阅读说明：本技术 一种短延时高幅值低前沿的高压脉冲发生装置 (Short-delay high-amplitude low-leading-edge high-voltage pulse generation device ) 是由 张晓星 韩文豪 金硕 邓迁君 郭英豪 王进 杨阳 吴铁洲 于 2021-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种短延时高幅值低前沿的高压脉冲发生装置,包括六个完全相同的脉冲生成回路模块,和用于同步触发以及叠加各个模块输出的多路脉冲电路模块化立体对称并联结构,所述脉冲生产回路模块的回路包括：基于Marx结构的充放电回路部分、各级发生回路的均压电路部分、第一级回路的前置辅助触发电路部分、第二至最后一级回路的后置辅助触发电路部分；所述多路脉冲电路模块化立体对称并联结构包括充电触发端,电路模块,输出端三个部分。与现有脉冲发生器相比,在相同输出电压下,本脉冲发生装置,通过改变雪崩三极管的开关模式,提高整体电路的可靠性以及各级回路电路输出上的同步性。(The invention provides a short-delay high-amplitude low-leading-edge high-voltage pulse generating device, which comprises six identical pulse generating loop modules and a multi-path pulse circuit modularized three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure for synchronously triggering and superposing the output of each module, wherein the loop of each pulse generating loop module comprises: a charging and discharging circuit part based on a Marx structure, a voltage equalizing circuit part of each stage of generating circuit, a preposed auxiliary trigger circuit part of a first stage of circuit and a postpositive auxiliary trigger circuit part of a second to last stage of circuit; the multi-path pulse circuit modularized three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure comprises a charging trigger end, a circuit module and an output end. Compared with the existing pulse generator, the pulse generator improves the reliability of the whole circuit and the synchronism of the output of each stage of loop circuit by changing the switching mode of the avalanche triode under the same output voltage.)

1. The utility model provides a high-voltage pulse generating device of short time delay high amplitude low leading edge which characterized in that: including six identical pulse generation return circuit modules and be used for synchronous triggering and superpose the three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure of multichannel pulse circuit modularization of each module output, the return circuit of pulse production return circuit module includes: a charging and discharging circuit part based on a Marx structure, a voltage equalizing circuit part of each stage of generating circuit, a preposed auxiliary trigger circuit part of a first stage of circuit and a postpositive auxiliary trigger circuit part of a second to last stage of circuit; the multi-path pulse circuit modularized three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure comprises a charging trigger end, a circuit module and an output end.

2. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the charge-discharge circuit part based on the Marx structure is of a multi-stage structure and integrally comprises two modules, namely a multi-stage charge circuit and a multi-stage discharge circuit, wherein the multi-stage charge circuit comprises: charging DC power supply for supplying energy, current limiting resistor R for limiting charging and discharging current₁To R_NCapacitor C for storing pulse energy₁To C_NEach level of grounding resistance R_Z1To R_ZNIn the charging stage, the current-limiting resistor, the energy-storing capacitor and the grounding resistor in each stage of circuit are in series connection, one end of the current-limiting resistor is connected with the anode of the charging direct-current power supply, the other end of the current-limiting resistor is grounded through the energy-storing capacitor and the grounding resistor, and the circuits of each stage are mutually connected in parallel through the grounding wire and the direct-current charging power supply.

3. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the discharge circuit includes: avalanche transistor Q for controlling circuit breaking_1,1To Q_N,MLoad R_LoadThe avalanche transistors are connected in multi-stage parallel and single-stage series, the collector of each avalanche transistor in each stage of parallel connection is connected with the emitter of the next avalanche transistor, one end of the series avalanche transistor is grounded through the emitter of the last transistor by a ground resistor, and the other end of the series avalanche transistor is grounded through the collector of the last transistorThe pole is connected with a current limiting resistor.

4. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the voltage-sharing circuit part comprises: resistor R for voltage sharing_1,1To R_N,MAnd a current limiting resistor R for limiting current_K11To R_KNMThe voltage equalizing resistor is connected with the collector and the emitter of each avalanche transistor in parallel to ensure that the voltages borne by the avalanche transistors are equal.

5. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the leading auxiliary trigger circuit part includes: capacitor C for storing energy required by auxiliary trigger signal_k11To C_k1MResistor R for carrying auxiliary trigger signal_F11To R_F1MA capacitor C for transmitting the initial trigger signal_SAnd a resistance R_S。

6. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the post-auxiliary trigger circuit part comprises a current limiting resistor R in a voltage-sharing circuit_K11To R_KNMAnd an energy storage capacitor C for storing the trigger energy_1,1To C_(N-1),1Resistance R with base electrode and emitter of avalanche transistor in the next stage discharge circuit_X11To R_XNM。

7. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the charge trigger terminal includes: the charging device comprises an annular charging structure and a central triggering structure, wherein the annular charging structure is powered by an external power supply and uniformly supplies power to all modules, the central triggering structure is positioned in the centers of all modules, and the time for a triggering signal to reach each module is the same.

8. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the circuit module comprises six identical pulse generation modules, the six modules are uniformly distributed around a central point, the modules are in a parallel state, one ends of all the modules are connected with a charging power supply, the other ends of all the modules are grounded, and all the modules are in geometric arrangement so as to ensure that the lengths of trigger paths and discharge paths of the six modules are identical.

9. A short delay high amplitude low leading edge high voltage pulse generating device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the output end comprises an output load resistor and an annular grounding plate, one end of the load resistor is connected with the circuit module, and the other end of the load resistor is connected with the grounding plate.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of pulse generating devices, and particularly relates to a short-delay high-amplitude low-leading-edge high-voltage pulse generating device.

Background

The high-voltage nanosecond pulse has wide application in the fields of rail transit, industrial application, bioelectromagnetism and the like, such as rail cable detection, electrostatic dust removal, waste gas treatment, sterilization, cancer treatment in medical treatment and the like. The Marx generator is a pulse generator which is most widely applied at present, and the working principle of the traditional Marx generator is that a plurality of capacitor banks are charged in parallel, then the circuit structure is changed, the capacitor banks are discharged through a spark gap or a thyristor and other gas switches after being connected in series, and pulse voltage with multiplied amplitude is formed. Gas switching devices are increasingly exposed to many drawbacks such as low repetition rates, poor stability, short lifetimes, etc. The solid-state switch has the characteristics of compactness, portability, high repetition frequency, good controllability, easy driving and the like, and along with the development and maturity of the semiconductor solid-state switch in recent decades, the high-power solid-state switch is widely applied to a Marx generator as a main switch.

With the increasingly wide application of pulse power sources, the requirements for pulse parameters under different working conditions are also changed newly. At present, research on high-voltage nanosecond pulse generators mainly aims at improving the voltage amplitude, the repetition frequency, the pulse width, the rising time and the falling time of pulses and the like of output pulses. Relatively little research is currently being conducted to reduce pulse generation time while producing high output amplitudes and low pulse rise times. In a high-voltage situation with a requirement on the circuit operation time, a pulse generating circuit with high output amplitude, low pulse rise time and low pulse generation time can be widely applied.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a short-delay high-amplitude low-leading-edge high-voltage pulse generating device, which aims to solve the problem that the existing pulse generating device cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high output amplitude, low pulse rising time and low pulse generating time.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a high-pressure pulse generating device of short time delay high amplitude low leading edge, includes six identical pulse generation return circuit modules and is used for triggering and superpose the three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure of multichannel pulse circuit modularization of each module output in step, the return circuit of pulse production return circuit module includes: a charging and discharging circuit part based on a Marx structure, a voltage equalizing circuit part of each stage of generating circuit, a preposed auxiliary trigger circuit part of a first stage of circuit and a postpositive auxiliary trigger circuit part of a second to last stage of circuit; the multi-path pulse circuit modularized three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure comprises a charging trigger end, a circuit module and an output end.

The charge-discharge circuit part based on the Marx structure is of a multi-stage structure and integrally comprises two modules, namely a multi-stage charge circuit and a multi-stage discharge circuit, wherein the multi-stage charge circuit comprises: charging DC power supply for supplying energy, current limiting resistor R for limiting charging and discharging current₁To R_NCapacitor C for storing pulse energy₁To C_NEach level of grounding resistance R_Z1To R_ZNIn the charging stage, the current-limiting resistor, the energy-storing capacitor and the grounding resistor in each stage of circuit are in series connection, and one end of the current-limiting resistor is connected with the anode of the charging direct-current power supplyThe other end of the energy storage capacitor is grounded through an energy storage capacitor and a grounding resistor, and all the circuits are connected in parallel with each other through a grounding wire and a direct current charging power supply.

The discharge circuit includes: avalanche transistor Q for controlling circuit breaking_1,1To Q_N,MLoad R_LoadThe avalanche transistors are integrally connected in a multistage parallel mode and a single-stage series mode, the collector electrode of each avalanche transistor in each stage of parallel connection is connected with the emitter electrode of the next avalanche transistor, one end of each series avalanche transistor is grounded through the emitter electrode of the last avalanche transistor through a grounding resistor, and the other end of each series avalanche transistor is connected with a current-limiting resistor through the collector electrode of the last avalanche transistor.

The voltage-sharing circuit part comprises: resistor R for voltage sharing_1,1To R_N,MAnd a current limiting resistor R for limiting current_K11To R_KNMThe voltage equalizing resistor is connected with the collector and the emitter of each avalanche transistor in parallel to ensure that the voltages borne by the avalanche transistors are equal.

The leading auxiliary trigger circuit part includes: capacitor C for storing energy required by auxiliary trigger signal_k11To C_k1MResistor R for carrying auxiliary trigger signal_F11To R_F1MA capacitor C for transmitting the initial trigger signal_SAnd a resistance R_S。

The post-auxiliary trigger circuit part comprises a current limiting resistor R in a voltage-sharing circuit_K11To R_KNMAnd an energy storage capacitor C for storing the trigger energy_1,1To C_(N-1),1Resistance R with base electrode and emitter of avalanche transistor in the next stage discharge circuit_X11To R_XNM。

The charge trigger terminal includes: the charging device comprises an annular charging structure and a central triggering structure, wherein the annular charging structure is powered by an external power supply and uniformly supplies power to all modules, the central triggering structure is positioned in the centers of all modules, and the time for a triggering signal to reach each module is the same.

The circuit module comprises six identical pulse generation modules, the six modules are uniformly distributed around a central point, the modules are in a parallel state, one ends of all the modules are connected with a charging power supply, the other ends of all the modules are grounded, and all the modules are in geometric arrangement so as to ensure that the lengths of trigger paths and discharge paths of the six modules are identical.

The output end comprises an output load resistor and an annular grounding plate, one end of the load resistor is connected with the circuit module, and the other end of the load resistor is connected with the grounding plate.

The whole working process of the pulse generating device and the loop comprises the following steps:

after the whole circuit is charged, the collector and the emitter of each avalanche triode bear the same voltage due to the voltage sharing of the same type of resistor and capacitor. Initial trigger signal is composed of_SAnd R_STo the first stage of the first avalanche transistor Q_1,1，Q_1,1Is conducted through C_k11、R_F11、Q_1,1The loop of which is open, C_k1At R_F11Upper form pulse trigger Q_1,2At the same time, due to Q_1,1The residual avalanche transistor bears voltage which rises to exceed the conduction voltage of the avalanche transistor under the action of the conduction and voltage-sharing circuit, and finally the avalanche transistor Q_1,2The two transistors are quickly conducted under the combined action, and the process is repeated by the first-stage follow-up triode.

In avalanche transistor Q_1,1When conducting, C of the rear auxiliary trigger loop_1,1Discharge takes place at R_x11Avalanche transistor Q with pulse generation triggering second stage_2,1The second stage avalanche transistor is conducted synchronously, the residual avalanche transistors in the second stage are conducted under the same action, and the whole conduction time of the second stage is synchronous with that of the first stage and is slightly slower than that of the first stage. Similarly, the subsequent multi-stage loop is conducted under the action of the previous stage, and finally all the avalanche triodes are conducted, and all the energy storage main capacitors C₁To C_NDischarge in series at the load R_LoadWhich generates a high voltage pulse.

The number n of avalanche triodes of each stage of the circuit and the charging voltage V_CCThe relationship of (a) to (b) is as follows:

the load R_loadUpper output pulse V_loadMagnitude, circuit stage number m and charging voltage V_CCAnd circuit overall internal resistance R_inThe relationship of (a) is as follows:

the invention has the following advantages:

compared with the existing pulse generator, the pulse generator improves the reliability of the whole circuit and the synchronism of the output of each stage of loop circuit by changing the switching mode of the avalanche triode under the same output voltage. In addition, the output efficiency of the circuit can be greatly improved by a multi-path overlapping structure. The invention can provide reference for the design of a nanosecond high-power high-voltage pulse power supply.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulse generation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-module parallel architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging trigger terminal with a multi-module parallel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an output terminal structure of a multi-module parallel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a circuit block architecture of a multi-block parallel architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic spatial structure diagram of a multi-module parallel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the present invention is further specifically described below by embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the embodiments of the present invention disclose a short-delay high-amplitude low-leading-edge high-voltage pulse generator. The device includes: six identical pulse generation loop modules are used for synchronously triggering and superposing two parts of a multi-path pulse circuit modularized three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure output by each module.

As shown in fig. 1, the pulse generating circuit includes: the Marx structure-based charge-discharge circuit comprises a charge-discharge circuit part based on a Marx structure, a voltage-sharing circuit part of each stage of generating circuit, a front auxiliary trigger circuit part of a first stage circuit and a rear auxiliary trigger circuit part of a second to last stage circuit.

The charge-discharge circuit part based on the Marx structure is a multilevel structure, and the whole can be divided into two modules of a multilevel charge circuit and a multilevel discharge circuit, wherein the multilevel charge circuit comprises: charging DC power supply for supplying energy, current limiting resistor R for limiting charging and discharging current₁To R_NCapacitor C for storing pulse energy₁To C_NEach level of grounding resistance R_z1To R_zN. In the charging stage, a current-limiting resistor RC, an energy-storing capacitor C and a grounding resistor R in each stage of circuit_ZIn series connection, one end of the current limiting resistor is connected with the anode of the charging direct current power supply, the other end of the current limiting resistor is grounded through the energy storage capacitor and the grounding resistor, and the circuits of all stages are connected in parallel with the direct current charging power supply through the grounding wire.

The discharge circuit includes: avalanche transistor Q for controlling circuit breaking_1,1To Q_N,MLoad R_Load. The avalanche transistors are integrally connected in parallel in a multistage mode and in series in a single stage mode, the collector electrode of each avalanche transistor in each stage is connected with the emitter electrode of the next avalanche transistor, one end of each series avalanche transistor is grounded through the emitter electrode of the last transistor through a grounding resistor, and the other end of each series avalanche transistor is connected with a current-limiting resistor through the collector electrode of the last transistor.

The voltage-sharing circuit part comprises: resistor R for voltage sharing_1,1To R_N,MAnd a current limiting resistor R for limiting current_K11To R_KNM,. The voltage equalizing resistor is connected with the collector electrode and the emitter electrode of each avalanche triode in parallel,so as to ensure that the voltages borne by the avalanche transistors are equal.

The front auxiliary trigger circuit part comprises: capacitor C for storing energy required by auxiliary trigger signal_k11To C_k1MResistor R for carrying auxiliary trigger signal_F11To R_F1MA capacitor C for transmitting the initial trigger signal_SAnd a resistance R_S。

The post-auxiliary trigger circuit part comprises: current-limiting resistor R in voltage-sharing circuit_K11To R_KNMAnd an energy storage capacitor C for storing the trigger energy_1,1To C_(N-1),1Resistance R with base electrode and emitter of avalanche transistor in the next stage discharge circuit_X11To R_XNM。

As shown in fig. 2, after the multiple Marx modules are connected in parallel, the equivalent capacitance of the circuit is increased, the pulse amplitude is increased, and the trailing edge and the pulse width of the output pulse are both increased compared with those of a single module. Because the internal resistance of the circuit is reduced after the parallel connection, the voltage proportion divided by the load resistance is improved.

As shown in fig. 3-6, the modularized three-dimensional symmetrical parallel structure of the multi-channel pulse circuit, whose modularized and three-dimensional symmetrical design ensures the synchronism of pulse superposition, includes: the charging trigger end, the circuit module and the output end.

The trigger end that charges includes: the charging device comprises an annular charging structure and a central triggering structure, wherein the annular charging structure is powered by an external power supply and uniformly supplies power to all modules, the central triggering structure is positioned in the centers of all modules, and the time for a triggering signal to reach each module is the same.

The circuit module comprises six identical pulse generation modules, the six modules are uniformly distributed around a central point, the modules are in a parallel state, one ends of all the modules are connected with a charging power supply, the other ends of all the modules are grounded, and all the modules are in geometric arrangement so as to ensure that the triggering paths and the discharging paths of the six modules are identical in length.

The output end comprises an output load resistor and an annular grounding plate, wherein one end of the load resistor is connected with the circuit module, and the other end of the load resistor is connected with the grounding plate.

The invention relates to a short-delay high-amplitude low-leading-edge high-voltage pulse generating device, wherein the whole working process of a loop comprises the following steps:

after the whole circuit is charged, the collector and the emitter of each avalanche triode bear the same voltage due to the voltage sharing of the same type of resistor and capacitor. Initial trigger signal is composed of_SAnd R_STo the first stage of the first avalanche transistor Q_1,1，Q_1,1Is conducted through C_k11、R_F11、Q_1,1The loop of which is open, C_k11At R_F11Upper form pulse trigger Q_1,2At the same time, due to Q_1,1The residual avalanche transistor bears voltage which rises to exceed the conduction voltage of the avalanche transistor under the action of the conduction and voltage-sharing circuit, and finally the avalanche transistor Q_1,2The two transistors are quickly conducted under the combined action, and the process is repeated by the first-stage follow-up triode.

In avalanche transistor Q_1,1When conducting, C of the rear auxiliary trigger loop_1,1Discharge takes place at R_x11Avalanche transistor Q with pulse generation triggering second stage_2,1The second stage avalanche transistor is conducted synchronously, the residual avalanche transistors in the second stage are conducted under the same action, and the whole conduction time of the second stage is synchronous with that of the first stage and is slightly slower than that of the first stage. Similarly, the subsequent multi-stage loop is conducted under the action of the previous stage, and finally all the avalanche triodes are conducted, and all the energy storage main capacitors C₁To C_NDischarge in series at the load R_LoadWhich generates a high voltage pulse.

The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.