阅读说明：本技术 高温连续化提取皮江法炼镁工艺中结晶镁的方法及装置 (Method and device for continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature ) 是由 孙院军 柏小丹 孙军 丁向东 李金阳 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：高温连续化提取皮江法炼镁工艺中结晶镁的方法及装置,本发明针对皮江法炼镁及其衍生工艺存在的上述问题,充分利用难熔金属/陶瓷与结晶镁的熔点差异大,相互浸润性小的特点,以难熔金属/陶瓷球体群形成的动态多孔滤网,作为镁结晶蒸汽结晶载体。金属或者陶瓷球体流道与镁蒸气流道之间采用多孔板隔开。多孔板的孔径＜金属或陶瓷球体直径即可。镁蒸气遇到低温的难熔金属或者陶瓷颗粒时,降温并液化或者结晶,而难熔金属颗粒或者陶瓷颗粒因为与镁蒸气之间的热交换而升温至500℃以上。温度＞500℃难熔金属颗粒或者陶瓷颗粒带着表面的液化镁或者结晶镁离开镁冷凝区。(The invention relates to a method and a device for continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in a Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature, which fully utilize the characteristics of large melting point difference and small mutual wettability of refractory metal/ceramic and crystallized magnesium and use a dynamic porous filter screen formed by refractory metal/ceramic sphere groups as a magnesium crystallization steam crystallization carrier aiming at the problems of Pidgeon magnesium smelting and a derivative process thereof. The metal or ceramic ball flow passage and the magnesium steam flow passage are separated by a porous plate. The aperture of the porous plate is smaller than the diameter of the metal or ceramic sphere. When the magnesium vapor meets the low-temperature refractory metal or ceramic particles, the temperature is reduced and the particles are liquefied or crystallized, and the temperature of the refractory metal particles or ceramic particles is raised to be more than 500 ℃ due to the heat exchange between the particles and the magnesium vapor. The refractory metal particles or ceramic particles leave the magnesium condensation zone with liquefied or crystallized magnesium on the surface at a temperature of > 500 ℃.)

1. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature is characterized in that: the magnesium smelting reduction furnace comprises a reduction tank 1 arranged in a reduction furnace (3) and a magnesium crystallizer (2) communicated with the reduction tank (1), wherein the magnesium crystallizer (2) comprises a refining furnace (210) with a furnace mouth (213), a ball material and crystal magnesium separator (209) communicated with the refining furnace (210) is arranged at the upper end of the refining furnace (210), a porous partition screen (212) is arranged in the ball material and crystal magnesium separator (209), a circulating feeding device is arranged at the upper end of the porous partition screen (212), the circulating feeding device comprises a ball material lifter (203) and a spiral feeding condenser (201) which are communicated with the outlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator (209), the outlet of the spiral feeding condenser (201) is connected with the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator (209) through a pipeline, and a magnesium steam inlet and a tail gas outlet which are coaxially connected with the reduction tank (1) are arranged on the pipeline, a magnesium vapor condensation zone (206) is arranged between the magnesium vapor inlet and the tail gas outlet, and an inert gas reserving opening (208) is also arranged at the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator (209).

2. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at the high temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and the magnesium steam inlet and the tail gas outlet are respectively provided with an inlet porous heat insulation baffle plate and an outlet porous heat insulation baffle plate (205 and 207).

3. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at the high temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and a pipeline at the upper end of the magnesium steam inlet is provided with a magnesium steam upstream-preventing bent pipe (204).

4. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at the high temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inlet of the spiral feeding condenser (201) is provided with a ball material loading reserved port (202).

5. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at the high temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inlet of the ball material lifter (203) is provided with a ball material unloading reserved opening (211).

6. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at the high temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: valves are arranged on the upper part (204) of the magnesium vapor upstream-proof elbow, the tail gas outlet, the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator (209) and the inlet of the refining furnace (210).

7. The device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at the high temperature according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the magnesium vapor condensation area (206) is of a sandwich structure, namely, a magnesium vapor condensation pipeline penetrates through the rectangular groove, and cooling circulating water is introduced into a gap between the magnesium vapor condensation pipeline and the rectangular groove.

8. A method for continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in a Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature according to any one of the devices of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) adding a reducing material of magnesium into a reduction tank (1);

2) loading metal or ceramic balls into a ball lifter (203) from a ball loading reserved opening (202);

3) under the vacuum reduction condition, before the reduction furnace (3) is started, closing a valve in the magnesium crystallizer (2) and synchronously extracting vacuum with the reduction tank (1), wherein the vacuum degree is 3-15 Pa;

or in the argon or helium state, closing a valve in the magnesium crystallizer (2) and the reduction tank (1) to synchronously complete argon or helium replacement;

4) starting the reduction furnace (3), heating the reduction tank (1), synchronously starting the refining furnace (210) and keeping the temperature at 700-;

5) when the temperature of the reduction tank (1) reaches the reaction temperature of 1100 +/-10 ℃, opening all valves of the magnesium crystallizer (2), starting the spiral feeding condenser (201) and the ball material lifter (203), and introducing high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas from the inert gas reserving opening (208), so that the metal or ceramic balls at the temperature of 400 plus or minus 600 ℃ cooled by the spiral feeding condenser (201) are circulated in the circulating feeding device under the action of machinery and gravity;

6) when the temperature of the reduction tank 1 reaches 1200 +/-10 ℃, the reduction reaction starts, magnesium vapor diffuses out from the reduction tank 1, passes through the inlet porous heat-insulating baffle (205), enters a magnesium vapor condensation area (206) into a metal or ceramic sphere group, is liquefied or crystallized on a spherical surface when encountering cold, and flows out along the outlet porous heat-insulating baffle (207), wherein a pipeline at the upper part of the inlet porous heat-insulating baffle (205) is provided with a magnesium vapor upstream-preventing elbow (204);

7) along with the movement of the metal or ceramic balls, the crystallized magnesium deposited on the metal or ceramic balls is continuously carried out of a magnesium vapor condensation area (206) and flows to a porous grid sieve (212) of a ball material and crystallized magnesium separator (209) along a pipeline;

8) the separation of the metal or ceramic balls and the crystallized magnesium is realized by the crystallized magnesium on the metal or ceramic balls on the porous lattice sieve (212) under the purging of high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas introduced from an inert gas reserving opening (208), the separated magnesium solution passes through the porous lattice sieve (212) under the action of gravity and enters a refining pool (210) with the temperature of 700 and 750 ℃, and the metal or ceramic balls leave a separator (209) and enter a ball material lifter (203);

9) the ball material lifter (203) lifts the metal or ceramic balls to the spiral feeding condenser (201), and the steps 7) -8) are repeated to realize the continuous extraction of the crystallized magnesium.

9. The method for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature according to claim 8, wherein the raw material magnesium is added into the refining furnace (210) from a furnace mouth (213) before the reduction furnace is started, so that the bottom of the refining furnace (210) is fully paved.

10. The method for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature according to claim 8, wherein the diameter of the metal or ceramic ball is 5-10 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a smelting process and a device for reducing magnesium by a Pidgeon process, in particular to a method and a device for continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature.

Background

Pidgeon process for reducing magnesium is a process for producing crystallized magnesium by heating raw materials in a reduction tank made of heat-resistant steel, carrying out reduction reaction under the vacuum condition of 1200 ℃ to generate simple substance magnesium, gasifying the simple substance magnesium into magnesium vapor, and then transferring the magnesium vapor to a cooling area to condense the magnesium vapor. Thereby realizing the smelting process from the ore raw material to the metal crude magnesium. After the reduction is finished, the vacuum is released, the reduced crystal magnesium is taken out, and the reacted solid waste residue is cleaned. The method is the most important preparation method in the field of magnesium metallurgy at present because of simple process and low investment. But the Pidgeon metallurgy process also has the problems of low production efficiency, serious pollution, large energy consumption, low yield of a single reduction tank and incapability of realizing continuous production. Three problems need to be solved to realize the continuity of the Pidgeon magnesium smelting, namely, the vacuum environment is relieved, and the normal pressure condition is realized; secondly, materials are continuously fed in and discharged out, so that the continuity of feeding and discharging is realized; thirdly, continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium. The first problem is the basis, the second and third problems are critical. At present, the first problem is solved by Liu Boyu of the Western-style safety traffic university in an argon current-carrying mode, and conditions are created for normal-pressure magnesium smelting.

Aiming at the third problem in the above problems, the continuous extraction of the crystallized magnesium in the reduction tank is realized. According to the above-mentioned Pidgeon process, magnesium is reduced to magnesium vapor, and then the magnesium vapor is cooled to form crystalline magnesium. The cooling section is cooled in a water-cooling jacket mode. Under the action of thermal diffusion, magnesium vapor diffuses from high temperature to low temperature. Magnesium vapor begins to liquefy when the temperature drops below the boiling point. In order to improve the crystallization efficiency, the temperature of the cooling zone is generally below the melting point. At this temperature the magnesium vapour starts to crystallize, forming crystalline magnesium. At present, the extraction of the crystallized magnesium is to take out the crystallized magnesium in a cooling area after the reaction in a reduction tank is finished, and then to heat, melt and refine. In the process, firstly, the crystallized magnesium can be extracted only once and cannot be continuously extracted; secondly, the temperature of the extracted crystallized magnesium is close to the room temperature, and the temperature is required to be increased for re-refining. Thus causing energy waste. And thirdly, a water cooling mode is adopted for cooling, so that the water consumption is large, the recovery value is low, and the formed energy is lost to a certain extent. If the crystallized magnesium below the melting point temperature can be continuously extracted, the crystallization efficiency of magnesium steam is greatly improved, the energy of the magnesium steam can be effectively recovered, the energy consumption of magnesium metallurgy is reduced, and the method has great significance for the improvement of the magnesium metallurgy technology.

Although the pidgeon magnesium smelting process has the problems of high energy consumption and serious pollution, the pidgeon magnesium smelting process is still the mainstream process of domestic magnesium metallurgy due to low investment, convenient operation and low cost. The crystallization of magnesium vapor in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting is carried out in a water-cooling jacket which is connected with a reduction tube into a whole and is completely under the uniform vacuum condition. Therefore, the cooling jacket can be disassembled to take out the crystallized magnesium only after the reduction reaction in the reduction tank is finished, and finally, the crystallized magnesium is refined through heating and remelting. In recent years, although a technology for smelting magnesium by carrying argon at normal pressure has appeared, the related technical problems have not been effectively solved, and thus, the technology has not been put into use. However, even if the method is put into use in the future and continuous high-temperature extraction of the crystallized magnesium is not realized, the magnesium metallurgy continuous technology is still in the air. The continuous extraction technology of the crystallized magnesium has not been reported. In addition, since the crystalline magnesium is extracted at the cooling tube temperature to room temperature. The refining process needs to be carried out again until the melting point is reached, and the energy waste is serious.

The extraction of crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process has the following problems:

1. the prior magnesium metallurgy process can not continuously extract;

2. and (4) performing crystalline magnesium extraction when the temperature of the cooling pipe is reduced to room temperature. When refining is carried out again, secondary heating and melting are needed, so that energy waste is caused;

3. the artificial extraction intensity is high, the danger is high, and the environment is poor.

4. The water cooling method is adopted to cool and crystallize magnesium, the water consumption is large, the recovery value is low, and the formed energy has certain loss.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method which can control the temperature of crude magnesium to be above a melting point and reduce energy consumption during refining; the device has good production continuity, can be used for vacuum or argon conditions, and is a method and a device for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at low energy and high efficiency at high temperature.

In order to achieve the aim, the device comprises a reduction tank arranged in a reduction furnace and a magnesium crystallizer communicated with the reduction tank, wherein the magnesium crystallizer comprises a refining furnace with a furnace mouth, a ball material and crystal magnesium separator communicated with the refining furnace is arranged at the upper end of the refining furnace, a porous separation sieve is arranged in the ball material and crystal magnesium separator, a circulating feeding device is arranged at the upper end of the porous separation sieve, the circulating feeding device comprises a ball material lifter and a spiral feeding condenser which are communicated with the outlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator, the outlet of the spiral feeding condenser is connected with the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with a magnesium steam inlet and a tail gas outlet which are coaxially connected with the reduction tank, a magnesium steam condensation area is arranged between the magnesium steam inlet and the tail gas outlet, and an inert gas reserved opening is also arranged at the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator.

And the magnesium steam inlet and the tail gas outlet are respectively provided with an inlet porous heat insulation baffle and an outlet porous heat insulation baffle.

And a pipeline at the upper end of the magnesium steam inlet is provided with a magnesium steam upstream-preventing bent pipe.

The inlet of the spiral feeding condenser is provided with a ball material loading reserved opening.

The entrance of the ball material lifter is provided with a ball material unloading reserved opening.

Valves are arranged on the upper part of the magnesium vapor upstream-proof elbow, the tail gas outlet, the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator and the inlet of the refining furnace.

The magnesium vapor condensation area is of a sandwich structure, namely, a magnesium vapor condensation pipeline penetrates through the rectangular groove, and cooling circulating water is introduced into a gap between the magnesium vapor condensation pipeline and the rectangular groove.

The method for continuously extracting the crystallized magnesium in the Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature comprises the following steps

1) Adding a reducing material of magnesium into a reduction tank;

2) loading metal or ceramic balls into the ball material lifter from the ball material loading reserved opening;

3) under the vacuum reduction condition, before the reduction furnace is started, closing a valve in the magnesium crystallizer and synchronously extracting vacuum with a vacuum degree of 3-15Pa from a reduction tank;

or in the argon or helium state, closing a valve in the magnesium crystallizer and the reduction tank to synchronously complete the replacement of argon or helium;

4) starting a reduction furnace, heating a reduction tank, synchronously starting a refining furnace and keeping the temperature of 700-;

5) when the temperature of the reduction tank reaches 1100 +/-10 ℃ of reaction temperature, opening all valves of the magnesium crystallizer, starting the spiral feeding condenser and the ball material lifter, and introducing high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas from the inert gas reserved port to circulate the metal or ceramic balls at the temperature of 400-600 ℃ cooled by the spiral feeding condenser in the circulating feeding device under the action of machinery and gravity;

6) when the temperature of the reduction tank 1 reaches 1200 +/-10 ℃, the reduction reaction starts, magnesium vapor diffuses out from the reduction tank, passes through the inlet porous heat-insulating baffle, enters into a metal or ceramic sphere group in a magnesium vapor condensation area, is liquefied or crystallized on a spherical surface when meeting cold, and flows out along the outlet porous heat-insulating baffle, wherein a pipeline on the upper part of the inlet porous heat-insulating baffle is provided with a magnesium vapor upstream-preventing elbow;

7) along with the movement of the metal or ceramic balls, the crystallized magnesium deposited on the metal or ceramic balls is continuously taken out of a magnesium vapor condensation area and flows onto a porous grid sieve of a ball material and crystallized magnesium separator along a pipeline;

8) the separation of the metal or ceramic balls and the crystallized magnesium is realized by the crystallized magnesium on the metal or ceramic balls on the porous lattice sieve under the purging of high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas introduced from an inert gas reserved opening, the separated magnesium solution passes through the porous lattice sieve under the action of gravity and enters a refining pool at 700-750 ℃, and the metal or ceramic balls leave the separator and enter a ball material lifter;

9) the ball lifter 203 lifts the metal or ceramic balls to the spiral feeding condenser, and the steps 7) -8) are repeated to realize the continuous extraction of the crystallized magnesium.

And adding raw material magnesium into the refining furnace from a furnace mouth before the reducing furnace is started, so that the bottom of the refining furnace is fully paved.

The diameter of the metal or ceramic ball is 5-10 mm.

The invention uses refractory metal particles or ceramic particles to replace a water-cooling sheath to continuously crystallize magnesium vapor; blowing argon gas at high temperature and high pressure on the refractory metal particles or ceramic particles to separate crystallized magnesium, and replacing manual extraction; the temperature of the crude magnesium is controlled to be above the melting point, so that the energy consumption in refining is reduced; the device has good production continuity, can be used under vacuum or argon conditions, and has low energy and high efficiency.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention adopts the characteristics of large difference of melting points and small mutual infiltration of the refractory metal/ceramic and the crystallized magnesium, and uses the dynamic porous filter screen formed by refractory metal/ceramic spheres as a magnesium crystallization steam crystallization carrier to realize continuous extraction of the crystallized magnesium and lay a technical foundation for magnesium metallurgy continuity;

(2) the invention moves the extracted liquefied magnesium or crystallized magnesium metal or ceramic particles to the upper part of a magnesium refining pool, and heats the magnesium metal particles to the melting point of the magnesium metal of above 650 ℃, and magnesium metal on the surfaces of the refractory metal particles or ceramic particles begins to liquefy. The separation from the refractory metal or ceramic particles is realized under the action of gravity or high-temperature and high-pressure argon. The liquefied magnesium metal enters a refining pool for refining. Because the magnesium solution entering the smelting pool is higher than 650 ℃, the smelting furnace only needs to be heated to 710-740 ℃ to start refining, and the method is used for heating and smelting and needs secondary heating for melting at normal temperature compared with the conventional silicothermic method for extracting the crystallized magnesium, thereby reducing energy waste;

(3) the invention improves the problems of high strength, high danger and poor environment of artificially extracted crystal magnesium by a full-automatic process of continuous extraction and the whole process of the crystal magnesium.

(4) The invention cools the refractory metal/ceramic balls by the spiral feeding cooler, the cooling mode adopts water cooling or air cooling, the condensation area is smaller, and the problems of large condensation area, large water consumption and low recovery value caused by cooling by a water cooling mode are solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a Pidgeon magnesium smelting device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a magnesium crystallizer 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the magnesium vapor condensation zone 206 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the interior of the magnesium vapor condensation zone of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1. a reduction tank; 2. a magnesium crystallizer.

201. A spiral feed condenser; 202. a ball loading port; 203. a ball lifter; 204. a bent pipe for preventing magnesium vapor from flowing upwards; 205. an inlet porous thermal barrier; 206. a magnesium vapor condensation zone (pellet transition zone); 207. an outlet porous thermal insulation barrier; 208. an inert gas inlet; 209. a ball material and crystal magnesium separator; 210. a smelting furnace; 211. a ball unloading reserved port; 212. a porous lattice sieve; 213. and (4) a furnace mouth.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention without limiting the invention thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a reduction tank 1 disposed in a reduction furnace 3 and a magnesium crystallizer 2 communicated with the reduction tank 1.

Referring to fig. 2, the magnesium crystallizer 2 of the present invention comprises a refining furnace 210 with a furnace mouth 213, a ball and crystal magnesium separator 209 communicated with the refining furnace 210 is arranged at the upper end of the refining furnace 210, a porous screen 212 is arranged in the ball and crystal magnesium separator 209, a circulating feeding device is arranged at the upper end of the porous screen 212, the circulating feeding device comprises a ball lifter 203 and a spiral feeding condenser 201 which are communicated with the outlet of the ball and crystal magnesium separator 209, a ball loading reserved port 202 is arranged at the inlet of the spiral feeding condenser 201, a ball unloading reserved port 211 is arranged at the inlet of the ball lifter 203, the outlet of the spiral feeding condenser 201 is connected with the inlet of the ball and crystal magnesium separator 209 through a pipeline, a magnesium vapor inlet with an inlet porous heat insulation baffle 205 and a tail gas outlet with an outlet porous heat insulation baffle 207 which are coaxially connected with a reduction tank 1 are arranged on the pipeline, the upper end pipeline of the magnesium steam inlet is provided with a magnesium steam upstream-preventing bent pipe 204, a magnesium steam condensation area 206 is arranged between the magnesium steam inlet and the tail gas outlet, an inert gas reserved opening 208 is further formed in the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator 209, valves are mounted on the upper portion 204 of the magnesium steam upstream-preventing bent pipe, the tail gas outlet, the inlet of the ball material and crystal magnesium separator 209 and the inlet of the refining furnace 210, preparation is made for vacuumizing or other accidents before reaction, and the magnesium steam upstream-preventing bent pipe is normally open.

The aperture of the inlet porous heat insulation baffle 205, the outlet porous heat insulation baffle 207 and the porous lattice 212 in the invention is smaller than the diameter of the ball material;

referring to fig. 3, the magnesium vapor condensation zone 206 of the present invention is a sandwich-type structure, i.e., the magnesium vapor condensation duct (diameter D, as shown in fig. 4) passes through a rectangular slot (dimension D × L, length L being the length through which magnesium vapor passes). The gap between the pipeline and the rectangular groove can be properly filled with cooling circulating water to ensure the condensation temperature, and the cooling circulating water is not required to be opened under the normal condition. After the magnesium reduction reaction starts, the spiral feeding condenser 201 is started, the cooled metal or ceramic balls reach a magnesium vapor condensation area (ball material transition area) 206 under the action of gravity, magnesium vapor passes through the condensation area to nucleate and crystallize on the metal or ceramic balls and flows to a separator 209 along a pipeline, the small balls are separated from the crystallized magnesium under the action of high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas 208, the crystallized magnesium enters a molten pool, the small balls enter a ball material lifter 203, and the process is circulated.

The invention relates to a method for continuously extracting crystallized magnesium in a Pidgeon magnesium smelting process at high temperature, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) adding a reducing material of magnesium into the reduction tank 1;

2) loading metal or ceramic balls with the diameter of 5-10 mm into the ball lifter 203 from the ball loading reserved opening 202, and adding raw material magnesium into the refining furnace 210 from the furnace opening 213 to fully cover the bottom of the refining furnace 210;

3) under the vacuum reduction condition, before the reduction furnace 3 is started, a valve in the magnesium crystallizer 2 and the reduction tank 1 are closed to synchronously extract vacuum, and the vacuum degree is 3-15 Pa;

or in the argon or helium state, closing a valve in the magnesium crystallizer 2 and the reduction tank 1 to synchronously complete the replacement of argon or helium;

4) starting the reduction furnace 3, heating the reduction tank 1, synchronously starting the refining furnace 210, melting the raw material magnesium placed in the step 2), and keeping the temperature at 700-;

5) when the temperature of the reduction tank 1 reaches the reaction temperature of 1100 +/-10 ℃, opening all valves of the magnesium crystallizer 2, starting the spiral feeding condenser 201 and the ball material lifter 203, and introducing high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas from the inert gas reserved opening 208, so that the metal or ceramic balls at the temperature of 400 plus one material and 600 ℃ cooled by the spiral feeding condenser 201 are circulated in the circulating feeding device under the action of machinery and gravity;

6) when the temperature of the reduction tank 1 reaches 1200 +/-10 ℃, the reduction reaction starts, magnesium vapor diffuses out of the reduction tank 1, passes through the inlet porous heat-insulating baffle 205, enters a magnesium vapor condensation zone 206 metal or ceramic sphere group, is liquefied or crystallized on a spherical surface when encountering cold magnesium vapor, and flows out along the outlet porous heat-insulating baffle 207, wherein a pipeline on the upper part of the inlet porous heat-insulating baffle 205 is provided with a magnesium vapor upstream-preventing bent pipe 204;

7) along with the movement of the metal or ceramic balls, the crystallized magnesium deposited on the metal or ceramic balls is continuously carried out of the magnesium vapor condensation area 206 and flows to the porous grid 212 of the ball material and crystallized magnesium separator 209 along the pipeline;

8) the separation of the metal or ceramic balls and the crystallized magnesium on the metal or ceramic balls on the porous lattice sieve 212 is realized under the purging of high-temperature and high-pressure inert gas introduced from the inert gas reserved opening 208, the separated magnesium solution passes through the porous lattice sieve 212 under the action of gravity and enters the refining pool 210 at 700-750 ℃, and the metal or ceramic balls leave the separator 209 and enter the ball material lifter 203;

9) the ball lifter 203 lifts the metal or ceramic balls to the spiral feed condenser 201, and the above steps 7) -8) are repeated to realize continuous extraction of the crystallized magnesium.

Aiming at the problems of the Pidgeon magnesium smelting and the derivative process thereof, the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of large melting point difference and small mutual wetting property of refractory metal/ceramic and crystallized magnesium, and uses a dynamic porous filter screen formed by refractory metal/ceramic sphere groups as a magnesium crystallization steam crystallization carrier. The metal or ceramic ball flow passage and the magnesium steam flow passage are separated by a porous plate. The aperture of the porous plate is smaller than the diameter of the metal or ceramic sphere. When the magnesium vapor meets the low-temperature refractory metal or ceramic particles, the temperature is reduced and the particles are liquefied or crystallized, and the temperature of the refractory metal particles or ceramic particles is raised to be more than 500 ℃ due to the heat exchange between the particles and the magnesium vapor. The refractory metal particles or ceramic particles leave the magnesium condensation zone with liquefied or crystallized magnesium on the surface at a temperature of > 500 ℃. Thereby realizing the high-temperature continuous extraction of the crystallized magnesium. Then the metal or ceramic particles of liquefied magnesium or crystallized magnesium extracted from the high temperature zone are moved to the upper part of the magnesium refining furnace and heated to the melting point of magnesium metal above 650 ℃, and the magnesium metal on the surface of the refractory metal particles or ceramic particles begins to liquefy. And the separation from the refractory metal or ceramic particles is realized under the action of gravity or high-temperature and high-pressure argon. The liquefied magnesium metal enters a refining pool for refining. The separated metal or ceramic particles are conveyed and cooled by a screw to enter the next cycle for use.