阅读说明：本技术 基于自维持反应的低成本安全环保烟花发射药制备方法 (Low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant preparation method based on self-sustaining reaction ) 是由 束庆海 吴启才 于 2021-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的基于自维持反应的低成本安全环保烟花发射药制备方法,属于烟花爆竹技术领域。所述低成本安全环保烟花发射药由低成本的合金粉取代部分价格昂贵的活性金属粉,实现成本的有效控制。制备方法为：将硅烷偶联剂加入乙酸乙酯中,搅拌均匀,并在惰性气氛保护下,将活性金属粉分散到溶液中,浸泡一定时间,过滤干燥,得到改性活性金属粉；将粘结剂加入乙酸乙酯中,搅拌至全部溶解,并将所得的改性活性金属粉分散到溶液中,搅拌一定时间,得到粘结剂包覆金属粉的分散液；将高分子氟聚物和合金粉加入到所得的分散液中,搅拌一定时间,得到浆料；将得到的浆料通过造粒机进行挤出造粒,并将颗粒进行干燥,得到最终产品。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction, belonging to the technical field of fireworks and crackers. The low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant powder is characterized in that part of expensive active metal powder is replaced by low-cost alloy powder, and the cost is effectively controlled. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a silane coupling agent into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing active metal powder into a solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain modified active metal powder; adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the obtained modified active metal powder into the solution, and stirring for a certain time to obtain a dispersion liquid of the binder-coated metal powder; adding the high molecular fluorine polymer and the alloy powder into the obtained dispersion liquid, and stirring for a certain time to obtain slurry; and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator, and drying granules to obtain a final product.)

1. A preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises 30-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer; 20-50 parts of alloy powder; 5-15 parts of active metal powder; 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding a silane coupling agent into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing active metal powder into a solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain modified active metal powder;

step two: adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the modified active metal powder obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring for a certain time to obtain a binder-coated metal powder dispersion liquid;

step three: adding the high molecular fluorine polymer and the alloy powder into the dispersion liquid obtained in the third step, and stirring for a certain time to obtain slurry;

step four: and E, extruding and granulating the slurry obtained in the step three through a granulator, and drying the granules to obtain the final product.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight and particle size: 56 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 100-300 mu m; 30 parts of alloy powder with the particle size of 10-40 mu m; 10 parts of active metal powder with the particle size of 10-75 mu m; 2 parts of a silane coupling agent; and 2 parts of a binder.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein:

the stirring time from the first step to the third step is 1-6 h, and the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm/min;

the soaking time in the step one is 6-12 hours;

the high molecular fluorine polymer in the first step comprises perfluoropolyether, polyfluoroolefin and polyfluoroalkane;

the active metal powder in the first step comprises spherical aluminum powder and spherical magnesium powder.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the alloy powder in the third step comprises aluminum magnesium alloy, magnesium zinc alloy and aluminum magnesium manganese alloy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction, belonging to the technical field of fireworks and crackers.

Background

Black powder is one of the important raw materials in the production of fireworks and crackers. Due to the huge hidden dangers of black powder in the aspects of environmental protection, safety and the like, the research and development of novel firework powder become a research hotspot. In recent years, research and development teams including Beijing university of science and technology develop high-molecular fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant, and a series of high-molecular fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant formulas are developed by utilizing the principle that high temperature is released after severe self-sustaining oxidation-reduction reaction occurs between high-molecular fluoropolymer and active metal.

Although the comprehensive performance of the high-molecular fluoropolymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework is very excellent, particularly the safety performance and the environment-friendly performance of the firework, the active metal used in the formula of the firework is spherical magnesium powder, aluminum powder and other raw materials with special specifications, the cost of the firework is more than the level of hundreds of thousands of tons, the cost of the firework is extremely high, the firework cannot meet the cost requirement of wide popularization, and the development of the sulfur-free and nitrogen-free raw materials with good reaction activity and controllable cost has very important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction, which adopts low-cost alloy powder to replace high-price spherical active metal powder to realize effective control of cost; and the adopted preparation processes are conventional mixing, stirring, granulating, drying and the like, the process is simple and high in safety, no special process requirement exists, and the batch production is facilitated. The firework propellant takes the high-molecular fluoropolymer/active metal/binder as the components, has the advantages of no sulfur and nitrogen, little smoke, low mechanical and electrostatic sensitivity, high safety and the like, and can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction, which comprises the following components in parts by weight and particle size:

30-75 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 50-400 mu m; 20-50 parts of alloy powder, and the particle size is 10-40 mu m; 5-15 parts of active metal powder, and the particle size is 10-75 mu m; 0.5-3 parts of a silane coupling agent; 0.5-5 parts of a binder.

Preferably, the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight and particle size:

56 parts of high-molecular fluorine polymer with the particle size of 100-300 mu m; 30 parts of alloy powder with the particle size of 10-40 mu m; 10 parts of active metal powder with the particle size of 10-75 mu m; 2 parts of a silane coupling agent; and 2 parts of a binder.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding a silane coupling agent into ethyl acetate, uniformly stirring, dispersing active metal powder into a solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain modified active metal powder;

step two: adding the binder into ethyl acetate, stirring until the binder is completely dissolved, dispersing the modified active metal powder obtained in the step one into the solution, and stirring for a certain time to obtain a binder-coated metal powder dispersion liquid;

step three: adding the high molecular fluorine polymer and the alloy powder into the dispersion liquid obtained in the third step, and stirring for a certain time to obtain slurry;

step four: and E, extruding and granulating the slurry obtained in the step three through a granulator, and drying the granules to obtain the final product.

The stirring time from the first step to the third step is 1-6 h, and the stirring speed is 100-200 rpm/min.

The soaking time in the step one is 6-12 hours.

In the first step, the high molecular fluorine polymer is perfluoropolyether, polyfluoroolefin, polyfluoroalkane, etc.

In the first step, the active metal is spherical aluminum powder or spherical magnesium powder.

The alloy powder in the third step is aluminum magnesium alloy, magnesium zinc alloy, aluminum magnesium manganese alloy and the like.

Has the advantages that:

1. the invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction, which adopts low-cost alloy powder to replace high-price spherical active metal powder to realize effective control of cost; and the adopted preparation processes are conventional mixing, stirring, granulating, drying and the like, the process is simple and high in safety, no special process requirement exists, and the batch production is facilitated.

2. Compared with the traditional black powder, the low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on the self-sustaining reaction prepared by the method has the advantages of no sulfur, no nitrogen, little smoke, environmental friendliness, low mechanical sensitivity, high safety and the like; compared with the newly developed new fluoropolymer/active metal material, the cost is controllable, and the method can be widely applied to the production of the propellant for fireworks and crackers.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention in any manner. Unless otherwise indicated, the various starting materials used in the examples of the present invention are either conventionally available commercially or prepared according to conventional methods in the art using equipment commonly used in the laboratory. Unless defined or stated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Example 1

A preparation method of a low-cost safe and environment-friendly firework propellant based on self-sustaining reaction comprises the following specific steps:

(1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 8 parts of active metal and 22 parts of magnesium-zinc alloy powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the active metal is 10 mu m, and the particle size of the magnesium-zinc alloy powder is 10 mu m;

coating: weighing 2 parts of fluororubber 2311, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber is completely dissolved, dispersing the 30 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min, and obtaining a dispersion liquid of the fluororubber-coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 67 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the fluororubber, and stirring for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

Example 2

A preparation method of a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps:

(1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 15 parts of active metal powder and 20 parts of magnesium-aluminum alloy powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the active metal powder is 10 mu m, and the particle size of the magnesium-aluminum alloy powder is 20 mu m;

coating: weighing 2 parts of fluororubber 2601, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring until the fluororubber 2601 is completely dissolved, dispersing the 35 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min, and obtaining a dispersion liquid of the fluororubber-coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 62 parts of polyvinylidene fluoride powder, adding the polyvinylidene fluoride powder into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the fluororubber, and stirring for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min to obtain slurry; wherein the particle size of the polyvinylidene fluoride powder is 160 mu m;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 3mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

Example 3

A preparation method of a novel high-molecular fluorine polymer-based safe and environment-friendly firework propellant comprises the following specific steps: (1) firstly, metal powder is modified and coated

Surface modification: weighing 1 part of silane coupling agent KH550, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring for 0.5h, dispersing 10 parts of active metal powder and 40 parts of magnesium-aluminum alloy powder into the solution under the protection of inert atmosphere, soaking for 6h, filtering and drying to obtain modified metal powder; wherein the particle size of the active metal powder is 10 mu m, and the particle size of the magnesium-aluminum alloy powder is 40 mu m;

coating: weighing 2 parts of silicone rubber 2601, adding into 50mL of ethyl acetate, stirring until the silicone rubber is completely dissolved, dispersing the 50 parts of modified metal powder into the solution, stirring for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min, and obtaining the dispersion liquid of silicone rubber coated metal powder.

(2) Preparation of fireworks propellant powder particles

Mixing powder: weighing 47 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene powder into the dispersion liquid obtained by coating the metal powder with the silicone rubber, and stirring for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 200rpm/min to obtain slurry; wherein, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is 160 μm;

and (3) granulation: and extruding and granulating the obtained slurry through a granulator with a particle plate of 2mm, and drying the obtained particles at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain the final product.

According to the test method of GJB 772A-1997 mechanical sensitivity, the impact sensitivity of the prepared firework propellant is 0% and the friction sensitivity is 0% by adopting a 10Kg drop hammer with a drop height of 25 cm.

The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.