阅读说明：本技术 防喷孔组合阻尼钻具及其使用方法 (Anti-jet hole combined damping drilling tool and using method thereof ) 是由 李健 孙玉宁 贺志宏 王永龙 曹俊文 李小平 杨威 柴文祝 章敏 丁立培 余在江 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种防喷孔组合阻尼钻具及其使用方法,包括同轴线设置的揭露钻头、阻尼钻杆、扩孔钻头和常规钻杆,揭露钻头设在阻尼钻杆前端,扩孔钻头设在阻尼钻杆后端,扩孔钻头后端与常规钻杆前端连接。本发明提出了一种从源头上防治喷孔的理念,通过设计孔底阻尼钻具,具有钻孔、扩孔和排渣的基本功能,在钻进到瓦斯富集区时,使喷孔产生的气流动力不断削弱,从而避免喷孔动力现象的发生。(The invention discloses a blowout-preventing hole combined damping drilling tool and a using method thereof. The invention provides a concept of preventing and treating jet holes from the source, and the design of a hole bottom damping drilling tool has the basic functions of drilling, reaming and deslagging, so that the airflow power generated by the jet holes is continuously weakened when the drilling reaches a gas enrichment region, and the power phenomenon of the jet holes is avoided.)

1. Prevent orifice combination damping drilling tool, its characterized in that: the exposure drill bit is arranged at the front end of the damping drill rod, the hole expanding drill bit is arranged at the rear end of the damping drill rod, and the rear end of the hole expanding drill bit is connected with the front end of the conventional drill rod.

2. The blowout prevention hole combination damping drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein: the disclosed drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a first external thread connector which are of a coaxial integrated structure;

the front end and the rear end of the damping drill rod are respectively provided with a first internal thread hole and a second external thread connector;

the reaming drill comprises a sleeve and a reaming head arranged on the excircle of the sleeve, a second internal thread hole and a third internal thread hole are respectively arranged at the front port and the rear port of the inner circle of the sleeve, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the interior of the sleeve, and a through hole communicated with the second internal thread hole and the third internal thread hole is formed in the partition plate;

the front end of the conventional drill rod is provided with a third external thread connector;

the first external thread connector at the rear end of the exposed drill bit extends into and is in threaded connection with the first internal thread hole at the front end of the damping drill rod, the second external thread connector at the rear end of the damping drill rod extends into and is in threaded connection with the second internal thread hole at the front end of the expanding drill bit, and the third external thread connector at the front end of the conventional drill rod extends into and is in threaded connection with the third internal thread hole at the rear end of the expanding drill bit.

3. The blowout prevention hole combination damping drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein: the maximum rotation diameter of the bit body of the exposed drill bit is 0-8mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the damping drill rod, and the maximum rotation diameter of the reaming head of the reaming bit is more than 5mm larger than the maximum rotation diameter of the bit body of the exposed drill bit.

4. The blowout prevention hole combination damping drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein: the outer circle surface of the damping drill rod is provided with a spiral rib structure or a spiral groove structure, the height of the rib structure is set to be 1-10mm, and the depth of the groove structure is set to be 0.5-10 mm.

5. The method for using the blowout prevention hole combination damping drilling tool according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) connecting the rear end of the exposed drill bit with the front end of the damping drill rod, and operating the drilling machine to drive the rear end of the damping drill rod to rotate at a high speed to expose the drill bit for drilling;

(2) stopping drilling when the drilling depth reaches the length of the damping drill rod, connecting the front end of the reaming bit with the rear end of the damping drill rod, enabling the reaming bit to be in front of a front holder of the drilling machine, and then connecting the front end of the conventional drill rod with the rear end of the reaming bit;

(3) starting the drilling machine to continue drilling, and simultaneously reaming the inner wall of the drilled hole by the reaming bit;

(4) when the exposed drill bit drills into a gas enrichment area and gas spray holes appear, the outer diameter of the exposed drill bit is 0-8mm smaller than the outer diameter of the exposed drill bit, the annular gap of the spray holes is reduced, the gas spray hole resistance is enhanced, meanwhile, the spiral rib structure or the groove structure arranged on the surface of the damping drill rod plays a role in assisting slag discharge in the rotating process, the blocking effect is further played in the gas spray hole process, when gas of the spray holes is sprayed backwards to the expanding drill bit, the diameter of the exposed drill bit is more than 5mm smaller than the diameter of the expanding drill bit, and a smaller gas release opening is formed between the expanding drill bit and the inner wall of a drill hole when the expanding drill bit rotates at a high speed, so that the gas spraying amount is controlled.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal seam drilling blowout prevention holes, and particularly relates to a blowout prevention hole combined damping drilling tool for solving the problem that a large amount of gas is jetted out of a drilling hole when the drilling hole is over-high pressure gas enrichment area and a using method thereof.

Background

When a deep high-gas coal seam is mined, pre-extraction is needed, but a gas-enriched area exists in a local coal rock layer, when a common drilling machine is constructed, roof-running long drilling holes are arranged in the coal rock layer respectively for pre-extraction in advance, a high-power sealed blowout-preventing hole device is required to be used, the analysis of the gas geology of the rock layer is also required to be enhanced, geological forecast is timely issued to a geological fracture zone and the gas-enriched area which are possibly encountered in the drilling construction, once a cross-layer drilling hole is drilled into the gas-enriched area, a large number of gas spray holes are easy to occur, and the gas spray hole over-limit accident is caused. The existing prevention and control adopts blowout preventers with various structures, which is a passive prevention and control means and still has great damage. Therefore, it is highly desirable to design an active blowout preventer, which reduces the power of the nozzle during drilling and reduces or even eliminates the damage to the outside of the nozzle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the blowout-preventing hole combined damping drilling tool which is scientific in principle, simple in structure, capable of actively preventing the holes from being sprayed in the drilling process and good in blowout-preventing hole effect and the using method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the anti-spraying hole combined damping drilling tool comprises an exposure drill bit, a damping drill rod, a hole expanding drill bit and a conventional drill rod which are coaxially arranged, wherein the exposure drill bit is arranged at the front end of the damping drill rod, the hole expanding drill bit is arranged at the rear end of the damping drill rod, and the rear end of the hole expanding drill bit is connected with the front end of the conventional drill rod.

The disclosed drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a first external thread connector which are of a coaxial integrated structure;

the front end and the rear end of the damping drill rod are respectively provided with a first internal thread hole and a second external thread connector;

the reaming drill comprises a sleeve and a reaming head arranged on the excircle of the sleeve, a second internal thread hole and a third internal thread hole are respectively arranged at the front port and the rear port of the inner circle of the sleeve, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the interior of the sleeve, and a through hole communicated with the second internal thread hole and the third internal thread hole is formed in the partition plate;

the front end of the conventional drill rod is provided with a third external thread connector;

the first external thread connector at the rear end of the exposed drill bit extends into and is in threaded connection with the first internal thread hole at the front end of the damping drill rod, the second external thread connector at the rear end of the damping drill rod extends into and is in threaded connection with the second internal thread hole at the front end of the expanding drill bit, and the third external thread connector at the front end of the conventional drill rod extends into and is in threaded connection with the third internal thread hole at the rear end of the expanding drill bit.

The maximum rotation diameter of the bit body of the exposed drill bit is 0-8mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the damping drill rod, and the maximum rotation diameter of the reaming head of the reaming bit is more than 5mm larger than the maximum rotation diameter of the bit body of the exposed drill bit.

The outer circle surface of the damping drill rod is provided with a spiral rib structure or a spiral groove structure, the height of the rib structure is set to be 1-10mm, and the depth of the groove structure is set to be 0.5-10 mm.

The use method of the blowout-preventing hole combined damping drilling tool comprises the following steps:

(1) connecting the rear end of the exposed drill bit with the front end of the damping drill rod, and operating the drilling machine to drive the rear end of the damping drill rod to rotate at a high speed to expose the drill bit for drilling;

(2) stopping drilling when the drilling depth reaches the length of the damping drill rod, connecting the front end of the reaming bit with the rear end of the damping drill rod, enabling the reaming bit to be in front of a front holder of the drilling machine, and then connecting the front end of the conventional drill rod with the rear end of the reaming bit;

(3) starting the drilling machine to continue drilling, and simultaneously reaming the inner wall of the drilled hole by the reaming bit;

(4) when the exposed drill bit drills into a gas enrichment area and gas spray holes appear, the outer diameter of the exposed drill bit is 0-8mm smaller than the outer diameter of the exposed drill bit, the annular gap of the spray holes is reduced, the gas spray hole resistance is enhanced, meanwhile, the spiral rib structure or the groove structure arranged on the surface of the damping drill rod plays a role in assisting slag discharge in the rotating process, the blocking effect is further played in the gas spray hole process, when gas of the spray holes is sprayed backwards to the expanding drill bit, the diameter of the exposed drill bit is more than 5mm smaller than the diameter of the expanding drill bit, and a smaller gas release opening is formed between the expanding drill bit and the inner wall of a drill hole when the expanding drill bit rotates at a high speed, so that the gas spraying amount is controlled.

By adopting the technical scheme, the internal thread holes and the external thread connectors in all the parts adopt cone structures, so that the connection is more compact and reliable, and the disassembly is easier.

The invention is composed of an exposure drill bit, a damping drill rod, a hole expanding drill bit and a conventional drill rod. The maximum rotary outer diameter of the exposure drill bit is smaller than that of the reaming drill bit, the exposure drill bit is used for exposing a gas enrichment area to enable high-pressure gas to be slowly released at a constant speed, and the rear end of the exposure drill bit is provided with a first external thread connector (a male buckle connector) connected with a damping drill rod; the diameter of the damping drill rod is smaller than that of the exposed drill bit, and the surface of the damping drill rod is provided with a resistance-increasing slag-discharge-assisting structure (a spiral rib structure or a spiral groove structure) which can assist in discharging drilling slag and enhance the resistance of the spray holes; the reaming bit is a bit structure with a front female buckle and a rear female buckle (a second internal thread hole and a third internal thread hole), plays a role in expanding the aperture on the basis of exposing the bit, and can be connected with a damping drill rod and a conventional drill rod. The exposure drill bit, the damping drill rod, the expanding drill bit and the conventional drill rod are connected to form the combined damping drill tool, the combined damping drill tool can effectively prevent the problem of spraying holes when a gas enrichment area is exposed from a coal rock layer from the internal source of a drill hole, so that gas is uniformly discharged, the occurrence of gas overrun accidents is avoided, and meanwhile, the deflection of the drill hole can be avoided.

In conclusion, the invention provides an idea of preventing and treating the jet holes from the source, and the hole bottom damping drilling tool is designed to have the basic functions of drilling, reaming and deslagging, so that the airflow power generated by the jet holes is continuously weakened when the drilling tool drills into a gas enrichment area, and the jet hole power phenomenon is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a blowout prevention hole combined damping drilling tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drill bit according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the damping drill rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an axial cross-sectional view of the damping drill rod of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the reamer head of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a reamer head of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a conventional drill rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the shape and structure of a damping drill rod according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is an axial sectional view of a damped drill rod in a second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-7, the blowout-preventing hole combination damping drilling tool of the present invention includes an exposure drill bit 1, a damping drill rod 2, a hole-expanding drill bit 3 and a conventional drill rod 4, which are coaxially arranged, wherein the exposure drill bit 1 is arranged at the front end of the damping drill rod 2, the hole-expanding drill bit 3 is arranged at the rear end of the damping drill rod 2, and the rear end of the hole-expanding drill bit 3 is connected with the front end of the conventional drill rod 4.

The disclosed drill bit 1 comprises a bit body 5 and a first external thread connector 6 which are of a coaxial integrated structure;

the front end and the rear end of the damping drill rod 2 are respectively provided with a first internal thread hole 7 and a second external thread connector 8;

the reaming bit 3 comprises a sleeve 9 and a reaming head 10 arranged at the excircle of the sleeve 9, a front port and a rear port of the inner circle of the sleeve 9 are respectively provided with a second internal threaded hole 11 and a third internal threaded hole 12, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the interior of the sleeve 9, and the partition plate is provided with a through hole for communicating the second internal threaded hole 11 with the third internal threaded hole 12;

the front end of the conventional drill rod 4 is provided with a third external thread connector 13;

reveal first external screw thread connector 6 of drill bit 1 rear end stretch into and threaded connection in the first internal thread hole 7 of damping drilling rod 2 front end, the second external screw thread connector 8 of damping drilling rod 2 rear end stretches into and threaded connection in the second internal thread hole 11 of reamer bit 3 front end, and the third external screw thread connector 13 of conventional drilling rod 4 front end stretches into and threaded connection in the third internal thread hole 12 of reamer bit 3 rear end.

The maximum rotation diameter of the bit body 5 of the exposed drill bit 1 is 0-8mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the damping drill rod 2, and the maximum rotation diameter of the reaming head 10 of the reaming bit 3 is more than 5mm larger than the maximum rotation diameter of the bit body 5 of the exposed drill bit 1.

The outer circle surface of the damping drill rod 2 is provided with a spiral rib structure 14, and the height of the rib structure 14 is set to be 1-10 mm.

The use method of the blowout-preventing hole combined damping drilling tool comprises the following steps:

(1) the rear end of the exposed drill bit 1 is connected with the front end of the damping drill rod 2, and the drilling machine is controlled to drive the rear end of the damping drill rod 2 to rotate at a high speed, so that the exposed drill bit 1 performs drilling operation;

(2) stopping drilling when the drilling depth reaches the length of the damping drill rod 2, connecting the front end of the reaming bit 3 with the rear end of the damping drill rod 2, enabling the reaming bit 3 to be in front of a front holder of the drilling machine, and then connecting the front end of the conventional drill rod 4 with the rear end of the reaming bit 3;

(3) starting the drilling machine to continue drilling, and simultaneously reaming the inner wall of the drilled hole by the reaming bit 3;

(4) when the revealing drill bit 1 drills into a gas enrichment area and gas spray holes appear, the outer diameter of the damping drill rod 2 is 0-8mm smaller than the outer diameter of the revealing drill bit 1, the annular gap of the spray holes is reduced, the gas spray hole resistance is enhanced, meanwhile, the spiral convex edge structure 14 arranged on the surface of the damping drill rod 2 plays a role in assisting slag discharge in the rotating process and further plays a role in blocking in the gas spray hole process, when the gas of the spray holes is sprayed to the expanding drill bit 3 backwards, the revealing drill bit 1 is 5mm smaller than the diameter of the expanding drill bit 3, and a smaller gas release port is formed between the expanding drill bit 3 and the inner wall of a drill hole during high-speed rotation, so that the gas spraying amount is controlled.

Example two: as shown in fig. 8 and 9, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the groove structure 15 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the damping drill rod 2, and the depth of the groove structure 15 is set to 0.5-10 mm.

The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.