阅读说明：本技术 具有消能结构的海上风电防冲刷装置 (Offshore wind power anti-scouring device with energy dissipation structure ) 是由 邱旭 闫姝 刘鑫 于 2021-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种具有消能结构的海上风电防冲刷装置,海上风电防冲刷装置包括桩基础和套筒,桩基础包括在其轴向上相互连接的第一部分和第二部分,第二部分埋入海床中,海床具有海床面,第一部分位于海床面上方,套筒套设在第一部分上且其底部支撑在海床面上,套筒上设有消能结构,消能结构包括从套筒的外周面向外突出的消能件和/或贯穿套筒的周壁的消能孔,套筒的外周面包括朝向潮流方向的正面、与正面相对的背面以及两个侧面,消能结构至少设在正面和背面上。本发明的海上风电防冲刷装置具有结构简单、抗潮流冲击能力强、使用寿命长等优点。(The invention discloses an offshore wind power anti-scouring device with an energy dissipation structure, which comprises a pile foundation and a sleeve, wherein the pile foundation comprises a first part and a second part which are mutually connected in the axial direction of the pile foundation, the second part is embedded in a seabed, the seabed is provided with a seabed surface, the first part is positioned above the seabed surface, the sleeve is sleeved on the first part, the bottom of the sleeve is supported on the seabed surface, the sleeve is provided with the energy dissipation structure, the energy dissipation structure comprises an energy dissipation piece protruding outwards from the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and/or an energy dissipation hole penetrating through the peripheral wall of the sleeve, the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve comprises a front surface facing the tidal current direction, a back surface opposite to the front surface and two side surfaces, and the energy dissipation structure is at least arranged on the front surface and the back surface. The offshore wind power anti-scouring device has the advantages of simple structure, strong anti-tidal current impact capability, long service life and the like.)

1. The utility model provides an offshore wind power anti-scouring device with dissipation structure which characterized in that includes:

a pile foundation including a first portion and a second portion connected to each other in an axial direction thereof, the second portion being buried in a seabed having a seabed surface above which the first portion is located;

the sleeve is sleeved on the first part, the bottom of the sleeve is supported on the seabed surface, the sleeve is provided with an energy dissipation structure, the energy dissipation structure comprises an energy dissipation piece protruding outwards from the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and/or an energy dissipation hole penetrating through the peripheral wall of the sleeve, the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve comprises a front surface facing the tide direction, a back surface opposite to the front surface and two side surfaces, and the energy dissipation structure is at least arranged on the front surface and the back surface.

2. Offshore wind power scour protection with energy dissipater structure according to claim 1, wherein the energy dissipaters comprise one or more of energy dissipater nails, energy dissipater strips and energy dissipater meshes,

the energy dissipation nails are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve at intervals, the ratio of the axial dimension of the sleeve to the circumferential dimension of the sleeve is greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 2, the extension direction of the energy dissipation strips is parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, the ratio of the length to the width of the energy dissipation strips is greater than or equal to 5, and the energy dissipation net is a net-shaped structure covering at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve.

3. Offshore wind power scour protection with energy dissipaters according to claim 2, wherein the energy dissipaters are also provided on the two sides.

4. An offshore wind turbine scour protection with energy dissipaters according to claim 3, wherein the energy dissipaters provided on the front and back faces are of the same type, the energy dissipaters provided on the two side faces are of the same type, and the energy dissipaters provided on the two side faces are of a different type to the energy dissipaters provided on the front face.

5. An offshore wind power erosion protection device with an energy dissipation structure according to claim 4, wherein the energy dissipation strips are arranged on the front face and the back face, and the energy dissipation nails are arranged on the two side faces.

6. An offshore wind turbine scour protection having an energy dissipater according to claim 5, wherein the energy dissipater strip extends axially of the sleeve and comprises a plurality of spaced apart strips arranged circumferentially around the sleeve,

or the energy dissipation strips are arc-shaped and extend along the circumferential direction around the sleeve, the energy dissipation strips are multiple, and the energy dissipation strips are arranged in the axial direction of the sleeve at intervals.

7. An offshore wind turbine scour protection with an energy dissipater according to claim 5, wherein the density of the energy dissipater nails increases towards the surface of the seabed.

8. An offshore wind turbine erosion protection device with energy dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the outer circumference of the sleeve is curved concave towards the first section, and the outer diameter of the sleeve increases towards the surface of the sea bed.

9. An offshore wind turbine erosion protection device with energy dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the bottom of the sleeve has an anti-sink plate extending along the sea bed surface, the bottom surface of the anti-sink plate being against the sea bed surface.

10. An offshore wind turbine scour protection with an energy dissipater according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the sleeve has soil cutting plates extending into the seabed in the axial direction of the pile foundation, the bottom ends of the soil cutting plates being of a blade-shaped configuration.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of new forms of energy, especially, relate to an offshore wind power anti-scouring device with energy dissipation structure.

Background

Wind energy is increasingly regarded by human beings as a clean and harmless renewable energy source. Compared with land wind energy, offshore wind energy resources not only have higher wind speed, but also are far away from a coastline, are not influenced by a noise limit value, and allow the unit to be manufactured in a larger scale.

The offshore wind power foundation is the key point for supporting the whole offshore wind power machine, the cost accounts for 20-25% of the investment of the whole offshore wind power, and most accidents of offshore wind power generators are caused by unstable pile foundation. Due to the action of waves and tide, silt around the offshore wind power pile foundation can be flushed and form a flushing pit, and the flushing pit can influence the stability of the pile foundation. In addition, the water flow mixed with silt near the surface of the seabed continuously washes the pile foundation, corrodes and destroys the surface of the pile foundation, and can cause the collapse of the offshore wind turbine unit in serious cases. The anti-scouring device of the currently adopted offshore wind power pile foundation is mainly a riprap protection method. However, the integrity of the riprap protection is poor, and the maintenance cost and the workload in the application process are large.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is based on the discovery and recognition by the inventors of the following facts and problems:

due to the action of sea waves and tides, a phenomenon of scouring pits occurs around the foundation of the offshore wind power pile. The scouring phenomenon is a complex coupling process involving the interaction of water flow, sediment and structures. The main reason of causing the scouring is horseshoe-shaped vortex generated around the pile foundation, the horseshoe-shaped vortex is generated due to the obstruction of the pile foundation when seawater flows, when the sea water flows towards the pile foundation, the wave current presents a downward rolling and excavating vortex structure, the vortex structure lifts up the sediment on the seabed, and further brings the sediment away from the place around the pile foundation, a scouring pit is formed, the depth of the pile foundation is shallow due to the formation of the scouring pit, the vibration frequency of a cylinder is reduced, the pile foundation is over-fatigue is caused slightly, and the fracture accident is caused seriously.

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides the offshore wind power anti-scouring device which is simple in structure, low in cost and good in anti-scouring performance.

An offshore wind power erosion protection device with an energy dissipation structure according to an embodiment of the invention comprises a pile foundation, wherein the pile foundation comprises a first part and a second part which are connected with each other in the axial direction of the pile foundation, the second part is buried in a seabed, the seabed is provided with a seabed surface, and the first part is positioned above the seabed surface; the sleeve is sleeved on the first part, the bottom of the sleeve is supported on the seabed surface, the sleeve is provided with an energy dissipation structure, the energy dissipation structure comprises an energy dissipation piece protruding outwards from the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve and/or an energy dissipation hole penetrating through the peripheral wall of the sleeve, the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve comprises a front surface facing the tide direction, a back surface opposite to the front surface and two side surfaces, and the energy dissipation structure is at least arranged on the front surface and the back surface.

According to the offshore wind power anti-scouring device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the energy dissipation structures are arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the sleeve, so that a rapid stream or a main stream in seawater near a pile foundation is converted into a uniform slow stream, the impact of the seawater on the surface of the pile foundation is reduced, the formation of a horseshoe vortex is inhibited, and the offshore wind power anti-scouring device has good anti-scouring performance.

In some embodiments, the energy dissipater comprises one or more of energy dissipater nails, energy dissipater strips and energy dissipater nets, wherein the energy dissipater nails comprise a plurality of energy dissipater nails arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve, the ratio of the dimension of the energy dissipater nails in the axial direction of the sleeve to the dimension of the energy dissipater nails in the circumferential direction around the sleeve is greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 2, the energy dissipater strips extend in parallel with the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve, the ratio of the length to the width of the energy dissipater strips is greater than or equal to 5, and the energy dissipater nets are net-shaped structures covering at least a part of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve.

In some embodiments, the dissipaters are also provided on the two sides.

In some embodiments, the types of the energy dissipaters provided on the front face and the back face are the same, the types of the energy dissipaters provided on the two side faces are the same, and the types of the energy dissipaters provided on the two side faces are different from the types of the energy dissipaters provided on the front face.

In some embodiments, the front face and the back face are provided with the energy dissipating strips, and the two side faces are provided with the energy dissipating nails.

In some embodiments, the energy dissipation strips extend in the axial direction of the sleeve, and the energy dissipation strips include a plurality of energy dissipation strips arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the sleeve, or the energy dissipation strips are arc-shaped and extend in the circumferential direction around the sleeve, and the plurality of energy dissipation strips are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the sleeve.

In some embodiments, the density of the energy dissipating nails increases towards the surface of the seabed.

In some embodiments, the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is a curved surface that is concave in a direction toward the first portion, and the outer diameter of the sleeve increases in a direction toward the sea bed surface.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the sleeve has an anti-sink plate extending along the sea bed surface, and the bottom surface of the anti-sink plate abuts against the sea bed surface.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the sleeve has a soil cutting plate extending into the seabed in the axial direction of the pile foundation, and the bottom end of the soil cutting plate is of a knife-edge structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an offshore wind power anti-scour arrangement according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a sleeve and energy dissipation structure of an offshore wind power scour protection according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sleeve of an offshore wind power anti-scour arrangement, according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

an offshore wind power anti-scour apparatus 100;

pile foundations 1; a first portion 11; a second portion 12; a sleeve 2; an anti-settling plate 21; a soil cutting plate 22; an energy dissipation structure 3; energy dissipating strips 31; the energy dissipating nails 32.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

An offshore wind power anti-scour arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-3.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an offshore wind power anti-scour apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a pile foundation 1 and a sleeve 2.

The pile foundation 1 comprises a first part 11 and a second part 12 connected to each other in its axial direction, the second part 12 being buried in the seabed, the seabed having a seabed surface, the first part 11 being located above the seabed surface. Specifically, the pile foundation 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the sea bed surface is the interface of seawater and underwater sand. A first part 11 and a second part 12 connected to each other are provided in order in the up-down direction of the pile foundation 1. The first part 11 of the pile foundation 1 is located in the sea water above the surface of the sea bed and the second part 12 of the pile foundation 1 is buried in the sand below the surface of the sea bed.

The sleeve 2 is sleeved on the first part 11, the bottom of the sleeve is supported on the surface of the seabed, the sleeve 2 is provided with an energy dissipation structure 3, the energy dissipation structure 3 comprises an energy dissipation piece protruding outwards from the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 2 and/or an energy dissipation hole (not shown in the figure) penetrating through the peripheral wall of the sleeve 2, the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 2 comprises a front surface facing the tide direction, a back surface opposite to the front surface and two side surfaces, and the energy dissipation structure 3 is at least arranged on the front surface and the back surface.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, it is defined that the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 is a front surface facing the direction of the tide, a side surface facing away from the direction of the tide, and a side surface connected to the front surface and the back surface is a side surface (for example, the tide flows east and west, and the tide flows north and south rarely occurs, the east surface of the sleeve 2 is the front surface, the west surface of the sleeve 2 is the back surface, or the west surface of the sleeve 2 is the front surface, the east surface of the sleeve 2 is the back surface, and the north and south surfaces of the sleeve 2 are the side surfaces), the front surface and the back surface are provided with energy dissipation structures 3, and the energy dissipation structures 3 have various arrangement modes, including but not limited to, the energy dissipation structures 3 may be energy dissipation members extending outward in the inner and outer direction on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2, or the energy dissipation structures 3 are energy dissipation members or energy dissipation holes combined on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2.

According to the offshore wind power foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention, the energy dissipation structures 3 are arranged on the front surface and the back surface, so that the energy dissipation structures 3 actively disturb the tidal current, the flow speed and the direction of the tidal current are locally changed, the energy of the tidal current is dissipated to a certain extent, the energy dissipation structures 3 play a role in energy dissipation and impact reduction, the formation of horseshoe-shaped vortexes near the pile foundation 1 is inhibited, the soil around the pile foundation 1 is effectively protected, and the formation of scouring pits is avoided. When the tide contacts the energy dissipation structure 3, the energy dissipation structure 3 can 'break up' the tide, the flow speed and the direction of the tide are locally changed, the energy of the tide is dissipated to a certain extent, and a large horseshoe-shaped vortex cannot be generated in front of the pile foundation 1, so that the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex is restrained from the source.

In some embodiments, the energy dissipater includes one or more of energy dissipation nails 32, energy dissipation strips 31 and energy dissipation nets (not shown), wherein the energy dissipation nails 32 include a plurality of energy dissipation nails 32 arranged at intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2, the ratio of the dimension of the energy dissipation nails 32 in the axial direction of the sleeve 2 to the dimension thereof in the circumferential direction around the sleeve 2 is greater than or equal to 1/2 and less than or equal to 2, the extending direction of the energy dissipation strips 31 is parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2, the ratio of the length to the width of the energy dissipation strips 31 is greater than or equal to 5, and the energy dissipation nets are net-shaped structures covering at least a part of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the energy dissipation pins 32 are arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first portion 11 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the first portion 11, the dimension of the turbulence pin in the vertical direction is the length L1 of the turbulence pin, the dimension of the turbulence pin in the circumferential direction of the pile foundation 1 is the width M1 of the turbulence pin, L1 is 0.5 times to 2 times of M1, for example, L1 may be 0.5 times, 1 time, 1.5 times, 1.8 times, 2 times, etc. of M1. As shown in fig. 1, the energy dissipation strips 31 are wound around the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 11, the length of the wound energy dissipation strips 31 is L2, the dimension of the energy dissipation strips 31 in the vertical direction is M2, and the ratio of L2 to M2 is greater than 5, for example, L2 may be 5 times, 6 times, 6.5 times, 7 times, 7.5 times, etc. of M2. The energy dissipation net is a net structure which is arranged around the periphery of the first part 11. The energy dissipation piece includes but not limited to energy dissipation nail 32, energy dissipation strip 31 and energy dissipation net any kind, or energy dissipation nail 32, energy dissipation strip 31 and any combination form of energy dissipation net, from this, can choose different energy dissipation pieces for use according to the waters of difference, more effectively carry out the vortex to the trend, realize the diversification on marine wind power basis.

In the related art, the offshore wind power foundation is arranged in a shallow water area, in which the tidal current is mainly close to the coastline or far away from the coastline in a direction approximately perpendicular to the coastline at the time of tide rise and tide fall, so that the side of the pile foundation 1 facing the coastline and the side facing away from the coastline are where the tidal current mainly impacts. In the two places of the pile foundation 1, the impact force of the borne tide is larger, and the number of the scouring pits caused by the vortex is larger. The extending direction of the other two side surfaces of the pile foundation 1 is consistent with the tide direction, and the tide mainly has friction and smaller impact force on the other two side surfaces of the pile foundation 1. In some embodiments, energy dissipaters 3 are also provided on both sides. Therefore, the friction force and the impact force of the tide on the pile foundation 1 can be resisted by the energy dissipation structure 3, the energy dissipation efficiency of the energy dissipation structure 3 is improved, and the service life of the pile foundation 1 is prolonged.

The types of the energy dissipation structures 3 provided on the front surface and the back surface are the same, the types of the energy dissipation structures 3 provided on the two side surfaces are the same, and the types of the energy dissipation structures 3 provided on the two side surfaces are different from the types of the energy dissipation structures 3 provided on the front surface. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the type of the energy dissipation structures 3 arranged on the front and back surfaces may be one of the energy dissipation nails 32, the energy dissipation strips 31 and the energy dissipation mesh, and the type of the energy dissipation structures 3 arranged on the two side surfaces may be the other of the energy dissipation nails 32, the energy dissipation strips 31 and the energy dissipation mesh, and because the front and back surfaces are subjected to large tidal current impact, the two side surfaces are subjected to small tidal current impact. From this, considering economic efficiency, set up the front of sleeve 2, the energy dissipation structure 3 type of back and both sides face according to actual conditions to reduce the cost of energy dissipation structure 3, make energy dissipation structure 3 set up more reasonable.

In some embodiments, energy dissipating strips 31 are provided on the front and back faces and energy dissipating nails 32 are provided on both side faces. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-2, the front and back of the first part 11 are provided with energy dissipation strips 31, and two sides of the first part 11 are provided with energy dissipation nails 32, so that the cost of the energy dissipation structure 3 is reduced, and the energy dissipation structure 3 is more reasonably arranged.

In some embodiments, the energy dissipation strips 31 extend in the axial direction of the sleeve 2, the energy dissipation strips 31 include a plurality of the plurality of energy dissipation strips 31 being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction around the sleeve 2, or the energy dissipation strips 31 are arc-shaped and extend in the circumferential direction around the sleeve 2, the plurality of the energy dissipation strips 31 being arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the sleeve 2. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of energy dissipation strips 31 are arranged on the front surface and the back surface of the sleeve 2, the plurality of energy dissipation strips 31 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the sleeve 2, and a plurality of energy dissipation channels which are arranged along the circumference of the sleeve 2 and are parallel to the vertical direction are formed by the plurality of energy dissipation strips 31, the energy dissipation channels among the plurality of energy dissipation strips 31 "break up" the tidal current to locally change the flow speed and the direction of the tidal current, so that the energy of the tidal current is dissipated to a certain extent, a large horseshoe-shaped vortex cannot be generated in front of the first portion 11, and the formation of the horseshoe-shaped vortex is suppressed at the source.

Or as shown in fig. 2, the energy dissipation strips 31 are arc-shaped and extend along the circumferential direction around the pile foundation 1, the energy dissipation strips 31 are multiple, and the multiple energy dissipation strips 31 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction (vertical direction, as shown in fig. 2) of the pile foundation 1. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, at the front and back surfaces of the first part 11, the energy dissipation strips 31 are wound around the first part 11, and a plurality of the energy dissipation strips 31 are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction.

It should be noted that the energy dissipation strips 31 may be in the shape of the cross section peripheral contour including one or more of a semicircle, a triangle or a square, and the flexibility of the whole scheme is greatly improved by combining the energy dissipation strips 31 in various different structural shapes.

During the actual use of the offshore wind power foundation, the position on the first part 11, which is closer to the surface of the sea bed, is more impacted by the tide, and the possibility of generating horseshoe-shaped vortexes is higher. Thus, in some embodiments, the spacing of the dissipaters 31 decreases towards the surface of the seabed. Specifically, at the front and the back of the first part 11, the arrangement distance of the energy dissipation strips 31 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the number of the energy dissipation strips 31 at the bottom of the first part 11 is increased, the anti-scouring capability of the front and the back of the first part 11 is improved, and the anti-scouring capability and the practicability of the offshore wind power foundation are enhanced.

In some embodiments, the density of the energy dissipating nails 32 increases toward the surface of the seabed. Specifically, the number of the energy dissipation nails 32 is gradually reduced from top to bottom at the front and back of the first section 11, thereby improving the erosion resistance of both side surfaces of the first section 11 and further enhancing the erosion resistance and practicality of the offshore wind power foundation.

In some embodiments, the outer circumference of the sleeve 2 is curved in a concave shape in a direction approaching the first portion 11, and the outer diameter of the sleeve 2 increases in a direction approaching the surface of the sea bed. Specifically, the cross-sectional area of the sleeve 2 is gradually reduced from bottom to top, and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 2 is streamlined and recessed inward in the inward and outward directions. Therefore, the formation of large vortexes can be reduced, and the anti-scouring capability and the practicability of the offshore wind power foundation are further improved.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the sleeve 2 has an anti-settling plate 21 extending along the surface of the sea bed, the bottom surface of the anti-settling plate 21 being against the surface of the sea bed. The bottom of the sleeve 2 is provided with a soil cutting plate 22 extending into the seabed along the axial direction of the pile foundation 1, and the bottom end of the soil cutting plate 22 is of a knife-edge structure. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the lower end portion of the sleeve 2 is provided with a sinking prevention plate 21 extending outward in the radial direction of the sleeve 2, and the diameter of the outer circumferential surface of the sinking prevention plate 21 is 1.2De-3De, and the area of the bottom surface of the sinking prevention plate 21 is 0.1 pi De2-2.5 pi De 2. The lower tip of sleeve 2 is equipped with along the soil cutting board 22 that extends of upper and lower direction, the lower terminal surface of soil cutting board 22 is sword shape structure, soil cutting board 22 is 0.02De-0.5De in the length of upper and lower direction, wherein De is the sleeve external diameter, thereby in making soil cutting board 22 insert the soil of sea bed surface, the lower terminal surface of preventing sinking board 21 supports in the top of sea level, therefore, carry out axial positioning to sleeve 2, prevent sleeve 2 drunkenness from top to bottom, and prevent sinking board 21 and made things convenient for sleeve 2's installation, prevent that sleeve 2 from inserting below the sea level.

In some embodiments, stones are thrown on the outer periphery of the sleeve 2, a part of the stones are located on the anti-sinking plate 21 to prevent the sleeve 2 from inclining due to the impact of seawater, and another part of the stones are located on the outer periphery of the anti-sinking plate 21, so that the sand and sand around the pile foundation 1 are washed and form a washing pit due to the action of waves and tide, and the stones can turn over into the washing pit in time, so that the stability of the pile foundation 1 is improved, and the anti-washing effect is enhanced. When the stone throwing operation is carried out, the sleeve 2 and the anti-sinking plate 21 can also prevent the thrown stone from smashing the pile foundation 1, and the pile foundation has the characteristics of safety and reliability.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.