阅读说明：本技术 可阻燃的保温复合层、复合结构及复合结构的制作方法 (Flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layer, composite structure and manufacturing method of composite structure ) 是由 俞麒峰 徐春光 李爱东 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可阻燃的保温复合层、复合结构及复合结构的制作方法,可阻燃的保温复合层,包括：连接件；芯材,芯材数目为多个；所述多个芯材与所述连接件连接；阻燃蒙皮；所述阻燃蒙皮包裹所述芯材和连接件。第一阻燃蒙皮、第二阻燃蒙皮起到阻燃的作用,外蒙皮起到防水的作用。连接件的瓦伦状结构可在受到外部冲击时,形成局部支撑。由于芯材全部包裹在阻燃连续纤维增强复合材料内部,即使在960摄氏度高温火焰连续3小时以上局部烧灼的条件下保持最终结构的整体稳定性。(The invention discloses a flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layer, a composite structure and a manufacturing method of the composite structure, wherein the flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layer comprises the following components: a connecting member; the number of the core materials is multiple; the plurality of core materials are connected with the connecting pieces; flame-retardant covering; the flame-retardant skin wraps the core material and the connecting piece. The first flame-retardant skin and the second flame-retardant skin play a flame-retardant role, and the outer skin plays a waterproof role. The Valley-like structure of the connector may form a local support when subjected to external impacts. Because the core material is completely wrapped inside the flame-retardant continuous fiber reinforced composite material, the overall stability of the final structure is maintained even under the condition that high-temperature flame at 960 ℃ is continuously burnt for more than 3 hours locally.)

1. A flame-retardant, insulating composite layer, comprising:

a connecting member;

the number of the core materials is multiple; the plurality of core materials are connected with the connecting pieces;

flame-retardant covering; the flame-retardant skin wraps the core material and the connecting piece.

2. The composite layer of claim 1, wherein the connector has a plurality of grooves for receiving a core material, the shape of the grooves corresponding to the shape of the core material, the core material being disposed in the grooves; or the connecting piece is Z-shaped, and the Z-shaped connecting piece is connected with the core material.

3. The composite layer of claim 2, wherein the flame retardant covering comprises two layers, and the core material and the connecting member are disposed between the two layers of flame retardant covering.

4. The composite layer of claim 3, further comprising an outer skin, wherein the two flame retardant skins comprise a first flame retardant skin and a second flame retardant skin, and the outer skin is disposed on an outer surface of the first flame retardant skin.

5. The composite flame retardant insulation layer of claim 4, further comprising an interior layer disposed on the outer surface of the second flame retardant skin.

6. The composite layer of claim 5, wherein the first and/or second flame-retardant skins comprise a continuous fiber composite material, the continuous fiber composite material is a composite material of continuous fibers and resin, the resin is a medium-temperature or high-temperature resin system, the medium-temperature resin system is cured at 50 to 90 degrees centigrade, and the high-temperature resin system is cured at 90 degrees centigrade or higher.

7. The composite layer of claim 6, wherein the resin comprises an epoxy resin or a phenolic resin.

8. The composite layer of claim 2, wherein the connecting member is made of steel.

9. The composite layer of claim 4, wherein the outer skin comprises a fiber-reinforced composite material, and the fiber-reinforced composite material is a composite material of fiber and unsaturated resin.

10. The composite layer of claim 9, wherein the material of the outer skin includes an anti-uv agent.

11. The composite layer of claim 6, wherein the resin for continuous fiber composite material has a curing temperature of not more than (decomposition temperature of foam material of core material-2 ℃).

12. A composite structure comprising at least two flame retardant insulation composite layers according to any of claims 1 to 11, each flame retardant insulation composite layer being disposed one on top of the other.

13. A method of making a flame retardant insulating composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of:

step one, arranging a first resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg and a second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg, and arranging a plurality of core materials on the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg in a staggered manner, wherein the staggered arrangement means that one core material is positioned on an upper layer of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg and the other core material is positioned on a lower layer of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg in two adjacent core materials, so that the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg forms two bending structures with opposite directions; the core materials are respectively embedded in the two bending structures; the second resin-infiltrated fiber material or the prepreg and each core material form a structural layer;

secondly, laying a third layer of resin-soaked fiber material or prepreg on the upper surface of the structural layer to form a composite layer; arranging a layer of membrane removing cloth on the upper surface of the composite layer; repeatedly arranging a plurality of composite layers; stacking a plurality of composite layers from bottom to top, wherein a layer of demoulding cloth is arranged between each composite layer;

thirdly, pressurizing the upper parts of the multiple layers of the composite layers, and heating the multiple layers of the composite layers integrally to enable the composite layers to be integrally cured;

and fourthly, after the multiple layers of composite layers are solidified and cooled, separating the composite layers from each other by using the stripping cloth between the composite layers.

14. The method for preparing the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite layer according to claim 13, wherein the melting temperature of the material of the release fabric is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material +2 ℃); the temperature resistance temperature of the material of the mould platform is more than or equal to (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material is +2 ℃); the temperature resistance temperature of the material of the non-viscous flat plate is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material is +2 ℃).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layer, a composite structure and a manufacturing method of the composite structure.

Background

The sandwich materials such as organic foams, Polyurethane (PU) foams, PET foams, PVC foams and the like have better strength properties such as heat preservation, bending resistance and compression resistance than inorganic foams such as rock wool and the like, but have a long standing time in the aspects of fire resistance and flame retardance. Particularly, under the continuous burning condition of high-temperature flame at 960 ℃, local atrophy or burn-through phenomenon occurs, so that the sandwich composite structure of the organic foam is difficult to maintain overall stability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layer, a composite structure and a manufacturing method of the composite structure.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a flame retardant insulating composite layer comprising:

a connecting member;

the number of the core materials is multiple; the plurality of core materials are connected with the connecting pieces;

flame-retardant covering; the flame-retardant skin wraps the core material and the connecting piece.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the connecting piece is provided with a plurality of grooves for accommodating core materials, the shape of the grooves is adapted to the shape of the core materials, and the core materials are arranged in the grooves; or the connecting piece is Z-shaped, and the Z-shaped connecting piece is connected with the core material.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the flame-retardant skin comprises two layers, and the core material and the connecting piece are arranged between the two layers of the flame-retardant skin.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the composite material further comprises an outer skin, wherein the two flame-retardant skins comprise a first flame-retardant skin and a second flame-retardant skin, and the outer skin is arranged on the outer surface of the first flame-retardant skin.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the flame-retardant skin further comprises an inner decoration layer, and the inner decoration layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second flame-retardant skin.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the material of the first flame-retardant skin and/or the second flame-retardant skin comprises a continuous fiber composite material, the continuous fiber composite material is a composite material of continuous fibers and resin, wherein the resin is a medium-temperature or high-temperature resin system, the medium-temperature resin system is cured at 50 to 90 ℃, and the high-temperature resin system is cured at 90 ℃ or above.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the resin comprises an epoxy resin or a phenolic resin.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the material of the connecting piece comprises steel.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the material of the outer skin comprises a fiber reinforced composite material, and the fiber reinforced composite material is a composite material of fibers and unsaturated resin.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the material of the outer skin comprises an ultraviolet-proof agent.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material is ≦ (decomposition temperature of the foam material of the core material-2 ℃).

A composite structure comprises at least two flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layers, wherein the flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layers are arranged in a superposed manner.

The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite layer comprises the following steps:

step one, arranging a first resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg and a second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg, and arranging a plurality of core materials on the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg in a staggered manner, wherein the staggered arrangement means that one core material is positioned on an upper layer of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg and the other core material is positioned on a lower layer of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg in two adjacent core materials, so that the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg forms two bending structures with opposite directions; the core materials are respectively embedded in the two bending structures; the second resin-infiltrated fiber material or the prepreg and each core material form a structural layer;

secondly, laying a third layer of resin-soaked fiber material or prepreg on the upper surface of the structural layer to form a composite layer; arranging a layer of membrane removing cloth on the upper surface of the composite layer; repeatedly arranging a plurality of composite layers; stacking a plurality of composite layers from bottom to top, wherein a layer of demoulding cloth is arranged between each composite layer;

thirdly, pressurizing the upper parts of the multiple layers of the composite layers, and heating the multiple layers of the composite layers integrally to enable the composite layers to be integrally cured;

and fourthly, after the multiple layers of composite layers are solidified and cooled, separating the composite layers from each other by using the stripping cloth between the composite layers.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the melting temperature of the material of the stripping cloth is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material is +2 ℃); the temperature resistance temperature of the material of the mould platform is more than or equal to (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material is +2 ℃); the temperature resistance temperature of the material of the non-viscous flat plate is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber composite material is +2 ℃).

The first flame-retardant skin and the second flame-retardant skin play a flame-retardant role, and the outer skin plays a waterproof role. Due to the supporting effect of the filling core material, the connecting piece, the first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin are not locally unstable under stress even if the thicknesses of the connecting piece, the first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin are less than 0.8 mm. The first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin are supported and reinforced by the aid of the tile-shaped structures of the connecting pieces, and local support can be formed when external impact is applied to the first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin. As the core material is completely wrapped inside the flame-retardant continuous fiber reinforced composite material, the overall flame-retardant and fire-resistant performance is greatly improved, and the overall stability of the final structure is maintained even under the condition that the local burning is continuously carried out for more than 3 hours at the high temperature of 960 ℃.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a flame-retardant heat-insulating composite layer according to example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a connector;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step one and step two in example 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of step three in example 2;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth step in example 2;

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating step five in example 2.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite layer of the present embodiment includes: a connecting member 3; a plurality of core materials 4, wherein the number of the core materials 4 is multiple; the plurality of core materials 4 are connected with the connecting piece 3; flame-retardant covering; the flame-retardant skin wraps the core material 4 and the connecting piece 3.

As shown in fig. 2, the connecting member 3 has a plurality of grooves for receiving the core material 4, the shape of the grooves being adapted to the shape of the core material 4, the core material 4 being disposed in the grooves; or the connecting piece 3 is Z-shaped, and the Z-shaped connecting piece 3 is connected with the core material 4.

The flame-retardant skin comprises two layers, and the core material 4 and the connecting piece 3 are arranged between the two layers of flame-retardant skins. The two flame-retardant skins comprise a first flame-retardant skin 1 and a second flame-retardant skin 2.

The embodiment further comprises an outer skin 5, and the outer skin 5 is arranged on the outer surface of the first flame-retardant skin 1. The embodiment further comprises an inner decoration layer, and the inner decoration layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second flame-retardant skin 2.

In this embodiment, the first flame-retardant skin 1 and the second flame-retardant skin 2 are made of a continuous fiber reinforced composite material, the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is a composite material of continuous fibers and resin, and the resin is a medium-temperature or high-temperature resin system; the medium-temperature resin system is cured at 50-90 ℃, and the high-temperature resin system is cured at more than 90 ℃. Specific resins include epoxy resins or phenolic resins, and epoxy resins include epoxy resins of anhydride curing agents.

The continuous fiber comprises one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, ceramic fiber, bamboo fiber, cloth, carbon fiber, metal fiber, boron fiber, asbestos fiber, orlon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyimide fiber, cotton fiber and sisal.

The resin for the continuous fiber-reinforced composite material is selected so that the curing temperature of the resin is not more than (the decomposition temperature of the foam material of the core material 4 is-2 ℃ C.) for example, an epoxy resin of an acid anhydride curing agent is compounded with a polyurethane foam resistant to 130 ℃.

The outer skin 5 has a waterproof function, in this embodiment, the outer skin 5 is made of a fiber-reinforced composite material, and the fiber-reinforced composite material is a composite material of fibers and unsaturated resin. The fiber comprises one or more of glass fiber, basalt fiber, aramid fiber, ceramic fiber, bamboo fiber, cloth, carbon fiber, metal fiber, boron fiber, asbestos fiber, orlon fiber, polyester fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyimide fiber, cotton fiber and sisal. The material of the outer skin 5 can be added with an ultraviolet-proof agent. So that the outer skin 5 has both waterproof and ultraviolet-proof functions. The inner decoration layer 6 is decoration.

The core material 4 is made of: polyurethane (PU) foam, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam. The width of the core material 4 is 50 mm-300 mm, and can be selected from 50mm, 300mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 100mm or 200 mm. Within this size range, the support function of the connecting member 3 is good.

Example 2

The composite structure of the embodiment comprises at least two flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layers of the embodiment 1, and the flame-retardant heat-insulation composite layers are arranged in a stacked manner.

Example 3

The method for manufacturing the flame-retardant heat-insulating composite layer in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:

step one, arranging a first resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg and a second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg, and arranging a plurality of core materials on the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg in a staggered manner, wherein the staggered arrangement means that one core material is positioned on an upper layer of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg and the other core material is positioned on a lower layer of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg in two adjacent core materials, so that the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg forms two bending structures with opposite directions; the core materials are respectively embedded in the two bending structures; the second resin-infiltrated fiber material or the prepreg and each core material form a structural layer;

a preferred step of step one is:

step a, as shown in fig. 3, a mould platform 11 is arranged, a non-adhesive flat plate 7 is arranged on the mould platform 11, and a first resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 8 is laid on the non-adhesive flat plate 7;

step b, as shown in fig. 3, laying a second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 12 on the first resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 8, and simultaneously laying a first strip of core material 4, wherein the core material 4 presses the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 12;

step c, as shown in fig. 4, laying a second strip of core material 4 on the lower part of the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 12, wrapping the second strip of core material 4 with the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 12, and forming two bending structures with opposite directions on the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 12; the first strip of core material 4 and the second strip of core material 4 are respectively embedded in the two bending structures; repeating the third step to form a structural layer;

step two, as shown in fig. 5, laying a third layer of resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 9 on the upper surface of the structural layer to form a composite layer; arranging a layer of membrane removing cloth 10 on the upper surface of the composite layer;

step three, as shown in fig. 6, repeating step four, stacking a plurality of composite layers from bottom to top, and arranging a layer of demoulding cloth 10 between each composite layer; then pressing the upper part of the multiple layers of the composite layers, and heating the multiple layers of the composite layers integrally to enable each composite layer to be integrally cured;

after the composite layer is integrally cured, the first resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 8 becomes the second flame-retardant skin 2 described in embodiment 1, the second resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 12 becomes the connecting member 3 described in embodiment 1, and the third resin-impregnated fiber material or prepreg 9 becomes the first flame-retardant skin 1 described in embodiment 1.

The outer skin 5 and the interior layer 6 in example 1 are secondary bonded.

And fourthly, after the multiple layers of composite layers are solidified and cooled, separating the composite layers from each other by using the stripping cloth 10 between the composite layers.

The selection of the material of the stripping cloth 10 meets the requirement that the melting temperature of the material of the stripping cloth 10 is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is +2 ℃). For example, when the resin is an epoxy resin of an acid anhydride curing agent, a teflon release cloth is selected.

The material of the mould platform 11 is selected to meet the requirement that the temperature resistance temperature of the material of the mould platform 11 is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is +2 ℃). For example, when the mold platform is glass, the glass is resistant to temperatures well above the epoxy cure temperature.

The material of the non-adhesive flat plate 7 is selected to meet the requirement that the temperature resistance temperature of the material of the non-adhesive flat plate 7 is not less than (the curing temperature of the resin for the continuous fiber reinforced composite material is +2 ℃). For example, when the resin is an epoxy resin of an acid anhydride curing agent, a Teflon non-adhesive plate is selected.

The membrane removing cloth 10 is made of the following materials: non-stick materials such as Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), or teflon.

The first flame-retardant skin and the second flame-retardant skin play a flame-retardant role, and the outer skin plays a waterproof role. Due to the supporting effect of the filling core material, the connecting piece, the first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin are not locally unstable under stress even if the thicknesses of the connecting piece, the first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin are less than 0.8 mm. The first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin are supported and reinforced by the aid of the tile-shaped structures of the connecting pieces, and local support can be formed when external impact is applied to the first flame-retardant skin, the second flame-retardant skin and the outer skin. As the core material is completely wrapped inside the flame-retardant continuous fiber reinforced composite material, the overall flame-retardant and fire-resistant performance is greatly improved, and the overall stability of the final structure is maintained even under the condition that the local burning is continuously carried out for more than 3 hours at the high temperature of 960 ℃.

The embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the claims, and other substantially equivalent alternatives may occur to those skilled in the art and are within the scope of the present invention.