阅读说明：本技术 一种具有电压监测功能的保险丝 (Fuse with voltage monitoring function ) 是由 李永杰 黄奇波 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开提供了一种具有电压监测功能的保险丝,包括第一电源、第二电源、隔离单元、控制与保护单元、通电单元、电流检测单元、电源管理单元、驱动单元和功率开关管；外部信号的传输和隔离单元的工作在第一电源；隔离单元、控制与保护单元工作在第二电源；隔离单元用于隔离第一电源和第二电源的之间的信号；其实隔离单元就是为了隔离不同电源域之间的信号,以避免因为不同电源域之间信号的工作电源电压不同而导致信号传送错误,甚至导致不同电源域中的电路功能不正常。而这里信号可以分为外部信号和内部信号；即是外部信号为第一电源下的信号；内部信为第二电源下的信号。(The utility model provides a fuse with voltage monitoring function, which comprises a first power supply, a second power supply, an isolation unit, a control and protection unit, a power-on unit, a current detection unit, a power management unit, a driving unit and a power switch tube; the transmission and isolation unit of the external signal works in a first power supply; the isolation unit and the control and protection unit work in a second power supply; the isolation unit is used for isolating signals between the first power supply and the second power supply; in fact, the isolation unit is used for isolating signals between different power domains, so as to avoid signal transmission errors caused by different working power supply voltages of signals between different power domains, and even avoid abnormal functions of circuits in different power supply domains. And here the signals can be divided into external signals and internal signals; namely, the external signal is a signal under the first power supply; the internal signal is a signal under the second power supply.)

1. A fuse having a voltage monitoring function, comprising:

the power supply comprises a first power supply, a second power supply, an isolation unit, a control and protection unit, a power-on unit, a current detection unit, a power supply management unit, a driving unit and a power switch tube;

the isolation unit is used for isolating signals between the first power supply and the second power supply and processing the signals, wherein the signals are external signals and internal signals;

the power supply management unit is used for providing working voltage for other units in the fuse;

the power supply comprises a first power supply and a second power supply, wherein the first power supply and the second power supply are working voltages;

a current detection unit for detecting a current flowing through the passage unit;

and the control and protection unit is used for controlling the state of the access unit.

2. The fuse having a voltage monitoring function of claim 1 wherein said isolated power supply input voltage is connected to a first voltage; one of the outputs is connected with a second voltage after subsequent processing; or the input voltage of the isolation power supply is connected with a second voltage; one of the outputs is connected to a first voltage after subsequent processing.

3. The fuse with voltage monitoring function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the input voltage of the isolated power supply is an external power supply, and the first voltage output and the second voltage output are connected to the first voltage and the second voltage respectively after subsequent processing.

4. The fuse having a voltage monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein the winding directions of the primary and secondary coils of the isolated power supply are identical or opposite.

5. The fuse with voltage monitoring function as claimed in claim 1, wherein said isolated power supply is in the form of multi-output forward or flyback.

6. The fuse with voltage monitoring function as claimed in claim 1, wherein said isolated power supply is in flyback or forward form.

7. The fuse having a voltage monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein said power management unit is an isolated power supply.

8. The fuse with voltage monitoring function of claim 1 wherein said isolated power supply is in a half bridge or full bridge form.

9. The fuse having a voltage monitoring function according to claim 1, wherein said power management unit is an integrated circuit chip.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuses, in particular to a fuse with a voltage monitoring function.

Background

A fuse, also called a fuse, is an electrical component installed in an electrical circuit to ensure the safe operation of the circuit. The fuse has the following functions: when the circuit is in fault or abnormal, the circuit is raised continuously, and the raised current may damage some important devices or valuable devices in the circuit, or may burn the circuit or even cause fire, so that the fuse will fuse itself and cut off the current when the current is raised to a certain height and for a certain time, thereby protecting the safe operation of the circuit.

However, the existing fuse mostly utilizes the heating fusing principle, the fuse link part is the core of the fuse, the fuse link plays a role in cutting off current when fused, the requirement on the melt processing technology of the fuse is high, the response speed of the existing fuse is low, and the fusing current is difficult to control to an accurate value. The existing fuse is scrapped after being melted and can not be used any more. The fuse is in a normal end state and can normally work after power supply of a control power supply is needed. The existing fuse needs to be externally connected with a plurality of power supplies, and has a complex mounting structure and high cost. The voltage state monitoring for the fuse is simple but not accurate enough, resulting in insufficient internal protection.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of an embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide a fuse having a voltage monitoring function.

To this end, the present disclosure provides a fuse with a voltage monitoring function, including: the power supply comprises a first power supply, a second power supply, an isolation unit, a control and protection unit, a power-on unit, a current detection unit, a power supply management unit, a driving unit and a power switch tube; the isolation unit is used for isolating signals between the first power supply and the second power supply and processing the signals, wherein the signals are external signals and internal signals; the power management unit is used for providing working voltage for other units in the fuse; the power supply comprises a first power supply and a second power supply, wherein the first power supply and the second power supply are working voltages; a current detection unit for detecting a current flowing through the passage unit; and the control and protection unit is used for controlling the state of the access unit.

Preferably, the isolated power supply input voltage is connected to a first voltage; one of the outputs is connected with a second voltage after subsequent processing; or the input voltage of the isolated power supply is connected with the second voltage; one of the outputs is connected to a first voltage after subsequent processing.

Preferably, the input voltage of the isolation power supply is an external power supply, and the first voltage output and the second voltage output are respectively connected with the first voltage and the second voltage after subsequent processing.

Preferably, the winding directions of the main and secondary coils of the isolated power supply are identical or opposite.

Preferably, the isolated power supply is in the form of multi-output forward or flyback.

Preferably, the isolated power supply is in a flyback or forward form.

Preferably, the power management unit is an isolated power supply.

Preferably, the isolated power supply is in the form of a half bridge or a full bridge.

Preferably, the power management unit is an integrated circuit chip.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, through the fuse, when the fuse is in a non-power supply state, the fuse can be normally conducted to work, the application range of the fuse is expanded, and the fuse realizes management control of different internal working power supplies through arranging the power supply management unit, so that the complexity of an external power supply is reduced, and the fuse is convenient to apply; meanwhile, the power supply has strong anti-interference capability, is convenient to realize multi-path output, has high safety and is easy to realize wide-range voltage input.

And the damage to the load after the power supply is abnormal is small, the normal and reliable work of the fuse can be well ensured, the state monitoring of the fuse is accurate, and the protection capability is strong.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuse with power management function of a fuse with voltage monitoring function according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of external signals of a fuse with voltage monitoring function according to the present invention.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:

1. a first power supply; 2. a second power supply; 3. an isolation unit; 4. a control protection unit; 5. a passage unit; 6. a current detection unit; 7. a power management unit; 8. a drive unit; 9. and a power switch tube.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The inventor finds that the fuse mostly utilizes the heating fusing principle, the fuse link part is the core of the fuse, the fuse link plays a role in cutting off current when fused, the requirement on the melt processing technology of the fuse is high, the response speed of the existing fuse is low, and the magnitude of the fusing current is difficult to control to an accurate value. The existing fuse is scrapped after being melted and can not be used any more. The fuse is in a normal end state and can normally work after power supply of a control power supply is needed. The existing fuse needs to be externally connected with a plurality of power supplies, and has a complex mounting structure and high cost. The voltage state monitoring for the fuse is simple but not accurate enough, resulting in insufficient internal protection.

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in an embodiment of the invention, a fuse with a voltage monitoring function includes a first power supply 1, a second power supply 2, an isolation unit 3, a control and protection unit 4, a power-on unit 5, a current detection unit 6, a power management unit 7, a driving unit 8, and a power switch 9.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the isolation unit 3 is configured to isolate signals between the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2 and process the signals, where the signals are external signals and internal signals. The transmission and isolation unit 3 of the external signal works in the first power supply 1; the isolation unit 3 and the control and protection unit 4 work in the second power supply 2; the isolation unit 3 is used for isolating signals between the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2; in fact, the isolation unit 3 is used to isolate signals between different power domains, so as to avoid signal transmission errors caused by different operating power supply voltages of signals between different power domains, and even avoid abnormal functions of circuits in different power domains. The isolation unit 3 performs isolation transmission of signals between different power domains by performing decoding and decoding processing on the signals of different power domains. And the signals mentioned herein can be divided into external signals and internal signals; namely, the external signal is the signal under the first power supply 1; the internal signal is the signal under the second power supply 2. The external signal is a signal for controlling the fuse and the outside interactively. The internal signal operates inside the fuse and is a signal operating under the second power supply 2 isolated by the isolation unit 3 with respect to the external signal.

Referring to fig. 1, the power management unit 7 provides operating voltages for other units within the fuse. A power management unit 7, since the different voltage domains are to be supplied with voltages; so takes the form of an isolated power supply. The isolation power supply has the function of ensuring electrical isolation between different voltage domains, the isolation function is to protect the safety of the system, and when interference or pulse exists at one end of the isolation power supply, other parts cannot be affected due to mutual isolation. The isolated power supply has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, convenience in realizing multi-path output, high safety and easiness in realizing wide-range voltage input; meanwhile, the damage to the load after the power supply is abnormal is small. The normal and reliable work of the fuse can be well guaranteed.

Referring to fig. 1, a first power supply 1 and a second power supply 2 are working voltages. After the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2 are normally powered on, if the current flowing through the path unit 5 exceeds a predetermined value, the current detection unit 6 sends a signal to the control and protection unit 4; the state control path unit 5, which controls the external signal combined with the protection unit 4 at the same time, becomes the off state; the transmission and isolation unit 3 of the external signal works in the first power supply 1; the isolation unit 3 and the control and protection unit 4 work in the second power supply 2; the isolation unit 3 is used for isolating signals between the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2; in fact, the isolation unit 3 is used to isolate signals between different power domains, so as to avoid signal transmission errors caused by different operating power supply voltages of signals between different power domains, and even avoid abnormal functions of circuits in different power domains. The isolation unit 3 performs isolation transmission of signals between different power domains by performing decoding and decoding processing on the signals of different power domains.

Referring to fig. 1, the current detection unit 6 is used for detecting the current flowing through the pass unit 5. Depending on the magnitude of the current flowing through the circuit, the current detection unit 6 will signal the control and protection unit 4, and at the same time, the current detection unit 6 implements the functional curve of I2t, and triggers protection with the curve of I2 t. The further current detecting unit 6 implements the functional curve of I2t by fitting, and may also implement the functional curve of I2t by other means. The protection mode is safer and more accurate than that of the traditional fuse, different overcurrent multiples and overcurrent time can be set according to different products, and the current detection unit 6 can be realized by a resistor and can also be a current transformer, such as a Hall current transformer, a TMR current transformer, a flux gate current transformer, a Rogowski coil current transformer and the like.

Referring to fig. 1, the control and protection unit 4 is used for controlling the state of the pass unit 5. After the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2 are normally powered on, if the current flowing through the path unit 5 exceeds a predetermined value, the current detection unit 6 sends a signal to the control and protection unit 4; the state control path unit 5, which controls the combination of the external signal with the protection unit 4, becomes the off state.

Referring to fig. 1, the isolated power input voltage is connected to a first voltage; one of the outputs is connected with a second voltage after subsequent processing; or the input voltage of the isolated power supply is connected with the second voltage; one of the outputs is connected to a first voltage after subsequent processing. After being processed by the isolation unit 3, the signals are converted into internal signals; the internal signal makes the access unit 5 in a conducting state through the control and protection unit 4; on the contrary, when the control signal is the second signal, the two signals are opposite, and the passage unit 5 is in the off state.

Referring to fig. 1, the input voltage of the isolation power supply is an external power supply, and the first voltage output and the second voltage output are respectively connected to the first voltage and the second voltage after subsequent processing. The isolation power supply input voltage is connected with a first voltage; one of the outputs is connected with a second voltage after subsequent processing; or the input voltage of the isolated power supply is connected with the second voltage; one of the outputs is connected with a first voltage after subsequent processing, and is converted into an internal signal after being processed by the isolation unit 3; the internal signal makes the access unit 5 in a conducting state through the control and protection unit 4; conversely, when the control signal is the second signal, the signal is opposite, and the path unit 5 is in the off state.

Referring to fig. 1, the winding directions of the primary and secondary coils of the isolated power supply are the same or opposite. If the secondary winding is reversed or the windings are identical but reversed, the actual head end is deliberately marked as tail end and the actual tail end is deliberately marked as head end, but nothing is said, an error occurs when the phase needs to be taken into account. Of course, when the phase is not considered, for example, only one secondary winding is directly connected with an electric appliance, and is directly connected with a bridge rectifier circuit.

Referring to fig. 1, the isolated power supply is in the form of multi-output forward or flyback. When the primary side is disconnected, the secondary side is opened and energy is released to the working state of the load. Typically, conventional flyback power supplies have more single tubes, but dual tubes are not common. The forward type is that when the primary side of the transformer is turned on, the secondary side induces a corresponding voltage and outputs it to the load, and energy is directly transferred through the transformer. According to the method, conventional advancing can be divided, and single tube advancing and double tube advancing are included. Both the half-bridge and the bridge circuit are forward circuits.

Referring to fig. 1, the isolated power supply is in a flyback or forward form. Flyback can be used in low power applications. For slightly larger circuits, a single tube forward circuit may be used. For medium power, a two-transistor forward circuit or a half-bridge circuit may be used. When the voltage is low, a push-pull circuit can be used, as in the half-bridge operating state. For high power output, a bridge circuit is usually used, while a push-pull circuit can also be used for low voltages.

Referring to fig. 1, the power management unit 7 is an isolated power supply. The input loop and the output loop of the power supply are not directly electrically connected, and the input and the output are in an insulated high-resistance state without a current loop. The isolated power supply is used for reducing the high voltage to the low voltage through a transformer and rectifying the high voltage into direct current. The conversion process is not connected with the ground, so that the conversion process has no electric shock hazard, is safer in application and is more complicated than a non-isolated power supply.

Referring to fig. 1, the isolated power supply is in a half-bridge or full-bridge form. Almost all the strain gauges have sensitivity which is multiplied compared with that of a bridge circuit, and the input and the output of the strain gauges are linear. The change of the strain gauge is detected by using the bridge circuit, and the strain gauge has the advantages of extremely low passing current and low self-heating of the strain gauge. Therefore, bridge circuits are often used in strain gage sensor applications. Taking a metal wire strain resistor as an example, when the metal wire is subjected to an external force, the length and the sectional area of the metal wire are changed, and it can be easily seen from the above formula that the resistance value is changed, if the metal wire is elongated by the external force, the length is increased, the sectional area is decreased, and the resistance value is increased.

Referring to fig. 1, the power management unit 7 is an integrated circuit chip. The power management unit 7 forms an integrated circuit chip with the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2, and the first voltage output and the second voltage output are respectively connected with the first voltage and the second voltage after subsequent processing. The isolation power supply input voltage is connected with a first voltage; one of the outputs is connected with a second voltage after subsequent processing; or the input voltage of the isolated power supply is connected with the second voltage; one of the outputs is connected to the first voltage after subsequent processing, and is converted into an internal signal after being processed by the isolation unit 3. An integrated circuit chip is a signal that is continuous in both time and amplitude, and an integrated circuit chip is a signal that is discontinuous in both time and amplitude. After the external signal is converted into an electric signal by the sensor, the electric signal is further amplified, filtered and the like in a system formed by an integrated circuit chip. The processed integrated circuit chip can be output to a digital system through a data converter for processing, and can also be directly output to an actuator.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: in use, the transmission and isolation unit 3 for external signals operates in the first power supply 1; the isolation unit 3 and the control and protection unit 4 work in the second power supply 2; the isolation unit 3 is used for isolating signals between the first power supply 1 and the second power supply 2; in fact, the isolation unit 3 is used to isolate signals between different power domains, so as to avoid signal transmission errors caused by different operating power supply voltages of signals between different power domains, and even avoid abnormal functions of circuits in different power domains. The isolation unit 3 performs isolation transmission of signals between different power domains by performing decoding and decoding processing on the signals of different power domains. And the signals mentioned herein can be divided into external signals and internal signals; namely, the external signal is the signal under the first power supply 1; the internal signal is the signal under the second power supply 2. The external signal is a signal for controlling the fuse and the outside interactively. The internal signal operates inside the fuse and is a signal operating under the second power supply 2 isolated by the isolation unit 3 with respect to the external signal. A power management unit 7, since the different voltage domains are to be supplied with voltages; so takes the form of an isolated power supply. The isolation power supply has the function of ensuring electrical isolation between different voltage domains, the isolation function is to protect the safety of the system, and when interference or pulse exists at one end of the isolation power supply, other parts cannot be affected due to mutual isolation. The isolated power supply has the advantages of strong anti-interference capability, convenience in realizing multi-path output, high safety and easiness in realizing wide-range voltage input; meanwhile, the damage to the load after the power supply is abnormal is small. The normal and reliable work of the fuse can be well guaranteed.

To this end, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.