Feed capable of improving production and reproduction performance of sows and preparation method of feed

文档序号：1910271 发布日期：2021-12-03 浏览：2次中文

阅读说明：本技术 一种可改善母猪生产繁殖性能的饲料及其制备方法 (Feed capable of improving production and reproduction performance of sows and preparation method of feed ) 是由唐满红于 2021-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种可改善母猪生产繁殖性能的饲料及其制备方法,先将玉米粉加入水中,磨浆,得到玉米浆,接着向玉米浆中加入β-淀粉酶,一次酶解,灭酶,加入α-葡萄糖苷酶,二次酶解,灭酶,得到酶解玉米浆；再将豆粕粉加入水中,磨浆,得到豆粕浆,接入复合菌剂,发酵,得到发酵豆粕浆；然后将新鲜紫薯、覆盆子分别捣碎后混合均匀,接着加入茶黄素和卟啉铁,加水磨浆,再加入β-环糊精,均质化处理,得到预混浆料；最后将酶解玉米浆、发酵豆粕浆和预混浆料混合均匀,均质化处理,喷雾干燥即得。母猪卵巢健康是母猪繁殖生产的基础,背膘厚度是衡量母猪身体状况的指标之一,该饲料可调理母猪卵巢健康,显著增加母猪背膘厚度,从根本上改善母猪生产繁殖性能,具有很好的应用前景。(The invention provides a feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows and a preparation method thereof, wherein corn flour is added into water and ground into pulp to obtain corn steep liquor, then beta-amylase is added into the corn steep liquor, the first enzymolysis and the enzyme deactivation are carried out, alpha-glucosidase is added, the second enzymolysis and the enzyme deactivation are carried out to obtain the enzymolysis corn steep liquor; adding the soybean meal powder into water, grinding the soybean meal powder into pulp to obtain soybean meal pulp, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum, and fermenting to obtain fermented soybean meal pulp; then respectively mashing fresh purple sweet potatoes and raspberry, uniformly mixing, adding theaflavin and iron porphyrin, adding water, grinding into thick liquid, adding beta-cyclodextrin, and homogenizing to obtain premixed slurry; and finally, uniformly mixing the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean pulp and the premixed slurry, homogenizing, and spray-drying to obtain the soybean milk. The health of the female pig ovary is the basis of the breeding production of the female pig, the backfat thickness is one of the indexes for measuring the physical condition of the female pig, the feed can regulate the health of the female pig ovary, obviously increase the backfat thickness of the female pig, fundamentally improve the production and breeding performance of the female pig and has good application prospect.)

1. A preparation method of a feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) firstly, adding corn flour into water, grinding the corn flour into pulp to obtain corn pulp, then adding beta-amylase into the corn pulp, carrying out primary enzymolysis, inactivating enzymes, adding alpha-glucosidase, carrying out secondary enzymolysis, and inactivating enzymes to obtain enzymolysis corn pulp for later use;

(2) adding the soybean meal powder into water, grinding the soybean meal powder into pulp to obtain soybean meal pulp, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum, and fermenting to obtain fermented soybean meal pulp for later use;

(3) then respectively mashing fresh purple sweet potatoes and raspberry, uniformly mixing, adding theaflavin and iron porphyrin, adding water, grinding into thick liquid, adding beta-cyclodextrin, and homogenizing to obtain premixed slurry;

(4) finally, uniformly mixing the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean meal pulp and the premixed slurry, homogenizing, and spray-drying to obtain the feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows;

wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises: 30-40 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 30-40 hundred million/g of lactobacillus casei and 10-15 hundred million/g of aspergillus oryzae.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of the corn flour, the water, the beta-amylase and the alpha-glucosidase is 1: 5-7: 0.02-0.03: 0.01 to 0.02.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the process conditions of the primary enzymolysis are as follows: the pH value is 5.5-6.5, the temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the time is 10-12 hours.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the process conditions of the secondary enzymolysis are as follows: the pH value is 4.5-5.5, the temperature is 45-55 ℃, and the time is 7-9 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the mass ratio of the soybean meal powder, the water and the complex microbial inoculum is 1: 0.8-1: 0.05 to 0.07.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: fermenting for 130-150 hours at 35-40 ℃.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of the purple sweet potato to the raspberry to the theaflavin to the iron porphyrin to the water to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.01-0.02: 0.01-0.02: 2-3: 0.03 to 0.04.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenizing at 40MPa for 1-2 min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean meal pulp and the premixed slurry is 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.01 to 0.02.

10. A feed capable of improving the productive reproduction performance of sows, obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a feed capable of improving the productive reproduction performance of sows and a preparation method thereof.

Background

China is a big country for pork consumption, but the difference between the pig production in China and the developed country of animal husbandry is quite large, so how to improve the production efficiency of pigs is an important target of the current pig industry. The key for restricting the production efficiency of the live pigs lies in the production and reproduction performance of the sows, and the sows as producers on the pig raising chain are the restrictors for determining the economic benefits of the pig farms.

The specially prepared feed is fed according to the growth characteristics of the sows, and the method is one of simple methods for improving the production and reproduction performance of the sows. The existing special feed for the sows is only to simply add some nutrient elements on the basis of a general feed, even to simply adjust the composition of the nutrient elements, has limited efficacy and is difficult to play a powerful role in improving the production and reproduction performance of the sows.

The factors influencing the production and reproduction performance of the sows are many, the two most key factors are the health state of the ovaries of the sows and the thickness of the backfat of the sows, the health of the ovaries of the sows is the basis of the reproduction and the production of the sows, the thickness of the backfat is one of indexes for measuring the physical condition of the sows, and the reduction of the thickness of the backfat usually means that the sows decompose the body tissues so as to meet the requirements of a series of metabolic activities such as milk formation and the like.

Patent CN107319163B discloses a compound feed for lactating sows, which is prepared by mixing corn, soybean meal, fermented soybean meal, soybean hull, fish meal, intestinal membrane protein powder, glucose, soybean oil, calcium formate, calcium hydrophosphate, amino acid, vitamin additive, trace element premix and the like in a specific ratio. Compared with the general feed, the feed has the main difference that the formula is adjusted, and the improvement effect on the production and reproduction performance of sows is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a feed capable of improving the productive reproduction performance of sows and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems of limited improvement of the productive reproduction performance of sows and the like.

In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a preparation method of a feed capable of improving the productive reproduction performance of sows, which comprises the following specific steps:

wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises: 30-40 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 30-40 hundred million/g of lactobacillus casei and 10-15 hundred million/g of aspergillus oryzae.

Preferably, the grain diameter of the corn flour and the soybean meal is 80-100 meshes.

Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the corn flour, the water, the beta-amylase and the alpha-glucosidase is 1: 5-7: 0.02-0.03: 0.01 to 0.02.

Preferably, in the step (1), the process conditions of the primary enzymolysis are as follows: the pH value is 5.5-6.5, the temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the time is 10-12 hours.

Preferably, in the step (1), the process conditions of the secondary enzymolysis are as follows: the pH value is 4.5-5.5, the temperature is 45-55 ℃, and the time is 7-9 hours.

Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the soybean meal powder, the water and the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 0.8-1: 0.05 to 0.07.

Preferably, in the step (2), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: fermenting for 130-150 hours at 35-40 ℃.

Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the purple sweet potato to the raspberry to the theaflavin to the porphyrin iron to the water to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.01-0.02: 0.01-0.02: 2-3: 0.03 to 0.04.

Preferably, in step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenizing at 40MPa for 1-2 min.

Preferably, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the enzymatic corn pulp to the fermented soybean pulp to the premixed slurry is 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.01 to 0.02.

Preferably, in the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenizing at 18-20 MPa for 2-3 min.

The invention also provides the feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows, which is obtained by the preparation method.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, adding corn flour into water, grinding the corn flour into pulp to obtain corn pulp, then adding beta-amylase into the corn pulp, carrying out primary enzymolysis and enzyme deactivation, adding alpha-glucosidase, carrying out secondary enzymolysis and enzyme deactivation to obtain enzymolysis corn pulp; adding the soybean meal powder into water, grinding the soybean meal powder into pulp to obtain soybean meal pulp, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum, and fermenting to obtain fermented soybean meal pulp; then respectively mashing fresh purple sweet potatoes and raspberry, uniformly mixing, adding theaflavin and iron porphyrin, adding water, grinding into thick liquid, adding beta-cyclodextrin, and homogenizing to obtain premixed slurry; and finally, uniformly mixing the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean pulp and the premixed slurry, homogenizing, and performing spray drying to obtain the feed. The health of the female pig ovary is the basis of the breeding production of the female pig, the backfat thickness is one of the indexes for measuring the physical condition of the female pig, the feed can regulate the health of the female pig ovary, obviously increase the backfat thickness of the female pig, fundamentally improve the production and breeding performance of the female pig and has good application prospect.

Corn flour is rich in starch, beta-amylase is an exo-amylase, when the exo-amylase acts on starch, separated alpha-1 and 4 bonds are cut off from a non-reducing end in sequence, and hydrolysis products are all maltose. Therefore, the corn flour is subjected to primary enzymolysis under the action of beta-amylase to generate a large amount of maltose, and then the maltose and the alpha-glucosidase are subjected to secondary enzymolysis to change the bonding position of the molecular structure, so that the maltose is converted into isomaltooligosaccharide in a large amount. The enzymolysis treatment process of the corn flour is very important, the technical key is that the combination of beta-amylase and alpha-glucosidase is adopted, the beta-amylase controls the corn flour to be completely hydrolyzed into maltose instead of glucose, and the alpha-glucosidase further converts the maltose into isomaltose hypgather, so the corn flour subjected to enzymolysis treatment contains a large amount of isomaltose hypgather, the isomaltose hypgather has a good adjusting effect on intestinal flora of sows, the number of bifidobacteria in intestinal tracts is increased, the number of escherichia coli is reduced, the whole body state of sows is fundamentally improved, the immunity of the sows is enhanced, the absorption of other components in feed is improved, the backfat thickness of the sows is remarkably increased, the health conditioning of ovaries of the sows is facilitated, and a good foundation is provided for improving the production and reproduction performance of the sows.

The soybean meal powder contains soybean isoflavone which is a phytoestrogen, can supplement estrogen of sows, and is beneficial to the health of ovaries. In addition, the soybean isoflavone has better oxidation resistance, can effectively reduce cytopathic effect and enhance the immunity of sows, and is beneficial to the overall growth of the sows. Therefore, the soybean isoflavone can effectively improve the production and reproduction performance of the sow through the action of the two parts. However, the soybean cake powder contains low content of soybean isoflavone, the soybean cake contains abundant macromolecular protein, carbohydrate, fat and the like, and the soybean isoflavone is wrapped by the macromolecular substances and is difficult to be directly absorbed by sows. According to the invention, the soybean meal slurry is inoculated with the composite microbial inoculum, the composite microbial inoculum consists of bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus casei and aspergillus oryzae, the bacillus subtilis degrades protein, carbohydrate and the like, and the lactobacillus casei degrades fat, so that macromolecular substances in the soybean meal are fully degraded under the combined action of the bacillus subtilis and the lactobacillus casei, so that soybean isoflavone is fully dissociated, and more soybean isoflavone is generated in the fermentation process; the soybean isoflavone glycosidase produced by aspergillus oryzae fermentation can promote soybean isoflavone to be converted into soybean isoflavone aglycone which is easier to absorb, promote the growth of sows, increase the thickness of backfat of sows, adjust the hormone level and condition the health of ovaries of the sows, thereby greatly improving the production and reproduction performance of the sows.

The invention takes fresh purple sweet potatoes, raspberries, theaflavin, iron porphyrin and beta-cyclodextrin as raw materials to prepare the premixed slurry. The purple sweet potatoes contain dietary fibers, vitamins, selenium, procyanidine and other components beneficial to growth of sows, the dietary fibers can stimulate intestines and stomach, promote intestinal peristalsis and facilitate absorption of sows on nutritional ingredients, the selenium is beneficial to organism repair and improves organism immunity, the procyanidine has good oxidation resistance, and the purple sweet potatoes are synthesized to improve organism health, so that a good basis is provided for improving the production and reproduction performance of the sows. The raspberry contains antioxidant substances, can be synergistically acted with procyanidine in the purple sweet potatoes to further improve the body health, and has the effects of tonifying kidney and nourishing, so that the production and reproduction performance of sows is further improved. The theaflavin has a certain protection effect on ovaries, and can also improve the immunity of organisms and improve the production and reproduction performance of sows. The iron porphyrin has the effect of supplementing iron, ensures sufficient blood and fundamentally solves the problem of transportation of nutrient components. Namely, the iron porphyrin is a foundation, so that other nutritional ingredients are smoothly conveyed to all parts of the sow body, the raspberry and the purple sweet potato have the synergistic effect of antioxidation, the health of the sow is improved, the raspberry and the purple sweet potato have the nourishing effect, the increase of the backfat thickness of the sow is promoted, the protection effect of theaflavin on ovaries is synergistic to regulate the health of the ovaries, and the production and reproduction performance of the sow is improved.

However, the selenium, the procyanidine, the theaflavin and other components in the premixed slurry are easy to lose in the processing or storage process, so that the beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound has an inclusion effect by adding the beta-cyclodextrin, and the retention of the beneficial components is ensured, thereby ensuring the improvement effect on the production and reproduction performance of the sows. Most importantly, the beta-cyclodextrin and the porphyrin structure in the porphyrin iron can also form supermolecule assembly to form a net structure, so that a certain slow release effect is achieved, a corresponding effect is generated in a long time, and the production and reproduction performance of the sow is improved.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below.

Detailed Description

The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1:

a preparation method of a feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows comprises the following specific steps:

wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises: 30 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 40 hundred million/g of lactobacillus casei and 10 hundred million/g of aspergillus oryzae.

The grain size of the corn flour and the soybean meal is 100 meshes.

In the step (1), the mass ratio of corn flour, water, beta-amylase and alpha-glucosidase is 1: 5: 0.03: 0.01.

in the step (1), the process conditions of the primary enzymolysis are as follows: pH 6.5, temperature 50 ℃, time 12 hours.

In the step (1), the process conditions of the secondary enzymolysis are as follows: pH 4.5, temperature 55 ℃, time 7 hours.

In the step (2), the mass ratio of the soybean meal powder to the water to the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 1: 0.05.

in the step (2), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: fermenting at 40 deg.C for 130 hr.

In the step (3), the mass ratio of the purple sweet potatoes to the raspberry to the theaflavin to the iron porphyrin to the water to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1: 0.3: 0.01: 0.02: 2: 0.04.

in the step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenization at 40MPa for 1 min.

In the step (4), the mass ratio of the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean meal pulp and the premixed slurry is 1: 0.3: 0.01.

in the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenization at 20MPa for 2 min.

Example 2:

a preparation method of a feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows comprises the following specific steps:

wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises: 40 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 30 hundred million/g of lactobacillus casei and 15 hundred million/g of aspergillus oryzae.

The grain diameter of the corn flour and the soybean meal is 80 meshes.

In the step (1), the mass ratio of corn flour, water, beta-amylase and alpha-glucosidase is 1: 7: 0.02: 0.02.

in the step (1), the process conditions of the primary enzymolysis are as follows: pH 5.5, temperature 55 ℃, time 10 hours.

In the step (1), the process conditions of the secondary enzymolysis are as follows: pH 5.5, temperature 45 ℃, time 9 hours.

In the step (2), the mass ratio of the soybean meal powder to the water to the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 0.8: 0.07.

in the step (2), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: fermenting at 35 deg.C for 150 hr.

In the step (3), the mass ratio of the purple sweet potatoes to the raspberry to the theaflavin to the iron porphyrin to the water to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1: 0.2: 0.02: 0.01: 3: 0.03.

in the step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenization at 40MPa for 2 min.

In the step (4), the mass ratio of the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean meal pulp and the premixed slurry is 1: 0.2: 0.02.

in the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenization at 18MPa for 3 min.

Example 3:

a preparation method of a feed capable of improving the production and reproduction performance of sows comprises the following specific steps:

wherein the complex microbial inoculum comprises: 35 hundred million/g of bacillus subtilis, 33 hundred million/g of lactobacillus casei and 12 hundred million/g of aspergillus oryzae.

The grain size of the corn flour and the soybean meal is 90 meshes.

In the step (1), the mass ratio of corn flour, water, beta-amylase and alpha-glucosidase is 1: 6: 0.025: 0.015.

in the step (1), the process conditions of the primary enzymolysis are as follows: pH 6, temperature 52 ℃, time 11 hours.

In the step (1), the process conditions of the secondary enzymolysis are as follows: pH 5, temperature 50 ℃, time 8 hours.

In the step (2), the mass ratio of the soybean meal powder to the water to the composite microbial inoculum is 1: 0.9: 0.06.

in the step (2), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: fermenting at 38 deg.C for 140 hr.

In the step (3), the mass ratio of the purple sweet potatoes to the raspberry to the theaflavin to the iron porphyrin to the water to the beta-cyclodextrin is 1: 0.25: 0.015: 0.015: 2.5: 0.035.

in the step (3), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenization at 40MPa for 1.5 min.

In the step (4), the mass ratio of the enzymatic corn pulp, the fermented soybean meal pulp and the premixed slurry is 1: 0.25: 0.015.

in the step (4), the process conditions of the homogenization treatment are as follows: homogenization at 19MPa for 2.5 minutes.

Comparative example 1

Omitting enzymolysis treatment, and replacing the enzymolysis corn steep liquor with corn steep liquor;