end structure (5) are integrated into a removable partial denture whole through bonding retention.

6. A digital disassembled nested removable partial denture according to claim 1, wherein the crown structure (4) and the gingival tip structure (5) are made of a material of polyetheretherketone having a tooth color and a gingival color, respectively.

7. A method of manufacturing a digital disassembled nested partial denture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising

S1: acquiring a digital model: the optical scanning instrument directly scans the mouth of a patient to obtain a dentition model or indirectly scans a plaster model of the patient;

s2: digitally designing the denture: disassembling the partial denture into a crown structure (4) above a gum margin line and a gum end structure (5) below the gum margin line; according to three functions of repairing loss, fixing stability and connection force transfer of the false tooth, the false tooth is disassembled into a dental crown (2), a fixing body (1) and a substrate (3), a fixing type structure is placed on the substrate (3) to form a gingival end structure (5), clamping ring data of the dental crown (2) and the fixing body (1) are combined, and a crown structure (4) with a negative fixing type structure is obtained through Boolean operation with the substrate;

s3: digital cutting machining: importing the aesthetic detachable partial denture design STL data into processing software for typesetting, and adding a support rod; numerically cutting the crown structure (4) and the gingival end structure (5) made of the polyether-ether-ketone material and then removing the supporting rod;

s4: the crown structure (4) is placed on the substrate (3) through the position-retaining type connecting structure to form mechanical retention, the false tooth is blasted after the position is confirmed, and the false tooth is coated with adhesive and is cured by light to be integrated into a whole after being cleaned up, so that the digital disassembly and nesting type removable partial false tooth is formed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture, and relates to the technical field of medical sanitation of denture repair.

Background

Currently, for patients with a large number of missing teeth, removable partial dentures are one of the most common repair methods. The artificial tooth has many components, and comprises a bracket, an artificial tooth and a base, wherein the bracket comprises a snap ring, a support bracket, a connector and other structures. The three parts are made of different materials, the bracket is usually made of metal materials, and the artificial tooth and the base are respectively made of resin with tooth color and gum color. All parts need to be designed and processed respectively and are connected into a whole indirectly in a glue filling mode finally. Conventional removable partial dentures have some problems during long-term use. Firstly, in terms of materials, the metal snap ring is easily exposed when a patient speaks or smiles, so that the attractiveness is insufficient; some patients are sensitive to metal and cannot accept the metal taste; the resin artificial tooth has poor wear resistance. Secondly, in the aspect of process, the complex structure of the removable partial denture leads to complex manufacturing procedure; the precision of the casting processing mode is insufficient, and casting defects are easy to generate; the artificial tooth is not high in integral structure and strength due to the glue filling mode, and the problems of base fracture, artificial tooth falling and the like easily occur after long-term use. Therefore, a simple and effective solution is needed to overcome the existing defects of the removable partial denture in terms of components and connection modes.

The invention patent application with the application number of CN201910030756.3 discloses a removable partial denture and a manufacturing process thereof, wherein the denture comprises a bracket, an artificial tooth and an artificial gum, and the bracket comprises a snap ring, a support, a large connector, a small connector and a saddle base plate; the saddle base plate is plate-shaped and is contacted with and covered on the surface of the edentulous gum; the artificial gum is arranged on the surface of the saddle substrate far away from the gum side; an artificial tooth root is disposed in the artificial gum. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: collecting patient oral data; constructing an integral removable partial denture model through oral data; and based on the constructed integral removable partial denture model, the disc-shaped PEEK material is cut once to obtain the integral removable partial denture. The false tooth manufactured by the scheme of the invention is not easy to split and fall off, has light texture and no peculiar smell, is high in fitting degree with the oral cavity of a patient, does not damage the light mucous membrane of the oral cavity of the patient, can reduce the number of times of the patient to see a doctor, and has good protection effect on the remaining teeth of the patient. The process of the invention can rapidly manufacture the false tooth which is suitable for the oral cavity of the patient with high precision. However, the partial denture structure disclosed by the invention still adopts the naming definition and the structural form of the traditional denture, and does not relate to the new naming scheme of the two components related in the application, and the technical scheme contents of positioning, fixing, bonding and the like on the connection inosculation surface between the two components; further, if the glue filling manner of the invention with application number CN201910030756.3 is adopted, the overall bonding strength of the partial denture is not high, and the problem of first-class artificial tooth falling due to base fracture is easy to occur after long-term use, which also indicates that the invention with application number CN201910030756.3 is completely based on the naming definition and structure form of the traditional removable partial denture, and is completely different from the content of our application.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solve the above problems, and provides a digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture, which can be disassembled into a crown structure above the gingival margin line and a gingival end structure below the gingival margin line according to the color difference between the crown and the gingival in the oral whitening aesthetics, i.e., the digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture comprises only two parts, the two parts are mutually embedded through the female and male structures on the mating surfaces of the two parts, the two denture parts are precisely positioned, and are further connected and combined into a whole by using an adhesive.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the invention discloses a digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture which is characterized by comprising a retainer, a dental crown and a substrate, wherein the retainer comprises a primary retainer and a secondary retainer, the primary retainer and the dental crown are combined to form a crown structure, the crown structure comprises an artificial dental crown, a snap ring, a dental rest, a partial base and the like in the traditional removable partial denture, the secondary retainer and the substrate are combined to form a gingival end structure, the gingival end structure comprises a large connector, a base and the like in the traditional removable partial denture, and the crown structure and the gingival end structure are mutually embedded, retained and integrated into a removable partial denture whole.

Furthermore, the primary retainer is of a snap ring structure and is arranged on the first abutment close to the gap of the missing tooth, and the secondary retainer is of a snap ring structure and is arranged on the abutment far away from the gap of the missing tooth; the primary retainer and the secondary retainer are connected and combined into a snap ring through the base plate, and the snap ring surrounds the abutment teeth to provide retention for the partial denture.

Furthermore, the base plate is of an annular arc-shaped structure and comprises a tissue surface and a polishing surface, the tissue surface is attached to the tooth and gum shape, and the tissue surface is outwards expanded to form the polishing surface; the base plate and the secondary retainer are connected into an integral structure.

Furthermore, the dental crown is arranged on the base plate and forms a crown structure with the primary retainer, the dental crown is continuously arranged along the annular direction of the base plate, and the back side of the primary retainer is abutted to the abutment on the tooth missing gap side of the dental crown.

Further, the crown structure connecting surface is an inwards concave negative connecting structure, the gum end structure connecting surface is an outwards convex positive connecting structure, the crown structure negative connecting structure and the gum end structure positive connecting structure are embedded through mechanical retention, and the crown structure and the gum end structure connecting surface are bonded and retained to be integrated into a removable partial denture whole.

Further, the crown structure and the gingival end structure are made of the polyetheretherketone material with the tooth color and the gingival color respectively.

Further, the preparation method of the digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture comprises the following steps

S1: acquiring a digital model: the optical scanning instrument directly scans the mouth of a patient to obtain a dentition model or indirectly scans a plaster model of the patient;

s2: digitally designing the denture: the partial denture is disassembled into a gum end structure below a first-level gum margin line of a crown structure above the gum margin line; the artificial tooth is disassembled into a crown, a retainer and a substrate according to three functions of repair loss, retention stability and connection force transmission of the artificial tooth, the retainer structure is placed on the substrate to form a gingival end structure, data of the crown and retainer clamping rings are combined, and a crown structure with a negative retention structure is obtained through Boolean operation with the substrate;

s3: digital cutting machining: importing the disassembled and nested removable partial denture design STL data into processing software for typesetting, and adding a support rod; numerically cutting the crown structure and the gingival end structure made of the polyether-ether-ketone material and then removing the supporting rod;

s4: the crown structure is placed on the substrate through the position-retaining type connecting structure to form mechanical retention, the false tooth is blasted after the position is confirmed, the false tooth is coated with adhesive and is cured by light after being cleaned, and the false tooth are integrated into a whole to form the digital disassembled and nested removable partial false tooth.

The invention has the following technical effects:

the invention provides a digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture, which effectively solves the problems of poor aesthetic property, complex manufacturing procedure, insufficient processing precision, insufficient bonding strength and the like of the traditional removable partial denture through a digital denture part disassembling and connecting scheme.

The method comprises the following specific steps:

1. the digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture is formed by processing all parts of the denture by adopting the non-metallic material of polyether-ether-ketone, has better biological safety and abrasion resistance, has the elastic modulus close to that of bones, and can better protect abutment teeth. In addition, the polyether-ether-ketone has lighter weight, so that the patient has better taste when wearing the mask; compared with the partial denture made of metal material, the artificial tooth has better aesthetic property and better wear resistance.

2. The digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture divides the denture into a crown structure and a gum end structure, improves the integral aesthetic property of the denture and is better matched with the oral environment. The metal snap ring can not be exposed when the patient socializes, and confidence is improved.

3. The digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture is processed in a numerical control cutting mode, the prosthesis precision is guaranteed, the processing procedure is shortened, and the denture manufacturing is convenient.

4. The digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture adopts a mechanical structure and an adhesion and retention dual mode to enhance the integral bonding strength.

5. The invention acquires the denture design from the oral information, adopts the digitization technology in the whole process from the final denture processing completion, simplifies the denture manufacturing process, improves the denture precision, and has high repeatability due to the digital data storage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a disassembled removable partial denture of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the combined structure of the crown structure and the gingival end structure of the detachable partial denture of the invention.

The labels in the figure are: 1-retainers, 101-primary retainers, 102-secondary retainers, 2-crowns, 3-baseplates, 301-tissue surfaces, 302-polished surfaces, 4-crown structures, 5-gingival end structures.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

In the embodiment, the adopted data is a preferred scheme, but is not used for limiting the invention;

as shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a digital disassembled and nested removable partial denture, comprising a retainer 1, a crown 2 and a base plate 3, wherein the retainer 1 comprises a primary retainer 101 and a secondary retainer 102, the primary retainer 101 and the crown 2 are combined to form a crown structure 4, the secondary retainer 102 and the base plate 3 are combined to form a gingival end structure 5, and the crown structure 4 and the gingival end structure 5 are mutually embedded and retained to be integrated into a removable partial denture as a whole.

In this embodiment, the assembly is disassembled into three parts, namely, a retainer, a crown and a base plate, according to three functions of prosthetic loss, retention stability and connection force transmission of the denture, and the embodiment adopts the secondary retainer 102 as an assembly principle: the retainer placed on the first abutment close to the tooth-missing gap is a primary retainer 101, the retainer placed on the abutment far away from the tooth-missing gap is a secondary retainer 102, the primary retainer 101 is assembled on the dental crown 2 to form a crown structure 4, the secondary retainer is assembled on the base plate to form a gingival end structure 5, the primary retainer 101 and the secondary retainer 102 are connected and combined through the base plate 3 to form a clamping ring, and the clamping ring surrounds the abutment to provide the retention for the local denture; this embodiment integrates the crown structure 4 and the gingival end structure 5 into a removable partial denture as a whole with an adhesive by means of three functional and definitive components, by means of mechanical retention engagement and adhesive retention. The embodiment strengthens the whole bonding strength through the simplest structural component, and the structure has strong connection stability and convenient manufacture.

In this embodiment, the substrate 3 is an annular arc-shaped structure, the substrate 3 includes a tissue surface 301 and a polishing surface 302, the tissue surface 301 is attached to the tooth and gum, and the tissue surface 301 is expanded outward to form the polishing surface 302; the substrate 3 and the secondary retainer 102 are connected to form an integral structure. In this embodiment, the substrate 3 is attached to the gum to form a basic connection surface, the first-level retainer 101 and the second-level retainer 102 are both open ring structures, and further, in this embodiment, the retainers 1 are placed on the abutment teeth on both sides of the edentulous position, but at this time, a branch point line is formed, the denture is unstable, and a branch point plane needs to be formed by adding one more retainer 1 to the opposite dentition to conform to the biomechanics principle. Preferably, the present embodiment can design the dental crown 2 and the retainer 1 according to the missing tooth condition of different patients, and then form a stable joint by connection.

In this embodiment, the crown 2 is disposed on the base plate 3 to form a crown structure 4 with the primary retainers 101, the crown 2 is continuously disposed along the annular direction of the base plate 3, the back side of the primary retainers 101 abuts against the abutment on the side of the tooth lack gap of the crown 2, as shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, natural abutments are disposed on both sides of the tooth lack gap, so that the primary retainers 101 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the crown. The dental crown 2 is composed of a plurality of continuous abutment teeth, the primary retainer 101 and the dental crown 2 are connected to form an integral structure in the embodiment, so that the integrity of the dental crown is enhanced to form a crown structure 4 of the integral structure, and a gingival end structure 5 of the crown structure 4 of the integral structure is formed by combining a small number of components in the embodiment; furthermore, the connecting surface of the crown structure 4 is an inwards concave negative connecting structure, the connecting surface of the gum end structure 5 is an outwards convex positive connecting structure, the negative connecting structure of the crown structure 4 and the positive connecting structure of the gum end structure 5 are embedded through mechanical retention, and the connecting surfaces of the crown structure 4 and the gum end structure 5 are integrated into a removable partial denture whole through bonding and retention; the embodiment is connected with the integral structure through the integral structure after combination so as to strengthen the integral combination strength of the partial denture.

In this embodiment, the crown structure 4 and the gingival end structure 5 are made of polyetheretherketone materials with tooth color and gingival color respectively; the polyether-ether-ketone has better biological safety and wear resistance, the elastic modulus of the polyether-ether-ketone is close to that of bones, and the abutment can be better protected; in addition, the polyether-ether-ketone has lighter weight, better mouthfeel is provided when a patient wears the denture, and the combination of the combining parts with different colors is adopted to improve the aesthetic property of the partial denture.

In this embodiment, the method for manufacturing the digitally disassembled and nested removable partial denture comprises

S1: acquiring a digital model: the optical scanning instrument directly scans the mouth of a patient to obtain a dentition model or indirectly scans a plaster model of the patient; the removable partial denture is a few-component combined structure arranged to be attached to the gum of a patient, so that a simple manufacturing model can be obtained through simple scanning;

s2: digitally designing the denture: the partial denture is disassembled into a crown structure 4 above a gum margin line and a gum end structure 5 below a first-level gum margin line; the artificial tooth is disassembled into a crown 2, a retainer 1 and a substrate 3 according to three functions of repair loss, retention stability and connection force transmission of the artificial tooth, a retention type structure is placed on the substrate 3 to form a gingival end structure 102, and the data of the retainer ring of the crown 2 and the retainer 1 are combined and subjected to Boolean operation with the substrate to obtain a crown structure 4 with a negative retention type structure;

s3: digital cutting machining: importing the disassembled and nested removable partial denture design STL data into processing software for typesetting, and adding a support rod; numerically cutting the crown structure 4 and the gingival end structure 5 made of polyether-ether-ketone materials and then removing the supporting rod;

s4: the crown structure 4 is placed on the substrate 3 through the position-retaining type connecting structure to form mechanical position retaining, the false tooth is sprayed after the position is confirmed, the false tooth is coated with adhesive and is solidified by light after being cleaned, and the false tooth are integrated into a whole to form the digital disassembled and nested removable partial false tooth.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.