阅读说明：本技术 一种提高盐碱地景观园林植物成活率的方法 (Method for improving survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil ) 是由 吕奥博 丁辉 王帅康 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提高盐碱地景观园林植物成活率的方法,包括以下步骤：对盐碱地进行电导率分析并改良；选择适宜的植物品种；定期浇灌水和分析土壤导电率用以施加不同肥料；定期进行病虫害防治；定期进行修剪；本发明通过先对盐碱地进行酸碱度和导电率的测定,然后根据测定的结果选择相应的物质进行改良,使得改良后的土壤满足植物的成活和生长的需要。(The invention discloses a method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps: analyzing and improving the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil; selecting a suitable plant variety; periodically watering and analyzing the conductivity of the soil for applying different fertilizers; pest control is carried out regularly; trimming is carried out regularly; according to the invention, the pH value and the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil are firstly measured, and then corresponding substances are selected according to the measured result for improvement, so that the improved soil meets the requirements of plant survival and growth.)

1. A method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

analyzing and improving the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil;

selecting a suitable plant variety;

periodically watering and analyzing the conductivity of the soil for applying different fertilizers;

pest control is carried out regularly;

the trimming is performed periodically.

2. The method for improving plant survival rate in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the plant species comprises white wax, poplar, chunying and oriental plane with nitrogen fixation effect.

3. The method for improving the plant survival rate in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil is analyzed, and the method comprises the following specific steps: the conductivity in the determined soil horizontal direction is measured using a telluric conductivity meter, the value measured by the telluric conductivity meter is converted into an EC value, and the pH value of the soil is measured.

4. The method for improving the plant survival rate of the saline-alkali soil according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the saline-alkali soil is improved as follows: when EC is more than or equal to 1.30 and pH is more than or equal to 10, 2543kg of desulfurized gypsum, 2081kg of weathered coal, 3664kg of organic fertilizer and 103kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area;

1540kg of desulfurized gypsum, 1824kg of weathered coal, 2104kg of organic fertilizer and 83kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area with the EC of 0.81-1.30 and the pH of 9.4-10.0;

applying 1021kg of desulfurized gypsum, 1437kg of weathered coal, 1457kg of organic fertilizer and 70kg of ferrous sulfate to each mu of area with EC of 0.51-0.80 and pH of 8.6-9.3;

800kg of desulfurized gypsum, 954kg of weathered coal, 1032kg of organic fertilizer and 65kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area with the EC of 0.31-0.50 and the pH of 7.1-8.5;

750kg of desulfurized gypsum, 657kg of weathered coal, 584kg of organic fertilizer and 46kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area with the EC of 0.17-0.30 and the pH of 6.4-7.0.

5. The method for improving the survival rate of plants in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the regular irrigation water is regularly irrigated by a net-type irrigation device, the net-type irrigation device comprises a plurality of parallel drip irrigation pipes, the distance between every two adjacent drip irrigation pipes is equal, and a filter screen and a reverse osmosis filter membrane are arranged at the water outlet of each drip irrigation pipe.

6. The method for improving the survival rate of plants in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 5, wherein the watering time is as follows: watering the plants with rooting water once every 2 days in 1-2 years after transplantation, and watering the plants once every 3-4 days after the plants survive.

7. The method for improving the survival rate of plants in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the periodic pest control specifically comprises the following steps: in the breeding period of the diseases and the pests, bionic plants with bright colors are arranged in gaps between adjacent plants, viscose is sprayed on the bionic plants, and the spraying is repeated once every 3 to 5 days.

8. The method for improving the plant survival rate in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein the viscose is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 5-7 parts of mineral oil, 15-17 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 14-16 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber and 11-15 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion; the raw materials of the viscose are dissolved and mixed at the temperature of 120 ℃.

9. The method for improving the survival rate of plants in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the regular pruning is carried out specifically as follows: pruning under the condition of unchanged plant shape, and removing one third of leaves within 1-2 years of transplantation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil plant planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil.

Background

The distribution of saline-alkali soil in China is wide, China is a big country of saline-alkali soil, and 10 countries with the first-class saline-alkali soil are the third-class in China; the Chinese saline-alkali soil is distributed in 17 provinces including northwest, northeast, north China and coastal areas, the total area of saline-alkali wasteland and saline-alkali soil influencing cultivated land exceeds 5 hundred million acres, and the Chinese saline-alkali soil with agricultural development potential accounts for more than 10 percent of the total area of the cultivated land in China.

Saline-alkali soil has toxic action on plants and can poison plant cells, protoplasm is damaged due to the accumulation of salt in the plants, and protein synthesis is hindered, so that the plants are poor in growth and development; particularly, excessive salt also prevents the formation of starch in stomatal guard cells, thereby influencing stomatal closure, leading the water in the plant body to lose quickly and easily leading the plant to wither.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems of the existing saline-alkali soil in the aspect of plant planting, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

analyzing and improving the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil;

selecting a suitable plant variety;

periodically watering and analyzing the conductivity of the soil for applying different fertilizers;

pest control is carried out regularly;

the trimming is performed periodically.

Further defined, the plant species include ash, poplar, spring greeting, and macaranga tanarius having nitrogen fixation.

Further limiting, conducting conductivity analysis on the saline-alkali soil, and specifically comprising the following steps: the conductivity in the determined soil horizontal direction is measured using a telluric conductivity meter, the value measured by the telluric conductivity meter is converted into an EC value, and the pH value of the soil is measured.

Further limiting, the improvement of the saline-alkali soil is as follows: when EC is more than or equal to 1.30 and pH is more than or equal to 10, 2543kg of desulfurized gypsum, 2081kg of weathered coal, 3664kg of organic fertilizer and 103kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area;

1540kg of desulfurized gypsum, 1824kg of weathered coal, 2104kg of organic fertilizer and 83kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area with the EC of 0.81-1.30 and the pH of 9.4-10.0;

applying 1021kg of desulfurized gypsum, 1437kg of weathered coal, 1457kg of organic fertilizer and 70kg of ferrous sulfate to each mu of area with EC of 0.51-0.80 and pH of 8.6-9.3;

800kg of desulfurized gypsum, 954kg of weathered coal, 1032kg of organic fertilizer and 65kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area with the EC of 0.31-0.50 and the pH of 7.1-8.5;

750kg of desulfurized gypsum, 657kg of weathered coal, 584kg of organic fertilizer and 46kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of area with the EC of 0.17-0.30 and the pH of 6.4-7.0.

Further inject, regular watering adopts net formula watering device regularly to water, and net formula watering device includes a plurality of parallel drip irrigation pipes, and the distance between two adjacent drip irrigation pipes equals, and the delivery port department of drip irrigation pipe is provided with filter screen and reverse osmosis membrane.

Further limiting, the watering time is as follows: watering the plants with rooting water once every 2 days in 1-2 years after transplantation, and watering the plants once every 3-4 days after the plants survive.

Further limiting, the periodically performing pest control specifically comprises: in the breeding period of the diseases and the pests, bionic plants with bright colors are arranged in gaps between adjacent plants, viscose is sprayed on the bionic plants, and the spraying is repeated once every 3 to 5 days.

Further limited, the viscose is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 5-7 parts of mineral oil, 15-17 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 14-16 parts of chlorinated butyl rubber and 11-15 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion; the raw materials of the viscose are dissolved and mixed at the temperature of 120 ℃.

Further, the periodically trimming is specifically as follows: pruning under the condition of unchanged plant shape, and removing one third of leaves within 1-2 years of transplantation.

Has the advantages that: 1. according to the method, the pH value and the electric conductivity of the saline-alkali soil are measured, and then corresponding crops are selected for improvement according to the measured result, so that the improved soil meets the survival and growth requirements of the crops;

2. the filter screen and the reverse osmosis filter membrane are arranged at the water outlet of the drip irrigation pipe, so that water replenishing, water draining and ventilation can be effectively carried out, the control of watering time is realized, and the survival rate of the nursery stock is integrally improved.

3. The bionic plant and the viscose are combined, the bionic plant attracts pests to stop, and the viscose is adhered to the pests, so that the pests die due to lack of food intake caused by long-time adhesion, the use and the residue of pesticides can be reduced, and the plants are not damaged; and the viscose is prepared from specific components, is not easy to age and deteriorate, can be used for a long time, has strong bonding capability, and can not escape only by being adhered to a little, so that the capture rate is improved.

The invention obviously improves the survival rate of the plants in the saline-alkali soil through the direct synergistic effect of the steps.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The embodiment takes saline-alkali soil of Qinghai area as an example;

a method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

s1, analyzing and improving the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil: measuring the conductivity of the determined soil in the horizontal direction by using a ground conductivity meter, converting the value measured by the ground conductivity meter into an EC value, and measuring the pH value of the soil, wherein the EC value is 0.62 and the pH value is 8.9 in the embodiment, 1021kg of desulfurized gypsum, 1437kg of weathered coal, 1457kg of organic fertilizer and 70kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu;

s2, selecting a proper plant variety: selecting white wax and poplar for interplanting according to the EC value and the pH value obtained in the step S1;

s3, watering periodically and analyzing the conductivity of the soil to apply different fertilizers

S3-1, watering regularly by adopting a net type watering device, wherein the net type watering device comprises a plurality of parallel drip irrigation pipes, the distance between every two adjacent drip irrigation pipes is equal, and a filter screen and a reverse osmosis filter membrane are arranged at the water outlet of each drip irrigation pipe, so that water can be effectively supplemented, water can be drained, air can be ventilated, and the survival rate can be improved; watering for rooting water immediately after transplanting, and watering for survival every 2 days in 1 year after transplanting and watering every 3 days;

s3-2. every 3 months, the conductivity and pH in the horizontal direction of the soil were measured using a geoconductivity meter, in this example over 2 years, as shown in table 1,

TABLE 1

As can be seen from Table 1, the conductivity and pH of the soil change little within two years, so that no fertilizer containing a regulator needs to be added, and only a phosphorus-containing organic fertilizer needs to be applied.

S4, periodically preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests;

in the breeding period of the diseases and the pests, bionic plants with bright colors are arranged in gaps between adjacent plants, viscose is sprayed on the bionic plants, and the bionic plants are repeatedly sprayed once every 3 days;

the viscose is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 5g of mineral oil, 15g of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 14g of chlorinated butyl rubber and 11g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and the components are dissolved and mixed at the temperature of 120 ℃.

S5, regularly trimming;

pruning is carried out with the plant shape unchanged, and one third of the leaves are removed within 1 year of transplantation.

Example 2

In the embodiment, saline-alkali soil of Hainan is taken as an example;

a method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

s1, analyzing and improving the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil: measuring the conductivity of the determined soil in the horizontal direction by using a ground conductivity meter, converting the value measured by the ground conductivity meter into an EC value, and measuring the pH value of the soil, wherein the EC value is 0.98 and the pH value is 9.7, and 1540kg of desulfurized gypsum, 1824kg of weathered coal, 2104kg of organic fertilizer and 83kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of soil;

s2, selecting a proper plant variety: selecting spring welcome and tung tree interplanting according to the EC value and the pH value obtained in the step S1;

s3, watering periodically and analyzing the conductivity of the soil to apply different fertilizers

S3-1, watering regularly by adopting a net type watering device, wherein the net type watering device comprises a plurality of parallel drip irrigation pipes, the distance between every two adjacent drip irrigation pipes is equal, and a filter screen and a reverse osmosis filter membrane are arranged at the water outlet of each drip irrigation pipe, so that water can be effectively supplemented, water can be drained, air can be ventilated, and the survival rate can be improved; watering root fixing water during transplanting, and watering every 4 days after survival every 2 days in 2 years after transplanting;

s3-2. every 3 months, the conductivity and pH in the horizontal direction of the soil were measured using a geoconductivity meter, in this example over 2 years, as shown in table 2,

TABLE 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the conductivity and pH value of the soil change little within two years, the pH value is close to neutral, and the conductivity is low, so that a fertilizer containing a regulator is not required to be added, and only a phosphorus-containing organic fertilizer is required to be applied.

S4, periodically preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests;

in the breeding period of the diseases and the pests, bionic plants with bright colors are arranged in gaps between adjacent plants, viscose is sprayed on the bionic plants, and the bionic plants are repeatedly sprayed once every 3 days;

the viscose is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 7g of mineral oil, 17g of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 16g of chlorinated butyl rubber and 15g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and the components are dissolved and mixed at the temperature of 120 ℃.

S5, regularly trimming;

pruning is carried out with the plant shape unchanged, and one third of the leaves are removed within 2 years of transplantation.

Example 3

The embodiment takes saline-alkali soil of the southeast coast as an example;

a method for improving the survival rate of landscape garden plants in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:

s1, analyzing and improving the conductivity of the saline-alkali soil: measuring the conductivity of the determined soil in the horizontal direction by using a geoelectric conductivity meter, converting the value measured by the geoelectric conductivity meter into an EC value, and measuring the pH value of the soil, wherein the EC value is 1.58, the pH value is 11.7, and 2543kg of desulfurized gypsum, 2081kg of weathered coal, 3664kg of organic fertilizer and 103kg of ferrous sulfate are applied to each mu of soil;

s2, selecting a proper plant variety: selecting poplar and spring welcome interplanting according to the EC value and the pH value obtained in the step S1;

s3, watering periodically and analyzing the conductivity of the soil to apply different fertilizers

S3-1, watering regularly by adopting a net type watering device, wherein the net type watering device comprises a plurality of parallel drip irrigation pipes, the distance between every two adjacent drip irrigation pipes is equal, and a filter screen and a reverse osmosis filter membrane are arranged at the water outlet of each drip irrigation pipe, so that water can be effectively supplemented, water can be drained, air can be ventilated, and the survival rate can be improved; watering root fixing water during transplanting, and watering every 4 days after survival every 2 days in 2 years after transplanting;

s3-2. every 3 months, the conductivity and pH in the horizontal direction of the soil were measured using a geoconductivity meter, in this example over 2 years, as shown in table 3,

TABLE 3

As can be seen from Table 3, the conductivity and pH value of the soil change little within two years, the pH value is close to neutral, and the conductivity is low, so that a fertilizer containing a regulator is not required to be added, and only a phosphorus-containing organic fertilizer is required to be applied.

S4, periodically preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests;

in the breeding period of the diseases and the pests, bionic plants with bright colors are arranged in gaps between adjacent plants, viscose is sprayed on the bionic plants, and the bionic plants are repeatedly sprayed once every 3 days;

the viscose is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 7g of mineral oil, 17g of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 16g of chlorinated butyl rubber and 15g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion, and the components are dissolved and mixed at the temperature of 120 ℃.

S5, regularly trimming;

pruning is carried out with the plant shape unchanged, and one third of the leaves are removed within 2 years of transplantation. Finally, it should be noted that: the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.